U.S. patent number 3,905,377 [Application Number 05/423,582] was granted by the patent office on 1975-09-16 for cigarette having a blind conduit.
Invention is credited to George Alexandre Yatrides.
United States Patent |
3,905,377 |
Yatrides |
September 16, 1975 |
Cigarette having a blind conduit
Abstract
The invention relates to a cigarette, a cigar, a pipe or a plug
of tobacco for pipes, comprising an internal fresh air admission
conduit and means for causing said fresh air to pass through the
shredded tobacco, thereby enabling the toxicity of the smoke to be
reduced by increasing the condensation of the toxic vapors and
increasing the quantity of external fresh air drawn-in. According
to the invention, these means take the form of a fluid-tight bottom
wall arranged in the air-admission conduit so as to form a
deflection screen for the fresh air. The fluid-tight bottom wall is
placed close to the suction extremity.
Inventors: |
Yatrides; George Alexandre (38
Grenoble, FR) |
Family
ID: |
27249275 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/423,582 |
Filed: |
December 10, 1973 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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108395 |
Jan 21, 1971 |
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Foreign Application Priority Data
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Jan 23, 1970 [FR] |
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70.02365 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
131/336; 131/339;
131/364; 131/340 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A24F
1/02 (20130101); A24D 1/00 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A24F
1/02 (20060101); A24F 1/00 (20060101); A24D
1/00 (20060101); A24B 015/027 (); A24D 001/04 ();
A24F 025/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;131/8,9,1R,10.5,10.7,10.9,11,210,266,197,201,185,188,189 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Michell; Robert W.
Assistant Examiner: Millin; V.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Young & Thompson
Parent Case Text
This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 108,395, filed Jan.
21, 1971, now abandoned.
Claims
What I claim is:
1. In a cigarette or the like comprising an elongated body of
tobacco laterally encircled by a wrapper, said cigarette having an
end to be lit and a suction end; the improvement in which the body
of tobacco has an air-permeable duct extending longitudinally
thereof from said lit end and terminating at a distance from said
suction end in a fluid-impervious end wall that occupies only a
central portion of said body of tobacco and that is spaced inwardly
from said wrapper, said end wall defining between itself and said
wrapper an annulus filled entirely with tobacco, the tobacco of
said body extending a substantial distance on the side of said end
wall which is opposite said duct, the side walls of said duct being
airpermeable, said end wall having a diameter about the same as the
internal diameter of said duct.
2. A cigarette or the like as claimed in claim 1, said duct being
empty and being bounded by said body of tobacco.
3. A cigarette or the like as claimed in claim 1, in which said
duct is bounded by a sheath of perforate material.
4. A cigarette or the like as claimed in claim 1, in which said
duct is bounded by a sheath of fluid-permeable material.
5. a cigarette or the like as claimed in claim 1, in which said
duct is bounded by a wall of perforate combustible material.
6. A cigarette or the like as claimed in claim 1, and a filter
between said end wall and said suction end, said filter being
spaced from said end wall by a portion of said body of tobacco.
7. A cigarette or the like as claimed in claim 1, said duct having
an internal diameter from one-eighth to one-half the diameter of
the cigarette.
Description
The present invention relates to a cigarette, a cigar, a pipe and a
plug of tabacco for pipes, comprising an internal intake conduit
for fresh air, enabling the toxic nature of the smoke to be reduced
by increasing the condensation of the toxic vapors and increasing
the quantity of fresh air admitted.
In order to reduce the ill effects on health of certain toxic
constituents of tobacco smoke, a purification of the smoke is
effected by filtering elements which are placed at the end of the
cigarette. These filtering elements have a fairly limited
effectiveness and only produce very partial condensation of the
toxic vapors. In order to increase this effect, it has also been
proposed to cause fresh air to be admitted in the vicinity of the
suction extremity of a cigarette by perforations formed in the
outer wrapping of the cigarette, or alternatively it has been
proposed to smoke cigarettes through the intermediary of
cigarette-holders provided with small lateral openings for the
admission of external air. Both these expedients are not very
practical, to the extent that they necessitate the use of an
auxiliary equipment.
On the other hand, the method of purification employed, which
consists of cooling down the tobacco smoke in the vicinity of the
suction extremity by means of lateral perforations is not very
rational, since the suction of this fresh air is effected with a
small loss of pressure, at least in the first phase of combustion,
which has a tendency to reduce considerably the effect of draught
through the source of combustion. In the case of a cigarette holder
with lateral orifices, it will furthermore be observed that the
cooling of the smoke is effected after it has left the pack of
tobacco, so that the effect of condensation on the tobacco smoke is
considerably reduced due to the non-existence of a condensation
support, constituted in the other case by the shreds of
tobacco.
