U.S. patent number 3,913,712 [Application Number 05/475,140] was granted by the patent office on 1975-10-21 for rail structure.
This patent grant is currently assigned to DEMAG Aktiengesellschaft. Invention is credited to Klaus Becker, Hartwig Sprung.
United States Patent |
3,913,712 |
Becker , et al. |
October 21, 1975 |
Rail structure
Abstract
Disclosed herein is an improved structure for flexibly
supporting electric rails (reaction rail or "secondary," current
energizing rail for vehicle mounted electrolinear motor, "stator"
or primary, and safe distance signal rail) from main monorail
girders. The new structure includes resilient vibration absorbers
for silencing and for reducing noises generated by the travel of
railway vehicles over a monorail of the hollow girder type. The
vibration absorbers accommodate the proper and continuous alignment
of the electric rail carried by the support structure, by means of
limited displacement of the support structure with respect to the
main monorail girder.
Inventors: |
Becker; Klaus (Wetter,
DT), Sprung; Hartwig (Wetter, DT) |
Assignee: |
DEMAG Aktiengesellschaft
(Duisburg, DT)
|
Family
ID: |
5884613 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/475,140 |
Filed: |
May 31, 1974 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Jun 20, 1973 [DT] |
|
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2331476 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
191/32; 238/283;
174/42 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B60M
1/307 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B60M
1/00 (20060101); B60M 1/30 (20060101); B60M
001/30 () |
Field of
Search: |
;248/15,20,21,22,54R
;238/283 ;174/42 ;191/32,40,41,42 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: King; Lloyd L.
Assistant Examiner: Keen; D. W.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Mandeville and Schweitzer
Claims
We claim:
1. A support system for continuous contact electric rails of a rail
system, comprising
a. a support for said rail system;
b. a rail support plate disposed substantially parallel to but
spaced apart from said rail system support;
c. a plurality of mounting bore holes in said rail support
plate;
d. a plurality of resilient vibration absorbers extending between
said rail system support and said rail support plate accommodating
relative orientation therebetween;
e. a plurality of bolts passing through said vibration absorbers,
said mounting bore holes, and said rail system support; and
f. said resilient vibration absorbers surrounding said bolts for
individually adjusting the spacing between said rail system support
and said rail support plate for said relative orientation
therebetween.
2. A support in accordance with claim 1, in which
a. a plurality of vibration absorbers sandwich the plate means
therebetween.
3. A support in accordance with claim 1, in which
a. each of said vibration absorbers have integral projections
extending into said bore holes defined in said support plate.
4. A support in accordance with claim 1, in which
a. said bolts are provided with torsion stops for locking pressure
nuts.
5. The support of claim 1, which includes
a. a plurality of rail supporting brackets disposed on said support
plate; and
b. a vibration absorber disposed between each said rail support
bracket and said rail support plate.
6. A support in accordance with claim 5, in which
a. part of said brackets are provided for "safe distance" rail
means.
7. A support in accordance with claim 1, in which
a. said bore holes are enlarged in the form of vertical slots.
8. A support in accordance with claim 1, in which
a. said vibration absorber is a cast in-situ elastomeric
compound.
9. A support for electric rails to be fastened to a hollow monorail
girder including
a. a rail support plate means having mounting bores therein;
b. at least one elastic vibration absorber spacing said support
plate means from said girder and accommodating the orientation of
the support plate means with respect to the monorail girder;
c. bolt means passing through said vibration absorber and support
plate means;
d. a lowermost vibration absorber engaging and supporting the
bottom portion of said support plate means;
e. a threaded jackscrew inserted into a thread formed in said
support plate means for selectively adjusting the heighth of said
lowermost vibration absorber; and
f. said jackscrew resting on said lowermost vibration absorber.
10. A support for electric rails to be fastened to a hollow
monorail girder including
a. a rail support plate means having mounting bores therein;
b. at least one elastic vibration absorber spacing said support
plate means from said girder and accommodating the orientation of
the support plate means with respect to the monorail girder;
c. bolt means passing through said vibration absorber and support
plate means;
d. said vibration absorber is a cast in situ elastomer compound;
and
e. a damping plate located between said support plate means and
said monorail girder.
11. A support for electric rails to be fastened to a hollow
monorail girder including
a. a rail support plate means having mounting bores therein;
b. at least one elastic vibration absorber spacing said support
plate means from said girder and accommodating the orientation of
the support plate means with respect to the monorail girder;
c. bolt means passing through said vibration absorber and support
plate means;
d. a central trunk and lateral, spaced apart arms on said support
plate means; and
e. said arms on one side of said trunk are vertically offset with
respect to the arms of the other side.
