U.S. patent number 3,916,816 [Application Number 05/399,048] was granted by the patent office on 1975-11-04 for highway marker.
This patent grant is currently assigned to FIBCO, Incorporated. Invention is credited to John C. Fitch.
United States Patent |
3,916,816 |
Fitch |
November 4, 1975 |
Highway marker
Abstract
A temporary highway marker and lane delineator which may be
variably loaded to provide a variable vehicle deceleration
capability.
Inventors: |
Fitch; John C. (Falls Village,
CT) |
Assignee: |
FIBCO, Incorporated (Hartford,
CT)
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Family
ID: |
26954732 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/399,048 |
Filed: |
September 20, 1973 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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271170 |
Jul 12, 1972 |
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120655 |
Mar 3, 1971 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
116/63P; 206/515;
40/612; 206/519 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E01F
9/654 (20160201); E01F 9/688 (20160201) |
Current International
Class: |
E01F
9/012 (20060101); E01F 9/011 (20060101); E01f
009/10 () |
Field of
Search: |
;116/28,63,63P
;40/125J,125H ;404/9,10 ;220/10,13,69 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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551,096 |
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Oct 1956 |
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BE |
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1,139,373 |
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Jun 1957 |
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FR |
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Primary Examiner: Capozi; Louis J.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Strauch, Nolan, Neale, Nies &
Kurz
Parent Case Text
This application is a continuation of application U.S. Ser. No.
271,170, filed July 2, 1972 which in turn is a continuation of
application U.S. Ser. No. 120,655 filed Mar. 3, 1971, now
abandoned.
Claims
What is claimed and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:
1. A temporary highway safety marker comprising a generally upright
frusto-conical main body portion having a lower edge adapted to
rest, without attachment, on a supporting surface and an inverted
frusto-conical container portion formed integrally with said body
portion, said container portion being wholly within said main body
portion and having a transverse bottom wall positioned
substantially above the lower edge of said main body portion and
substantially below the upper edge of said main body portion said
container portion being adapted to contain a dispersible mass such
as sand, and the walls of said body portion and said container
portion diverging in a direction toward said lower edge of said
body portion whereby said body portions may be nested in compact
relation.
2. The safety marker according to claim 1 wherein said body portion
and said container portion are integrally joined at their upper
edges.
3. The safety marker according to claim 1, wherein the position of
the dispersible mass in the container portion at the approximate
center of gravity of the average passenger vehicle insures that
errant vehicles striking the safety marker will not be subject to
hazardous vertical moments, either through the dynamic momentum
exchange between the vehicle and the mass in the sand container
portion, or because of the location of an incompressable mass under
the wheels of the vehicle.
4. The safety marker according to claim 1 wherein the main body
portion and the container portion are flexible, the flexibility of
body portion and container portion and the dispersible mass in the
container portion insuring that no integral mass will be projected
through the air as a result of vehicle impact to significantly
jeopardize other road users, either in vehicles or on foot.
5. The safety marker as defined in claim 1, wherein said main body
portion is provided with at least one stepped shoulder intermediate
the top and bottom of said marker, the portion of said main body
above said stepped shoulder being of less diameter than the portion
of said main body below said stepped shoulder.
6. A temporary highway safety marker comprising: a generally
upright main body portion with upwardly convergent profile and
having a lower edge adapted to rest, without attachment, on a
supporting surface and an inverted container portion formed
integrally with said body portion, the container portion in
vertical section having a downwardly convergent profile, said
container portion being wholly within said main body portion and
having a transverse bottom wall positioned substantially above the
lower edge of said main body portion and substantially below the
upper edge of said main body portion, said container portion being
adapted to contain a dispersible mass such as sand, and the walls
of said body portion and said container portion in vertical section
providing a divergent profile in a direction toward said lower edge
of said body portion whereby said markers may be nested in compact
relation.
7. The safety marker according to claim 6, wherein said body
portion and said container portion are integrally joined at their
upper edges.
8. The safety marker according to claim 6, wherein the position of
the dispersible mass in the container portion at the approximate
center of gravity of the average passenger vehicle insures that
errant vehicles striking the safety marker will not be subject to
hazardous vertical moments, either through the dynamic momentum
exchange between the vehicle and the mass in the sand container
portion, or because of the location of an incompressable mass under
the wheels of the vehicle.
