Door or window mounting

Abstract

The mounting includes an upper hinge part supported on a lower hinge part with a stationary hinge pin engaged with both hinge parts and a stop limiting at least opening movement of the door or window. The stop is mounted on the lower hinge part for angular adjustment about the hinge pin, as by extending radially from a ring embracing the hinge pin and angularly adjustable thereon. The ring may have peripherally spaced fingers projecting therefrom parallel to its axis and engageable in corresponding grooves in the lower hinge part, or the ring and the lower hinge part may have interengageable teeth thereon. The stop may extend either radially from the ring or may extend from the ring parallel to the axis thereof for engagement with a stop on the upper hinge part.

Description

FIELD AND BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The invention is directed to a door or window fitting with a hinge set comprising an upper hinge, a lower supporting lever or hinge and a stationary hinge bolt about which the door or window can pivot, there being a stop for the door or window to limit the open position thereof.

In doors of motor vehicles, for example, it is known to limit the open position by a stop. A quadrant-shaped flat iron plate is arranged on the door and has a groove extending over its entire length, and a bolt, guided in this groove, is fixedly mounted in the body of the car. The flat iron plate moves during opening of the door, and the bolt, guided in the groove, limits the movement of the door by virtue of a stop at the end of the groove. Furthermore, it is known to arrange, in doors in buildings, so-called floor hinges where a bolt, secured on the underside of the door, is guided in a groove in a floor plate under the door and up against the stop to limit the open position of the door.

The most frequently used limiting means for the open position of a door comprises a rubber or plastic buffer arranged on the floor and against which the door is moved into engagement.

These known arrangements have considerable disadvantages, however. The arrangement known in motor vehicles, which is used also in a modified form in very expensive door closers, has the considerable disadvantage that the angular position is not adjustable and that the arrangement requires a substantial amount of space and is very complicated. The other known arrangements, door closers and buffers secured on the floor, have the disadvantage that they are not suitable for subsequent installation, or require installation in the floor, or even represent an obstacle on the floor.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention is directed to the problem of providing a door or window fitting where limitation of the open position is possible using a simple part, which can also be installed later at any time, and where the angular position can be selected freely. No change, attachment or installation is required on the door or window, on the associated frame or on the floor.

The solution of this problem comprises a door or window fitting, of the above-mentioned type, where the stop is adjustably mounted in its angular position on the lower supporting lever, in accordance with the invention. A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention resides in the stop comprising a ring surrounding the stationary bolt, with a web on this ring extending radially outwardly and a stop element secured on this web. In accordance with the invention, the stop element is preferably formed of rubber or plastic composition.

In order to attain adjustability of the angular position with simple means, in accordance with the invention, the ring carrying the stop is toothed on its underside, and the lower supporting lever or hinge is toothed on its upper end on the surface surrounding the hinge bolt. With this arrangement, the angular position can be adjusted by simply shifting the ring. In order to prevent deformation of the toothing, and thus accidental change of the angular position, in highly stressed and heavy doors or windows, in accordance with another feature of the invention, the ring carrying the stop is provided, on its under surface, with at least one cam or tongue, and the supporting surface of the lower hinge part is provided, on its circumference, with grooves which can receive the cams or tongues. Thus, the angular position of the stop can be adjusted by shifting the cams or tongues from one groove into another.

However, there can be imagined applications where the radial web with the projecting stop element can not be used, for example, for reasons of space or in order not to disrupt the contours of the hinge set, such as those used in cabinet doors. For these applications, in accordance with a further development of the invention, an embodiment is provided where the ring carrying the stop is formed on its upper edge, that is, on the edge facing the upper hinge, with at least one cam or abutment, and the upper hinge is formed, on its end facing the ring, also with at least one cam or abutment so that, in the maximum open position, the abutment of the upper hinge will strike against the abutment of the ring. With this special space-saving arrangement, it has been found particularly advantageous if the upper hinge is so arranged, in accordance with the invention, that it can be lifted in a known manner. The stop thus can serve in a simple manner simultaneously to lock the open position. The upper hinge is lifted so far that the abutment thereon is guided over the abutment on the stop ring, so that the door or the window cannot slam shut. If two abutments are arranged on the stop ring at such a spacing that the counter-abutment can be received in the space therebetween, locking of the door or window in an adjustable, that is, a preselected position is possible.