12. A support in accordance with claim 11, in which
a. insulator means for sliding lines and secondary rails are
attached to said arms.
13. A support in accordance with claim 12, in which
a. said secondary rails pivot about their longitudinal axes with
respect to said support plate means.
14. A support in accordance with claim 13, in which
a. said secondary rail is T-shaped and its flanges are attached to
the support plate means by a pair of bolts;
b. a washer on one of the bolts for pivoting the web of said
secondary rail with respect to said support plate.
15. A support in accordance with claim 13, in which
a. said secondary rail, on the side facing the support plate means,
is grooved parallel with and on the same level as the web of said
secondary rail;
b. a T-shaped connector extends into the groove at the ends of
consecutive secondary rails.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Girders with electric rails for current pickup have been disclosed
in German patents 1,071,745; 1,100,751; and DT-OS 1,615,537. These
deal with small rails where precise manufacturing is not too
difficult. Moreover, these small rails do not present any noise
problems from vibrations caused by the current pickup carriage.
Specifically, Germant patent DT-OS 1,513,337 suggests cementing
continuous plastic insulators for sliding lines onto the web or
flange of I-shaped and box-profile girders. Such a continuous
insulating member can be effectively applied to a girder only if
the base surface is smooth, as is the case with rolled girders or
with girders where the webs and flanges are constructed of
sufficiently thick plate.
Girders for supporting vehicles in "local transit" systems of the
monorail type are usually made of relatively thin-walled metal
weldments. The welding during manufacture often causes the thin
metal plate to warp, bend, otherwise to become distorted;
therefore, supports for electric rails cannot be attached directly
to such weldment girders, since the electric rails would not be
properly alignable with the vehicle path. Moreover, since hollow
girders have extensive surface areas, and are or tend to be sound
resonators, great care must be taken and provisions must be made to
avoid vibration and resulting noise caused by the interaction of
vehicle pickup carriages and the girder.
SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
It is a primary object of the invention to reduce noise and
facilitate electric rail alignment in hollow monorail girders, and
to that end, to mount support plates for fastening electric rails
to a weldment girder in a flexible and vibration absorbing manner.
This is achieved by attaching each support to the monorail girder
through interposed resilient vibration absorbers, which facilitates
proper alignment of the electric rails (sliding contact lines,
secondary rails for electrolinear motors, and "safe-distance" lines
or signal rails) by limited displacement of the support plates with
respect to the girder. If the web plate of the main monorail girder
adjacent the support is distorted and does not, therefore, run
parallel with the path of the electric rails, the support may be
tilted by the rails, through the movable or flexible attachment,
thus assuring a smooth, proper, and aligned course of the electric
rails, although the monorail girder web, itself, may be bent and
not aligned with the vehicle path.
The vibration absorbers may be, according to the principles of the
present invention, superimposed. For example, the web of the
monorail girder may be provided with cantilevered mounting bolts
which pass through the electric rail support plate and opposing
pairs of the absorbers. The vibration absorbers contact the rail
support plate on the side facing the girder as well as on the side
facing away from the girder, thereby sandwiching the rail support
therebetween. Projecting facing portions of the vibration absorbers
may extend into enlarged bore holes of the support and about the
mounting bolts. The bolts are threaded for pressure nuts and are
provided with stops (guards against torsion) to prevent
unintentional loosening of the rail supports from the girders.
In accordance with a more specific aspect of the invention, a lower
vibration absorber may be interposed between lower or bottom
portions of the support plate and a horizontal plate or flange
attached to and extending from the lower part of the vertical
girder web plate. The horizontal plate may be the supporting
surface for vehicles traveling along the monorail girder. (Hollow
girder type monorails having vertical web plates and horizontal
flange plates are illustrated in U.S. Pat. No. 3,760,737, assigned
to Demag Aktiengesellschaft, the disclosure of which patent is
hereby incorporated by reference). Advantageously and desirably,
the height of this lower vibration absorber is adjustable by a
jackscrew arrangement including a threaded boly mounting the bottom
vibration absorber. To accommodate vertical height adjustment, the
bore holes in the rail support plate are enlarged or otherwise
formed as vertical slots, as will be understood.
