U.S. patent number 3,910,412 [Application Number 05/339,322] was granted by the patent office on 1975-10-07 for point of sales packaging and display system.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Filter Dynamics International, Inc.. Invention is credited to John W. Vargo.
United States Patent |
3,910,412 |
Vargo |
October 7, 1975 |
Point of sales packaging and display system
Abstract
This invention relates to a point of sales system for packaging
and displaying products, especially -- although not exclusively --
related to automobile maintenance parts. The invention also
provides methods for enabling self-service sales of automobile
parts in discount houses, department stores, and the like. Among
other things, the system provides for direct visual inspection of
the products with both color-coded and numerical identification of
parts for any given make or model of automobile.
Inventors: |
Vargo; John W. (Cleveland,
OH) |
Assignee: |
Filter Dynamics International,
Inc. (Cleveland, OH)
|
Family
ID: |
23328470 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/339,322 |
Filed: |
March 8, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
206/459.5;
206/335 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
5/5023 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
5/50 (20060101); B65D 073/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;206/459,44R,45.31,DIG.29,491 ;D7/224 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Other References
Modern Packaging, Vol. 34, Sept. 1960, p. 139, Jones & Company,
Inc. .
Modern Packaging, Vol. 34, Apr. 1961, p. 156, "Wrap-Up for Glass."
.
Modern Packaging, Vol. 41, Dec. 1968, p. 86, "Modern Packaging."
.
Packaging, Walter Herdeg, Copyright 1959, pp. 254 &
257..
|
Primary Examiner: Price; William I.
Assistant Examiner: Moy; Joseph M.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Alter and Weiss
Claims
I claim:
1. A packaging system comprising a plurality of groups of cartons
with different products in the different groups,
each of said groups of cartons being arranged into subgroups with
different species of said products in said subgroups,
each carton having at least four sides with printing thereon,
said printing including at least a color coded product species
identifying section,
said system including the subgroups of cartons being grouped
together within said groups according to the color coded sections,
whereby if a color coded carton is placed in another section the
misplacing of that carton can immediately be determined,
a color coded trademark section,
said trademark section including an elongated multi-colored stripe
with a distinctive shape extending across the side to at least two
edges of said side,
these sections being printed on at least two of said four sides in
places to form a uniform pattern extending across said plurality of
groups of cartons, when said cartons are placed next to each other
regardless of which of said two sides are juxtaposed as said
cartons are stacked,
a single color stripe extending on at least a front side of said
carton or products as part of said uniform pattern, whereby the
gestalt of said cartons create a billboard effect with color coded
identification when said cartons are stacked together, and
means in each of said cartons for exposing to view the product
enclosed therein.
2. The packaging system of claim 1 and a section of background
color on each of said cartons to give a common ground to the
billboard effect.
3. The packaging system of claim 1 wherein there are a plurality of
different types of cartons for housing different shapes or kinds of
parts, each of said cartons displaying to view the part housed
therein, whereby the nature of the part is immediately apparent
without requiring the carton to be opened.
4. The packaging system of claim 3 wherein each type of housing has
each of said sections printed thereon in a coordinated geometry
wherein any side of any housing type may be placed adjacent any
side of another carton without interrupting the gestalt of the
billboard effect.
5. The packaging system of claim 4 wherein at least some of said
cartons comprise a generally rectangular tube having integral
front, back, top and bottom panels with locking tab means forming
an interference friction lock onto the contours of the product
contained in said carton.
6. The packaging system of claim 5 wherein said product has a
generally cylindrical shape, said friction lock against the
contours of said product is formed by tabs pushed in against the
outside peripheral circular cross-section, and said locking tabs
fit under the circumferential contours of the product.
7. The packaging system of claim 5 wherein the product has a
cylindrical shape with said friction fit being against the top and
bottom of said cylindrical product.
8. The packaging system of claim 1 and a chart identifying the
color-code on said cartons.
