U.S. patent number 3,916,151 [Application Number 05/433,243] was granted by the patent office on 1975-10-28 for electric radiation and convection heater for domestic use.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Gachot S.A.. Invention is credited to Georges Reix.
United States Patent |
3,916,151 |
Reix |
October 28, 1975 |
Electric radiation and convection heater for domestic use
Abstract
An electric convection and radiation heater for domestic use has
a series of heating resistors completely embedded in a solid heat
conducting material which adheres to the surface of trapezoidal
corrugations of a convection and radiation plate. Each resistor
comprises a single length of wire positioned at the summit of a
corrugation and coextensive in length therewith. The heat
conductive material fills only a minor portion of the depth of each
corrugation in covering relation to the resistor therein. The heat
conductive material can comprise a hardenable binder such as an
epoxy resin containing at least 60 percent by weight of graphite,
copper or aluminum powder. The bases of the corrugations are spaced
apart a distance greater that the width of the summits.
Inventors: |
Reix; Georges (Grenoble,
FR) |
Assignee: |
Gachot S.A.
(Soisy-sous-Montmorency, Val d'Oise, FR)
|
Family
ID: |
9114168 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/433,243 |
Filed: |
January 14, 1974 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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Feb 1, 1973 [FR] |
|
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73.03523 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
392/375; 165/49;
165/131; 165/180; 165/905; 219/530; 219/542; 338/253; 392/440 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H05B
3/50 (20130101); F24C 7/062 (20130101); Y10S
165/905 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F24C
7/06 (20060101); F24C 7/00 (20060101); H05B
3/42 (20060101); H05B 3/50 (20060101); H05B
003/00 (); F24H 003/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;219/345,342,377,375,376,365,530,540 ;165/49,56,131 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Bartis; A.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Young & Thompson
Claims
What I claim is:
1. An electric heater for domestic use comprising a corrugated
metallic radiation and convection element, and a series of electric
resistors in the corrugations of said element, each resistor being
completely embedded in a solid heat-conducting material which
adheres to the surface of the corrugations of said element in the
immediate vicinity of said resistor, said element comprising a
plate having corrugations of substantially trapezoidal cross
section each formed by a pair of convergent generally planar flanks
joined by a generally planar summit portion, a resistor comprising
a single length of wire positioned at the summit of each of said
corrugations and coextensive in length with the length of the
corrugations, said heat-conductive material filling a minor portion
of the depth of each corrugation in covering relation to the
resistor therein with the remainder of the corrugation being free
of said heat-conducting material so that the surfaces of the flanks
are exposed.
2. An electric heater as claimed in claim 1, the portions of said
plate between two successive corrugations being wider than said
summits.
3. An electric heater as claimed in claim 1, said heat conducting
material consisting essentially of at least 60 percent by weight of
a heat conducting powder in a hardenable binder.
4. An electric heater as claimed in claim 3, said binder being an
epoxy resin.
5. An electric heater as claimed in claim 3, said powder being
selected from the group consisting of graphite, copper and
aluminum.
Description
This invention relates to an electrical appliance for domestic
heating by radiation and by convection.
Electric heating units are already known in which the energy is
supplied by electric resistors placed within an enclosure which is
filled with a liquid such as oil, said enclosure being provided
with external fins in order to ensure heat release by radiation and
convection. These units are often designed in the form of mobile
radiators but require a leak-tight enclosure for the oil and are
usually rather bulky.
The aim of the invention is to overcome these disadvantages while
ensuring good heat transmission between the electric resistors and
the radiant elements and/or convectors which serve to release the
heat.
In accordance with the invention, the electric heater for domestic
use which comprises a metallic radiation and convection element and
a series of electric resistors placed in the vicinity of said
element is characterized in that each electric resistor is embedded
in solid heat-conducting material which adheres to the surface of
the radiation and convection element in the vicinity of said
electric resistor.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the radiation and
convection element comprises a metal plate which is provided with
projecting corrugations having a substantially trapezoidal
cross-section, the electric resistors being placed in the vicinity
of the summits of said corrugations.
