U.S. patent number 3,920,981 [Application Number 05/187,027] was granted by the patent office on 1975-11-18 for signal lamps.
Invention is credited to John J. Bailey.
United States Patent |
3,920,981 |
Bailey |
November 18, 1975 |
Signal lamps
Abstract
A signal lamp for emitting flashing signals at a desired rate. A
parabolic reflector extends about the axis of the lamp with a space
discharge tube at the center of the reflector having means for
electrical discharge at a desired pulse rate.
Inventors: |
Bailey; John J. (Chicago,
IL) |
Family
ID: |
26698191 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/187,027 |
Filed: |
October 6, 1971 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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24220 |
Mar 31, 1970 |
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616108 |
Feb 14, 1967 |
3504339 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
362/295; 362/190;
362/265; 362/183; 362/216; 362/310 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E01F
9/654 (20160201); E01F 9/688 (20160201) |
Current International
Class: |
F21L 003/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;240/22,23,10.64,95,97,98,52,13,17,28,29,30 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Greiner; Robert P.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Burns, Doane, Swecker &
Mathis
Parent Case Text
This application is a continuation in part of Ser. No. 24220, filed
Mar. 31, 1970, now abandoned, which is a division of Ser. No.
616,108, filed Feb. 14, 1967, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,504,339.
Claims
I claim:
1. A signal lamp comprising a relatively flat base having
downturned outer edges adapted to be seated on a supporting
surface, an elongated tubular body supported at one end on the flat
base with the periphery thereof spaced inwardly from the downturned
outer edges and extending upwardly from said flat base, said
tubular body being constructed of light transmitting material, a
head unit mounted in the body intermediate the length thereof and
having a source of illumination, a power unit supported upon the
flat base and having the head unit mounted thereon, said power unit
being operatively connected with the source of illumination of the
head unit for illuminating the tubular body along the length
thereof, the body being conical with the larger end on the base and
wherein the flat base extends outwardly appreciably beyond the
periphery of the conical body, said tubular body being stabilized
in position by the flat base and the power unit thereon.
2. A signal lamp according to claim 1, wherein the power means
includes pulse generating means for electrically and intermittently
energizing the source of illumination.
3. A signal lamp according to claim 1, wherein the head unit has
the source of illumination directed onto the inner surface of the
translucent tubular portion to illuminate said translucent
portion.
4. A signal lamp comprising a relatively flat base having
downturned outer edges adapted to be seated on a supporting
surface, an elongated tubular body supported at one end on the flat
base with the periphery thereof spaced inwardly from the downturned
outer edges and extending upwardly from said flat base, said
tubular body being constructed of light transmitting material, a
head unit mounted in the body intermediate the length thereof and
having a source of illumination, a power unit supported upon the
flat base and having the head unit mounted thereon, said power unit
being operatively connected with the source of illumination of the
head unit for illuminating the tubular body along the length
thereof, the body having a tubular portion of translucent material,
and the source of illumination being directed to the inner surface
of said translucent portion said tubular body being stabilized in
position by the flat base and power unit thereon.
5. A signal lamp comprising a base member adapted to be seated on a
surface, an elongated tubular body seated at one end on the base
member, illuminating means enclosed within the tubular body, said
body being detachable from the base member for exposing the
illuminating means, and a plurality of latches each carried by the
base member and extending axially of the base toward the body and
then turned back upon itself lengthwise of the body and forming a
bow spring and with means on the free end of the back turned
portion in latch engagement with the body for detachably holding
the body in place on the base member.
6. A signal lamp according to claim 5, wherein the body has
shoulders therein engaged by the latches.
7. A signal lamp according to claim 5, wherein the body is conical
and has an enlarged rim portion at the base thereof with a slot in
the rim portion engaged by the latches.
8. A signal lamp according to claim 5, wherein the body has
shoulder portions, and the latches have means for wedging
engagement with the shoulder portions for frictional engagement and
release of the connection between the body and the base member.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to improvements in Signal Lamps and, more
particularly, to lamps that are adapted for use for warning and for
indicating signals as, for example, on emergency vehicles and for
signalling the presence of obstacles, either moving or fixed, such
as traffic lane changes, areas for road repair crews, and areas
where maintenance crews are working.
Signal lamps for fixed or moving objects have also frequently
employed incandescent lamps supplied with current from a battery.
Due to the power demands of such lamps and for the operation of the
circuit making and breaking mechanism thereof, an excess of current
has been required which exhausts the available battery strength in
a short time.
One object of this invention is to overcome these objections to
signal lamps used heretofore by providing a more readily visible
signal which will be observed at greater distances for emergency
and signalling purposes.
