U.S. patent number 3,905,366 [Application Number 05/384,706] was granted by the patent office on 1975-09-16 for injection syringe with shiftable comparison indicator.
Invention is credited to Lothar Barensfeld, George Edgar Callahan.
United States Patent |
3,905,366 |
Callahan , et al. |
September 16, 1975 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
Injection syringe with shiftable comparison indicator
Abstract
A syringe for injections has a scale and an index or comparison
mark arranged for relative displacement so that they may be reset
to zero before each injection thus to permit accurate determination
of each dose.
Inventors: |
Callahan; George Edgar (D-4000
Dusseldorf-Nord, DT), Barensfeld; Lothar (D-5070
Bergisch Gladbach, DT) |
Family
ID: |
4374423 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/384,706 |
Filed: |
August 1, 1973 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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|
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Aug 3, 1972 [CH] |
|
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11532/72 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
604/209;
604/224 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61M
5/31525 (20130101); A61M 5/3158 (20130101); A61M
5/31551 (20130101); A61M 5/288 (20130101); A61M
2005/3125 (20130101); A61M 5/31593 (20130101); A61M
5/3202 (20130101); A61M 2005/3126 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61M
5/315 (20060101); A61M 5/28 (20060101); A61M
5/31 (20060101); A61M 5/32 (20060101); A61M
005/315 (); A61J 001/06 () |
Field of
Search: |
;128/218C,218PA,215,272,218R,218P,234,218D
;222/31,32,33,41,43,44,47,49,155,157 ;73/426-428,429-431
;116/118R |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Gaudet; Richard A.
Assistant Examiner: McGowan; J. C.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Fitzpatrick, Cella, Harper &
Scinto
Claims
We claim:
1. Injection syringe comprising cylinder means having a closed end
receiving one end of a cannula therethrough, a piston in said
cylinder means, means for shifting said piston longitudinally in
said cylinder means to dispense a dose of fluid from said cylinder
through the cannula, a dosage scale associated with said means for
shifting said piston, and a dosage comparison indicator positioned
in a portion of said cylinder means to indicate the dosage
discharged upon movement of said piston in said cylinder means,
said indicator being shiftable in said cylinder to reset the dosage
indication at the starting point after each discharge.
2. Injection syringe according to claim 1, wherein the means for
shifting the piston comprises a stop device for moving the
comparison indicator into zero position upon insertion of the means
for shifting the piston into the piston.
3. Injection syringe according to claim 1, wherein the comparison
indicator is arranged shiftably in a portion of the cylinder means,
a spring is provided for urging the comparison indicator against
the stop device and in that, for fixing the comparison indicator in
zero position against the force of the spring before injection,
stop means are provided between the comparison indicator and said
portion of the cylinder means.
4. Injection syringe according to claim 3, wherein said portion of
the cylinder means comprises a transparent tubular extension of the
cylinder means, said comparison indicator comprises a ring
encircling the means for shifting the piston and in that the stop
means is a complementary gearing provided in segments on the inside
of the tubular extension and the outside of said ring which can be
engaged or disengaged by rotation of the ring.
5. Injection syringe according to claim 4, wherein a tube member
having inner gearing is provided within said extension and the
comparison indicator or ring and means for shifting the piston and
tubular extension are provided with complementary longitudinal
guiding grooves wherefore rotation of the extension with respect to
the cylinder means or the tube member engages or disengages the
complementary gearings on the ring and on the tube member.
6. Injection syringe according to claim 4, wherein the comparison
indicator or ring and means for shifting the piston are provided
with complementary longitudinal grooves wherefore rotation of the
means for shifting the piston engages or disengages the
complementary gearings on the ring and on the tubular
extension.
7. Injection syringe according to claim 4, wherein the comparison
indicator comprises a ring encircling the means for shifting the
piston, and the stop device is a lever passing through the tubular
extension for ratchet engagement with the surface of the ring with
the comparison indicator directed in one direction.
8. Injection syringe according to claim 7, wherein the means for
shifting the piston comprises at least one limit stop at a distance
corresponding to a predetermined partial dosage, the stop being
indirectly engageable with the cylinder means during discharge,
wherefore the piston advance is locked after delivery of the
predetermined partial dosage.
9. Injection syringe according to claim 8, wherein the distance of
the stop from the cylinder means can be adjusted to select various
dosages.
