U.S. patent number 3,912,350 [Application Number 05/454,314] was granted by the patent office on 1975-10-14 for anti-tip mechanism for appliance.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Whirlpool Corporation. Invention is credited to Vincent P. Gurubatham.
United States Patent |
3,912,350 |
Gurubatham |
October 14, 1975 |
Anti-tip mechanism for appliance
Abstract
An anti-tip mechanism for a free-standing cabinet, in particular
for an appliance, especially a portable appliance, which has a
front access door hinged at the bottom and which incorporates a
panel, normally coplanar with the door, which is mounted for
horizontal linear movement forwardly of the cabinet to support the
door in its fully open position. The panel moves linearly forward
from a position at the front of the cabinet on a pair of spaced
arms mounted in respective bearings and the door is counterbalanced
by a pair of springs each having one end fixed to the cabinet and
the other end fixed to a respective arm and by a linkage including
a pair of cables entrained about respective pulleys and connected
to the ends of the arms and respective ones of a pair of levers
which extend rearwardly from opposite ends of the access door.
Inventors: |
Gurubatham; Vincent P. (St.
Joseph, MI) |
Assignee: |
Whirlpool Corporation (Benton
Harbor, MI)
|
Family
ID: |
23804137 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/454,314 |
Filed: |
March 25, 1974 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
312/276; 126/191;
312/317.2 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E06B
3/385 (20130101); A47L 15/4261 (20130101); A47L
15/427 (20130101); A47B 2097/008 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A47L
15/42 (20060101); E06B 3/38 (20060101); E06B
3/32 (20060101); A47B 046/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;312/271,273,275,276,317R,317A ;5/133,145,146,39,41 ;182/13,15
;108/48 ;134/115 ;126/191 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Wolfe; Robert L.
Assistant Examiner: Dorner; Kenneth J.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Hill, Gross, Simpson, Van Santen,
Steadman, Chiara & Simpson
Claims
The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or
privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
1. In an appliance having an access door including a front surface
and a lower edge and pivotally mounted on a lower portion of one
side of said appliance along a horizontal axis so as to be movable
between a fully open generally horizontal position and a closed
generally vertical position, and anti-tip means for preventing the
tipping of said appliance with respect to the floor,
comprising:
a single generally vertical panel centered below the access door
and in a parallel plane with the closed access door, the panel
including an upper portion and a lower portion and having a first
position adjacent the lower edge of said access door in its closed
position and a second position in a plane substantially parallel to
the plane of said first position and interposed substantially
perpendicularly between the front surface of the access door and
the floor in the open position of the door with said upper portion
of said panel having means thereon which are out of contact with
the door in the closed position of the door and which receive the
front surface of said access door in contacting balanced load
supporting engagement in the open position of the door and the
lower portion of said panel having means engaging the floor;
and
means for moving said panel linearly between its first and second
positions in response to the movement of the access door between
its closed position and its open position, said first position of
said panel corresponding to the closed position of said access door
and said second position of said panel corresponding to the fully
open position of said access door;
whereby the panel is unobtrusive with the access door in its closed
position and furnishes a support for the access door when the
access door is in its fully open position.
2. In an appliance as claimed in claim 1, wherein said means for
moving said panel comprises:
a pair of substantially horizontal linearly movable arm members
respectively extending rearwardly from opposite outboard end
portions of said panel;
a pair of bearing members for slidingly receiving respective ones
of said arm members;
a pair of lever arm members extending rearwardly from opposite
lower outboard end portions of said access door;
a pair of linkage means connecting a respective lever arm member to
a respective horizontal arm member; and a pair of spring means each
having one end thereof fixed to the appliance and the other end
thereof connected to the distal end of a respective horizontal arm
member to urge said panel toward its first position.
3. In an appliance as claimed in claim 1, wherein said means for
moving said panel comprises:
a rigid linearly movable arm connected to and extending rearwardly
from said panel; bearing means slidingly mounting said arm;
linkage means connecting said arm and said access door and operable
to move said panel to said second position upon opening of said
access door; and
biasing means connected to said arm to move said panel toward said
first position as said access door is closed.
4. In an appliance as claimed in claim 3, wherein said linkage
means comprises:
a lever arm extending rearwardly from said access door,
a pulley mounted for rotation about an axis below said lever arm,
and
a cable carried about said pulley and connected between said lever
arm and a point on said linearly movable arm rearwardly of said
pulley.
5. In an appliance as claimed in claim 1 wherein the panel is
substantially coextensive with the access door and wherein opposite
end portions of said panel carry foot members at the bottom thereof
for contacting the floor and bumpers at the top thereof for
contacting the access door.