9. The safety marker according to claim 8, wherein the main body
portion and the container portion are flexible, the flexibility of
body portion and container portion and the dispersible mass in the
container portion insuring that no integral mass will be projected
through the air as a result of vehicle impact to significantly
jeopardize other road users, either in vehicles or on foot.
10. The safety marker as defined in claim 6, wherein said main body
portion is provided with at least one stepped shoulder intermediate
the top and bottom of said marker, the portion of said main body
above said stepped shoulder being of less diameter than the portion
of said main body below said stepped shoulder.
11. A highway safety device comprising a self-supporting upright
hollow outer portion of circular cross section and having an
upwardly convergent profile to facilitate nesting and an annular
ground engaging edge around its lower end adapted to rest, without
attachment on a supporting surface, and an upwardly open inner
container portion disposed within the outer portion having at its
upper end a supporting connection with the upper end of said outer
portion with the lower portion of the container spaced inwardly
with respect to said outer portion, said container portion being of
such shape as to position a high density dispersible mass therein
at a predetermined distance above said surface for artificially
elevating the center of gravity of the entire device to a height
corresponding substantially to the height of the center of gravity
of the usual passenger vehicle, and said container portions being
composed of synthetic plastic material whereby upon impact as by a
moving vehicle said device is freely displaceable and said
dispersible mass will effectively decelerate said vehicle without
tripping or lifting said vehicle.
12. The safety device according to claim 11, wherein said outer
portion and said inner container portion are peripherally connected
at their upper edge regions.
13. The safety device as defined in claim 11, wherein said outer
portion is provided with at least one stepped shoulder intermediate
the top and bottom of said device, the portion of said outer body
above said stepped shoulder being of less diameter than the portion
of said outer body below said stepped shoulder.
14. A highway safety device comprising a self-supporting hollow
outer frusto-conical portion of circular cross section and an
annular ground engaging edge around its lower end adapted to rest
without attachment on a supporting surface, and an upwardly open
inner container portion disposed within the outer portion having at
its upper end a supporting connection with the upper end of said
outer portion with the lower portion of the container spaced inward
with respect to said outer portion, said container portion being of
such shape as to position a high density dispersible mass therein
at a predetermined distance above said surface for artifically
elevating the center of gravity of the entire device to a height
corresponding substantially to the height of the center of gravity
of the usual passenger vehicle, and said container portions being
composed of synthetic plastic material whereby upon impact as by a
moving vehicle said device is freely displaceable and said
dispersible mass will effectively decelerate said vehicle without
tripping or lifting said vehicle.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
It is frequently necessary to provide temporary highway markers to
delineate temporary traffic lanes for special traffic control or to
guide vehicles around construction sites or temporary hazards.
In the past, two principal types of markers have been employed for
these purposes. Perhaps the most common type of marker is the
familiar 55 gallon steel oil drum. The disadvantages of such drums
have long been recognized. For example, it is well known that the
use of such drums creates in itself a potentially lethal highway
hazard. The drums, when struck by a vehicle, may be thrown hundreds
of feet and may fly into the path of another vehicle and create a
high risk of serious injury to workmen in the area. Because of the
adverse accident history experienced with oil drums, they have been
outlawed in several states, and in other regions their use is
tacitly forbidden.
The second type of temporary highway marker now in widespread use
is a simple cone usually constructed of plastic. While this device
eliminates many of the hazards associated with oil drums,
nevertheless, the plastic cones, because of their small size and
light weight, function only as markers and have essentially zero
capacity for redirecting an errant vehicle or decelerating an
errant vehicle.
Being of small size and obviously light in weight, the small
plastic cones are frequently overrun deliberately by motorists
because they know they can do so without risk of damage to their
vehicles or injury to themselves.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is the principal purpose and object of the present invention to
provide improved highway markers which overcome the above stated
disadvantages of prior devices and which are non-hazardous to
vehicles and to personnel and yet which possess a substantial and
controllable vehicle deceleration or deflection capability.
It is also a principal object of the present invention to present
to the eye of the motorist a hazard marker and/or a traffic lane
delineator of sufficient size to command attention and of
sufficient apparent mass to discourage contact or the risk of
contact, while not actually presenting an object near the travelled
way which could cause significant damage to vehicles or persons who
inadvertently strike them or are in the vulnerable proximity when
they are struck. To summarize the objective, it is to present a
highly visible device which will command attention through its size
and color, command respect through its formidable appearance of
mass, yet will not correspondingly penalize an offending motorist
with damage to his vehicle or risk of injury to his person.