Description
The present invention relates to an injection syringe, and more
particularly to a syringe having means for determining the quantity
delivered during injection, particularly partial quantities of a
complete filling.
It is known to provide a scale on the cylinder of injection
syringes and injection phials, which, for example in mass
vaccinations or other dispensation of preparations to several
patients, makes it possible to read the dose delivered. However, in
each injection, the quantity to be delivered must be deduced from
the last gauge reading, calculating or reading mistakes are
frequent.
We contribute, by the present invention, means to avoid the
disadvantages of the known syringes and in particular to provide an
injection syringe with which it is possible to assure the precision
of injection deliveries of predetermined partial quantities.
According to the present invention, this problem is resolved by
arranging a scale and/or an index or comparison mark so that the
same are relatively displaceable with respect to each other and
resettable to zero before each injection. The invention may also be
advantageously used immediately for the delivery of medications by
means of injection syringes or for dosing the components when
composing infusion and rinsing solutions. In this case, it is
possible to use all known types of injection syringes as well as
ready-for-use syringes or phials which are to be used immediately
as syringe cylinders and can be placed into syringe frames. In the
latter case, the arrangement of the scale and of the comparison
mark may either be provided on the phial carrier or,
advantageously, directly on the phial.
The new syringe may be used with particular advantage for composing
infusion or rinsing solutions if in combination with the scale
settable to zero, the scale division itself, instead of being
gauged in volume units, is gauged in direct proportionality with
the composition of the syringe contents. Possible scale divisions
may particularly be: Weight units of dissolved substances, insulin,
vitamin, etc. units, molar units, milliequivalents (mval), cation
and/or anion units etc.
The present invention may be realized in a particularly simple
manner in injection syringes with a transparent cylinder if the
scale is displaceable on a scale support extending in the
longitudinal direction of the cylinder. The comparison mark may
then preferably be provided directly on the piston. Such a scale
arrangement may, for example, be achieved by tubular segmental
scale supports which may also be stacked subsequently onto
conventional cylinders. A simple realization is also possible if
the scale is arranged on a stripe-shaped scale support shaped as a
tubular segment encircling the cylinder by at least more than
180.degree., for example, which is fixed in a holder provided on
the cylinder to be shiftable in the longitudinal direction thereof.
Also, the scale support may be tubular and may be arranged on the
cylinder to be shiftable on the same by means of a thread or by
friction. As can be seen, in practical realization of the various
embodiments, the scale support may also be fixed and analogously
the comparison mark shiftable.
Especially when using injection phials with a closure plug to be
used as a piston, the invention can be realized advantageously if
the scale support is arranged in the piston rod and if the latter
comprises a stop member for fixing the comparison mark in zero
position upon extraction of the piston rod or upon shifting the
comparison mark towards the cylinder. It is particularly simple in
this way to achieve automatic resetting of the comparison mark to
zero during insertion of the piston rod into the piston of the full
or partially emptied phial by former injections. In this case,
automatic resetting of the comparison mark to zero can be assured
in subsequent injections if, on the support, there is provided a
spring for shifting the comparison mark against the stop and if,
for fixing the comparison mark in zero position against the force
of the spring before injection, there is provided a stop device
between the comparison mark and the support. In practical use, zero
position may hereby be achieved in a simple manner by disengaging
the stop device before injection.
Such a device may be realized in a particularly simple manner if
the holder is a transparent tube in engagement with the syringe
cylinder, the holder having frictionally supported therein a ring
encircling the piston rod and bearing a comparison or index mark,
and if the stop device is a complementary gearing provided in
segments on the inside of the tube or on the outside of the
comparison mark, which can be engaged or disengaged by rotation of
the ring. Engaging or disengaging of the stop device is achieved in
a most simple way by rotation of the tube or the comparison mark
provided as a support. In order to further simplify the device, the
ring of the comparison mark may also thus be arranged
longitudinally on the piston rod so that rotation of the latter
engages or disengages the gearing of the comparison mark ring and
the tube.
To make dosing of partial quantities completely independent from
reading, it is furthermore suggested to provide between the scale
support and the comparison mark at least one further stop device at
a distance from the zero position corresponding to a predetermined
partial quantity, the stop device being thus engaged during
injection so that the piston advance is blocked after the
predetermined partial quantity has been reached. It may also be
advantageous if, for adjusting to different dose quantities, the
stop device is made adjustable.
There has thus been outlined rather broadly the more important
features of the invention in order that the detailed description
thereof that follows may be better understood, and in order that
the present contribution to the art may be better appreciated.
