U.S. patent number 3,920,862 [Application Number 05/248,916] was granted by the patent office on 1975-11-18 for process by which at least one stripe of one material is incorporated in a layer of another material.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Eastman Kodak Company. Invention is credited to Rudolph E. Damschroder, Donald J. Hughes.
United States Patent |
3,920,862 |
Damschroder , et
al. |
November 18, 1975 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
Process by which at least one stripe of one material is
incorporated in a layer of another material
Abstract
A process in which a support is moved in a prescribed path and
has at least one layer of a material continuously coated on a
surface thereof. In a specific embodiment of the invention, several
emulsion layers are simultaneously applied to a support. The
laminar flow of each different layer forms with the other layers a
composite flow in which the layers are in a predetermined order and
superposed in contacting relation with each other. A flow of a
recording material, such as a hydrophilic colloid having iron oxide
particles dispersed therein, is introduced as a stripe within the
laminar flow. The composite flow including the stripe is applied to
the surface of the moving support and the stripe extends in the
direction of movement of the support with the exposed surface of
the outermost layer and of the stripe being generally coplanar.
Inventors: |
Damschroder; Rudolph E.
(Sanibel, FL), Hughes; Donald J. (Rochester, NY) |
Assignee: |
Eastman Kodak Company
(Rochester, NY)
|
Family
ID: |
22941242 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/248,916 |
Filed: |
May 1, 1972 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
427/131; 427/420;
430/935; 427/261; 427/411; 430/140 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B29C
48/914 (20190201); G03C 1/74 (20130101); B29C
48/05 (20190201); B29C 48/12 (20190201); B29C
48/08 (20190201); B29C 48/07 (20190201); B29C
48/307 (20190201); B05C 9/06 (20130101); B05C
5/007 (20130101); B29C 48/21 (20190201); B05C
5/008 (20130101); Y10S 430/136 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B29C
47/06 (20060101); B29C 47/88 (20060101); B05C
5/00 (20060101); B05C 9/06 (20060101); B05C
9/00 (20060101); G03C 1/74 (20060101); H01F
010/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;117/235-240,34,43,44
;427/127-132,261,407,420,411 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Other References
IBM Tech. Dis. Bull., Vol. 9, No. 7, Dec. 66, page 779, Friedman et
al., Lubricants For Mag. Rec. Med..
|
Primary Examiner: Martin; William D.
Assistant Examiner: Pianalto; Bernard D.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Seebach; L. F.
Claims
We claim:
1. A process for applying to at least one surface of a support at
least one stripe of a first composition within a flow comprising at
least one second and compatible composition, which comprises the
steps of:
moving the support in a prescribed path;
forming a flow of said second composition directed toward said
support;
while forming said flow, introducing at least one flow of said
first composition as a stripe within said flow to form a composite
flow; and
applying continuously said composite flow to the one surface of
said moving support;
whereby said stripe extends in the direction of movement of said
support and the exposed surfaces of said flow and stripe are
generally coplanar.
2. A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein said applying step
comprises continuously extruding said composite flow onto the one
surface of said support.
3. A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein said applying step
comprises continuously applying said composite flow as a
free-falling curtain to said surface.
4. A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein said first
composition comprises a hydrophilic colloid having a substance in
suspension and said second composition comprises a hydrophilic
colloid.
5. A process in accordance with claim 4 wherein said hydrophilic
colloid comprises an aqueous gelatin solution and the substance in
suspension comprises iron oxide particles.
6. A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein said first and
second compositions are non-aqueous solutions.
7. A process in accordance with claim 6 wherein said first
composition comprises cellulose nitrate and particles of iron oxide
and said second composition comprises clear cellulose nitrate.
8. A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein said first
composition and said second compositions are aqueous solutions.
9. A process in accordance with claim 8 wherein said first
composition comprises a neocuproine solution and said second
material comprises a silver chromate solution.
10. A process for applying to at least one surface of a generally
transparent, flexible support at least one stripe of a first
composition within at least the outermost layer of a number of
layers of different compositions superposed in contacting relation,
which comprises the steps of
moving the support in a prescribed path;
forming a laminar flow of each different composition into a
composite flow directed toward said support in which the laminar
flows are in a predetermined order and superposed in contacting
relation with each other;
while forming said composite flow, introducing at least one flow of
said first composition as a stripe within the laminar flow
constituting the outermost layer relative to said support;
applying continuously said composite flow to the one surface of
said moving support;
whereby said stripe extends in the direction of movement of said
support and the exposed surface of said outermost layer and stripe
are generally coplanar.