It has further been proposed to reduce the ill effects of the smoke
by providing inside cigarettes or cigars an air-admission conduit
extending over part or the whole of the cigarette or cigar, this
conduit being perforated or not. Means of this kind have shown
certain disadvantages. It has in fact been observed that a
preferential air admission is produced at the level of the
air-admission conduit, while the draught through the shreds of
tabacco is substantially reduced. There is in fact only obtained a
reduction in the smoke temperature, without thereby causing either
condensation of the smoke or reduction of its toxic vapors, and
this air and this smoke, circulating in parallel, reach the
smoker's mouth at the same time.
It has also been proposed, especially in the manufacture of cigars,
to associate the central conduit with small lateral conduits
opening into the periphery of the said cigar. In this arrangement,
the lateral conduits permit the admission of ambient air, with or
without suction, with a small loss in pressure, whereas the smoke
passing through the tobacco has to overcome a high pressure loss.
In addition, the air admitted to the main conduit is hindered and
prevented from circulating freely and completely in the pack of
tobacco, so that it cannot result in progressive condensation along
the pack of tobacco.
In pipes, purification of the smoke is generally carried out by
elements which are introduced into the interior of the stem of the
pipe. These elements are provided in the form of a helicoidal
member which increases the length of travel of the smoke and gives
it a whirling movement which has the effect of depositing part of
the nicotine along the said helicoidal member. The purification of
the smoke in such a device is far from being satisfactory and in
order to improve this purification, it has been proposed to
introduce into the pipe stem a filtering element which can be
easily changed when the filter material is charged with
nicotine.
These purification elements have disadvantages, and while they
permit the temperature of the smoke to be reduced, they produce in
fact only a very partial condensation of the toxic vapors.
The present invention has for its object to cause the condensation
of the smoke and and the reduction of the toxic vapors by arranging
a simple and effective device in the interior of cigarettes,
cigars, pipes and plugs of tobacco for pipes.
The present invention relates to a cigarette, a cigar, a pipe, a
plug of tobacco for pipes or the like, comprising a pack of tobacco
with an external wrapper and leaving free an end opening intended
to form the initial combustion source, and a zone distant from the
opening of the initial source, intended to constitute the suction
opening, at least one substantially permeable air-admission
conduit, free from tobacco, extending from the end opening of the
initial source of combustion at which it opens to the free air, to
the said suction opening, means being provided in order that the
air-admission conduit may be blind on the side of the suction
opening and has a fluid-tight bottom wall.
According to the invention, the fluid-tight bottom wall is obtained
by means such as pastilles, spheres, solid cylinders or the like
which form an obstacle to the smoke. This air-admission conduit
which passes into the pack of tobacco or its immediate vicinity
makes it possible to ensure a substantial cooling of the smoke
circulating in the pack of tobacco, by means of this current of
external air practically free from toxic vapors and nearly at
ambient temperature. The fluid-tight bottom wall of the conduit
compels the fresh air to pass through the pack of tobacco, and this
supplement of auxiliary air has a further effect of ensuring, at a
point located upstream of the suction extremity, a mixture of the
smoke with a substantial quantity of external fresh air. In this
way, the smoke drawn-in has a very much lower degree of toxicity,
on the one hand due to the fact that the tobacco smoke is at a
lower temperature, and on the other hand because it has a lower
content of toxic vapors by virtue of the increase in the rate of
condensation resulting from the lower temperature, and also because
of the additional supply of fresh external air.
According to one form of embodiment of the invention, the blind
air-admission conduit with a fluid-tight bottom stops at a certain
distance from the suction opening, or on the contrary it extends
right through from the opening of the initial combustion source to
the suction opening.
According to another form of embodiment of the invention, this
air-admission conduit may be formed by mere agglomeration of shreds
of tobacco to form an elongated cylindrical conduit inside the pack
of tobacco, either with a wrapper which can itself be of paper,
tobacco, either with a wrapper which can itself be of paper,
tobaccoleaf, or even of a material which is more or less rigid and
preferably combustible. The fluid-tight bottom wall of the
air-admission conduit may either be visible from the side of the
suction extremity or embedded in the tobacco, or fixed to a filter
tip. In the case where the conduit is formed by a wall of a sheet
of paper, tobacco, or a tube of other material, this conduit wall
may be permeable or perforated with small holes forming passage
clearances permitting the fresh air admitted to the conduit to pass
into the pack of tobacco. The air-intake conduit may be single or
alternatively it may be associated with one or more other conduits.