9. The packaging system of claim 1 wherein said color-coding
occupies substantial portions of each carton whereby said billboard
effect is one of coordinated, colored panels placed side by side
across an entire display of a plurality of products.
Description
This invention relates to point of sale packaging and, more
particularly, to cartons which are custom designed for self service
display, and to a system for identifying parts for enabling a
selection of a desired one from among a great variety of different
parts having small differences between them.
Almost all makes and models of automobiles have corresponding parts
which are closely similar for most purposes. Yet these parts are
sufficiently different to make it difficult or impossible to use
parts from one make on another make of automobile. For example, the
air filters for two different makes of automobiles may appear to be
identical to the eye of a casual buyer. However, the air filter for
one may be smaller in diameter but greater in thickness than the
filter for another make. As a result, the casual buyer has to
choose between a bewildering variety of air filters. As a
generality, the same situation prevails for almost all auto
parts.
Another problem is that these and similar parts come in small boxes
with specialized names which the novice does not recognize. Very
often, the casual do-it-yourself buyer does not even know the
different names of the many parts which he would like to buy.
Hence, if he wants to perform even the most simple form of
maintenance, he does not know which box to open. Thus, he has his
choice of blindly opening boxes or of giving up.
Using air filters by way of example, auto manufacturers design
particular filters to fit their engineering needs, the under hood
space allowed by body design, or the like. Insofar as the original
equipment manufacturer is concerned, each new air filter type or
design is identified by a long part number which fits into a
computer controlled inventory numbering plan. That long number is
too cumbersome for the replacement parts supplier or casual buyer
to use.
Therefore, when an auto with a new air filter design is first
offered to the public, one of the replacement parts supplier is the
first to offer an air filter of the new design. That first supplier
assigns a type number to the filter which fits its peculiar
numbering needs. Thereafter, almost all other replacement suppliers
adopt the same type number for their filter. Otherwise the casual
buyer would not realize that he can buy the same type filter from
alternate sources. Hence, it is seen that, in the replacement
market, the type numbers are randomly assigned depending upon the
whims of chance as to who is the first into the replacement market
and what is the convenient type number for such first supplier to
assign on the day of the new filter type entry into the market
place.
When one reflects on the many replacement parts in an automobile
and the diverse methods of assigning type numbers, the chaotic
nature of type numbering becomes apparent.
Yet another point of sale packaging problem revolves around the
overall impact or gestalt of an auto parts display. Usually, there
are bins, shelves, and a clutter of small parts. The clutter
becomes even worse after a busy day when the customers have moved
and mixed things on the shelves. The resulting confusion
discourages the casual buyer before he even approaches the problem
of finding what he wants to buy. As a result, he does not even
consider buying these kinds of parts in a non-automotive store.
Thus, it is a fortunate manufacturer who even has the opportunity
to have his boxes ripped open, as undesirable as that may be. This
is unfortunate since the entire business of auto parts sales is
thereby removed from discount centers to inherently high cost
merchandising channels where the customer must pay for the
specialized knowledge of a stock clerk.
At least the replacement and maintenance portion of the auto parts
business is well adapted to the mass marketing techniques of a
discount house or department store, if only the need for that
specialized stock clerk knowledge could be eliminated. When one
reflects on the skill level required to select an air filter, for
example, it becomes immediately apparent that the specialized
knowledge is merely a matter of familiarity. Therefore, the
customer should be able to do it for himself.
Still another problem relates to the overall attractiveness,
attention-getting, and sales appeal of a display in a large store.
It would be desirable to have a large billboard space in the
discount or department store except that it would have an extremely
high cost. Also, there is a high cost of keeping such a display
clean, up-to-date, etc.
Beyond the mere problem of point of sale display appearance, there
are managerial problems connected with the display of goods of the
described type. Very often stock boys are either disinterested or
uninformed about the finer points of product display. On the other
hand, manufacturers and distributors often conduct studies and
surveys to find how best to display their goods in order to
maximize sales appeal. Thus, the manufacturers would like to have a
quick and easy process for conveying their specialized display
knowledge to the stock boys without requiring much effort on their
part.