11. A process in accordance with claim 10 wherein said composite
flow is applied to the one surface of said moving support as a
free-falling vertical curtain.
Description
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates in general to the coating art, and, more
particularly, to an article of manufacture and to a process by
which at least one stripe of a first composition is applied within
a layer of a second composition that is carried on a surface of a
support. In a particular embodiment, the invention relates to a
process for the manufacture of a photographic element comprising a
support and at least one layer of a photosensitive material and a
recording stripe coated within the layer.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Various methods have been devised to provide a unitary combination
of a recording track and a photosensitive film. One method of
providing for such combination has been to apply a stripe of
magnetic material relative to the image areas on the film after
processing of the latter. The sound is then added to the striped
film. Such a system requires that an additional tape be used;
namely, to record the sound at the time the photographic image is
exposed on the film. Such a system also requires that the recorded
sound be synchronized with the exposure that will produce the
ultimate visual image.
Another method that has been suggested to provide a satisfactory
photosensitive film with a sound track comprises cutting a
longitudinal groove in the film and then depositing a magnetic
sound recording material in the groove. This method is relatively
expensive due to the precision with which the groove must be cut
not only in relation to the thickness of the film but also in
relation to the film image area.
Another method by which a sound track has been added to a strip of
photosensitive film is the application of a stripe of magnetic
material to the back of the film and relative to the image area.
The shortcoming of this method is that the stripe is necessarily
added to the antihalation layer on the back surface of the support,
which is removed during processing of the film with alkaline
photographic developer solutions. As a result, the magnetic stripe
is completely, or at least partially, removed along with the
antihalation layer. This problem was overcome by the method
disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,050,758, wherein the antihalation
layer is removed before applying the magnetic stripe, thereby
permitting the stripe to be adhered directly to the film
support.
Magnetic stripes have also been attached to photosensitive film
using an adhesive. For example, the stripe is deposited on its own
support which, in turn, is adhered to the film. A stripe added in
this way is easily abraded and subject to removal or loosening with
respect to the support. In addition, it has been found the support
on which the magnetic stripe is coated becomes brittle and can have
different expansion characteristics from that of the film base.
Hence, there is a possibility the magnetic stripe will crack and
break away from the film support.
With all of the methods described hereinabove, the primary
disadvantage is that the photosensitive film is thicker at the edge
along which the stripe is located. As a result, uniform winding of
the film is very difficult. In U.S. Pat. No. 3,220,843, this
disadvantage was deemed to be overcome by applying a balance stripe
along the opposite edge of the film. However, with photosensitive
films that are relatively narrow, such as an 8mm film, the use of
such a balance stripe is not only impractical but impossible.
While the prior art does disclose methods by which a photosensitive
film can be striped with spectrally different emulsions, the
stripes are not applied within the outermost emulsion layer nor are
they applied at the same time and simultaneously with the
application of one or a number of emulsion layers to the
support.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the invention to provide a process wherein at
least one layer of a material of a first composition is
continuously applied to at least one surface of a support
simultaneously with at least one stripe of a material of a second
composition arranged within said layer.
It is another object of the invention to provide a process wherein
at least one layer of a material of a first composition is
continuously applied to one surface of a flexible support
simultaneously with a plurality of spaced stripes of a material of
a second composition arranged within said layer.
It is still another object of the invention to provide a process
wherein a number of layers of material of different composition
superposed in contacting relation are continuously and
simultaneously applied to one surface of a flexible, transparent
support with at least one stripe of a material of a second
composition arranged within the outermost layer.
It is yet another object of the invention to provide a process
wherein a layer of silver halide emulsion is continuously applied
to one surface of a flexible, transparent support with at least one
stripe of a compatible sound recording material arranged within
said emulsion layer.
These and other objects and advantages will be apparent to those
skilled in the art by the description which follows of preferred
embodiments of the invention.