Since the transmission of heat between the electric resistors and
the radiation and convection element is ensured by means of solid
material, there is no need to provide a leak-tight enclosure. The
heater can have a very small thickness and its weight is
appreciably reduced in comparison with heaters of the prior
art.
Further characteristic features of the invention will become
apparent from the following description and from a study of the
accompanying drawings which are given by way of non-limitative
example and illustrate one form of construction of the heater in
accordance with the invention, and in which:
FIG. 1 is a front view in elevation showing a heating unit in
accordance with the invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II--II of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a view to a larger scale showing a portion of FIG. 2.
The heater in accordance with the invention and illustrated in
FIGS. 1 to 3 essentially comprises a radiation and convection
element 7, electric resistors 8 and a system 10 for establishing a
thermal bond between said resistors and the element 7.
The radiation and convection element 7 is constituted by a metal
plate which is provided with projecting corrugations having a
substantially trapezoidal cross-section and formed by two
convergent flanks 11 (as shown in FIG. 3) and by a summit portion
9. The portions 13 of the plate 7 which lie between two successive
corrugations have a width D which is greater than the width d of
the summits 9 of the corrugations.
Insulated electric resistors 8 are placed within the corrugations
in the vicinity of their summits 9. It will readily be understood
that all the resistors 8 aforesaid are joined to each other at both
ends and connected to a current supply point (not shown) through a
thermostat 14.
The resistors 8 are embedded in solid heat-conducting material 10
which adheres to the summits 9 and to the flanks 11 of the
corrugations of the plate 7 in the vicinity of the resistor 8.
By way of example, the material 10 can be constituted by a
heat-conducting powder such as a graphite, copper or aluminum
powder and by a hardenable binder such as an epoxy resin, the
quantity of heat-conducting powder being such as to represent at
least 60 percent of the mixture.
In order to carry out the embedding of the resistors 8, there can
be advantageously be employed a multiple injection pump which is
first loaded with the desired quantity of material 10 in the state
of paste. The initial operation consists in injecting a first
quantity of material 10 into the summit portions 9 of the
corrugations of the plate 7. The resistors 8 are then placed in
position and the remainder of the material 10 contained in the pump
is then injected. By means of this technique, the total quantity of
material 10 injected can readily be controlled.
Having once hardened, the material 10 maintains the electric
resistors 8 in position and ensures excellent transmission of heat
between said resistors and the corrugations of the plate 7, with
the result that the summit portions 9 and the adjacent portions of
the flanks 11 are brought substantially to the same temperature
during operation.
The radiation and convection plate 7 is maintained within a frame
formed by four U-section casings 1 to 4.
To this end, the plate 7 is folded-back at both ends so as to form
two U-section flanges 21, as shown in FIG. 2. The lateral casings 2
and 3 engage over said flanged ends 21 and also engage over the top
and bottom casings 1 and 4 as can be seen in FIG. 2, thus ensuring
rigidity of the assembly. The casings 1 to 4 as well as the flanged
ends 21 of the plate 7 are provided with ribs 22 which ensure
snap-on engagement of the casings.
In order to permit heat distribution by convection, the top casing
4 and bottom casing 1 are pierced by a series of apertures 5, as
shown in FIG. 2.
The heating unit thus formed is therefore of very simple
construction and of very small thickness in comparison with known
radiators of the oil-both type. Moreover, there is no problem of
leak-tightness and the weight as well as the cost price of the unit
are appreciably lower than those of known radiators.
It is readily apparent that the invention is not limited to the
embodiment which has just been described and many alternative forms
of execution of this latter may accordingly be contemplated without
thereby departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, a
large number of formulae for hardenable mixtures which are known to
those versed in the art are open to selection for the formation of
the heat-conducting material 10.
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