As a result of these and similar problems, discount and other mass
marketing stores do not do the amount of auto parts business that
could be expected.
Accordingly, an object of the invention is to provide new and
improved systems for attracting attention at a point of sales by
means of packaging and display. Here an object is to provide means
for and methods of packaging which protect the goods while they are
being displayed to the general view of the customer. Another object
is to so display the above-described type of goods to a customer,
while effectively making the style and type selection for him. In
this connection, an object is to accomplish the foregoing objects
at a minimum cost and maintenance.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide a plurality of
packages for different types, sizes, and kinds of parts, which may
be assembled into a unified attractive attention-getting point of
sales gestalt. Here, an object is to provide for a maximum amount
of flexibility in the manner of assembling the packaging without
destroying the gestalt.
Still another object is to provide a process for imparting point of
sale display information to people who stock shelves, bins or
tables. In this connection, an object of the invention is to
provide a process for finding "lost" products which are out of
their proper position in a display.
In keeping with an aspect of the invention, each box in a packaging
system has a pattern printed thereon which matches the pattern of
any side of adjacent boxes so that many boxes may be stacked
together to blend into an attractive large overall display giving
an effect somewhat similar to the effect of a billboard. Still, the
differences between the boxes are sufficient to enable an almost
instant selection of the parts being offered without adversely
disturbing the gestalt. Preferably, the background colors of the
boxes instantly guide the buyer to the particular parts that he
wants to buy, and the boxes are made to display the contents
thereof at a glance.
The nature of a preferred embodiment of the invention will become
more apparent from a study of the attached drawing wherein:
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a blank of an exemplary carton
employing the invention concept and used to enclose an automobile
air filter;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a carton made from the blank of
FIG. 1 with an air filter about to be placed therein;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a fragment of the carton of FIG. 2
showing a locking tab as it is being folded into position;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the carton fragment after the tab
is locked into position;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a carton for a cylindrical object,
such as an oil filter, a can of motor oil, or the like;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a carton for a rectangular object,
and parts, such as a battery, for example; and
FIG. 7 shows a number of different types of the inventive cartons
stacked upon each other and placed next to each other to present an
overall gestalt.
The principles of the invention may be incorporated into cartons
for packaging many different types of products. Here shown, by way
of example, the preferred packaging system is shown in conjunction
with automobile parts, such as air filters, oil filters, and
batteries. However, other items may also employ the inventive
system.
An air filter carton blank 20 includes front and back panels 21,
22, top and bottom panels 23, 24, and locking tabs 25, 26. Any one
of the panels (here, back panel 22) may be formed in two parts
which are glued together to form a tubular carton. For example, the
upper half 22b of the back panel has a glue flap 27 which fits
against the end 28 of the lower half 22a of the back panel. Hence,
the full assembled carton is a tubular member having a rectangular
cross section.
The dimensions of the air filter and carton are such that the
filter fits snuggly into the carton and is protected by it. On the
other hand, the carton has reduced width dimensions so that the air
filter is both visible and protected when so packaged.
The filter may be locked into position inside the carton by the
tabs 25, 26. In greater detail, the carton has front and back
panels 21, 22, each having a truncated triangular shape. The bases
of the truncated triangles are integrally joined together by the
rectangular bottom panel 24. The tops of the truncated triangles
are joined together by the rectangular top panel 23. The altitude d
of each of the truncated triangles is substantially equal to the
diameter e of the air filter cylinder 36. The width f of the top
and bottom panels, 23, 24 are substantially equal to the thickness
g of the air filter cylinder 36. The length of the bottom panel 24
is greater than a chord of an arc h of the air filter cross section
by an extended amount on each end. The extended amount is
approximately equal to one side k and the hypotenuse j of a right
angle triangle formed between the bottom panel and the intersection
of the circumference of the filter, the chord, and a vertical side
of the triangle when the filter is in position in the carton.
