U.S. patent number 3,918,107 [Application Number 05/497,534] was granted by the patent office on 1975-11-11 for grill for swimming pool gutter.
Invention is credited to Jean E. Lewis, George R. Whitten, Jr..
United States Patent |
3,918,107 |
Whitten, Jr. , et
al. |
November 11, 1975 |
Grill for swimming pool gutter
Abstract
The preferred embodiment of a grill for a swimming pool gutter
includes an inner horizontal wall having a series of vertical slots
therein, a slotted handgrip or nose portion, and a slotted
horizontal wall extending away from the nose portion. The grill is
comprised of a series of identical grill members supported in
spaced-apart, parallel relationship, and individually adjustable
closure means are mounted in the vertical slots in the inner wall
to provide a fine adjustment for leveling the skimming action of
the gutter and to provide a means for metering the skimming flow
rate of the gutter. The grill is readily removably mounted to the
gutter.
Inventors: |
Whitten, Jr.; George R.
(Bellingham, MA), Lewis; Jean E. (Holliston, MA) |
Family
ID: |
27022709 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/497,534 |
Filed: |
August 15, 1974 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
|
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414775 |
Nov 12, 1973 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
4/496; 4/510 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E04H
4/1227 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
E04H
4/00 (20060101); E04H 4/12 (20060101); E04H
003/20 () |
Field of
Search: |
;4/172,172.15,172.16,172.17,172.18,172.19,172.21,178
;210/169,210 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Huckert; John W.
Assistant Examiner: Levy; Stuart S.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Thompson, Birch, Gauthier &
Samuels
Parent Case Text
This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 414,775 filed Nov.
12, 1973 now abandoned.
Claims
We claim:
1. A grill for a swimming pool overflow gutter comprising an inner
grill wall which includes means defining a plurality of
spaced-apart openings therein, through which openings water skimmed
from the surface of the pool may pass on its way into the overflow
gutter, adjustable closure means mounted in the spaced-apart
openings to close at least a portion of the openings and to define
an overflow lip for the overflow gutter, and means for mounting
said adjustable closure means for vertical movement in said
openings, whereby vertical movement of the adjustable closure means
changes the height of the overflow lip.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 in which said openings comprise
vertically disposed slots and in which said adjustable closure
means comprises sliders mounted in each of said vertical slots, and
wherein the means for mounting the sliders for vertical movement is
constructed and arranged to allow the sliders to move vertically
independent of each other.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 in which the grill comprises a
plurality of L-shaped grill members each having a vertical leg, a
horizontal leg, and a nose portion located at the junction of and
inter-connecting the legs, and means for supporting said grill
members in spaced-apart, parallel, aligned relationship so that the
vertical legs comprise said inner grill wall and the spaces
therebetween define said spaced-apart openings.
4. The apparatus of claim 3 wherein said openings comprise
vertically disposed slots and in which said adjustable closure
means comprises sliders positioned between adjacent vertical legs
in said slots, and wherein the means for mounting the sliders for
vertical movement is constructed and arranged to allow the sliders
to move vertically independent of each other.
5. For use with a gutter adapted to surround the perimeter of a
swimming pool, the said gutter having a bottom gutter wall and
spaced opposed inner and outer gutter side walls defining a channel
into which overflow water from the pool is received, with the upper
edge of said inner gutter side wall terminating at a level beneath
that of the upper edge of said outer gutter side wall, a grill
assembly cooperating with said gutter walls to enclose said
channel, said grill assembly comprising: a grill side wall
removably mounted on said gutter side wall and extending vertically
upwardly in relation thereto, a top grill wall removably mounted on
said outer gutter side wall and extending horizontally inwardly in
relation thereto, the inner edge of said top grill wall being
joined to and supported by the upper edge of said grill side wall,
said grill walls having openings therein through which water
overflowing from the pool is received in said channel, the openings
in said grill side wall being in the form of elongated slots having
longitudinal dimensions greater than their lateral dimensions, with
said longitudinal dimensions extending vertically to provide a
means of dissipating the energy of surface waves impinging on said
grill side wall.
6. The grill assembly as claimed in claim 5 wherein the openings in
said top grill wall are in the form of elongated slots having
longitudinal dimensions greater than their lateral dimensions, with
said longitudinal dimensions being arranged to extend transversally
between the inner and outer edges of said top grill wall.
7. The grill assembly as claimed in claim 5 further characterized
by protrusions at the junction of said top and side grill walls,
said protrusions providing hand grip means for bathers in the
pool.
8. The grill assembly as claimed in claim 5 further characterized
by adjustable closure means mounted in the openings in said grill
side wall to close at least a portion of said openings and to
define an overflow lip for pool surface water being received in
said channel, said closure means being adjustable vertically in
said openings.
9. The grill assembly as claimed in claim 5 wherein said grill
walls are made up of a plurality of L-shaped members with spacer
means positioned therebetween.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to swimming pools, and more particularly, to
grills or grates for peripheral gutters for use in such pools.