It is also an object of the present invention to provide improved
highway markers which are of uncomplicated construction and which
may be stored, transported and installed with minimum
difficulty.
It is also an object of the present invention to provide improved
highway markers which are durable, impervious to weather and
capable of withstanding rough usage and handling.
In attaining these and other objects the present invention provides
a safety marker which comprises a main body portion essentially in
the form of a truncated cone preferably molded of high density
plastic.
The upper portion of the marker body incorporates a container
adapted to be selectively loaded with a high density mass such as
sand. The markers are nestable and are of lightweight construction
when unloaded so that they may be stored, transported and set up or
moved from a site quickly and easily. When they are loaded with
sand or a similar material, the markers are stable, resist
accidental displacement and possess a substantial vehicle
deceleration capability, a characteristic notably absent from any
prior temporary marker construction.
Additional objects and advantages will become apparent as the
description proceeds.
THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a side elevation of a preferred embodiment of the marker
partially broken away to show details of construction;
FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the marker shown in FIG. 1; and
FIG. 3 is a side elevation of a group of markers stacked for
storage.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now more particularly to the drawings, the highway safety
marker of the present invention, indicated generally at 10, is
preferably of one piece construction and is preferably molded from
a high-density plastic such as polyethelene, which is weather
resistant and possesses sufficient strength to resist light impacts
and withstand repeated handling and rough usage.
The main body 12 of the device is of generally frusto-conical form,
and, in a typical case, has a base diameter of 25 inches, a top
diameter of 19 inches and an overall height of approximately 30
inches. A unit of this size is regarded by the motorist as a
formidable physical object which commands his attention and
respect. To increase their visibility, the markers are preferably
finished in bright colors and may be equiped with stripes or
reflecting paint as is common in the art.
At its lower or base end the marker is provided with a reinforcing
rim 14 to guard against breakage and to assure retention of the
original shape. Formed integrally with the upper edge of the main
body portion 12 is a container portion 126 which is preferably also
of truncated conical form. The container portion 16 has a
frusto-conical wall 18 and a flat bottom wall 20. In a typical case
the diameter of the bottom wall 20 is about 13 inches and is
disposed of at a height of approximately 11 inches above the base
of the marker unit.
The main body portion of the marker, as well as the inner container
portion are of sufficient strength to permit the container portion
to be fully loaded with a high density material, such as sand. The
capacity of the container portion is such that it will accommodate,
when fully loaded, between 200 and 300 pounds of sand. This weight
is sufficient to measurably decelerate an errant vehicle. When the
device is either fully or partially loaded, its center of gravity
is artificially elevated to substantially the height of the center
of gravity of passenger vehicles so that the possibility of
tripping, lifting or overturning an impacting automobile is
virtually eliminated. Similarly, the location of the center of
gravity and the materials used in the unit virtually eliminate the
possiblity that an integral mass of hazardous magnitude will be
projected through the air, which is a common occurrence in
connection with the steel drums ordinarily used as highway
markers.
If the marker is to be used only as a delineator, one or two small
bags of sand 24 placed in the container portion will hold it in
place. The container portion can be additionally loaded as required
to impart the desired deflection or deceleration capability to the
marker. Since the container portion accommodates bags of sand, the
nuisance of shoveling, containing, transporting and storing loose
sand is eliminated.
To facilitate stacking or nesting of the units as shown in FIG. 3,
they are provided with a shoulder 22 which limits movement of one
unit into the other to prevent the units from being wedged
together.
Series of the nested units may be transported by truck to the site
where they are to be used, the truck also being partially loaded
with bags of sand of appropriate size, for example, 50 pounds. The
units may be positioned as required and loaded with sand as
necessary to assure that the units will be held in position or to
provide the required deceleration capability required at the
particular site. Since the walls of the unit are transluscent, they
may be provided with interior lighting, as may be required for
night use.
The invention may be adapted by brackets to carry exterior flashing
lights, standard road signs or boards of, for instance, 8 foot by 1
foot width, to create a continuous barricade with the board ends
attached from marker to marker.
The invention may be embodied in other specific forms without
departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The
present embodiment is therefore to be considered in all respects as
illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being
indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing
description, and all changes which come within the meaning and
range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be
embraced therein.
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