U.S. patent number 3,918,465 [Application Number 05/543,997] was granted by the patent office on 1975-11-11 for hair curling equipment.
Invention is credited to George Barradas.
United States Patent |
3,918,465 |
Barradas |
November 11, 1975 |
Hair curling equipment
Abstract
A steam curling iron is provided with a set of interchangeable
tubular curling mandrels, each of which is adapted to be slid onto
the curling arm of the iron. The curling arm has an operative
section constituted by a tubular barrel with a row of perforations
in a lower region of the barrel to permit the escape of steam
therefrom. The perforations are normally closed by a valve plate
which is spring-biased to the closed position and which is
displaced to the open position when a mandrel is slid onto the
curling arm.
Inventors: |
Barradas; George (Glenville,
CT) |
Family
ID: |
24170376 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/543,997 |
Filed: |
January 27, 1975 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
132/232;
219/225 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A45D
1/04 (20130101); A45D 4/10 (20130101); A45D
2001/008 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A45D
1/00 (20060101); A45D 4/00 (20060101); A45D
1/04 (20060101); A45D 4/10 (20060101); A45D
002/24 () |
Field of
Search: |
;132/33,31,32,34,37R,39,41R ;219/222,225 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: McNeill; G. E.
Claims
What I claim as my invention is:
1. In combination with a steam curling iron having a curling arm
and a clamping arm, the curling arm having an operative section
constituted by a tubular barrel housing steam generating means, the
clamping arm being adapted in the clamped position to engage a
longitudinally extending upper region of the barrel, and the barrel
having a lower region formed with perforations to permit the escape
of steam therefrom:
i. a valve member mounted within the barrel, the valve member being
displaceable between a first position at which it closes said
perforations to block the escape of steam and a second position at
which it uncovers the perforations,
ii. spring means biasing the valve member to said first
position;
iii. abutment means connected to the valve member,
iv. a tubular mandrel adapted to be mounted on said operative
section of the curling arm, the mandrel having a perforate
cylindrical wall of substantially larger diameter than the barrel,
and being formed with resilient arm engaging means interiorly of
said wall, the arm engaging means being frictionally engageable
with the barrel and slidable therealong, the mandrel further
providing an end portion engageable with said abutment means for
displacing the valve member to the second position when the mandrel
is mounted on said operative section of the curling arm.
2. The combination claimed in claim 1, wherein the mandrel is
formed with a longitudinally extending upper region of arcuate
cross section, the clamping arm being engageable with said region
in its clamped position.
3. The combination claimed in claim 2, wherein the lower region of
the barrel is formed with a longitudinal row of perforations, the
valve member comprising an elongated, longitudinally slidable,
plate of arcuate cross section having a longitudinal row of
perforations adapted to register with the perforations of the
barrel when the valve member is in the second position.
4. The combination claimed in claim 3, wherein the steam generating
means comprises an elongated heating element extending
longitudinally within said tubular barrel, the heating element
being formed with exterior grooves, a tubular housing encasing the
heating element and being spaced from the tubular barrel to define
therewith an intermediate space, the tubular housing having
perforations communicating with the grooves, and means for
supplying treatment liquid to the grooves to be vaporized therein
into steam.
5. The combination claimed in claim 4, wherein the plate member is
formed with a resilient lug which engages the housing of the
heating element and urges the plate member into engagement with the
inner surface of the tubular barrel.
6. The combination claimed in claim 2, wherein the mandrel is
constructed as a cylindrical cage open at one end, the other end of
the cage being closed and having a thimble-like extension
engageable over the end of said tubular barrel, the thimble-like
extension providing an interior projection engageable with said
abutment means for displacing the valve member.
7. The combination claimed in claim 6, wherein the arm engaging
means are constituted by a pair of arcuate, longitudinally
extending, resilient flanges projecting inwards from the interior
of the mandrel wall.
8. The combination claimed in claim 7, wherein the mandrel is a
unitary molding of plastics material.