There are, of course, additional features of the invention that
will be described hereinafter and which will form the subject of
the claims appended hereto. Those skilled in the art will
appreciate that the conception upon which this disclosure is based
may readily be utilized as a basis for the designing of other
structures for carrying out the several purposes of the invention.
It is important therefore, that the claims be regarded as including
such equivalent constructions as do not depart from the spirit and
scope of the invention.
Specific embodiments of the invention have been chosen for purposes
of illustration and description, and are shown in the accompanying
drawings, forming a part of the specification wherein:
FIG. 1 is a fragmentary view, partially in cross section,
illustrating an injection phial of a type contemplated;
FIG. 1a shows the scale support of the injection phial of FIG. 1
with modified scale division and on an enlarged scale;
FIG. 2 is a cross-section of an injection syringe;
FIGS. 2a - 2c illustrate an injection syringe according to the
present invention in various phases of actuation;
FIG. 3a is a partial section through a modified embodiment of an
injection syringe;
FIG. 3b is a cross section through the injection syringe of FIG. 3a
in the range of the comparison mark;
FIG. 4a is a partial sectional view taken through an injection
syringe with automatic resetting to zero;
FIG. 4b is a cross section through the injection syringe of FIG.
4a;
FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view through a further modified
embodiment of the invention; and
FIG. 6 is a modified embodiment of the injection syringe of FIG.
2.
According to FIG. 1, an injection phial comprises a cylinder 1
which in a known manner is provided for insertion into a known
syringe frame and is sealed on one end with a plug 2 having a
puncture location 2a for the needle, as well as by a second plug
serving as a piston 3. The transparent cylinder 1 is encircled by a
tubular scale carrier 4. The scale carrier 4 is frictionally
arranged on the cylinder 1 such that the zero value may be brought
in line with the front edge of piston 3 before starting the
injection by shifting the scale 5, as indicated by the
double-headed arrow.
FIG. 1a shows a scale support 4 with a modified scale division
which, in combination with the zero position of the beginning of
the scale according to the present invention, is especially
suitable for the composition of rinsing and infusion solutions. The
shown scale range corresponds to a cylinder filling of 30 ml
containing 162.5 mmol NaCl in aqueous solution.
During injection of the contents into 1.000 ml aqua pro infusione,
the concentration obtained at any time may immediately be read on
scale 5a.
Also during addition of the contents of the syringe by injection in
one of the usual 500 ml infusion bottles, the concentration
obtained may be read without any calculation and without
difficulties from scale 5b. Frequently used concentrations, such as
140, 77, 70, 50, 35 or 20 mmol/1 may in this way be composed most
easily even by inexperienced personnel. Especially with cylinder
phials filled by the producer, for insertion into syringe frames,
an appropriate selection of the scale division and/or solution
concentration makes it possible to compose any combinations. Also,
the analogous scale division may be effected in milliequivalent
cation or anion or in vitamin units so that individual composition
of such solutions is possible without difficulty. By resetting the
scales to zero after each injection, several deliveries from the
phials may be effected economically and without any danger of
improper dosage due to a mistake in calculation.
FIG. 2 shows a syringe phial with a cylinder 1 ready for use on one
end of which there has been placed a cannula 7 and, on the other
side, a handle 8. The handle 8 is a transparent tube in which the
piston rod 9 is positioned. The piston rod 9 carries a scale 5, the
relative position of which with respect to the comparison mark 10,
makes it possible to read delivered partial quantities of the
filling. The comparison mark 10 is arranged on a ring 11 which is
frictionally engaged in the handle to be shiftable and may be
adjusted by the stop device 12. The function can be seen from FIGS.
2a - 2c.
Before injection, the ring 11 is shifted to the end of the handle 8
by pressure on the piston rod 9. Because of frictional engagement
with the handle 8, the ring 11 remains in this position until it is
shifted by stop device 12 during insertion of the piston rod 9 into
piston 3. According to FIG. 2b, the special arrangement of the stop
assures that the scale is compulsorily reset to zero before
beginning an injection. As shown in FIG. 2c, the exact reading of
the dispensed partial quantity is made possible during
injection.