The above objects of the invention are attained by a process in
which a support is moved in a prescribed path and has at least one
layer of a material continuously coated on a surface thereof. In a
specific embodiment of the invention, several emulsion layers are
simultaneously applied to a support as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos.
2,761,791 and 3,508,947. The laminar flow of each different layer
forms with the other layers a composite flow in which the layers
are in a predetermined order and superposed in contacting relation
with each other. A flow of a recording material, such as a
hydrophilic colloid having iron oxide particles dispersed therein,
is introduced as a stripe within the laminar flow. The composite
flow including the stripe is applied to the surface of the moving
support and the stripe extends in the direction of movement of the
support with the exposed surface of the outermost layer and of the
stripe being generally coplanar.
With this arrangement of the recording stripe and the process by
which the stripe is arranged within the one emulsion layer, means
for recording information or sound is accomplished which is
unaffected by photographic processing. Since the stripe is inserted
within an emulsion layer during coating, both the stripe and the
layer can be coated simultaneously and continuously and provides an
element or film strip having a generally coplanar or flat surface
that presents no winding problem. With the insertion of a number of
such stripes within an emulsion and arranged in predetermined
spaced relation transversely of the support, the coated material
can be slit longitudinally so as to provide different arrangements
of the recording stripe relative to the edge of the film strip. For
example, the stripe can be arranged along one or both edges, or
centrally of the film strip. In addition, the thickness of the
stripe can be controlled to provide a thinner layer for the
recording of digital information as compared to the recording of
sound.
The present invention is also considered to include within its
scope the article of manufacture derived from the process. The
article per se can take many forms depending on the material to
which the layers are added; for example, a glass sheet or plate, a
sheet, strip or web of paper, or a sheet, strip or web of either an
opaque or transparent flexible material. In the latter case, a
photographic film would not only have to be flexible but also
transparent.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Reference is now made to the accompanying drawings wherein like
reference numerals and characters designate like parts and
wherein:
FIGS. 1 and 2 are enlarged sections of a photographic element
showing a number of layers on a support and the location of several
recording stripes for producing film strips of different widths and
with different locations of the stripes in accordance with the
slitting of the coated support;
FIG. 3 is a schematic, perspective view showing one type of
apparatus by which a plurality of layers of a material can be
applied to a support together with another material for forming a
stripe within the outermost layer;
FIG. 4 is a schematic, perspective view showing a free-falling,
vertical curtain formed by the composite flow of several layers of
different compositions being applied to a support with at least one
stripe of a compatible composition being applied simultaneously
therewith; and
FIG. 5 is a schematic, perspective view of still another
arrangement by which a single layer of a material is applied to a
support with a stripe of another and compatible material being
applied simultaneously and continuously therewith.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring particularly to FIGS. 1 and 2, the element 10 comprises a
support 11 on one surface 12 of which a plurality of layers are
coated. While three layers designated 13, 14 and 15 are disclosed,
only one of such layers need be applied to the surface 12 to
consummate the invention. As is well-known in the photographic art,
the layers 13, 14 and 15 can comprise one or more emulsion layers,
sensitizing layers, light filtering layers, as well as other
layers; and in the case of a color film, such layers may reach a
total of eight or more. Within the outermost layer 15, one or more
stripes 16 of a material or composition compatible with that of the
other layers is applied, as described hereinafter, continuously and
simultaneously with the other layers. In one embodiment of the
invention, the stripe 16 comprises a hydrophilic colloid having
iron oxide particles in suspension for use as a magnetic sound
recording track. As shown in FIG. 1, the stripe 16 has a width w
and the exposed or actual surfaces 17 and 18 of the layer 15 and
stripe 16, respectively, are generally coplanar so as to provide a
surface that is continuous and generally even or flat. The stripes
16 can be spaced transversely of the support 11 by a distance d so
that upon slitting of the finally coated support along lines 19, an
8mm or 16mm film strip can be obtained with a stripe arranged along
one edge thereof. The distance or dimension d will determine the
width of the film strip. In FIG. 2 a stripe 16' is shown that is
twice as wide as the stripe 16 in FIG. 1. In this arrangement, the
finally coated support can be slit along lines 20 to produce a film
strip of width d which can also be either an 8mm or 16mm film strip
in accordance with the overall spacing between stripes 16'. By the
same token, an alternate width of the film strip can be 35mm, or
any other dimension, depending on the predetermined transverse
spacing of the stripes 16.