Another object of the invention is to simplify and improve the
construction of signal devices to enable these to be built sturdily
at low coat for effecting the desired degree of illumination and
with the desired flashing action.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Certain embodiments of the invention include a head unit supporting
the space discharge tube and reflector and a base or second unit
which may or may not be integral with the head unit and which
supports the pulse or control means for intermittently energizing
the space discharge tube to effect flashing signals when applied to
an emergency vehicle or for signalling the presence of obstacles,
either moving or fixed.
The head unit is preferably self-contained and independent of the
base unit so as to be removed therefrom or with respect to each
other. Provision should be made for electrically connecting these
together so as to transmit the desired current from the pulse
mechanism in the base unit to the space discharge tube in the head
unit.
The reflector may be parabolic or of other shape, according to the
type of lamp used, and may be arranged with the tube in proper
relation to direct light onto the surface or surfaces of the body
or transmitted therethrough.
The base unit encloses the means for intermittently energizing the
space discharge tube so as to operate the tube in a flashing signal
action, such as may be desirable for indicating a fixed or
stationary obstruction.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
These embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in
which:
FIG. 1 is an elevation, partly in section and partly diagrammatic,
showing the head unit of one form of signal lamp;
FIG. 2 is a similar view, showing the base unit thereof;
FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic view, showing the control circuit for the
space discharge tube;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view, partly in section, of a form of
lamp;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a modified form of lamp;
FIG. 6 is a vertical section therethrough, with parts in elevation;
and
FIG. 7 is a side elevation of one of the spring latches.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
I have shown in the drawings a form of signal lamp adapted
particularly for signalling fixed or movable obstructions as, for
example, a street or road obstruction.
As shown in FIG. 4, this form of lamp has a flat base 40 with an
upstanding tubular body or housing 41, which may also be conical,
either made in one integral piece with the base 40 or separable
therefrom, as desired. The housing 41 should be of a suitable
transparent or translucent plastic material and is shown in FIG. 4
as being conical, with a part broken away to illustrate the
assembly therein. Any other desired shape may be substituted for
the tubular or conical shape shown, so long as the plastic body
will be so shaped that the light rays from the light source will
illuminate the inner surface, whereby this portion will be readily
visible because of the translucense of the plastic body. The shape
of the body may be cylindrical, conical, pyramidial or of other
polygonal shape, as desired. The housing 41 encloses a head unit 42
and a base unit 43 suitably secured therein and may contain a
rechargeable battery, either as a part of the base unit 43 or
otherwise mounted in the base support 40.
The head unit 42 includes a container, generally indicated at 44,
upon which is mounted a parabolic or other reflector 45, the inner
surface of which is reflecting and surrounds a space discharge tube
46 mounted on the container 44 substantially at the focus of the
parabolic reflecting surface 45. The space discharge tube 46 may be
of the character having a suitable or desirable gas filling, such
as xenon, krypton, etc. End portions of the tube enclose the
electrodes for space discharge in the gas of the tube. The tube is
electrically connected with a pulse and rectifier assembly 47
mounted in the container 44.
The parabolic reflector 45 has its axis directed vertically, when
the flat base 40 is sitting on the ground. All light rays from the
lamp 46 are directed upwardly to and through the walls of the upper
portion of the conical body 41, thereby lighting the upper portion
of the cone. The lamp 46 may be provided with suitable detachable
connections for replacement in the usual way.
The base unit 43 encloses the storage capacitors 48 and transformer
49 and associated parts of the pulse generating circuit.
Rechargeable batteries may be included in the unit 43, for
supplying current to the lamp 46. These are connected to the pulse
and rectifier assembly 47 in the head unit 42 through a suitable
cable or other electrical connection 50. Detachable connections may
be used between the units 42 and 43, as indicated at 51 in FIG.
3.
The electric circuit for flashing the warning lamp 46 is
illustrated more in detail in FIG. 3 as one embodiment that may be
used for the purpose so as to operate the pulse circuit at the
proper and desired rate of discharge. This particular circuit may
be varied, however, as found desirable according to the rate and
time of discharge needed for the purpose.
The components indicated at 57' in FIG. 3 can be installed readily
in a module that may be plugged into the lamp in an octal socket,
for example. Since the tolerances, as well as the values of the
components indicated at 57' determine the flashing frequency, this
module becomes a simple, rapid means to change the flashing
rate.
While the lamp herein described has many uses, one of its principal
uses is for emergency warning lights in stationary positions using
a battery as a power source. This lamp would replace the presently
used incandescent warning lamp. It would have a very low battery
consumption, with a high light intensity of the xenon lamp as
compared to an incandescent lamp. At the same time, there is a
material reduction in maintenance cost due to the elimination of
motor problems and the changing of lamps. The life of a xenon lamps
is several times as long as that of an incandescent lamp. It
requires no moving parts since it functions as a result of solid
state components.
The xenon lamp is made to flash at intervals in the reflector,
which may be made to direct light upwardly in the body. The light
is transmitted through the body, which is either transparent or
translucent.