6. In an appliance as claimed in claim 1, wherein said panel
comprises:
an upper edge and a lower edge; and
upper and lower contact means extending beyond said upper and lower
edges for respectively contacting the access door and the
floor.
7. In an appliance having an access door including a front surface
and a lower edge with a fully open and a closed position and
pivotally mounted on a lower portion of one side of said appliance
along a horizontal axis, anti-tip means for preventing the tipping
of said appliance with respect to the floor comprising:
a panel below the access door and having a first position adjacent
the lower edge of said access door and a second position in a plane
substantially parallel to the plane of said first position
interposed between the front surface of the access door and the
floor with the upper portion of said panel adjacent the front
surface of said access door, and means for moving said panel
between its first and second positions in response to the movement
of the access door,
said first position of said panel corresponding to the closed
position of said access door and said second position of said panel
corresponding to the fully open position of said access door,
whereby the panel is unobtrusive with the access door in its closed
position and furnishes a support for the access door when the
access door is in its fully open position,
wherein the means for moving the panel comprises:
a pair of substantially horizontal arm members, said arm members
extending from respective opposite outer end portions of the panel,
and each of said arm members defining a notch in corresponding
upper portions thereof;
a pair of bearing members for slidingly engaging the respective arm
members, each of said bearing members having a downwardly extending
projection at the top portion thereof for engaging the notches in
the respective arm members;
a pair of lever arm members, said lever arm members extending
rearwardly from respective opposite lower end portions of the
access door;
linkage means for connecting each of the lever arm members to a
respective horizontal arm member; and
spring means connected to each of said horizontal arm members for
biasing the panel toward its first position and, through the
linkage means, counterbalancing the access door.
8. In an appliance having an access door including a front surface
and a lower edge with a fully open and a closed position and
pivotally mounted on a lower portion of one side of said appliance
along a horizontal axis, anti-tip means for preventing the tipping
of said appliance with respect to the floor comprising:
a panel below the access door including an upper portion and having
a first position adjacent the lower edge of said access door and a
second position in a plane substantially parallel to the plane of
said first position and interposed between the front surface of the
access door and the floor with said upper portion of said panel
adjacent and receiving the front surface of said access door in
contacting engagement;
means for moving said panel between its first and second positions
in response to the movement of the access door, said first position
of said panel corresponding to the closed position of said access
door and said second position of said panel corresponding to the
fully open position of said access door;
whereby the panel is unobtrusive with the access door in its closed
position and furnishes a support for the access door when the
access door is in its fully open position;
wherein said panel comprises:
an upper edge and a lower edge;
upper and lower contact means extending beyond said upper and lower
edges for respectively contacting the access door and the
floor;
rod means mounted for vertical movement and carrying said contact
means; and
biasing means urging said rod means upwardly to prevent
interference with the floor as said panel moves between said first
and second positions.
9. An anti-tip device for an appliance having a front access door
hingedly mounted on a horizontal axis with respect to the floor,
said anti-tip device comprising:
a movable front panel located below the access door;
means for moving the panel linearly between a first and a second
position in response to movement of the access door from a closed
to a fully open position;
means on the upper portion of the panel out of contact with the
door in the closed position of the door and receiving a front
portion of the access door in supported contact therewith when said
panel is in the second position and said access door is in the
fully open position; and
means associated with the lower portion of the panel engaging the
floor when said panel is in the second position and said access
door is in the fully open position;
whereby the panel is unobtrusive in the first position with the
access door in the closed position and is interposed, in its second
position, between the front surface of the access door and the
floor to furnish support for said access door in the fully open
position.
10. An anti-tip device according to claim 9, wherein said means for
moving the panel linearly comprise linkage connecting the door and
the panel.
11. In a free-standing cabinet having an access opening and an
access door hinged about a horizontal axis for movement between a
closed position and a fully open position where it is supported on
the floor by a movable cabinet panel which is coplanar with the
door in the closed position and positioned forwardly of the
coplanar position in the open position of the door, the improvement
comprising:
mounting means mounting the panel for linear movement between its
positions; and
linkage means connecting the door and the panel for moving the
panel in response to movement of the door,
wherein said panel comprises:
rod means vertically mounted in said panel for vertical movement
and including an upper portion for contacting the access door and a
lower portion for contacting the floor; and
spring means connected to said rod means for urging said rod means
upwardly, the weight of the door forcing said rod means downwardly
to contact the floor as the door moves to its fully open
position.