FIG. 3a shows a partial section through a modified embodiment of
the invention in which the ring 11, which carries the comparison
mark 10, is biased against stop device 12 by spring 13. The handle
8 and the ring 11 are provided according to FIG. 3b with
complementary gearings 16, 16a in segments so that the ring may
selectively be engaged with or disengaged from the handle 8 by
rotation around its axis. The piston rod 9 and the ring 11 are then
engaged via grooves 17 and projections 18 so that rotation of the
ring 11 and therefore engagement or disengagement of the handle 8
can be obtained by rotation of the piston rod 9. In operation, the
chosen arrangement makes it possible to disengage the ring 11 from
the handle 8 before each injection by rotation of the piston rod 9
so that, because of biasing by spring 13, zero position of the
comparison mark 10 on the stop device 12 is obtained. Rotation of
the piston rod 9 then re-engages the gearing 16 so that ring 11 is
locked against the biasing tension of spring 13 and the piston
advance during injection can be read by comparison of the position
of scale 5 with the position of the comparison mark 10. After
delivery of a partial quantity, the rotation of piston rod 9 again
effects resetting to zero in a simple manner, whereby it is again
possible in the next injection to effect readings starting with
zero.
FIGS. 4a and 4b show an injection syringe in which a transparent
inner tube having inner gear segments is rotatably supported in a
transparent handle, the phial-side end of the inner tube 14
preventing rotation with respect to the inserted cylinder 1, for
example by means of cams or the friction surface 15. The ring 11,
gearing in segments on the outside and transparent at least within
the range of the comparison mark 10 comprises a spring 13 pressing
against the back end of the inner tube. The piston rod 9 with scale
5 is provided with one or several longitudinal grooves 17 the front
ends of which are stop devices of safety elements for the index
support to prevent relative rotation thereof and furthermore to
assure the transmission of the rotation of the handle 8 to the
piston rod 9 by means of the cams 23 of the handle, and therefore
also to the ring 11 and to the comparison mark 10.
The pressure spring 13 brings ring 11, and therefore comparison
mark 10 as well as piston rod 9, into its original position
according to FIG. 2a. Upon insertion into the cylinder 1, as in
FIG. 2b, the piston rod 9 and the ring 11 are shifted backwards
into zero position, and a tight connection is created between
cylinder 1 and inner tube 14. The movement of rotation with which
the handle 8 and the cylinder 1 are locked by bayonet holder 24, is
transmitted to the piston rod 9 and the ring 11 which is
longitudinally fixed by the outer gearing 16 now entering into
engagement with the inner gearing 16a of the inner tube 14. The
procedure is now prosecuted as shown in FIG. 2c. Resetting to zero
is effected by spring 13 upon disengaging and re-engaging the
handle 8 with the partially emptied cylinder 1, i.e. by two
opposite rotational movements of the handle 8 with respect to the
inner tube 14 fixed on cylinder 1.
FIG. 5 shows an injection syringe which constructively corresponds
to the example of FIG. 3 to a great extent. However, instead of
stopping the comparison mark by the described gearing, there is
only provided on the handle a resiliently biased stop device 19
which is engaged with ring 11 through an opening in the handle 8.
The zero position of scale 5 and of comparison mark 10 is possible
in a simple manner by temporarily disengaging the stop device
19.
FIG. 6 shows an injection syringe the construction of which
approximately corresponds to the example of FIG. 2. For the sake of
clarity, the stop device of ring 11 has not been shown, but of
course any such device, for example those of FIGS. 3, 4 or 5, may
be provided.
As shown, the piston rod 9 is provided with an outer threading 21
so that a screwnut with inner threading provided as stop device 22
can be adjusted by choice. As can be seen, the stop device 22
becomes engaged with the comparison mark during advance of the
piston, whereby further injection is stopped upon corresponding
stopping of ring 11 by means of handle 8. The quantity to be
delivered may consequently be thus preselected by correspondingly
adjusting the stop device 22 so that it cannot be exceeded during
injection once the desired quantity has been preselected.
The ring 11 of the chosen construction serves to lock the stop
device 22 and also to support the comparison mark 10. Naturally, a
separate element may be provided instead without departing from the
scope of the present invention.
It should also be considered as equivalent to provide, instead of
simple longitudinal shifting of the comparison mark 10, or of the
scale support 4, corresponding threadings on the scale support 4
and/or on the comparison mark 10 and to obtain zero resetting
analogously by rotation of the elements of the syringe.
We believe that the construction and operation of our novel syringe
will now be understood and that the advantages thereof will be
fully appreciated by those persons skilled in the art.
* * * * *