U.S. patent number 3,916,644 [Application Number 05/494,235] was granted by the patent office on 1975-11-04 for dehumidifier with a plate-type evaporator.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Linde Aktiengesellschaft. Invention is credited to Gamal El Din Nasser.
United States Patent |
3,916,644 |
Nasser |
November 4, 1975 |
Dehumidifier with a plate-type evaporator
Abstract
A dehumidifier has a closed heat-pump circuit with a blower
arranged to pass a stream of air through a passage in the
dehumidifier in which both the condenser and evaporator exchangers
are provided, with the evaporator exchanger upstream of the
condenser exchanger. The evaporator exchanger is formed as a
plate-type heat exchanger which comprises a stack of like
corrugated plates arranged in pairs in a stack. The plates of each
pair are mirror symmetrical about a plane passing through the
interface between the pairs and therefore define a plurality of
parallel and generally horizontal passages through which the humid
gas is passed. The corrugations of each plate are parallel to and
offset from the corrugations of the immediately adjoining plate of
the next pair by a distance equal to half a corrugation width so
that there is formed between each pair a vertical generally
sinusoidal flat passage through which the coolant is passed. In
addition each plate is formed with generally vertical ridges which
lie against similar ridges of the plate of the immediately
adjoining pair so as to space each pair rigidly from the adjoining
pairs. The plates are all made of chromium steel and an aluminum
foil is provided at the interface between each pair of plates and
is formed with laterally extending V-shaped projections that serve
to catch drips and lead them to the bottom of the evaporator whence
they are carried away from the dehumidifier.
Inventors: |
Nasser; Gamal El Din (Puchheim,
DT) |
Assignee: |
Linde Aktiengesellschaft
(Wiesbaden, DT)
|
Family
ID: |
5889130 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/494,235 |
Filed: |
August 2, 1974 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
Current U.S.
Class: |
62/428; 62/90;
165/166 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F24F
3/1405 (20130101); F28D 9/0037 (20130101); F25B
39/022 (20130101); E01H 13/00 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
E01H
13/00 (20060101); F24F 3/14 (20060101); F28D
9/00 (20060101); F25B 39/02 (20060101); F24F
3/12 (20060101); F25D 017/06 () |
Field of
Search: |
;62/90,173,291,428
;165/166 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Wye; William J.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Ross; Karl F. Dubno; Herbert
Claims
I claim:
1. A dehumidifier comprising:
a housing forming a passage having an inlet and an outlet;
means for passing a current of humid gas through said passage from
said inlet to said outlet;
a plate-type evaporator in said passage traversed by said
current;
a plate-type condenser in said passage traversed by said current
after it has passed through said evaporator, said evaporator and
said condenser being connected in a closed coolant circuit;
pump and valve means in said circuit for compressing a coolant
fluid and feeding same to said condenser and thereafter feeding
same to said evaporator, said evaporator being formed of a stack of
generally similar and generally planar plates each formed with a
plurality of regular corrugations having crests spaced from the
plane of the respective plate and valleys at the respective plane,
said plates being disposed in pairs with the valleys of one plate
of each pair turned inwardly toward and registering with the
valleys of the other plate of the pair, whereby a plurality of
parallel passages are formed between the plates of each pair
between the corrugations thereof, the crests of each plate turned
toward plate being in line with the valleys thereof, whereby a
plurality of nonstraight passages transverse to said parallel
passages are formed between confronting plates of adjoining pairs,
each of said plates being formed with a plurality of ridges
projecting from the respective plate plane and abutting a
respective ridge of the adjoining plate of the neighboring
pair.
2. The dehumidifier defined in claim 1, wherein said evaporator
further comprises a thin metallic foil sandwiched between the
plates of each pair.
3. The dehumidifier defined in claim 2 wherein said foil is formed
with a V-shaped projection at each of said ridges.
4. The dehumidifier defined in claim 1 wherein said passages are
each formed with a narrow waist between said ridges, said waists
constituting restrictions in said passages.
5. The dehumidifier defined in claim 1 wherein said pump and valve
means are connected through said nonstraight passages for forcing
said fluid therethrough, said humid gas being passed through said
parallel passages.
6. The dehumidifier defined in claim 1 wherein said passages are
inclined to the horizontal, said dehumidifier further comprising
means for collecting condensate from the lower edges of said
plates.
