U.S. patent number 3,905,322 [Application Number 05/467,284] was granted by the patent office on 1975-09-16 for boat mooring cleat.
Invention is credited to Ramon Figueroa, Donald J. Peterman.
United States Patent |
3,905,322 |
Peterman , et al. |
September 16, 1975 |
Boat mooring cleat
Abstract
A boat mooring cleat, for attachment to a cement structure such
as a sea wall, having a horn portion connected to a base portion by
a pair of spaced apart legs, the base portion being comprised of a
pair of generally right angularly disposed plates, the first of
which is adapted to overlie an upper portion of the outer face of a
sea wall, the second plate being adapted to overlie an outer
portion of the top surface thereof. Pins are provided on the first
plate for attachment through the outer face of the sea wall and
holes are provided in the second plate to receive attachment means,
extending through the sea wall top surface. The outer faces of the
horn and first plate are generally coplanar.
Inventors: |
Peterman; Donald J. (Coral
Gables, FL), Figueroa; Ramon (Miami, FL) |
Family
ID: |
23855101 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/467,284 |
Filed: |
May 6, 1974 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
114/218;
D8/382 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B63B
21/045 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B63B
21/04 (20060101); B63B 21/00 (20060101); B63B
021/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;114/218,217,230
;105/369A,368T ;248/222 ;24/115J,115K,129R,130 ;D8/232 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Blix; Trygve M.
Assistant Examiner: Basinger; Sherman D.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A boat mooring cleat for attachment to a concrete structure such
as a sea wall comprising,
A. a horn having,
1. a pair of projections, extending generally outwardly and
upwardly in opposed directions,
2. a generally horizontal central portion connecting between said
pair;
B. a base comprising,
1. a generally vertical plate member spaced from said horn and
having an outer face generally vertically coplanar with the outer
face of said horn,
2. a generally horizontal plate member integral with and extending
inwardly from the top of said vertical plate member, generally at
right angles thereto;
C. integral connection means between said horn and base;
D. means to connect said base to the concrete structure including a
horizontal, inwardly extending pin, integral with said vertical
plate.
2. A boat mooring cleat as defined in claim 1 wherein said means to
connect includes through hole means in said horizontal plate for
vertical passage therethrough of attachment means, such as bolt
means, generally at right angles to said pin.
3. A boat mooring cleat as defined in claim 1 wherein said integral
connection means comprises a pair of vertical, spaced apart legs
extending between the respective ends of said horizontal central
portion and said base.
4. A boat mooring cleat as defined in claim 1 wherein said means to
connect includes horizontal, inwardly projecting pin means,
integral with said vertical plate and vertical, downwardly
projecting pin means, integral with said horizontal plate.
5. A boat mooring cleat as defined in claim 1 wherein said means to
connect comprises through hole means in said vertical and
horizontal plates for passage therethrough of attachment means such
as bolt means.
6. A boat mooring cleat as defined in claim 1 including a
longitudinal beveled, integral connection between said vertical and
horizontal plates.
Description
STATE OF THE PRIOR ART
Cleats of this general nature have been used for many years for
attachment to boat decks, piers, sea walls, etc. The conventional
cleat structure comprises a horn and a pair of spaced apart legs
connecting the horn to a base portion which generally consists of a
longitudinal bar, under the horn, having through holes adjacent the
opposed ends thereof to receive attachment means such as bolts.
When the cleat is attached to a structure such as a boat deck or a
pier where holes can be readily drilled therethrough in registry
with the holes in the base portion, conventional nut and bolt
attachment means are generally used to provide a rigid, long
lasting connection therebetween.
However, when it is desirable to attach a cleat of this nature to a
concrete sea wall or the like, it is necessary to drill an enlarged
hole in the top surface of the sea wall or cap thereof and to apply
any of a variety of inserts in the drilled holes to receive a
fastening means, extending through the holes in the cleat base
portion.
The inserts may be provided by pouring molten lead into the holes
or may consist of any of a variety of commercially available
devices provided for this general purpose. When a boat is tied to a
cleat, fastened to a sea wall, substantial forces are exerted on
the cleat from ever changing directions, and these forces are
directly transmitted to the fastening means. The substantial forces
are generally caused by winds, tides, wakes of passing boats, etc.,
and the directions of these forces vary considerably, for instance,
wind forces may be ever changing in a given plane, however, the
waves created by the winds continually change the plane of the
forces. Forces created by boat wakes create the same situation and
the rise and fall of the tides in combination with wind forces and
the forces created by boat wakes create a situation in which the
forces are exerted in ever changing directions.
In fact, the line connection between the boat and the cleat
generally results in continually varying forces which create a
situation simulating a person grasping a firmly held object with a
pair of plyers and working it in all directions in an attempt to
loosen said object.