In another arrangement embodying the invention, and with which any adjustable opening angle of the door or window can be attained, the fitting parts do not differ substantially, in their appearance, from known arrangements, particularly all outside fittings are avoided, and, in addition, locking of the door is possible in the same manner as limitation of the stop. This embodiment of the invention is characterized in that an intermediate ring is arranged between the upper and lower hinge parts, which ring is connected with the hinge pin or bolt, at least one stop, limiting rotary movement of the upper hinge, being arranged on one surface of the intermediate ring and a cooperating stop on the upper hinge and which acts against the first-mentioned stop. This arrangement, embodying the invention, has the effect that the stop does not exceed the diameter of the fitting hinge so that the contour of the door or window fitting is not changed. In addition, this intermediate ring is shiftable in a known manner, so that any desired open position can be set for the door or window.

It has been found advantageous to provide the bearing surfaces of the upper hinge and of the intermediate ring as respective cam surfaces so that the abutments are locked in their end position. This arrangement, in accordance with the invention, has the effect that the door or window locks in the respective end position, and accidental closing or slamming of the door is impossible. The design of the cam surface has the result that locking is possible without great effort, because the door or window only has to be locked to such an extent that slamming by an ordinary load, for example, a draft, is prevented.

In another embodiment of the invention, the intermediate ring is disengageably connected with the hinge pivot or bolt. This disengageable arrangement of the intermediate ring on the hinge pivot or bolt, rigidly connected with the lower hinge, is necessary to vary the limitation provided by the stop. Thus, if the stop is to be set differently, it is necessary only to lift the door through the height of the journal adjusting the intermediate ring, after which the intermediate ring can be lifted and placed in a new position defining the stop. It has been found advantageous to connect the intermediate ring with the lower hinge by journals or tongues engaging in grooves. This provision has the effect that the adjustment of the open position can be effected by displacing the tongues from one groove to another, that is, the open position can be changed, for example, in 10.degree. steps.

For particularly heavy doors, such as shelter doors, for example, it is advantageous to provide, in an arrangement embodying the invention, a pressure plate in the lower hinge and in the recess receiving the hinge pivot or bolt, and to provide, on this pressure plate, a torsion spring connected detachably with the hinge pivot or bolt. This arrangement assures that the connecting elements between the intermediate ring and the hinge pivot will not break apart even during movement of a heavy door.

An object of the invention is to provide a door or window fitting in which limitation of the open position is possible by a simple part.

Another object of the invention is to provide such a door or window fitting which can also be installed later at any time.

A further object of the invention is to provide such a door or window fitting and which the angular position defining the opening can be freely selectable.

In another object of the invention is to provide such a door or window fitting requiring no change, attachment or installation on the door, window, the associated frame, and the floor.

For an understanding of the principles of the invention, reference is made to the following description of typical embodiments thereof as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In the Drawings:

FIG. 1 is a side elevation view of a stop embodying a web and a stop element;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view on the line A--A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view on the line B--B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a side elevation view of a stop including a stop limiting cam or abuttment;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view on the line C--C of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a side elevation view of a variant of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 4 is a side elevation view of an arrangement wherein the intermediate ring is connected through grooves and tongues with the lower hinge part;

FIG. 8 is a sectional view along the line D--D of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a side elevation view illustrating the intermediate ring as connected by screws to the hinge pin or bolt;

FIG. 10 is a side elevation view, partly in section of an embodiment of the invention usuable with heavy doors or windows, and including a pressure plate and a torsion spring; and

FIG. 11 is a sectional view on the line E--E of FIG. 10.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Referring first to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, the upper hinge part or member 1 of a commercial hinge set is secured, by means of a fastening or mounting portion 7, on a door or window 8, and the frame 9, of the door or window, has secured thereto the lower supporting hinge or lever 3 by means of a fastening element 6. The jacket portion of the lower hinge element 3 is formed, in accordance with the invention, with equally angular spaced grooves 16 extending downwardly from its upper edge, and these grooves are engageable by cams or tongues of a ring 2. Ring 2 has extending radially therefrom a web 4 on which is fixedly or detachably mounted a stop element 5. The ring 2, in accordance with the invention, surrounds the hinge pin or bolt 11 and may be adjusted in its angular position, to adjust the angular position of stop element 5, by inserting fingers or cams 10 into selected grooves 16.