In the description thus far, the stripes 16 have been considered as
being spaced far enough apart so the layer 15 is divided by the
stripes into widths sufficient to be slit into strips of film.
However, the stripes 16 can be spaced such that the layer 15 is as
wide as the stripe, or even narrower than the stripe. In these
latter cases, the outermost layer would comprise, in effect, a
plurality of stripes, every other stripe being of the same
composition. It is also possible to provide a repetitive series of
stripes, that is a number of stripes each of a different
composition and in a particular order and repeated across the
support; e.g. ABC, ABC, ABC, etc., A, B and C being different
compositions and of the same or different widths. Also, the stripes
A, B and C can be coated directly on a support or simultaneously
and contiguously with a layer of a composition that is applied to
the support. The terms "stripe" and "layer" can, therefore, be
considered as being synonomous. Also, the term "within a layer" is
meant to include side by side when the stripe and divided layer are
applied directly to a support or when the stripe and a divided
layer are applied simultaneously with one or more other layers to a
support.
As will be evident from the examples set forth hereinbelow, the
support 11, as well as the layers and stripes applied to the
support, can be of different materials other than a photosensitive
film. Consequently, the invention is applicable to the production
of a single or multiple striped element for use in fields other
than that of photography, e.g. elements usable in the field of
graphic and digital data storage, of data processing, of medicine,
etc.
With reference to FIG. 3, a three-slide hopper designated by the
numeral 30 is disclosed. This type of hopper is more fully
disclosed and described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,761,791 to T. A. Russell
and relates to a method for coating multiple layers on a support.
However, in order to fully understand the present invention, a
short description of this apparatus follows. In this coating
device, the first coating composition is continuously moved by a
pump 31 into a cavity 32 from which it is extruded through a
narrow, vertical slot 33 onto a downwardly inclined slide surface
34. Likewise, other coating compositions are continuously pumped
into cavities 35 and 36 by pumps 37 and 38, respectively. These
latter compositions are extruded through slots 39 and 40 onto
respective slide surfaces 41 and 42. Each composition forms a
laminar flow which extends lengthwise relative to a drum 43 and
flows by gravity toward the drum. The slide surfaces 34, 41 and 42
are coplanar so that as each laminar flow of each composition moves
along its respective slide surface, it ultimately flows over the
succeeding laminar flow together with one or more preceding laminar
flows. The laminar flows are contiguous to one another and, when
the last flow is joined, a composite flow is applied to the surface
of a support 44 at a line 45 relative to drum 43. This composite
flow is picked up by the support 44 and carried along with the
rotation of the drum 43. The layers are maintained in their
distinct relationship in superposed, contiguous relation throughout
their travel and on being picked up by the support 44 at line
45.
The composition to be introduced as a stripe 50 within the
outermost layer of the composite flow is contained within a
receptacle 51 that is mounted relative to hopper 30 so as to
provide a continuous flow via a tube 52 at one or more
predetermined locations along the outermost layer in a direction
extending parallel to line 45. The introduction of this flow as a
stripe separates the laminar flow of the outermost layer and moves
therewith throughout its flow from the point of formation to the
point of application and carry away by the support 44 at a line 45.
There is relatively little, if any, intermixture of the stripe
composition with that of the outer layer. While only a single,
narrow stripe is shown as being applied to the outer layer in FIG.
3, it should be obvious that the number of stripes can vary in
number, can be of different widths, can be spaced at different
distances, etc., as shown and described hereinabove with respect to
FIGS. 1 and 2. However, as these factors vary, other parameters
will be dependent on such variations, e.g. surfactant balance,
coated speed, etc.
In FIG. 4, a system is disclosed which is similar to that disclosed
in U.S. Pat. No. 3,508,947 to D. J. Hughes and relates to a method
for simultaneously applying to a support a plurality of coating
layers which are first formed into a stable, multi-layer,
free-falling, vertical curtain. In this embodiment of an apparatus
for carrying out the invention, two coating compositions are
disclosed as being applied to a moving web 60. As in the apparatus
disclosed in FIG. 3, the coating compositions are moved into
cavities 61 and 62 by pumps 63 and 64, respectively. The
compositions flow through respective narrow, vertical slots 65 and
66, and, thence, onto downwardly inclined slide surfaces 67 and 68.
