U.S. patent number 3,905,113 [Application Number 05/444,849] was granted by the patent office on 1975-09-16 for dental health tool and method of disrupting plaque.
Invention is credited to Joseph Jacob.
United States Patent |
3,905,113 |
Jacob |
September 16, 1975 |
Dental health tool and method of disrupting plaque
Abstract
A dental health tool and method of negating the ability of
plaque forming bacteria to build plaque sanctuaries between and
around tooth structure. The tool is a means for securing bristles
to the skin surface of a finger of the user in order to permit both
the finger nerves and gum tissue nerves to guide the use of the
tool.
Inventors: |
Jacob; Joseph (Bay Village,
OH) |
Family
ID: |
23766609 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/444,849 |
Filed: |
February 22, 1974 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
433/216;
15/167.1; 401/6; 601/139 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61C
15/00 (20130101); A46B 5/04 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A46B
5/04 (20060101); A46B 5/00 (20060101); A61C
15/00 (20060101); A61H 007/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;15/227 ;132/88.7,88.5
;401/7 ;32/4R ;128/62A |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Peshock; Robert
Claims
I claim:
1. A dental health tool, comprising:
a flexible sheet base member having a top and bottom surface;
a plurality of bristles carried by said base member, each bristle
having a beginning portion substantially at said bottom surface,
said bristle extending through said base member and emanating from
said top surface in an erect attitude orientated such that pressure
applied to said bristle in a direction along its major axis will be
transmitted through the base member to said beginning portion;
and
an adhesive coating on said bottom side of said base member, said
coating being of a film nature in thickness with said beginning
portion protruding, and which is pressure sensitive to human
skin,
whereby, when the base member is applied to the finger surface it
will hold said bristle beginning portion pressed into intimate
contact with the finger nerve endings of the user.
2. A dental tool as defined in claim 1, in which each bristle
extends through the sheet base and loops back to present two
bristle ends, and a lock strand extends through the loop on the
bottom side of said base, said loop portion positioned below said
bottom side to provide essentially direct contact with the skin of
the user separated therefrom only by said adhesive coating.
3. A dental health tool, comprising:
a plurality of bristles each having a base end and an opposite tip
end;
a flexible web bonding said bristles into a unitary structure with
the web defining a bottom surface substantially coincident with the
said bristle base ends, each bristle extending through said web in
an erect attitude orientated such that pressure applied to a
bristle in a direction along its major axis will be transmitted
through the web to said base end, and;
an adhesive coating on said bottom surface which is adherent to
human skin and of film nature in thickness with said base end
protruding,
Whereby, when the web is applied to the finger surface it will hold
said bristle base end pressed into intimate contact with the finger
nerve endings of the user.
4. A dental health tool comprising:
a flexible sheet member having a top and bottom surface, with a
plan outline which is rounded in a main body configuration, having
a notch removed at a front end to permit attachment to a finger
surface without wrinkle;
a plurality of bristles carried by said base member emanating from
said top surface in an erect attitude; and
an adhesive coating on said bottom which is pressure sensitive to
human skin whereby, when the web is applied to the finger surface
it will hold said bristle base end pressed into intimate contact
with the finger nerve endings of the user.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
One of the objects of "tooth brushing" (mouth cleaning is a
preferable term) is to interrupt the harmful bacterial activity,
break its cycle and thereby prevent the destruction of the "Chewing
Apparatus."
To date two of the most influential men in the field of Preventive
Dentistry, Dr. C. C. Bass and Dr. Sumpter Arnim have provided the
basis from which most of the present day thoughts and techniques
have evolved concerning prevention of dental disease through
effective personal oral hygiene. Dr. Robert Barkley has been the
impetus to bring this knowledge forth and into a workable,
explainable program.
Excerpts taken from one of the many papers written by Sumpter Arnim
B.S. D.D.S. P.H.D., Professor Pathology, University of Texas Dental
Branch, Houston, Texas are set forth below. These excerpts are
taken from a paper written for the Journal of Tennessee State
Dental Association, 39-1. Much of this work was done in the 1950's
and 1960's but is current in our approach to prevention at this
time. An understanding of the problem to be overcome is essential
to an understanding of the novel solution provided by this
invention.
"The microbial masses develop within an enveloping zoogleal gel
that forms an invisible but effective semi-permeable osmotic
barrier between the community and its immediate environment. In
addition to the organized adherent colonies, the gel contains a
variable polyglot population of free living motile or non-motile
bacteria, protozoa, fungi, yeasts, tissue fluids and cellular
elements that wend their way in and out of the peripheral fingers
of the community. As the communities grow in size and the variety
of inhabitants increases, living and dying in symbiotic
relationships, while separated from the remainder of the mouth by
the semi-permeable zoogleal barrier, a little microscopic world
comes into being with discernable morphologic attributes and
detectable physiologic and pathologic activities. When end products
of the proliferating, degenerating, fermenting or putrefying mass
affect adjoining tissues they incite a pathologic response. This
microbial community with its enveloping gel functions, in its
entirety, as a microscopic entity is called the microcosm."