The conduit is preferably of circular section, but it may have any
other section, oval, polygonal or the like. The air-admission
conduit is advantageously an axial conduit, but an eccentric
conduit or even a conduit arranged at the lateral periphery of the
pack of tobacco also ensures a substantially-purifying effect on
the smoke.
certain characteristic features and advantages of the invention
will be more clearly understood from the description which follows
below by way of example, reference being made to the accompanying
drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view, partly in section and partly broken
away, of a cigarette according to the invention;
FIGS. 2 to 6 are views similar to FIG. 1, showing other alternative
forms of embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a partial view in perspective, with parts broken away of
a cigar according to the invention;
FIG. 8 is another alternative form of a cigar according to the
invention;
FIG. 9 is a view in partial section of a pipe in which the bowl
comprises an auxiliary conduit according to the invention.
FIG. 10 is a view in partial section of a pipe in which the bowl
comprises an auxiliary air conduit following an alternative form of
construction;
FIGS. 11 to 16 are perspective views in partial section of plugs of
tobacco for use in a pipe according to the invention;
FIG. 17 is a perspective view of an air-admission conduit according
to the invention.
Referring now to FIG. 1, it can be seen that a cigarette comprises
a pack of tobacco 1, enclosed in an outer wrapper of paper or
tabacco-leaf 2, leaving free a suction extremity 3 and an initial
combustion source extremity 4. In the pack of tobacco 1 is formed a
blind axial conduit 5, extending from the initial combustion
opening 4 to an extremity located at a certain distance from the
suction extremity 3. The blind extremity of the conduit 5 is closed
by a non-permeable bottom wall 6 which is shown in the form of a
pastille having a section at least equal to that of the conduit 5.
As can be seen from the drawing, this conduit 5 has a substantial
section, for example of the order of one-third of the total
section, and preferably between one-eighth and one-half of the
total section, and it is formed by a simple agglomeration of
shredded tobacco, without any outer support.
As has previously been explained, the tobacco smoke which flows in
the direction of the arrow f becomes mixed and cooled by secondary
currents of fresh air f' admitted through the conduit 5, these air
currents being diverted by the pastille 6 into the pack of tobacco
1. This suction of fresh air causes a progressive condensation of
the smoke by reduction of its temperature, and a reduction in the
content of toxic vapors.
In the alternative form of embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the blind
air-intake conduit 25 in a cigarette 21 is in this case formed by a
tube 27 of cylindrical shape, having a circular section, as at 27a,
or oval, as at 27b, or even polygonal, as shown at 27c, and closed
at its extremity directed towards the suction extremity of the
cigarette by an impermeable bottom. This conduit may be provided
with perforation openings 28, either circular, as shown at 28a, or
rectangular, as shown at 28b, or oval, as shown at 28c.
It will be noted that in this form of embodiment, the air-admission
conduit 25 extends right through from the suction extremity 23 to
the initial extremity 24, with a bottom wall fluid-tight and
located towards the suction extremity and preferably at a certain
distance from the end of the conduit.
In FIG. 3, the pack of tobacco 31 in its wrapper 32 incorporates a
pipe 37 of combustible or other material, with perforations 38,
this pipe 37 having a pointed extremity 39 and being intended to be
inserted by the smoker in the body of a cigarette. This pointed
extremity 39 constitutes the fluid-tight bottom wall which compels
the flow of fresh air to pass through the pack of tobacco 31 so as
to be mixed with the tobacco smoke.
In accordance with FIG. 4, the air-admission conduit 45 is in this
case not arranged axially as in the previous cases, but
considerably eccentric as will be seen from the drawing. In certain
cases, this arrangement may permit an easier manufacture; in this
case in fact, strict accuracy in manufacture would not be
required.
Referring now to FIG. 5, it is seen that the air-admission conduit
55 with perforations 58 is no longer formed by a cylindrical
surface as in FIGS. 1 to 4, but is slightly frusto-conical, and its
smaller section at 56 is located on the side of the suction
extremity 53. The conduit is in this case formed by a tube of
paper, and it is terminated in a fluid-tight bottom wall 57, but it
is obvious that the conduit could advantageously be formed by
tobacco leaves or by a more or less rigid material, preferably
combustible, the bottom wall being formed by a pastille, as shown
in FIG. 1.