Not only is the lamp capable of use inside a plastic traffic cone,
but also as a signal lamp barricades and in many other emergency
conditions. I have discovered that when the lamp was used within
such plastic bodies, the flash decayed slower because the plastic
had a tendency to retain the light.
Another form of the invention is illustrated in FIGS. 5 to 7,
showing a conical body portion removable from the flat base, with
means for detachably retaining the conical body on the base. The
body is made of transparent or translucent plastic material similar
to the body 41 described above.
The base is in the form of a flat plate 60. The conical body 61 is
separate from the base plate 60 and has a hollow, flat base section
62, molded with an inner upturned lip 63, spaced from an adjacent
shoulder 64 on the body 61. The lip 63 and shoulder 64 extend
circumferentially around the conical body 61 about the open lower
end thereof.
Mounted on the base plate 60 are the rechargeable batteries 64, the
weight of which helps to stabilize the lamp holding the base flat
on the ground.
A bracket 66 is also supported upon the base plate 60 and supports
the electrical unit 67 which contains the electric circuit and
pulse generator which may be in the form described above and
illustrated in FIG. 3 or of suitable construction. Supported upon
the electrical unit 67 is a parabolic reflector 68 within which a
lamp 69 is mounted. This parabolic reflector is disposed
approximately midway of the length of the conical body 61 with the
focal axis of the reflector 68 vertical when the base 60 is sitting
flat upon the ground or upon a horizontal surface.
The lamp 69 is located on the focal axis of the reflector 68. Thus,
light will be directed to and through the upper portion of the
conical body 61 above the reflector. The lamp 69 may be
substantially of the character described above in connection with
the lamp 46, being space discharge lamp in a gaseous atmosphere as
referred in connection therewith.
The lamp 69, rechargeable batteries 65 and the electronic
components 67 are all mounted on the base plate 60 itself as a
unit, but this unit must be removable for two reasons: (1) in
handling the present cones it is more convenient if they are
stacked eight, 10 or more high in the service truck so they cover a
minimum of space on the truck floor, but to be able to stack them,
the electrical unit 67 on the base must first be removed and (2)
the batteries 65 must be recharged daily, but to do this the cone
must be removed to expose the charging connector which will be the
male portion of a plug connector.
I have tried several methods of detachably connecting the cone 61
with the base plate 60 in order to permit of separation and removal
of the cone for the purposes described above. Most of these have
proven entirely unsuitable and impractical because of the
difficulty of removing the base unit and because in some instances
they required an accurate positioning of the cone with respect to
the base, which is time consuming and tedious.
Frequently, these signal lights are used in substantial numbers and
an operator must be able to place the cones or remove them very
speedily as the service truck moves along from one cone location to
the next, such for example as when marking traffic lanes. Even if
they are used only to mark a maintenance crew location, this would
be difficult when the operator must be carefully trained to
properly use the connecting means.
Finally, I have discovered that the result can be accomplished by
means of a plurality of snap latches illustrated at 70 in FIGS. 6
and 7. It is preferred that three such snap latches be used, spaced
at 120.degree. apart around the circumference of the base of the
cone 61. These would constitute simple means of securely connecting
the cone with the base merely by the operation of dropping the cone
over the spring latches which would serve also to effect
self-centering of the cone relative to the base.
Each of the latches 70 is preferably formed of spring steel or
other suitable material, with an upright supporting leg 71 having
an offset foot 72 secured as by welding, for example, to the base
plate 60. The supporting leg 71 is bent back upon itself with a
latching leg 73 turned outward to form a lug 74 and then back to
form a V-shape and with an upturned end 75 welded to the latching
leg 73 at the back face thereof. The portion 74 is V-shaped, with
the sides spaced apart substantially to engage in the slot 76
formed between the upturned lip 63 and the shoulder 64, thus
locking the cone 61 on the base plate 60. However, the connection
is provided through sloping surfaces that will yield to substantial
axial pressure applied to the cone 61 to separate it from the base
plate 60.
The operator then would press the cone 61 downward, causing the
latches 70 to spring inward as the cone is lowered until finally
the outwardly facing lugs 74 on the latches would snap into a
groove 76 around the inside of the base of the cone. The cone could
then be lifted up and moved around with the base, being in a sense,
an integral part of the cone.
The base plate 60 is a few inches longer than the width of the base
62 on the cone 61 so that when the base unit is in place in the
cone, the ends of the plate are visibly extending beyond the cone
base. To remove the base unit from the cone, the operator must only
step on the two ends of the base plate and firmly pull upward on
the cone, causing the latches 70 to snap out of the groove 76,
thereby releasing the base unit from the cone. The base units may
also be stacked one upon the other, perhaps three or four units
high by placing the base plate of a unit on the upper ends of the
spring latches of the next lower unit in the stack.
While the invention has been illustrated and described in certain
embodiments, it is recognized that other variations and changes may
be made therein without departing from the invention set forth in
the claims.
* * * * *