The outermost layer flows onto the top of the lower layer to form a
composite flow which moves by gravity along the slide surface 68
without intermixing. The composite flow leaves the lip 69 as a
free-falling, vertical curtain 70. Impingement of curtain 70 on the
moving web or support 60 takes place without intermixing of the
layers and deposits on the support a coating comprising distinct,
contiguously superposed layers. As in FIG. 3, the material or
composition for forming one or more stripes 71 in the outermost
layer of the composite flow is moved into a receptacle 73 by a pump
74 and applied to the layer via a tube 75 in a close proximity to
the slot 66. Such flow of the stripe composition or material
divides the outermost layer without intermixing and forms at least
one requisite stripe. Again, the number, width, spacing, etc., of
the stripes can be varied in accordance with the element size and
use and the width of the support on which the compositions are
being applied or coated.
In FIG. 5 a device is shown for applying a single layer of a
composition to a support 80 carried by a drum 81. Such device is a
modification of one of the embodiments disclosed in the
above-mentioned Russell patent. In this arrangement the material or
composition to be coated on the support 80 is introduced into a
chamber 82 via a number of inlets 83 which are spaced lengthwise of
the chamber 82 so as to form a laminar flow which is extruded from
chamber 82 via a slot 84 extending generally parallel to the axis
of drum 81 and onto the surface of the support 80 at a line
indicated by 85. The material or composition for providing one or
more stripes 86 is also introduced into chamber 82 at the requisite
location of the stripe or stripes via a corresponding number of
inlets 87. The stripe is extruded at slot 84 with the laminar flow
of the other composition and does not intermix therewith. Since the
composition of the layer is introduced at a number of locations
through inlets 83, when more than one stripe 86 is to be applied to
the support, best results are obtained if the layer composition is
introduced on each side of the stripe material. In this way, the
layer composition can flow, upon introduction into chamber 82,
toward and against the stripe composition to insure edge contact
therewith before extrusion from the hopper.
A number of examples are set forth hereinbelow and are illustrative
of different compositions that can be utilized in practicing the
invention. However, the scope of the invention is not to be defined
by the structures and variations shown and described herein. As
pointed out hereinafter, the invention can be practiced with many
different types of compositions and can have many different uses in
accordance with the support and the compositions that are combined
to form the requisite element.
EXAMPLE 1
Three clear gelatin layers were simultaneously coated on a
cellulose acetate support using a multiple slide hopper such as
that as disclosed in FIG. 3. The gelatin layers comprised a first
layer of 4% aqueous gelatin solution at 6 g/ft.sup.2 ; a second
layer of 6% aqueous gelatin solution at 2 g/ft.sup.2 ; and a third
8% aqueous gelatin solution containing 0.2 g/l Triton X-200
surfactant at 1 g/ft.sup.2. The gelatin layers were coated at
40.degree.C and at 40 ft/min from the slide hopper. An iron oxide
stripe comprising as 6% aqueous gelatin solution containing 25 g/l
of an iron oxide (magnetite, Fe.sub.3 O.sub.4) dispersion and 8.8
g/liter of a water soluble blue dye was expelled from a syringe
with an aimed coverage at 1 g/ft.sup.2. The iron oxide stripe was
applied by means of the syringe to the top of the slide surface 42
at the point where the composition emerges from the slot 40 and
flows onto the surface 42. The resulting coating was of clear gel
of approximately 5.mu.m thickness. The dye appeared in a
photomicrograph of the striped area to be equally distributed in
the coating from the support to the surface. The stripe was about
1mm wide with some further diffusion of the water soluble dyes. The
surface was smooth except where the iron oxide particles
(2-3.5.mu.m in size) protruded to some extent. At the 25
mg/ft.sup.2 level of the magnetite, the stripe was capable of
recording a 100 Hertz saturated signal at a 20-30 decibel
signal/noise ratio, a level adequate for recording digital
information. The extent to which the stripe penetrates the other
layers is dependent on the degree of control that can be
accomplished by surfactant balance.