Most of the contaminants that enter a swimming pool come from the
atmosphere and bathers through the surface of the water and many
tend to remain floating thereon. The most effective means for
removing these contaminants from the water is continuous peripheral
skimming by means of overflow gutters placed around the pool. Many
public health authorities require that public pools have
continuously skimming gutters.
A peripheral gutter desirably performs several functions. In
addition to providing a skimmed flow rate sufficient to remove
surface contaminants at an acceptable rate, the gutter should
possess adequate surge and wave quelling characteristics. It will
be appreciated that during periods when there are no swimmers in
the pool, the skimming flow of water to the gutter is constant and
equals a percentage of the rate at which water is recirculated into
the pool. When swimmers enter the pool, however, or when heavy
surges or wave action splash water into the gutters, the amount of
water impinging against the gutter may from time-to-time exceed the
flow capacity of the gutter. If the gutter does not have sufficient
surge capacity, these conditions result in a flooded gutter which,
in effect, would cause contaminated water to flow back into the
swimming pool and cause effective skimming action to cease.
The level of the overflow lip of the gutter should be closely
toleranced to dead level to insure the proper distribution of
skimmed flow from all areas of the pool. The Bishop patent (U.S.
Pat. No. 3,546,719) shows a means for roughly adjusting the height
of the overflow lip of a gutter.
In a pool used for competitive swimming, it is preferred that the
gutters provide a wave quelling action. The swimmers in a race
create waves and turbulence which affect to some extent the speed
of all the racers. The affect is most noticeable upon the trailing
racers who swim into waves created by the leaders, although all
swimmers are affected by their own breast wave when it bounces back
off the end walls of the pool.
In order to minimize the impact of wave action, it is important
that the peripheral gutter dissipate the energy of waves and
turbulence, rather than bounce or deflect them back into the pool.
Pools which incorporate means for quelling waves are sometimes
called "fast" pools. Prior art devices for quelling waves are shown
in the patents to Baker (U.S. Pat. No. 3,668,712), Bishop (U.S.
Pat. No. 3,546,719) and Ellis (U.S. Pat. No. 3,363,767) which
employ an inclined baffle plate located exteriorly of the lip of an
overflow gutter for directing the waves down into the gutter,
rather than bouncing the waves back into the pool. The Vincent
patent (U.S. Pat. No. 3,577,570) employs a slightly inclined beach
or surface to quell waves.
In order to protect against gutter flooding, the Baker gutter
referred to above employs an overflow gutter with horizontally
disposed, constantly open slots in the side wall of an overflow
gutter. The horizontal slots can accommodate a predetermined
maximum of skim flow, with the excess being forced over the top of
the overflow gutter. The Hough patent (U.S. Pat. No. 3,641,594) and
Baker's U.S. Pat. No. 3,668,714 disclose horizontal scupper slots
at a few discreet points around the pool perimeter for establishing
skimmed flow when the water level goes below its normal level.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the invention, an improved grill for a swimming
pool gutter includes an inner, vertical wall or face having a
plurality of spaced-apart, vertical openings or slots therein, and
preferably a nose portion and a generally horizontally disposed
wall extending away from the nose portion. The vertical slots or
openings in the inner wall of the grill preferably include
adjustable closure means, such as sliders, to provide for fine
adjustment of the water level in the pool and to yield a means for
regulating the skimming flow rate of the pool.
The grill is preferably constructed from a plurality of
substantially identical grill members. The grill members are
generally L-shaped and include a horizontal leg, a vertical leg,
and an intermediate nose or lip portion. The grill members are
supported in spaced-apart, parallel relationship so that the
vertical legs define the inner wall of the grill and the spaces
between the legs constitute the vertical openings or slots. The
nose portion of the grill members desirably includes a handgrip
means.
The inner wall of the grill, which essentially is comprised of a
series of elongated vertical openings or slots, has superior wave
quelling and surge controlling properties. It is desirable to
employ means for readily removing the grill from the gutter for
cleaning the gutter and the like.
In accordance with the foregoing, the primary object of the
invention is to provide an improved grill for a swimming pool
gutter.
This and other objects, features and advantages of the invention
will become more apparent as the following description of the
preferred embodiment proceeds with continued reference to the
accompanying drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a section of the preferred
embodiment of a grill in accordance with the present invention
shown mounted to a section of a swimming pool gutter;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2--2 of FIG. 1.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The preferred embodiment of a grill generally indicated by the
reference numeral 10 is shown in FIG. 1 as being readily removably
mounted (in a manner to be described more fully below) over the
opening of a gutter 12. The gutter 12 includes a removable supply
pipe 14 mounted on bracket 16 and return water nozzles 18. The
conduit connecting supply pipe 14 and nozzle 18 is not shown. The
gutter 12 preferably is constructed of stainless steel. It should
be understood that the gutter 12 is normally installed in a
swimming pool (not shown) of concrete or the like and the gutter
preferably is disposed about the entire periphery of the pool.
The grill 10 is comprised of a plurality of generally L-shaped
members 20, each of which includes a vertical leg 22, a horizontal
leg 24, and an intervening nose or handgrip portion 26. The legs 22
and 24 preferably are approximately perpendicular to each other.