Each tab 25, 26 includes a locking member 31 and a hinged pair of
integral folding guide panels 33, 34. The guide panel 33 is
integral with locking member 31, which is the extension of the
bottom panel. The guide panel 34 is integral with the side panel
21. Panel 33 folds with respect to locking member 31 along line 37,
and panel 34 folds with respect to side panel 21 along line 38.
When locking member 31 is lifted in direction A (FIG. 3), the two
guide panels fold inwardly toward the interior of the box in
directions B and C.
As the tab 31 is lifted in direction A, the panels 33, 34 fold
inwardly along the center hinge line 35. The locking member 31 may
then be pushed under the peripheral wall of air filter 36, where it
is locked in place by an interference friction under the receding
circular peripheral contours.
Thus, to package the air filter 36, the cardboard carton form 20 is
opened to have its rectangular cross section, as shown in FIG. 2.
Then, the air filter 36 is slipped into the box, and the locking
tabs 25, 26 are pushed into a locking position. Hence, by a glance,
the customer may quickly identify the product which he needs and
inspect it without damage to the box.
FIGS. 5 and 6 show how the principle of the inventive packaging
system may be expanded to fit the needs of other shaped goods. For
example, the carton of FIG. 5 is a boxlike member 50 having
outwardly extending upper and lower locking tabs 51, 52 which fit
over and frictionally engage the top and bottom of a can or filter
53. Here the box may be folded together either with the can in
place or to thereafter receive the can. A large cut out area 54
exposes the can to view. The carton 55 has two parts. A first part
56 is cut out to expose a rectangular box-like product, offered to
the public -- here a battery 57. The second part 58 includes a
panel 59 which folds down behind the product to enclose necessary
parts for the products -- here the charging chemicals for the
battery.
According to the invention, the boxes have a background color with
coordinated recognition patterns which simultaneously blend
together regardless of how the packages are stacked to form a
billboard type of display, identify parts according to make, model,
or type of auto, and identify the manufacturer.
In greater detail, each box includes a general background color, as
indicated at 60, in order to give a pleasing continuity to a
display of products regardless of how the cartons or boxes are
stacked. A manufacturer's trademark 61, is printed on the panels in
a form of a design which interlocks with corresponding trademarks
on adjacent cartons or boxes. Here, the trademark is shown as a
fanciful rainbow with a distinctive bend, as at 62. The rainbow
positions are such that the cartons or boxes may be stacked side by
side with any side next to any other side to give a total
billboard-like gestalt, with the background color and the trademark
patterns on adjacent boxes blending together.
A white, or other color band 63 is provided on at least some panels
to give an area for any suitable printed message, such as the
manufacturer's name, the product's name, model numbers, or the
like. By way of example, the drawing shows the type number AFL7 in
FIG. 2. Conventionally, this designation would be interpreted as a
type 7 air filter made by a company having a name beginning with
the letter L.
The remainder 64 of the box is printed in a different color. One of
the colors 60, 63, or 64 may be uniform for all products to give a
general background to a display. Another of these colors is
distinctive of an automobile type, the company which made the part,
a trademark, line or model.
Adjacent panels of each carton have corresponding patterns which
also blend into the contiguous contours of juxtaposed boxes. Thus,
for example, a color-coded band 64 on one side of one box (FIG. 7)
continues into a similarly color-coded band 65 on another side of
the same type of box. The general background color area 60 on the
side of the box continues into a similarly colored band 66 on the
bottom of the box. The manufacturer's trademark 61 on the side of
the box continues into and blends with a similar trademark 68 on
the bottom of the box. Hence, the general design of the color and
printing on the side of a box blends with the general design of the
color and printing on the bottoms of juxtaposed boxes. All colors,
hues, and tints are selected to be compatible with all others so
that any color may be placed next to any other colors without
clash. Thus, any number of boxes 20 may be placed one over the
other, either upright or on their sides. The gestalt of the
resulting mosaic display of cartons is that of an attractive
continuous panel or billboard with a completely coordinated color
scheme.