The vibration absorbers sandwiched between the girder and support
may be formed as elastomeric compound molded in-situ in and about
the bore holes. During casting formation, the absorber is formed
into its intended shape by a molding frame laterally adjoining the
center web of the rail support. The frame is coated with a release
agent, so that it can be removed after cooling of the elastomeric
casting compound. The in-situ cast vibration absorber functions
comparably to prefabricated absorbers to accommodate limited
displacement of the rail support with respect to the girder.
In order to obtain optimum vibration absorption in the monorail
girder, a molded in-situ damping member may be arranged between the
rail support and the web plate of the girder, this damping member
being the size of the support plate or somewhat larger.
The rail supports may include a central vertical trunk with
horizontal arms projecting on both sides parallel with the electric
rails (sliding lines, secondary or reaction rails). The arms on one
side are vertically offset with those of the other side. Each arm
is provided with an insulator to mount sliding contacts or
energizing rails; the insulators may also be supported on the trunk
of the rail support. The displaced arrangement of the arms results
in a separation of the insulators, placing them far enough apart so
that no current leakage occurs. Moreover, the support plates with
their offset arms can be nested in an arrangement, which allows
several support plates to be simultaneously cut from one plate by
gang torch cutting techniques with a minimum of waste.
As will be understood, the support plate mounts a "secondary" or
reaction rail for the electrolinear motors mounted on the vehicles
traveling over the monorail. In accordance with the invention, this
reaction rail may pivot about its longitudinal axis through the
flexible mounting of the support for proper alignment with the
vehicle and with contiguous reaction rails along the monorail
route. The secondary rail is T-shaped, and its flanges are attached
to the support by means of superposed bolts. On one of the bolts,
between the support and the flange of the secondary rail, a washer
or shim may be interposed, while the other bolt is provided with
adjusting nuts. In this manner, the secondary rail may be slightly
canted with respect to the support for further precise alignment or
orientation, as necessary. On the side facing the support, the
secondary rail is slotted parallel to and at the same level as the
web of the secondary rail. At the end of two successive secondary
rail pieces, a T-shaped connector extends into the slot to
establish a correct alignment of the secondary rail ends, which are
slightly spaced to accommodate thermal expansion. The connector is
bolted to one of the secondary rails to complete the sliding
expansion joint between rails. The rail supports may also be
provided, on the top and/or the bottom thereof, with brackets for
"safe-distance" cables or signal rails, which, through automatic
circuitry and relay devices, control the distance between the
vehciles traveling on the monorail girder and prevent accidental
collisions.
For a more complete understanding of the present invention and a
greater appreciation of its attendant advantages and benefits,
reference should be made to the following detailed description
taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of the new and improved flexible
and cushioned support plate arrangement with secondary rail,
safe-distance cable, and sliding contact rails mounted upon the
support;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II--II of FIG. 1
with the monorail girder shown in phantom;
FIG. 3 is a cutting plan for the rail support in which two cutting
torches may cut four nested supports simultaneously from a
plate;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of Detail "A" of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of Detail "B" of FIG. 2 below the center
line, with an additional damper member shown above the center line,
formed in-situ by a casting compound poured betweeen the girder web
plate and the rail support plate;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI--VI of FIG.
1;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VII--VII of FIG.
1;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of Detail "C" of FIG. 2;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of an alternative design of the Detail
"B";
FIG. 10 is an elevational view of the structure of FIG. 9 taken
from point "X".
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Referring to the drawings, FIGS. 1 and 3 illustrate the shape of
the new rail support plates of the invention, which may be
manufactured simultaneously from one wide steel plate by means of
several cutting torches, the only scrap remaining being the two
pieces 15.
The box-shaped main monorail girder 1 (shown in phanton) is only
partially illustrated in FIG. 2 and typically includes a weldment
of vertical web plates 1a, horizontal flange plates 1d, and, on
both sides, vehicle support and guidance rails 1b, 1c. Threaded
bolts 3 are welded onto web 1a for attaching the rail supports 2.
Bore holes 2c are formed along the longitudinal axis of the rail
supports 2. The holes 2e are considerably larger than the diameter
of the bolts 3 and may be developed as vertical slots (FIG. 10) to
accommodate limited height adjustment of the supports 2 with
respect to the main girder 1. In accordance with the invention,
resilient elastomeric vibration absorbers 5 are supported on the
bolts and include projections 5a, which extend into the bore holes
2c from both sides of support 2. Outer reinforcing plates 5b of the
vibration absorbers 5 bear against web plates 1a and lock nuts 4
(equipped with means to prevent loosening). The vibration absorbers
5 permit the limited canting, displacement, or reorientation of the
supports 2 with respect to the web plates 1a of the girder 1, when
the supports 2 are pulled or urged in a direction parallel with the
course of the vehicles traveling along the girder 1.