"The Microcosms vary in appearance, location and content and are
usually named accordingly, such as: microcosm associated with a
carious lesion, gingival microcosm, periodontal microcosms, lingual
microcosm, and tonsillar microcosm."
This microcosm (or plaque as it is popularly called) is the
substance that, if left in place in its dark, warm, protected areas
of the mouth, can cause gum tissue (or periodontal) disease and
dental caries.
"By repeated, thorough, systematic cleansing of the oral cavity and
the teeth, we may far reduce the amount of fermentable substance in
the mouth and the number of fermentable organisms as to materially
diminish the production of Acid."
Reduction in turn will aid in controlling dental decay and
periodontal disease.
"It may be removed easily in 18-24 hours, (the time of the
bacterial cycle) but after 24 hours it is not easy to remove. After
48 hours its removal becomes difficult and after a week it is very
difficult if not impossible to remove with a brush and water. It is
generally conceded that once the zoogleal substances cost a tooth,
the first organism to take up a more or less permanent abode are
the Coccoid forms. They are soon followed by the filamenteous
bacteria that cling very tenaciously to the tooth and tissue
surfaces. Once removed by personal oral hygiene, the filaments will
return in 24-48 hours. They are accompanied by and interspersed
with epithelial cells, white blood cells, red blood cells and many
other varieties of microorganism. If they are left undisturbed by
the toothbrush, pick or other mechanical device for several days,
this microcosm will be well established and difficult to remove.
Depending upon the nature of the microbial population, the kind of
nutrients available and other environmental factors, the microcosm
may mineralize forming calculus on the tooth surface, or it may
reverse this process and demineralize the tooth surface creating a
carious lesion and/or produce toxic products leading to the
inception of periodontal or other disease."
The enamel area covering the teeth is very difficult to clean,
particularly between the teeth and in the interior surface of the
mouth. This hard enamel generally stops near or at the gum line,
i.e., the gingivae, and at this point is extended by material
called cementum, which is a soft substance. With the advent of
adulthood, and in advancing years, the gum line can recede, even in
healthy persons, thus exposing more and more of this soft area of
cementum. Vigorous brushing is inclined to scratch this area,
causing V-shaped grooves, which are cut in the teeth at the gum
line and could require restoring, even though there is no evidence
of decay. It would appear that the general tendency has been
towards cure-alls in the line of dentifrice improvements, which are
to accomplish that which the toothbrush is designed to do.
One particular difficulty that is present in all toothbrushing is
the fact that the hand moving through the arm and elbow is used to
control a 6 inch toothbrush having several rows of bristles and
this must move and cover various very small areas of the mouth. The
movement of the arm can accomplish this purpose only with certain
distinct limitations. This is because the degree of control in the
arm is not adapted to such fine motions required to accomplish the
covering of all areas of the teeth without some practice and
considerable difficulty. It is because it is difficult to
manipulate the arm and elbow of a person to cover all of the
surfaces, that one of the principal difficulties has arisen.
THE PURPOSE AND OBJECTS OF THIS INVENTION
It is important to control this microcosm so that dental disease
can be better controlled. It is proposed to do this in a superior
manner by providing the capability of the individual to maintain a
tactile sense and thus feel more accurately where he is in the
masticatory region.
This invention relates to a tactile sensing finger tool
particularly directed to a toothbrush comprised of bristles which
may be secured to the finger through a thin and flexible medium so
that the inherent dexterity of the finger and the direct tactile
sense of the finger are employed as distinguished from the oral
tactile sense alone. This toothbrush and bristles may have
impregnated therein a dentifrice and may employ other structural
features to more fully accomplish its purpose.
The invention also relates to a tooth cleaning and polishing method
wherein the direct tactile sense of the finger is used in directing
the cleaning of the teeth, wherein the areas between the teeth and
in the vicinity of the gums are more effectively cleaned on all
exposed surfaces.
This new toothbrushing tool and method of cleaning the teeth will
accomplish the purpose with a minimum of traumatization while
permitting easy massage of the gingival tissue. It will also permit
better coverage of the cervical portion of the clinical crown
besides the interdental embrasures and the other gingival tissue.
It also will better cover the proximal surfaces and the occlusal
grooves or crevices. These areas are particularly important as they
are the prime area of attack of dental caries that are really
unnecessary if effective tooth cleaning were being done. Today
there are several well known methods of brushing the teeth,
including the generally accepted Bass or Arnim technique of
disrupting the microcosm with a soft tooth brush and unwaxed dental
floss. The extent of use of these methods is unknown, but it is
probable that they are not being used as widely as they might.
It is an object of this new invention to provide a convenient way
of using the tactile sense in the fingertip, together with a
bristle area that could contain dentifrice for polishing the teeth.