7. The dehumidifier defined in claim 1 wherein said condenser is
substantially identical to said evaporator.
8. The dehumidifier defined in claim 1 wherein said pump and valve
means are provided in said housing.
9. The dehumidifier defined in claim 8 wherein said means for
passing a current of gas is a fan in said passage.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a dehumidifier. More particularly
this invention concerns such a dehumidifier having a closed
heat-pump circuit with an upstream evaporator and a downstream
condenser arranged in a passage.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
It is known to dehumidify air or a similar gas by passing a stream
of this gas first through a cool heat exchanger which condenses the
moisture out of the gas, then by passing it through another heated
heat exchanger which returns the gas to its original temperature.
This is most simply done by means of a closed-circuit heat pump,
wherein the upstream cooled heat exchanger is the evaporator coil
and the downstream heated heat exchanger is the condenser coil. An
expansion valve is provided on one side between the evaporator and
the condenser and a compressor is provided on the other side in the
closed circuit.
The evaporator is conventionally a simple tube-type heat exchanger
wherein the tubes are provided with ribs or fins for maximum
heat-exchange surface. In additon such a evaporator is provided
with a separator that catches the liquid condensed from the stream
of air and channels it to an outlet drain. Such tube-type
exchangers require a relatively large flow cross section in order
to obtain sufficient heat exchange so that the dehumidifier must be
relatively bulky aand is expensive to manufacture. In addition it
is necessary to construct such arrangements out of
corrosion-resisting materials, such as expensive chromium-steel
alloys, in order to prevent the already expensive evaporator from
being rapidly destroyed. Thus the device is quite expensive.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an
improved dehumidifier.
Another object is the provision of such a dehumidifier which is
relatively compact and inexpensive.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
These objects are attained in a dehumidifier of the above-described
general type wherein the evaporator is a plate-type heat exchanger.
Such an arrangement considerably reduces the overall cost of the
dehumidifier and at the same time allows it to be built much
smaller as the heat-exchange surface area in a plate-type heat
exchanger is considerable. In addition the plate construction of
such an arrangement eliminates the necessity for providing
particular water-separation means as has hitherto been the
case.
In accordance with further features of the invention the plates are
arranged in pairs with the corrugations of each plate being in line
with those of the other plate of the pair, that is with their
valleys in line and registering so as to form parallel humid-gas
passages. In addition the corrugations of all but the two end
plates are offset by half a corrugation width from the adjacent
plate of the neighboring pair so that nonstraight transverse
passages are formed for the coolant. In addition ridges transverse
to the parallel passages are formed on the plates which bear on
similar ridges of adjoining plates to keep the plate pairs spaced
apart across the nonstraight passages.
Such an arrangement allows relatively large pressure differentials
to exist between the coolant passages and the air passages without
any possibility of leakage. Similarly, the use of only a single
plate shape allows the device to be fabricated relatively
inexpensively. Thus a plurality of identical plates are stamped out
of stainless steel or the like and are thereafter properly arranged
and soldered or welded into a stack that forms a very compact and
efficient heat exchanger. The air passages through such an
exchanger are relatively large compared to the overall size of the
unit so that good cooling and condensing is obtained.
In accordance with another feature of this invention there is
provided between each pair and the adjoining pair a thin metallic
foil which lies in good heat-conducting contact with both of the
pairs so that it forms a secondary heat-exchange surface. In a
normal heat-pump arrangement the pressure inside the fluid passages
of the condenser will be much greater than that in the air passages
so that this thin foil will be clamped tightly in place.
According to another feature of this invention the foil is formed
with a plurality of V-shaped projections which extend into the air
passages of the plate pairs so as best to make the air flow through
the apparatus turbulent and at the same time to catch condensed
vapor and conduct it to an outlet at the bottom of the
exchanger.
Thus in accordance with this invention the passages for the air
being dehumidified are generally straight and the passages for the
cooling fluid are nonstraight, here generally sinusoidal.
According to this invention V2A steel is used for the
heat-exchanger plates and aluminum is used for the foil and the
projections thereon. In accordance with another feature of this
invention the transverse passages are inclined relative to the
vertical and/or the parallel flow passages are inclined relative to
the horizontal so that water separated from the air in the latter
passages is collected on the edges of the pairs of plates and can
be conducted out of the apparatus. This eliminates the use of a
complicated droplet separator as has been known hitherto.