The grill members 20 are supported by three connecting rods 28
passing through aligned apertures in the grill members 20 and by
spacer means 30 in spaced-apart, parallel relationship so that the
vertical leg portions 22 define a generally vertically disposed,
slotted, inner grill wall 32. Because of the spaced relationship of
the vertical legs 22, the wall 32 includes a series or plurality of
equally spaced-apart, vertical openings or elongated slots 34
separated by wall portions 36.
The horizontal leg portions 24 define a generally horizontally
disposed, slotted, upper grill wall 38 which extends from the nose
portion 26 away from the center of the pool. The upper grill wall
38, like the inner grill wall 32, preferably includes a plurality
of spaced-apart elongated openings 40. The nose 26 of the grill
members 20 preferably includes handgrip means, such as the
protrusion 41 to provide a convenient place for swimmers to grasp
the edge of the pool.
Adjustable closure means for closing at least the lower portion of
the vertical openings or slots 34 in the inner grill wall 28 are
preferably employed. In the preferred embodiment, the adjustable
closure means comprise sliders 42 disposed between the vertical
legs 22 of adjacent grill members 20 which may be adjustably
positioned at different heights. The sliders 42 shown are molded
articles shaped to slidably fit the contours of the adjacent legs
22. As best seen with reference to FIG. 2, the forward corners of
the legs 22 which face the pool are beveled or inclined at 44 and
keyways 46 are formed in the sides of the legs 22. The sides of the
sliders 42 have complementary configurations whereby each slider is
restrained against any movement other than vertical movement. One
of the connecting rods 28 preferably passes through aperture 48 in
the central portion of the slider 42 (FIG. 1) and a hole 50 is
provided in the inner face of the slider 42 to receive an
instrument, such as a screwdriver, to adjust the height of the
slider 42. The friction between the slider 42 and the legs 22 holds
the sliders in place.
Each slider 42 is preferably adjustable independent from each other
slider so as to provide a fine or hairline adjustment for the
skimming lip over which the water skimmed from the pool flows. This
feature allows for leveling the gutter after its installation and
also provides for subsequently resetting the level of the gutter to
compensate for settling and the like.
The sliders 42 preferably cannot travel to cover completely the
slots 34, but rather the upper limit of their travel is preferably
some distance, say at least 11/2 inches or so, below the lip of the
nose portion 26. This distance is sometimes referred to as the
in-pool surge capacity and functions as a safety factor to guard
against gutter flooding under turbulent water conditions.
The superior wave quelling properties of the invention are believed
to stem from the fact that the inner grill wall 32 provides a
series of elongated, vertical spaces in a wall which first contacts
water being skimmed from the pool before the water contacts any
other mechanical element, such as an overflow lip or deflection
plate. Most preferably, the wall 28 is essentially coplanar with
the wall of the pool to establish a visual reference to the end of
the pool. This configuration tends to slice the wave forms which
impinge against the inner wall 32, whereby the waves are broken up
and their energy dissipated without deflecting the wave back into
the pool. The beveled 44 forward surface of the legs 22 aid in
dissipating the energy of waves striking the wall 32 at an oblique
angle.
The slotted inner grill wall 32, and under circumstances of extreme
turbulence the slotted upper grill wall 38, tend to meter or
restrict the amount of water entering the gutter to a flow rate
lower than the capacity of the gutter to prevent gutter flooding.
The individually adjustable closure means 42 enhance the metering
capability of the invention by enabling any desired number or array
of openings or slots 34 to be closed to skimming flow by raising
the sliders. The invention thus lends itself to pool construction
in which gutter skimming flow rates and distribution patterns may
be preselected and varied by adjusting the pattern of open slots 42
and closed slots 42. The entry adjustment capability just described
controls the influx of water into the gutter to prevent gutter
flooding and to contain surge in the pool while maintaining
continuous surface skimming.
The grill 10 preferably is readily removably mounted to the gutter
12. To this end, the design of the preferred embodiment of the
gutter includes U-shaped channel 52 and bracket 54 such that the
lower ends of the vertical legs 22, and hence the lower edge of the
inner grill wall 32, may be inserted into the upwardly opening
U-shaped channel 52, and the exposed ends of the horizontal legs 24
and hence the exposed edge of the upper wall 38 may be pressed or
snapped into the bracket 54. It should be understood that there may
be a number of other ways to removably mount the grill 10 to a
gutter 12 in addition to an insertable mounting means of the type
just described.
The grill is desirably fabricated of metal, masonry or plastic, and
most preferably from PVC or ABS plastic. A non-metallic grill
construction is preferred because it eliminates the need to comply
with the National Electrical Code requirement that the grill be
grounded. The exposed surface of the upper grill wall 38 is
antiskid. The grill sections may be manufactured in modular lengths
to facilitate manufacture of the grill and its removal from the
gutter.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiment is set forth
solely for purposes of illustration and it is our intention to
cover all modifications and equivalents of the invention which fall
within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
* * * * *