In the form of embodiment shown in FIG. 6 and for the purpose of
facilitating manufacture, the cylinder 68 may be preceded by
another hollow cylinder 69 slightly projecting from the cigarette
(combustion side) which the smoker removes when he wishes to smoke.
The association of the two cylinders permits easy manufacture of
the conduit and holds this latter intact in its packet or bundle,
even if the latter is roughly handled. In an alternative form of
construction, the two cylinders 68 and 69 may be fitted one into
the other, but the cylinder 69 may also be associated with the
pastille 6 previously described.
Referring now to FIG. 7, it can be seen that a cigar is formed by
tobacco leaves 71 rolled in such manner at to leave free an axial
conduit 72, in which the extremity opposite to that of the initial
combustion is closed in a fluid-tight manner by one of the devices
previously described. The sheets of tobacco are previously
perforated, as shown at 73 so as to form a plurality of sinuous
branch passages permitting the introduction of fresh air round the
conduit 72 into the actual centre of the pack of tobacco.
According to the form of embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the blind
axial conduit 80, formed in the manner previously described by
rolling together leaves 81, is associated with branch conduits 83
extending radially from the axial conduit 80. Such branch conduits
83 are made, after the manufacture of the cigar, by an appropriate
apparatus which has furthermore served as a mandrel for the
manufacture of the conduit 80.
The invention provides for the construction of the fluid-tight
bottom wall of an sweet-smelling material (mentholated for example)
or of an odoriferous material, not necessarily having an agreable
odour, which at the time of its combustion notifies the smoker of
the necessity of stopping smoking the cigarette or cigar in
question.
Referring now to FIG. 9, it is seen that a pipe 90 with its bowl 91
is adapted to receive a plug of tobacco 92 which is placed round an
axial conduit 93 provided with perforations 94, this tube 93 being
fixed by its base on the outlet 95 of the suction conduit of smoke
from the pipe through the intermediary of a support 97 which frees
an annular passage 96. The tube 93 has a fluid-tight blind
bottom, and the fresh air drawn-in through the axial conduit 93
passes through the perforations 94, following the circuit indicated
by the arrow f, passes into the pack of tobacco in which it becomes
mixed with the smoke and passes out through the annular space 96 so
as to be drawn into the stem 95.
In an alternative form of construction shown in FIG. 10, before
introducing the pack of tobacco into the interior of the bowl 91, a
ring 107 is incorporated around the axial conduit 103 provided as
in the case of FIG. 9 This ring 107 is a filtering element put in
position before the smoking tobacco and which can be made for
example with pre-agglomerated tobacco, sweet-smelling or
odoriferous, or with any other material which can be used for
conventional filtration of the smoke.
In the two cases described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10, the
axial conduit and its support may be made in a single piece so as
to be a monobloc construction, the unit being placed in slots
provided for that purpose and formed at the outlet of the suction
conduit of the pipe.
Different types of plugs are provided so as to be fitted into the
pipes previously described, or into conventional pipes. FIG. 11 is
an example of construction of a plug of tobacco which comprises a
pack of tobacco 110 with an axial conduit 111 extending from one
end of the pack of tobacco to the other, namely from the initial
combustion opening to the suction opening. The conduit 111 is given
a diameter slightly greater than that of the axial conduit of the
pipe, so that it can be easily introduced into the bowl.
Referring now to FIG. 12, the plug of tobacco identical with that
described in FIG. 11, comprises a pack of tobacco 120 with an axial
conduit 121, and the base of the plug is provided with a circular
ring of a material which may advantageouly be sweet-smelling or
odoriferous, indicating to the smoker the necessity of stopping
smoking as soon as it begins to be consumed.
FIG. 13 shows an alternative form of construction of a plug of
tobacco for pipes designed without a conduit, formed by a pack of
tobacco 130, an axial conduit 131 extending partially over part of
the plug body from the extremity of the initial combustion source
towards the suction extremity, this conduit being blind and being
closed at the bottom by a fluid-tight wall 132. With this
fluid-tight wall there is obtained the same fresh-air circuit so as
to mix this latter with the smoke, as in the case shown in FIG.
9.
In an alternative form of this construction shown in FIG. 14, the
pack of tobacco 140 with its axial conduit 141 and its fluid-tight
bottom wall 132 is provided at its periphery and at its base with a
ring 143 which, as in the case of FIG. 12, may be sweet-smelling or
odoriferous, again for the purpose of telling the smoker that the
plug of tobacco is almost entirely consumed, and that there is
danger in going beyond this limit.