12. In a free-standing cabinet having an access opening and an
access door hinged about a horizontal axis for movement between a
closed position and a fully open position where it is supported on
the floor by a movable cabinet panel which is coplanar with the
door in the closed position and positioned forwardly of the
coplanar position in the open position of the door, the improvement
comprising:
mounting means mounting the panel for linear movement between its
positions to receive the access door thereon in contacting
engagement in the open position of the door;
linkage means connecting the door and the panel for moving the
panel in response to movement of the door;
wherein said mounting means comprises:
means operable when said panel reaches its forward position to
cause said panel to contact the floor, including:
an arm extending rearwardly from said panel;
means defining a detent in the upper edge of said arm; and
a member adjacent the arm and fixed to the cabinet and received in
the detent when said panel reaches its forward position.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to an anti-tip mechanism for a freestanding
cabinet, and more particularly to an anti-tip mechanism for an
appliance, especially a portable appliance, in which the access
door of the appliance is supported forwardly of its hinged
connection to the cabinet by a support member which stabilizes the
appliance to substantially prevent rocking or tipping.
2. Description of the Prior Art
The art of support structures generally recognizes the provision of
members which move in a forward direction out of structures to
support a hinged member of the structure. For example, in the
furniture art a hinged door of a secretary has been provided with a
linkage and forwardly moving arms to support the door so that the
inside surface thereof may be used as a writing surface when the
door is fully open. This type of support structure, however,
increases the lever arm from the front of the desk to an undefined
point and actually increases the possibility of tipping. The same
is true for drop-leaf tables which have an unsupported horizontally
pivoting leaf supporting member.
In the appliance art, Norman L. Kendt and Geroge T. Sholtes, in
their U.S. letters Pat. No. 3,150,904 disclose the provision of a
pair of forwardly and downwardly directed outboard arms which are
extensible to a point forward of an appliance when the door of the
appliance is open to prevent tipping of the appliance. This
structure requires openings in the front of the appliance to permit
the anit-tip arms to pass therethrough.
In U.S. letters Pat. No. 3,393,950, assigned to Whirlpool
Corporation, Ival G. Dutcher and Vernon R. Sjodin disclose the
utilization of an access panel normally closing the front of an
appliance between the access door and the bottom of the appliance
for supporting the access door of the appliance. In this structure,
the panel is pivoted forwardly and downwardly on a hinged
parallelogram principle, a portion of the access door forming one
side of the parallelogram, to stand vertically on the floor and
support the door in its fully open position.
Of course, the art recognizes a multitude of anti-tip structures
which vary from those provided for particular applications, such as
the ironing board support of W. Gay in U.S. Pat. No. 1,849,184, to
more complicated support and counterbalance structures. For a
variety of such art, the reader is referred to in U.S. letters Pat.
Nos. 3,150,905; 3,322,480; 3,339,969; 3,345,776; and 3,738,727.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is the primary object of the present invention to provide an
anti-tip mechanism for a free-standing cabinet, such as the cabinet
for a portable appliance.
A more specific object of the invention is to provide a portable
appliance with an anti-tip mechanism which, for all practical
purposes, is completely concealed and unobtrusive at the front of
the appliance when the access door of the appliance is closed.
Another object of the invention is to utilize a panel which is
normally coplanar with the access door of an appliance and
generally employed as a decorator panel, as a major element of an
anti-tip mechanism for the appliance.
According to the present invention, an anti-tip mechanism for a
free-standing cabinet having an access door hinged at its bottom
edge and a panel coplanar with the door comprises a pair of arms
mounted near the outboard ends of the panel and extending
rearwardly from the panel through respective bearings which mount
the arms for linear movement between a first position where the
panel is coplanar with the access door and a second position
forward of the first position where the panel stands vertically on
the floor and supports the access door in its fully open position.
A pair of levers which extend rearwardly from the access door are
linked to the respective arms via respective cable and pulley
systems which are effective to move the arms from the first
position to the second position as the access door is opened.
The access door is counterbalanced by way of the cable and pulley
systems together with a pair of springs which are connected to the
cabinet and to respective ones of the linearly movable arms.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention each of the linearly
movable arms includes a detent on the upper edge thereof to receive
a respective projecting portion within the associated bearing so
that the panel clears the floor during its forward travel and
pivots somewhat downwardly when reaching the second position in
response to the detenting action.