Alternative methods of presenting the color-coding involve marking
the product itself and using the carton to supply the ground color
of the display. Hence, by way of example, the label of can 53 is
color-coded, and the top and front of battery 57 is color-coded,
while the carton itself has the ground color at 60. Both the can
label and the battery front include a stripe having the same
general angle and appearance as the stripe 63 on the carton 20.
Therefore, the appearance of the cartons and products shown in
FIGS. 4 and 5 will harmonize with those of FIG. 2.
Other kinds of parts may be placed in any of the above-described or
similar boxes with similar designs, patterns, color-coding, or the
like, to be stacked near the described air filter boxes. By way of
example, FIG. 7 shows air filters at 73, oil filters at 74,
batteries at 75, and any other suitable parts at 78. The parts at
78 include a color-coded label 76 and stripe 77 which harmonize
with the rest of the display.
All parts for one make, model or type of automobile have the same
color code and, preferably, are stacked together. Thus, for
example, a panel of purple boxes might provide parts for certain
Chrysler-built cars with light shades for 6-cylinder cars and dark
shades for 8-cylinder cars, a panel of orange boxes might provide
parts for General Motors cars, a panel of green boxes might provide
parts for Ford-built cars with light shades for 6-cylinder cars and
dark shades for 8-cylinder cars, and a panel of mustard boxes might
provide parts for imported cars. Still other color-coding might
further subdivide these categories into the individual lines and
models of cars.
Accordingly, the display process begins with the stock boy who is
instructed to place all products on display in a given color order.
Hence, in the embodiment of FIG. 7, he obviously has been
instructed to place all pink cartons on the left and all yellow
cartons on the right. In between, he has placed all blue cartons at
the left of center and all green cartons at the right of center.
Within a single panel of color display, he places the cartons with
the type numbers in numerical order. Thus, for example, the carton
of FIG. 2 would be placed in the seventh (because it is Type 7)
position in the blue section of FIG. 7.
If, during a sales day, customers should shuffle the cartons,
almost certainly the stripes or colors would become misaligned. As
a result, the moved carton would be visible instantly.
If the stock boy should be misinformed, he might place all parts in
numerical order according to the type number, for example.
Nevertheless, the stripes, patterns, and the like would retain
their alignment so that misplaced cartons are still visible. While
the color panels would not be the same as shown in FIG. 7, the
entire display would still harmonize because the color shades are
coordinated. Moreover, the type numbers bring parts for similar
makes near each other. Thus, the display will tend to have a
rainbow-like blend of splashes of color, and the color of misplaced
cartons would still tend to be apparent.
Accordingly, to make a selection, a customer may consult a nearby
chart 87 and learn that he need only concern himself with light
purple boxes, for example, because he owns a 6-cylinder
Chrysler-built car. Then, he looks for this color at 90 and
observes the writing at 91 to learn that he needs a certain type
filter. Thereafter, he always knows where to go in the display of
FIG. 7 to select parts for his particular car, regardless of the
kind of part he needs. Moreover, the parts themselves are readily
visible as the air filter is seen at 36 or the oil filter at 53.
There is no need to tear a box apart to see what is in it. The bulk
of the background color 60 and the brightly colored stripes of the
manufacturer's trademark 61 give the customer a general recognition
of auto parts regardless of whether the display is primarily air
filters, oil filters, batteries, or the like. The color-coded
panels give both an artistic addition and a selective aid to the
total display. In one exemplary case, it was found that the
customers search and selection time was reduced by 90 percent. This
time saving reduced customer frustration and made self service
sales a realistic possibility.
Still other advantages and modifications will readily occur to
those skilled in the art. Therefore, the appended claims are to be
construed to cover all equivalents falling within the scope and
spirit of the invention .
* * * * *