Another problem, encountered with mounting a conventional cleat to
a cement structure such as a sea wall, cement pier or the like, is
the location of the cleat on top of the sea wall or pier relative
to the outer face or edge thereof. Generally, the cement structure
includes reinforcing rods, adjacent the outer face or edge which
necessitates the positioning of the cleat at least several inches
inwardly thereof. As a result, the line is often subjected to
chafing by the rubbing action against the edges of the sea walls or
piers, especially at low tides. As a result, various types of line
guards are commercially available to protect against this rubbing
and chafing and if some protective device is not employed, a
mooring line could be weakened to a point of breaking, resulting in
damage to or destruction of the boat.
BACKGROUND OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
The present invention provides a cleat, for attachment to the top
of a concrete sea wall, pier or the like, for mooring or tying up a
boat. The cleat is comprised generally of a conventional type of
horn, rigidly connected to a base portion by a pair of spaced apart
legs. The base portion consists of a pair of generally right
angularly disposed plates, the first of which is vertically
disposed and is engaged against a top portion of the outer vertical
face of a sea wall, pier or the like and a second, horizontally
disposed plate is engaged against an outer portion of the top face
thereof.
The first plate portion includes an inwardly projecting pin means
which is embedded in the sea wall and the second plate portion
includes hole means for receiving attachment means therethrough to
be embedded in the sea wall or the like at right angles to the pin
means.
Therefore, one of the principal objects of the present invention is
to provide a cleat structure, for attachment to a concrete
structure such as a sea wall, pier or the like, which will
withstand all stresses and strains, imposed thereon by a moored
boat subjected to varying wind and tidal conditions in addition to
wave forces etc.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a cleat
structure as above described wherein the outer faces of the horn
and said first or vertical plate are generally coplanar to prevent
contact between a line, extending between the boat and the cleat,
and the sea wall, pier or the like.
A still further object of this invention is to provide a cleat
structure for permanent attachment to a cement structure such as a
sea wall, pier or the like which may be inexpensively cast in one
piece.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the cleat of the present invention
attached to the top portion or cap of a sea wall;
FIG. 2 is a front elevational view of the cleat, illustrated in
FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the cleat illustrated in FIG. 1;
and
FIG. 4 is a vertical cross sectional view taken along the line 4--4
of FIG. 1.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
With reference to the drawings, in which like reference numerals
designate like or similar parts throughout the various views, and
with particular reference to FIG. 1, the cleat of the present
invention is indicated generally at 10 in a fixed relation to a sea
wall 12.
The cleat 10 includes a generally conventional horn portion 14 and
a pair of spaced apart legs 16 and 18 connecting to a base portion
20. As best illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the horn portion 14
includes a pair of oppositely extending projections 22 and 24,
extending outwardly and generally upwardly respective to the legs
16 and 18, and an integrally formed central span portion 26
connecting between the legs 16 and 18.
The legs 16 and 18 connect to the base portion 20, the outer face
28 of the horn 14 geing generally coplanar with the outer face 30
of a generally vertically disposed, plate portion 32 of the base
20. A horizontal plate portion 34 is angled generally at right
angles to the plate portion 32 in a manner whereby said plates 32
and 34 respectively overlie an upper, outer vertical face portion
of a sea wall or the like and a portion of the top horizontal
surface of the upper end or cap thereof.
With reference to FIG. 4, the vertically disposed plate 32 provides
an inwardly projecting horizontal pin 36 which is adapted to be
embedded in the sea wall, pier or the like. A pair of through holes
38 and 40 are provided in the horizontally disposed plate 34 for
the reception therethrough of fastening means such as the bolts 42,
the inner portions 44 of which are embedded in the sea wall or the
like at right angles to the pin 36.
In a new construction, the pin 36 and bolt inner end portions 44
can obviously be embedded directly in the concrete and when the
cleat of the present invention is being applied to an existing sea
wall or the like, appropriate holes 46 and 48 are drilled
respectively, by conventional means, through the inner face and top
thereof.
As illustrated in FIG. 4, the hole 46 is filled with an appropriate
grout material 50 and the pin 36 is embedded therein. Any type of
conventional inserts 52 may be applied in the pair of holes 48 to
fixedly receive the bolts 42. The pin 36, therefore, extends
horizontally inwardly through the front face of the sea wall 12 and
the bolts 42 extend vertically, downwardly through the top face
thereof at right angles to said pin 36. Consequently, the cleat of
the present invention is fixed relative to the sea wall or the like
in a manner so as to effectively resist stresses and strains
imparted thereto from all directions as determined by winds, tides,
boat wakes, etc.
Various changes and modifications can be made in the present
invention without departing from the true spirit thereof. For
instance, a pair of downwardly projecting pins may be substituted
for the bolts 42 and a bolt may be substituted for the pin 36. For
a new construction, the pin 36 may be retained as illustrated and
described and a pair of pins may be substituted for the bolts 42
and 44 and for applications to existing sea walls or the like, a
bolt may be substituted for the pin 36, thereby providing three
inwardly projecting bolt connections to the sea wall, pier or the
like.
As best illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 4, a typical sea wall is
generally provided with a beveled upper, forward edge as indicated
at 51. The connection between the vertical and horizontal plates is
therefore angled as at 52 to accommodate the bevel 51, however, for
installations on structures not having a beveled edge, the
connection between the plates may be formed accordingly.
* * * * *