FIG. 2 illustrates, in solid lines, the closed state where the door or window 8 strikes against frame 9 or against a packing strip. In the open position, shown in dashed lines, fastening portion 7 of the upper hinge strikes against the soft stop element 5 when the door is opened through an angular extent of 90.degree..

In FIG. 3, it can be seen that grooves 16 are so distributed around the circumference of the lower supporting hinge 3 that, by corresponding insertion of fingers 10 into these grooves, practically any angular position of the stop can be attained. If, instead of the cam and tongue design, a toothing 17, as shown in FIG. 6 is selected, an even finer adjustment is possible.

FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate another embodiment of the invention in which the stop, limiting opening or closing movement of the door or window, is provided by abutments 12 and 13 in the hinge set. This embodiment has special advantages, since it permits locking the open door or window and is also usable as a door lifter. Generally, the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, corresponds to that shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, but web 4 and stop element 5 have been eliminated and replaced by at least one abutment 12 on the upper surface of ring 2' and at least one abutment 13 on the under surface or bottom surface of the upper hinge part, so that abutment 13 can move along ring 2, in the space 14, until it strikes abutment 12, as can be seen particularly from FIG. 5. It has been found that, due to the design of abutment 12 as a cam with an inclined striking surface, the door can be lifted so that a door lifter is not necessary. The amount of lift is determined by the height of the abutment 12, and the force to be expended is determined by the slope of the striking surface thereof.

In order to assure locking of the door or window, the door or window is provided with a known lifting device which acts, for example, on the upper hinge part through a lever mechanism, and lifts the door so that abutment 13 can pass over abutment 12 and then be lowered behind the abutment. In this position, slamming of the door is not possible. This device is less complicated than the others and requires no change in the floor or in the frame. In an embodiment with two abutments 12, abutment 13 can lock in the recess or space 14 between the two abutments so that the door or window is immovable. The angular position can be adjusted in the above described manner by shifting the ring 2' angularly.

In the embodiment of FIG. 6, the ring 2", carrying the web 4 and the stop element 5, is secured in angularly adjusted position by a screw 15. For this purpose, the upper surface of ring 2" and the bottom surface of hinge part 3" are formed with interengageable teeth or toothings 17. In this embodiment of the invention, changing of the angular position of ring 2" can be very simply effected by loosening screw 15 and angularly displacing ring 2". Naturally, this solution is also usuable in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.

In another embodiment of the invention, shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, there is an upper hinge part 21 and a lower hinge part 22 between which is arranged an intermediate ring 23 which either loosely surrounds the hinge pivot or bolt 24, as shown in FIG. 7, or is rigidly connected to the hinge pin or bolt by set screws 31 as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10. Intermediate ring 23, in accordance with the invention, is disengageably connected with lower hinge 22 by, for example, tongues 27 which engage in grooves in the lower hinge part 22, in the same manner as described for FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, or through interengageable toothings as shown in FIG. 6. This embodiment of the invention has the effect that intermediate ring 23 can be changed in position, and that the open position of the door or window thus can be varied, by setting tongues 27 into other grooves.

The upper surface of intermediate ring 23 and the lower end of upper hinge 21 have arranged thereon stop-forming abutments 25 and 26, respectively. When the door or window is opened, the abutment on the upper hinge 21 moves until the abutments strike against each other to block further opening. Both the lower surface of upper hinge 21 and the upper surface of intermediate ring 23 are formed, in accordance with the invention, with cam surfaces along which the abutments 25 and 26 move. These cam surfaces are so designed that each has a depression with respect to the rest of the corresponding surface, at the striking point in the end position, that is, with the window or door opened, so that abutment 25 can engage the depression in the cam surface on the bottom edge of upper hinge part 21 and abutment 26 can engage the depression in the cam surface on the upper edge of intermediate ring 23. With this arrangement, the door or window remains in the opened position and does not slam shut, but return movement is readily possible due to the curvilinear design of the depressions or recesses, so that no special effort is required.