According to a further foem of embodiment shown in FIG. 15, the
fluid-tight bottom wall which is intended to close the axial
conduit is constituted by a a full or partly full cylinder 152
placed at the suction side extremity of the axial conduit 151,
which extends on each side of the pack of tobacco 150. This
construction provides two possibilities of use, either to use this
plug of tobacco in a conventional pipe or to employ it in a pipe of
the kind described in FIGS. 9 and 10, that is to say comprising an
axial conduit incorporated in the pipe. In this case, it will be
necessary to remove the full cylinder 152 and there is then
obtained a plug in accordance with that shown in FIG. 11.
As has been described in FIG. 6 for the production of cigarettes,
there may advantageously be arranged in the pack of tobacco 150 a
hollow cylinder 153 which will for example precede the cylinder 152
and which is to be removed at the time of consumption of the plug
of tobacco. This cylinder has the purpose of facilitating the
formation of the axial conduit 151 and to protect this latter from
possible crushing at the time of bundling together in packets.
FIGS. 9 the case of pipes which are not designed to receive an
axial conduit such as that described in FIGS.9 and 10 and which the
smoker does not wish to have adapted to plugs of tobacco designed
with conduits, there is provided an axial removable conduit shown
in FIG. 7, which is constituted by a tube 170 provided with
perforations 171, one extremity of which is provided with a pointed
fluid-tight end 172. This end portion 172 may be fixed to the tube
170 or it may be removable. For its utilization, it is only
necessary in insert the conduit provided with the end portion in
the plug of tobacco until the pointed end 172 slightly projects
from the lower extremity so as to form, with the outlet of the
suction tube of the pipe, an annular space to permit the passage of
the air-smoke mixture. The tube 170 may be removed at that moment
-- when ready to smoke the pipe -- and may thus be used several
times, only the end-piece 172 being consumed. This end-piece may
also be sweet-smelling or odoriferous. It is clear that the conduit
shown in FIG. 17 may also be employed with plugs of tobacco of the
same type as that shown in the figure, in which the axial conduit
111 facilitates penetration of the removable conduit.
In the forms of embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 17, the bottom wall has
been described as being constituted by a pastille or the extremity
of a full or partially hollow cylinder, but it is obvious that it
may be formed by any other device acting as an obstacle to the
direct flow of fresh air, and may take any useful form such as a
sphere, etc., making it possible to obtain, in combination with the
conduit, all the advantages desired, namely condensation of toxic
vapors, super-oxygenated combustion source resulting in a more
complete combustion of the substances, super-oxygenated axis over
the whole length of the tobacco to be smoked, combustion source of
ring shepe: resulting in a reduction of the combustion temperature
by the elimination of the centre of the combustions source, the
addition of relatively pure ambient air over the whole length of
the device to be smoked, along its axis, which cools down the smoke
and proportionally reduces the virulence of the said smoke.
These advantages are fundamental since it is admitted that the lack
of oxygen at the axis of the cigarette or cigar and its high
temperature (700.degree. to 780.degree.C.) permit the vaporization
of certain elements such as polycyclic aromatic compounds and other
compounds such as pyridine liberated by nicotine, a solubilizing
solvent of the hydrocarbons belonging to the family of benzenes,
together with others such as hydro-cyanic acid, ethanol,
formaldehyde and the ketones, and including radio-active substances
such as polonium, the common action of which in inducing cancer is
several times greater than that of the benzo-(A)-pyrene present in
the tar produced by tobacco.
The invention hereinbefore described in respect of its various
forms of embodiment permits the association therewith of other
elements such as filter-tips of conventional types.
FIG. 5 shows a cigarette provided at its suction extremity with a
filter 53 for filtering the air-smoke mixture before it reaches the
smoker. It is also possible to provide an external end-piece 65
adapted to fit on the suction extremity of the cigarette as shown
in FIG. 6, and this end-piece may be of cardboard paper, cork or
other suitable material, sweet-smelling or odoriferous, not thicker
than the wrappers of the standard filter tip, the combustion of
which may cause an odour disagreeable to the smoker, and indicating
the necessity that he should stop smoking.
Similarly, with reference to pipes, the plug of tobacco shown in
FIG. 16 comprises a filter tip 164 stuck to the base of the pack of
tobacco 160 in juxtaposition to the fluid-tight bottom wall 162,
and surrounded externally by the ring 163 which may in its turn
also be of sweet-smelling or odoriferous material.
* * * * *