9. The combination claimed in claim 8, further including at least
one other mandrel having a diameter different from the first and
interchangeable therewith.
10. In combination with a steam curling iron having a curling arm
and a clamping arm, the curling arm having an operative section
constituted by a tubular barrel housing steam generating means, the
clamping arm being adapted in the clamped position to engage a
longitudinally extending upper region of the barrel, and the barrel
having a lower region formed with a row of perforations to permit
the escape of steam therefrom:
i. an elongated valve plate of arcuate cross section mounted within
the barrel, the plate being resiliently urged into engagement with
the inside of the barrel and being longitudinally displaceable
therein between a first position at which it closes said
perforations to block the escape of steam and a second position at
which it uncovers the perforations,
ii. spring means biasing the valve plate to said first
position,
iii. abutment means connected to the valve member,
iv. a plurality of tubular mandrels of different sizes each adapted
to be mounted on said operative section of the curling arm, each
mandrel being a unitary molding of plastics material and being
constructed as a cylindrical cage with a pair of arcuate,
longitudinally extending, resilient flanges projecting inwardly
from the interior of the cage, the flanges being frictionally
engageable with the tubular barrel and slidable therealong, the
cage being open at one end, the other end of the cage being closed
and having a thimble-like extension engageable over the end of said
tubular barrel, the thimble-like extension providing an interior
projection engageable with said abutment means for displacing the
valve member from said first to said second position.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to equipment for curling and setting hair by
means of curling mandrels of different diameters for winding curls
of different sizes. The mandrels are removably mounted on the
curling arm of a curling iron, which may alternatively be used in
the conventional manner. Hitherto, curling mandrels for this
purpose have been of metal, the hair being heated by conduction
from the iron through the mandrel. Although it would be desirable
to use such mandrels in association with steam curling irons, a
serious difficulty is presented by the fact that the quantity of
steam required for setting a curl wound on a mandrel is
considerably greater than the quantity required from a steam iron
used in the conventional manner. Therefore, the user of such an
iron in the conventional manner without a mandrel runs the risk of
being scalded.
An object of the present invention is to provide a steam curling
iron which may be used in association with curling mandrels for
setting curls with the assistance of steam or vapour, or may be
used safely in the conventional manner without mandrels.
According to the present invention there is provided in combination
with a steam curling iron having a curling arm and a clamping arm,
the curling arm having an operative section constituted by a
tubular barrel housing steam generating means, the clamping arm
being adapted in the clamped position to engage a longitudinally
extending upper region of the barrel, a tubular mandrel adapted to
be mounted on said operative section of the curling arm. The
mandrel has a perforate cylindrical wall of substantially larger
diameter than the barrel and is formed with resilient arm engaging
means interiorly of said wall, the arm engaging means being
frictionally engageable with the barrel and slidable therealong.
The tubular barrel has a lower region formed with perforations to
permit the escape of steam therefrom, and houses a valve member
which is displaceable between a first position at which it closes
the perforations to block the escape of steam and a second position
at which it undercovers the perforations, the valve member being
spring-biased to said first position. The mandrel has an end
portion which is engageable with abutment means connected to the
valve member for displacing the valve member to the second position
when the mandrel is mounted on said operative section of the
curling arm.
The combination may include a single tubular mandrel or,
preferably, a plurality of interchangeable mandrels of different
diameters. Preferably the mandrel is a unitary molding of plastics
material.
In order that the invention may be readily understood, one
embodiment thereof will now be described by way of example with
reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the curling iron with a mandrel
mounted on its curling arm;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the mandrel and the end of the
curling arm of the iron;
FIG. 3 is a side elevational view of the curling iron, without the
mandrel, the curling arm being shown in section to show internal
structure;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the operative section of the curling
arm, with a mandrel mounted; and
FIG. 5 is a section on line 5--5 in FIG. 4.