In another embodiment of the invention, the panel carries a pair of
spaced rods which extend through the upper and lower edges of the
panel near the outboard ends thereof and which, in turn, carry
upper and lower resilient portions for contacting the access door
and the floor respectively. The rods are mounted for vertical
movement with respect to the panel, are biased upwardly to clear
the floor during movement of the panel, and are forced downwardly
into contact with the floor in response to engagement and
depression by the access door in its fully open position.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Other objects, features and advantages of the invention, its
organization, construction and operation will be best understood
from the following detailed description of particular embodiments
of the invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying
drawings, of which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a free-standing appliance having an
anti-tip mechanism constructed in accordance with the principles of
the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side elevation of the appliance of FIG. 1 illustrating
the anti-tip principle of the present invention with an access door
for the appliance shown in phantom line in one position of the
door, and with a portion of the appliance cabinet broken away to
illustrate internal structure;
FIG. 3 is a detailed perspective view of the anti-tip mechanism of
the appliance illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2;
FIG. 4 illustrates the bearing and detent structure of FIG. 3 with
the bearing illustrated in section;
FIG. 5 is a detailed illustration of another embodiment of the
invention; and
FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view of the linearly moving panel of
the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 5.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring to FIG. 1, a free-standing cabinet is generally
illustrated at 10 in the form of an appliance, in particular a
dishwasher which comprises a cabinet 12 having a pair of sidewalls
14 (only one being shown), a top 16, a rear wall, and a front wall
including a control panel 18 carried on an access door 26. The
control panel 18 may include a variety of control elements, such as
a plurality of push buttons 20 and a timer mechanism 22. Mounted in
the control panel 18 is also a door latch 24, as is conventional in
the dishwasher art.
The access door 26 covers only a portion of the front of the
appliance, the remainder being closed by a panel 28 having a bottom
edge 30 which is spaced above the floor line or bottom edge 32 of
the appliance. Of course, if the appliance is a portable appliance
and mounted on wheels, the front wheels of the appliance actually
form the tipping pivot point with which the invention is primarily
concerned. For purpose of illustration, however, the front edge of
the machine at the reference 32 will suffice for this
discussion.
Referring for a moment to FIG. 2, with the access door 26 pivoted
downwardly approximately 90.degree. as shown in phantom line, the
appliance may have a tendency to tip towards the door if a
sufficient downward force is applied to the inside surface of the
door. This can happen, of course, when articles are placed on the
door in loading or unloading the appliance. The effective lever
arm, in this case, extends from the lower front edge of the machine
to the point of application of the force, and must be
counterbalanced by the weight of the machine at some defined point
for the particular machine, said point depending on the placement
of such components as drive motors, pumps, etc. As is readily
apparent from FIG. 2, the utilization of the panel 28 to support
the access door 26 at a point substantially forward of the cabinet
12 reduces the lever arm of the door and increases the lever arm of
the mass of the machine about the point of support.
The panel 28 carries a pair of feet 34 and 36 near the outboard
ends thereof which contact the floor when the anti-tip mechanism is
effective, i.e. when the panel 28 is at its forward position with
the door 26 in the fully open position shown in phantom line in
FIG. 2. The panel 28 also carries a pair of resilient mar-proof
pads or bumpers 38 and 40 on its upper edge near the outboard ends
thereof to contact and support the access door 26.
As indicated by the arrows A and B in FIG. 2, the panel 28 first
moves linearly outwardly to its forward position with the elements
34 and 36 traveling above the floor, and then moves downwardly, as
indicated by the arrow B, so that the elements 34 and 36 contact
the floor, this action being explained hereinbelow with reference
to FIG. 3. Referring now to FIG. 3, a portion of the access door 26
is illustrated above and coplanar with the panel 28. As illustrated
in the drawing, sufficient space is provided between the top of the
panel 28 and the bottom of the access door 26 so that fingers,
clothing, etc. will not be pinched therebetween.
In FIG. 3 the apparatus of the anti-tip mechanism on only one side
of the appliance is illustrated; however, it should be understood
that a similar structure will be provided at the opposite side of
the machine. As shown in the drawing, an arm member or arm 42 is
connected to and extends rearwardly from the outer end portion of
panel 28. The panel 28 is biased towards a position coplanar with
the access door 26 by a spring 46 which has a first hooked end
attached to the rear end 44 of the arm 42 through a hole 48, and an
opposite hooked end 50 which is secured to the cabinet as indicated
in FIG. 2.
The arm 42 is slidingly supported by a bearing member or bearing 52
mounted in a fixed bracket 54 which, in turn, is connected to the
cabinet. In order to move the panel 28 to its forward,
access-door-supporting position, the bracket 54 mounts a pulley 56
having a cable 58 carried thereabout and attached at one end
thereof at 60 to the arm 42 and at the other end thereof at 62 to a
lever arm 64 which extends rearwardly from the access door 26. As
the access door 26 pivots downwardly, the arm 42 is pulled linearly
through in sliding relationship with the bearing 52.