Good control is obtained because of the careful articulation of the
finger. Most all surfaces of the mouth can be covered in this
manner. It is well known that certain surfaces are not now easily
covered. It is only too apparent that the lingual and palatal
surfaces are covered insufficiently by most people. Further it will
be seen that certain areas on the user's right or left hand side
may be covered to a less extent because of righthandedness and
lefthandedness in certain people.
It is a feature of this invention that these normally inaccessible
areas can now be reached effectively.
It is the purpose of this invention to provide a new finger
toothbrush, employing tactile sensing, which may easily reach these
critical areas, and because the sensing of the bristle is directly
in contact with the nerve centers of the fingertip the exact areas
between the teeth and gums can be felt and covered so that very few
portions of the mouth remain to be cleaned by other means.
IN THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a plan view of one preferred embodiment of the toothbrush
tool.
FIG. 2 is a side elevation of the toothbrush tool.
FIG. 3 is a greatly enlarged section showing the critical structure
of the preferred embodiment.
FIG. 4 is an illustration of a user's hand with the tool
attached.
FIG. 5 is a view from the finger end, illustrating the directional
influence upon the bristles by the finger contour.
FIG. 6 illustrates the tool in use.
THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The structure for carrying out the purposes of the invention can
take on many specific forms once the principles and purposes are
understood.
This description is intended to instruct the reader in the
principles.
A very effective tool has a base strip 10. This strip is not the
most critical portion of the tool, but must meet the specification
of being very flexible but tough enough to hold installed bristles
firmly.
Bristles 12 are conventional, but not all conventional bristles
will function to optimum. Preferably, bristles 12 should be about
0.007 inch Nylon (registered trademark Dupont Corporation) with
rounded ends.
In this preferred embodiment, the bristles 12 are shown in FIG. 3
as penetrating base 10 in two separate but closely spaced
locations. A single bristle is looped on one side of the base 10
around a lock strand 14. Strand 14 aids materially in holding the
bristles against loss in use, and makes possible the use of much
thinner and less tough base 10.
The primary intent of this invention is to enable the user to
direct the bristles most effectively. The gum tissue alone is not
sufficient. Hence, this invention is dedicated to the concept of
providing a keen sense of control by providing a sense of feel of
both ends of the bristle to the brain.
To fulfill this purpose, the tool is adhered to the soft finger
flesh which is designed by nature with nerve endings specifically
for response to delicate stimulation.
Ideally, the structure of base and bristles alone held on the
fingertip would produce the fullest response. Since such objective
is unobtainable, it has been found that a very thin and very
tenacious adhesive layer will produce optimum response.
Fasson Corporation adhesive 333 DC Polyester S 814 PO No. 320646
Specification 46411 Co No. 79071 is a non-allergenic medically
approved adhesive, and is shown in FIG. 3 as coating 16.
Coating 16, although also covering the looped ends of the bristles,
will allow pressure on the bristles to be very clearly sensed by
the skin nerves to which it is attached. This coating 16 is
protected until ready for use by a conventional cover strip, not
illustrated. The tool may be reused, but the specified Fasson
adhesive must be replaced for a second use because it loses its
holding power after use.
The tool is flat in its manufactured form shown in FIGS. 1-3, but
when installed on the finger, the natural curvature of the finger
will cause the bristle rows to fan out as shown in FIG. 5 to
provide bristles for reaching difficult areas. The most effective
form of the concept is as shown in FIG. 1. Although a strip brush,
or other shape, will be useful, the form of FIG. 1 provides a
unique mode of operation and improved result.
The FIG. 1 form is essentially a substantially round body portion
20, with a "v" cut 21 at the front along a center axis, and a tab
end 22 on the opposite side.
The adhesive is tenacious, and therefore tab 22 is provided without
adhesive to afford a grip portion for removal.
When installed, the body portion will wrap around the ball of the
finger tip without producing a wrinkle, because of the v cut. See
FIG. 5.
Note, as illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5, that the bristles which are
essentially parallel in FIGS. 1 and 2, take on a multi-directional
attitude when installed on the finger.
It has been found that even a tooth brush on a handle cannot
normally reach all areas of tooth surface with the ease and control
provided by this configuration. Further, the round body which
results in the multi-directional bristle configuration allows
cleaning all surfaces with one device installed on one finger.
Research has shown that it would be difficult to pivot the index
finger adequately to reach the lingual or palatal surfaces of the
teeth and gums with bristles projecting in only one plane from the
finger.
Therefore in order to overcome this problem the cleaning bristles
have been extended up on the proximal surfaces of the finger in
order to effect a sideways motion to bring the bristles in direct
contact to the surfaces on both the right and left sides of the
mouth to remove the plaque deposits.
Dentifrice is used by most people, and may be applied from
conventional sources. However, it is feasible to supply a dry
dentifrice installed between the bristles, which may be used with
or without extra water. A deposit of such dentifrice is shown at 18
in FIG. 2, but is omitted from all other views.
A new user of the tool may be advised to obtain a supply of plaque
disclosing tablets or liquid from the druggist to learn the most
effective technique to follow in using this new means for plaque
destruction.
* * * * *