As shown in FIG. 1, the supports 2 are provided with lateral arms
2b on both sides of a center trunk 2a, which arms are vertically
offset. At the end of each arm 2b and on the center trunk 2a, bolts
10 project outwardly for mounting insulators 6 and the reaction
rail 8. The insulators 6 carry sliding lines 7 (energizing rails
for vehicle-mounted electrolinear motors) and are held in place on
support plates 2 with self-locking nuts 11. The displaced or offset
arrangement of arm 2b and insulators 6 provides sufficient space
therebetween to avoid current leakage between insulators 6 and/or
between sliding lines 7.
As will be understood, energizing current is conducted from the
sliding lines 7 by way of vehicle-mounted sliding contacts 12
(shown in phantom) to the two stator elements 13 making up the
"primary" (shown in phantom) of a vehicle-mounted electrolinear
motor. Through cooperation with the reaction rail 8 (the "rotor" or
secondary of the motor), the "stator" 13 propels a vehicle, whose
supporting wheels contact rail 1b and whose guide wheels contact
guide rail 1c, along the main monorail 1.
Above the arms 2b, several bolts 10 for the reaction rail 8 are
attached to the trunk 2a of the support plate 2. The flange side of
secondary rail 8 is (FIGS. 4 and 6) provided with a groove 8c at
the level of the web 8a; a T-shaped connector 16 is fastened by
bolts 29 to the flanges 8b and extends into the groove 8c, so that
adjacent ends 8d, 8e of consecutive secondary rails meet in a
sliding connection which maintains proper alignment. A disc
connector 17, which is arranged between the lower flange 8b of the
secondary rail 8 and the trunk 2a serves as a pivot point for the
orientation of the rail 8 and may consist of a spring washer 17 or
a washer with high electric conductivity, which electricity
connects the secondary rail 8 to the support 2. By selectively
tightening self-locking nuts 11, the desired orientation of the
secondary rail 8 may be obtained, and it may then be locked in
position with counter bolts 19. The electrical grounding of the
secondary rail 8 (and the support 2, as will be understood) to the
web plate 1a is effected (FIGS. 1 and 7) directly through the bolt
20 and the grounding cable 18.
Special perpendicular brackets 22 for mounting "safe distance"
measuring cables 21 are attached to the upper portions of the
support plate 2 with bolts 23, as shown in FIG. 2. The proper
angular adjustment or orientation of the cable or rail 21 may be
achieved in the same manner as with the secondary rail 8.
Referring now to FIG. 5, below the center line, the manner of
achieving optimum vibration absorption is illustrated. This is
realized with elastomeric casting compound 5c, which is cast
between the web plate 1a and a damping plate 26. The damping plate
26 is somewhat higher and wider than the support 2 and its arms 2b.
During the casting process, the damping plate 26 is enclosed by a
casting frame 25, to which a solvent or release agent is applied
before casting, so that removal after casting is simplified.
Another example of vibration absorber is shown in the upper half of
FIG. 5, above the center line; there the vibration absorber
consists of casting compound 5d, which is poured directly between
the web plate 1a and the center web 2a of support 2. Similarly, the
casting compound is kept in place during the casting in-situ
process by molding frame.
The lower end of the plate 2 may be elevated, as shown in FIG. 8,
by a height adjustable lowermost vibration absorber 5 attached to
the main girder flange 1d by means of bolt 23 and self-locking nut
24 incorporated into the absorber member. Rotation of the nut 24
will, of course, adjust the height of the absorber and hence that
of the plate 2.
Still another means of adjusting the height of support 2 with
respect to the main girder web plate 1a is illustrated in FIGS. 9
and 10, wherein the nuts 4 loosely clamp plate 2 between vibration
absorbers 5. A block 28 (seating bolt 27) is supported on extension
5a of vibration absorber 5 in the slot 2c. The plate 2 is adjusted
in elevation by rotation of bolt 27, which is disposed directly in
a threaded hole 2c in support 2. As will be understood, the plate 2
will translate along the bolt by "jackscrew" action. After having
adjusted the height of the plate 2, the vibration absorbers 5 may
be tightly clamped by tightening of nuts 4.
It should be understood that the rail support structure for hollow
monorail girders herein illustrated and described is intended to be
representative only, as certain changes may be made therein without
departing from the teachings of the disclosure. Accordingly,
reference should be made to the following appended claims in
determining the full scope of the invention.
* * * * *