Referring to the drawings, the curling iron comprises a hollow
curling arm having an operative section constituted by a tubular
barrel 10 of circular cross section and a hollow handle portion 11
of plastic. A conventional clamping arm 12 is pivotally mounted on
the curling arm and is spring-biased to the clamped position by a
torsion spring (not shown). The clamping arm 12 is provided at one
end with a plastic handle portion 13, which can be operated by the
thumb of a user holding the handle portion 12, for manipulating the
clamping arm. The clamping arm is shaped to conform to the
cylindrical shape of the barrel 10, and is adapted in the clamped
position to co-operate with a longitudinally extending upper region
of the barrel, when the mandrel is removed.
Extending axially within the tubular barrel 10 is a steam
generating assembly comprising an elongated electric resistance
heating element 14, this being encased within a metal sheath 15
having a number of grooves or channels 16 extending along the
exterior of its lower portion. The encased heating element assembly
14, 15 is in turn encased within a tubular housing 17, the latter
being formed with three longitudinal rows of perforations 18
communicating with the grooves 16 so as to permit the passage of
steam therefrom to an intermediate annular space or chamber 19
between the housing 17 and the interior surface of the barrel
10.
The lower region of the barrel 10 is formed with rows of
perforations 20 to permit the escape of steam from the space 19. In
the configuration shown in FIG. 3, the perforations 20 are closed
by means of a valve or closure member 21, this being formed by an
elongated, longitudinally slidable, plate of arcuate cross section
having a longitudinal row of perforations 22 adapted to register
with the perforations 20 of the barrel when the valve member is in
the closed position. At one end of the valve member is an
upstanding plate 23, to which is connected a headed shank 24, the
shank extending through an end portion 25 of the curling arm 10 and
being biased outwardly by a spring 26 for urging the valve member
21 into its closed position. The valve plate 21 is formed with a
resilient lug 27 which engages the housing 17 of the heating
element and urges the plate member into close engagement with the
inner surface of the tubular barrel 10, as shown in FIG. 3. It will
be seen from FIG. 3 that, when the iron does not carry a curling
mandrel, the iron may be used in the conventional manner.
A tubular curling mandrel 28 is adapted to be mounted on the
operative section of the curling arm of the iron, the mandrel
having a perforate cylindrical wall of substantially larger
diameter than the barrel 10. As shown, the mandrel is constructed
as a cylindrical cage open at one end, the other end of the cage
being closed by an end portion 29. This end portion is provided
with a thimble-like extension 30 which is engageable over the end
25 of the tubular barrel 10. This thimble-like extension also
provides an interior projection 31 which is adapted to abut against
the end of the headed shank 24 and, as the mandrel is slipped onto
the curling arm of the iron, displaces the valve plate 21 from the
closed to the open position. With this configuration steam can
escape through the perforations 20 into the interior of the mandrel
28. When the mandrel is removed, the valve plate is again returned
to its closed position and so the iron can be used safely in the
conventional manner.
The mandrel 28 is preferably formed as a unitary molding of
plastics material. It is formed with a longitudinally extending
upper region 28a of arcuate cross section, this upper region being
imperforate and, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, so positioned that the
clamping arm engages along this region when in the clamped
position. The mandrel is frictionally held on the clamping arm of
the iron by means of a pair of arcuate, longitudinally extending,
resilient flanges 33 projecting inwardly from the mandrel wall, the
flanges engaging opposite sides of the operative section of the
curling arm 10 so that the mandrel is slidable therealong.
The equipment may be provided with a plurality of mandrels 28 of
different diameters, the mandrels otherwise being of the same
construction and being interchangeable with one another.
It is envisaged that the curling iron may be used in a conventional
manner, i.e. without the use of a mandrel, and without the
application of steam or vapour for treating the hair.
Alternatively, the upper region of the barrel 10 may be formed with
a row of perforations of substantially smaller area than the
perforations 20, these perforations permitting the flow of steam or
vapour to the hair when a mandrel is not employed. Since the
perforations 20 are closed in this case, there is no danger of
scalding. It will be noted that, when a mandrel is employed, the
smaller perforations along the upper region of the barrel 10 are
covered by the mandrel.
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