In particularly heavy door and window constructions, particularly doors for shelters, for example, it has been found advantageous to provide a pressure plate 29 in the recess 30, of lower hinge part 22, serving to receive hinge pivot or bolt 24, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11. This recess also receives a torsion spring 28 bearing on the pressure plate 29 and connected with pivot pin or bolt 24. Since the pivot hinge or bolt 24 is connected, by screws 31, with intermediate ring 23, this embodiment of the invention has the effect that, when the door is opened by the movement of upper hinge 21, after abutment 26 strikes cam 25, there is no deformation of the cam despite an excessive effort but the pivot pin or bolt 24 moves against the bias of torsion spring 28 to thus possibly prevent rupture or damage. Naturally, it is possible to use pins instead of the screws 31.

Preferably, more screw or pin receiving bores are provided than the pins or screws, in the intermediate ring, so that, when the intermediate ring and a mount are shifted, three associated bores for the pins or screws can be engaged, for example, by three pins or screws during the assembly, without their being on the side facing the door, so that they are inaccessible.

With the arrangement embodying the invention, it is possible to open a door or window, limit its open position by a stop, and at the same time lock the door or window so that it cannot be slammed shut, for example by a draft. This is particularly important when the room is left for only a short time, for example, to get the mail, since in this case the front door slams shut locking the owner out.

It is within the framework of the invention that it can also be used in a corresponding modified form in other rotary elements for doors and windows, for example, in hinge frames or means for pivoting windows about an axis arranged in the center of the window plane.

While specific embodiments of the invention have been shown and described in detail to illustrate the application of the principles of the invention, it will be understood that the invention may be embodied otherwise without departing from such principles.

Claims

What is claimed is:

1. In a door or window mounting including an upper movable hinge part supported on a lower fixed hinge part, a stationary hinge pin extending through coaxial, equal external diameter cylindrical portions of both hinge parts and a stop limiting opening movement of the door or window, the improvement comprising, in combination, a ring surrounding said stationary hinge pin and interposed between said upper and lower ring parts, said ring having an external diameter equal to that of the external diameter of said cylindrical portions so as not to project radially outwardly beyond said cylindrical portions but, in effect, to form a smooth continuation of said cylindrical portions, interengageable means projecting from the lower surface of said ring and the upper surface of the cylindrical portion of said lower hinge part parallel to the respective axes thereof and within the respective peripheries thereof so as not to project radially therefrom, said interengageable means being operable to effect selective setting of the angular orientation of said ring relative to the cylindrical portion of said lower hinge part; and a stop element, extending upwardly from the upper surface of said ring and parallel to the axis thereof within the periphery thereof so as not to project radially therefrom and engageable with an abutment extending downwardly from the lower surface of the cylindrical portion of said upper hinge part parallel to the axis thereof and within the periphery thereof so as not to project radially therefrom, to constitute said stop.

2. In a door or window mounting, the improvement claimed in claim 1, in which said ring has teeth extending parallel to its axis from its under surface and said lower hinge part has teeth extending upwardly parallel to its axis from the upper surface of the cylindrical portion thereof surrounding said hinge pin.

3. In a door or window mounting, the improvement claimed in claim 1, in which the under surface of said ring is formed with at least one abutment; the upper surface of the cylindrical portion of said lower hinge part surrounding said hinge pin being formed with downwardly extending grooves serving to receive an abutment on said ring.

4. In a door or window mounting, the improvement claimed in claim 1, including means operable to lift said upper hinge part relative to said lower hinge part.

5. In a door or window mounting, the improvement claimed in claim 1, in which at least one abutment on the upper surface of said ring is formed with a striking surface which is beveled between the upper surface of said ring and the upper surface of said abutment.