In order to define the forward supporting position of the panel 28
and to slightly lower the panel so that the feet 34 and 36 contact
the floor, the arm 42 is provided with a notch or detent 66 in the
upper edge thereof which receives a downwardly extending projection
or inwardly extending boss 68 of the bearing 52 (FIG. 4). As the
boss 68 enters the detent 66 the panel 28 pivots downwardly
somewhat (arrow B in FIG. 2); at this time, the access door 26 has
pivoted downwardly to its fully open position and is supported on
the mar-resistant pads 38 and 40 as shown in phantom line in FIG.
2. In closing the access door 26, the spring 46 attached to the end
of arm 42 provides a counterbalancing force which acts through the
linkage (including the cable 58 and the pulley 56) connected to the
lever arm 64 to assist in moving the access door back to its closed
position. At the same time, the spring 46 acting on the arm 42
pulls the panel 28 back in against the front of cabinet as the
access door closes. It should be noted that the force from the
spring 46 acts in a direction tending to pull the detent 66, and
thus the arm 42 (see FIG. 4), out of engagement with the boss 68 in
returning the front panel 28 from its second or forward or fully
extended to its first or coplanar or fully retracted position.
ALTERNATIVE EMBODIMENT
Referring now to FIGS. 5 and 6, an anti-tip mechanism is generally
illustrated at 70 as comprising an access door 72, a linearly
movable panel 74 having a lower edge 76 carried above the floor 78.
The panel 74 has, on each side of the machine, a
rearwardly-extending arm 80 which slidingly extends through a
bearing 82 and includes an end 86 which is connected to a spring 88
having an end 90 connected to the cabinet in much the same manner
as that illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3.
A mounting bracket (not shown) carries the bearing 82 and a pulley
92, also in much the same manner as that illustrated in FIG. 3. The
pulley 92 has a cable 94 entrained thereabout and connected at 96
to the arm 80 and at 98 to a lever arm 100 which extends rearwardly
from the access door 72.
As is apparent from the structure illustrated in FIG. 5, the panel
74 is moved out to its supporting position and back to its coplanar
position in the same manner as the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 3;
however, the movement of the panel 74 is strictly linear in that no
detent structure is provided. During its outward travel, the foot
106 is carried above the floor as will be described
hereinbelow.
Referring to FIGS. 5 and 6, the panel 74 is shown as including at
each opposite side portion a rod 102 having an upper end 104, which
may carry a mar-resistant covering, and a lower or foot end 106 and
is mounted for vertical movement within the panel 74. More
specifically, each rod 102 extends through a hole 108 in the bottom
76 of the panel 74 and through a like hole (not shown) in the top
of the panel 74. Biasing means, here shown as a spring 110, is
secured to the panel 74 at 112 and to the rod 102 at 114 to
normally urge the rod 102 upwardly so that the foot 106 clears the
floor during horizontal movement of the panel 74. When the panel
reaches its supporting position forward of the cabinet, the access
door has pivoted downwardly to a fully open position to engage the
upper end 104 of the rod 102 and depress the rod 102, moving it
downwardly with respect to the panel 74, so that the foot 106
contacts the floor. In this embodiment of the invention the access
door 72 is closed and the panel 74 correspondingly retracted to the
front of the cabinet with the assistance of the spring 88 in
substantially the same manner as with the earlier-described
embodiment. In this version, however, as the weight of the access
door is removed from the upper end 104 of rod 102 the spring 110
moves the rod upwardly so that the foot end 106 of the rod clears
the floor allowing the panel to move horizontally back to its fully
retracted position.
The springs 110 have a sufficiently low spring force to permit easy
deflection so that if, for example, an object is between the upper
end 104 of the rod 102 and the lower edge of the access door 72 the
rod 102 will be depressed as the door closes and the object will
not be pinched. Again, this prevents injury to fingers, clothing,
etc.
In each of the embodiments of the invention disclosed herein, the
rearwardly-extending arms may be releasably attached to the movable
panel by any suitable means so that upon partial opening of the
access door and partial extension of the panel, the panel may be
removed for maintenance of components mounted in the lower part of
the cabinet.
Although I have described my invention by reference to particular
illustrative embodiments thereof, many changes and modifications of
the invention may become apparent to those skilled in the art
without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. I,
therefore, intend to include within the patent warranted hereon all
such changes and modifications as may reasonably and properly be
included within the scope of my contribution to the art.
* * * * *