According to yet another feature of this invention the condenser
and evaporator are both identically formed, thereby again reducing
fabrication costs of the dehumidifier.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
The above and other objects, features, and advantages become more
readily apparent from the following description, reference being
made to the accompanying drawing in which:
FIG. 1 is a side longitudinal section, partly in diagrammatic form,
of a dehumidifier according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the evaporator according to this
invention; and
FIGS. 3 and 4 are sections taken along the lines III--III and
IV--IV of FIG. 2, respectively.
SPECIFIC DESCRIPTION
As shown in FIG. 1 a dehumidifier comprises a housing 1 formed with
a passage 9 having an upstream inlet 6 and a downstream oulet 7 and
provided with a plate-type evaporator 2 and a plate-type condenser
4. A fluid is pumped by a compressor 3 in the direction indicated
by arrows 26 into the condenser 4 whence it flows through an
expansion valve 5, and expands in the evaporator 2. Thereafter the
fluid again flows in the closed circuit back to the compressor 3
and the cycle is completed. A fan 10 driven by a motor 16 serves to
draw air as shown by arrows 8 in the inlet 6 and expel it from the
outlet 7. Water condensed from the air stream is drawn out of the
apparatus at 11.
Thus the air stream is cooled in the evaporator 2 and the moisture
therein is stripped therefrom. Thereafter the same air stream is
heated in the condenser 4 and expelled from the apparatus at
substantially the same temperature it entered.
The evaporator 2, shown in side view in FIG. 2, comprises a stack
of like corrugated plates, four of which are shown at 12-15 in
FIGS. 2-4. These plates are arranged in pairs 12, 13 and 14, 15
with each plate being mirror symmetrical to the other plate of the
pair across a plane P lying at the interface between the two
plates. Thus the valleys of the corrugations of each plate lie
against the valleys of the other plate of the respective pair. Each
of the plates 12 and 14 is offset by a distance d equal to one-half
of the corrugation width D from the other plate 13 and 15
respectively, so that the crests of each plate are aligned with the
valleys or troughs of the plate of the neighboring pair.
The edges of the plates 12-15 are here alternately connected with
the edge of one or the other of the respective neighboring plates
by means of welded seams 27. The corrugations of one plate pair 12,
13 and 14, 15 are so arranged relative to each other that flow
passages 18 are formed between the plates through which humid air
flows according to arrows 8.
Transverse to these parallel passages 18 there are transverse
ridges or crests 19 stamped in the plates 12-15 which connect the
parallel passages 18 with one another and allow the plates 13 and
14 of the pairs 12, 13 and 14, 15 to abut one another firmly. Thus
additional support devices between neighboring plate pairs such as
spacer bars or the like are not needed.
Between the plates 12-15 of the plate pairs 12, 13 and 14, 15 thin
foils 20 are inserted which are made of aluminum and 0.2 mm thick.
The foils 20 are formed in the passages 19 with V-shaped
projections 21 which create turbulence and catch drops. The water
caught on the projections 21 flows by gravity downwardly and
collects in the lowermost passage 22 parallel to the passages 18
and is there caused to run out of the machine as shown by arrow 23.
A wall 28 perpendicular to the flow direction 8 and downstream of
the passage 22 serves to catch this water and connect it to the
water outlet 11 as shown in FIG. 1.
In this case the transverse passages 19 and the parallel passages
18 are inclined relative to the vertical and horizontal, indicated
by dot dash lines V and H respectively, so that the water flows off
them.
In order to improve the separation of the water from the air stream
the parallel passages 18 of the plates 12-15 are somewhat deeper in
the region of the transverse passages 19 so that here a narrowed
flow cross section 24 exists such that the flow is directed against
the V-shaped projections 21. Between neighboring plate pairs 12, 13
and 14, 15 sinusoidal passages 25 are formed through which the
cooling fluid flows from the expansion valve 5 according to arrows
26. The cooling fluid draws heat out of the plates 12-15 and the
foil 20 with the projections 21 and thereby condenses liquid out of
the humid gas passing through the evaporator 2. This produces cold
and dry air. Thereafter the cooling fluid is compressed and heated
up so that it serves to heat the condenser 4 and thereby warms up
the cold and dry air so as to produce warm dry air approximately
the same temperature as the input air.
* * * * *