With respect to the above Example, Triton X-200 is a registered
trademark of Rohm and Haas for sodium
p-tert-octylphenoxyethoxy-ethylsulfonate. The water soluble dye is
Bis
[3-methyl-1p-sulfophenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one(4)]pentamethineoxonol.
EXAMPLE 2
An iron oxide stripe was coated within the outermost layer of a
two-layer, free-falling curtain on a polyester support,
substantially as disclosed in FIG. 4. The bottom layer, which
contacts the surface of the support, was coated at 420 cc/min and
was composed of a 10% gelatin solution containing approximately 2
g/l Carey Lea silver. The outermost layer was coated at 210 cc/min
and was composed of a 10% gelatin solution. Both layers contained
1.3 g/l Triton X-200 surfactant. The layers were coated on the
support as the latter was moved at 150 ft/min. An iron oxide
dispersion in poly(vinyl alcohol) was diluted with an equal volume
of water (to 12.5% solids) and was injected by means of a syringe
into the upper layer at a point where the flow exits from slot 66
for flow along surface 67. The resulting stripe was 0.3mm in width
and contained about 400 mg/ft.sup.2 of iron oxide. At 4 in/sec and
a recording frequency of 1000 Hz, the maximum signal/noise ratio
was 35 dB.
EXAMPLE 3
A single layer of a photographic emulsion with a single continuous
iron oxide stripe was coated on a polyester support from an
extrusion hopper of the type shown in FIG. 5. The emulsion, a high
speed, panchromatically sensitized silver bromoiodide in a 6.5%
gelatin solution containing saponin, 560 mg/ft.sup.2 silver and
1025 mg/ft.sup.2 gelatin was pumped into a hopper through a pair of
spaced inlets 83. The iron oxide composition described in Example 1
was dispersed in a 5% gelatin solution containing saponin and was
introduced into the hopper through inlet 87 which was arranged
between the inlets 83. There was no separation in the hopper
between the inlets and the stripe 86 applied to the support within
the emulsion layer, straight and sharply defined, was 4.5mm wide
and contained 990 mg/ft.sup.2 of iron oxide. At 4 in/sec, the
stripe was capable of recording sound of a frequency of 1000 Hz at
a signal/noise ratio of 65 dB. This compares to a signal/noise
ratio of 62 dB for commercially available 16mm sound recording
film.
EXAMPLE 4
A stripe of high speed, panchromatically sensitized, silver halide
emulsion was coated within a layer of the same but not spectrally
sensitized emulsion from an extrusion hopper of the type shown in
FIG. 5. Both emulsion samples contained 6.5% gelatin and saponin
and were coated to provide substantially the same coverage as in
Example 3.
The dried coating was exposed to a tungsten light source in a
sensitometer through a portion of a continuous step wedge with
exposure channels perpendicular to the stripe. The five exposure
channels had (1) no filter, (2) a blue filter combination, (3) a
green filter, (4) a red filter, and (5) a yellow (minus blue)
filter. The film was developed, fixed, washed and dried in a
conventional manner. In the clear and blue channels, where both
emulsions were sensitive, there was essentially no discontinuity in
the exposed channels in the vicinity of the stripe, except for an
expected slight density difference within the striped area due to
spectral sensitization. The light from the other three channels
exposed only the stripe, the edge of which showed a sharp
demarcation from the adjacent unsensitized emulsion at the border
of the stripe. In the unexposed areas, the stripe could be
distinguished only by a very slight increase in fog. The stripe
appeared homogeneous across its width both in the exposed and
background areas.
EXAMPLE 5
A single gelatin layer with a stripe coating a scintillator was
coated on a polyester support from an extrusion hopper of the type
shown in FIG. 5. The stripe, about 8mm in width, showed a bright
fluorescence when illuminated by an ultraviolet source. The stripe
was coated within a yellow dyed gelatin layer containing 40 g/l
(4%) gelatin and 6.8 g/l
bis[3-methyl-1-p-sulfophenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one(4)]methineoxonol.
The stripe contained 29.4 g/l gelatin in which was dispersed 59 g/l
copolymer of butyl acrylate and styrene, 5.3 g/l of
2,5-diphenyloxazole ("PPO") and 0.3 g/l of 2,2'-phenylenebis
(5-phenyloxazole) ("POPOP").
A stripe of this type within a silver halide layer will provide
means for monitoring a direct electron or ultraviolet exposure for
readout of information as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,403,387 to
Boblett and entitled ELECTRON BEAM INFORMATION REPRODUCING
APPARATUS.
EXAMPLE 6
An iron oxide stripe in a cellulose nitrate binder was coated
within a clear cellulose nitrate layer by means of an extrusion
hopper of the type shown in FIG. 5. The stripe composition
contained 48.8 g gamma ferric oxide (Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3), 11.8 g
cellulose nitrate binder and 8.8 g tricresyl phosphate as a
plasticizer in 300 g of a mixture of pentyl acetate,
2-ethoxyethanol and methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) solvents. The clear
layer within which the stripe was applied was composed of 27.3 g
cellulose nitrate in 500 g of a mixture of phenyl acetate and MEK.
The mixtures wee coated at 980 mg/dm.sup.2 (9.1 g/ft.sup.2), the
iron oxide composition through the inlet 87 and the cellulose
nitrate composition through the inlets 83, one each side of inlet
87, at a relative rate such that a sharply defined stripe 4mm wide
was obtained. The total iron oxide in the stripe was 161
mg/dm.sup.2 (1500 mg/ft.sup.2). At 18.3 cm/sec (7.2 in/sec), the
stripe was capable of recording a frequency of 100-1000 Hz at a
signal/noise ratio of 61 dB. This compares to 63 dB for
commercially available, prestriped 16mm movie film.
EXAMPLE 7
Two compositions which are intended to provide a substrate for
chemical spot tests were simultaneously coated side by side, the
second as a stripe between two parts of the first. The first
composition contained for each 100 g of composition 14.8 g of
silver chromate, Ag.sub.2 CrO.sub.4, 0.2 g of a non-ionic
surfactant and sufficient 5% aqueous gelatin to make 100 g of
mixture. The second composition contained for each 100 g of
composition 117 mg copper sulfate, 0.50 g neocuproine 0.12 g
2-amino-2-methylpropanol, and 0.2 g of a non-ionic surfactant and
sufficient 4% aqueous poly(vinylalcohol) to make 100 g of the
mixture. The compositions were coated from a hopper of the type
disclosed in FIG. 5 at 108 mg/dm.sup.2 (10 g/ft.sup.2). Stripes
8-25mm wide were coated by varying the relative amounts of the
first and second compositions which were pumped into the outside
(83) and center (87) inlets, respectively. Under these coating
conditions, some of the neocuporine precipitated on the surface of
the clear poly (vinyl alcohol) layer. There appeared to be only a
slight mixing of the two compositions at the interface between the
coated areas. The silver chromate areas and the neocuproine areas
can be used for the detection of chloride and uric acid in
solutions spotted on the dried coating.
The term "photographic" normally refers to a radiation sensitive
material but not all of the layers necessarily applied to a support
in the formation of a photographic element are, in themselves,
radiation sensitive. For example, subbing layers, filter layers,
antihalation layers, etc. are often applied in combination with
emulsion layers but are not radiation sensitive. The present
invention relates to the application of such layers as well as
other types of layers and the term "composition" as used herein is
intended to include compatible compositions from which layers such
as those described herein can be formed. Moreover, the invention
includes within its scope all radiation sensitive materials
including electrophotographic materials and materials sensitive to
invisible radiation, as well as those sensitive to visible
radiation. As mentioned hereinbefore, other liquid vehicles can be
coated in the manufacture of an element other than a photographic
element, for example, to provide a digital tape or a video tape;
diagnostic test strips, etc. In the practice of the invention,
various types of supports can be used other than those used
strictly as a photographic film base; for example, cellulose
nitrate, cellulose acetate, polyester, paper, glass, cloth, and the
like. The support can be in the form of a continuous web, a strip,
a plate, or a discrete sheet, but in commercial practice it will
most frequently take the form of a continuous web that can be slit
into strips. It should also be noted that a series of stripes of
different composition can be coated in spaced or contiguous as well
as repetitive relation across a support or a layer on a
support.
The invention has been described in detail with particular
reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, but it will be
understood that variations and modifications can be effected within
the spirit and scope of the invention.
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