U.S. patent number 3,903,892 [Application Number 05/361,152] was granted by the patent office on 1975-09-09 for forceps means for removing cellular tissue from the body cavities.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Olympus Optical Co., Ltd.. Invention is credited to Osamu Komiya.
United States Patent |
3,903,892 |
Komiya |
September 9, 1975 |
Forceps means for removing cellular tissue from the body
cavities
Abstract
A surgical instrument means for removing cellular tissue from
the body cavities arranged to shape a loop easily by using a wire
having at least two bent portions formed by plastic
deformation.
Inventors: |
Komiya; Osamu (Tokyo,
JA) |
Assignee: |
Olympus Optical Co., Ltd.
(JA)
|
Family
ID: |
23420863 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/361,152 |
Filed: |
May 17, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
606/110;
606/46 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61B
17/32056 (20130101); A61B 17/221 (20130101); A61B
17/26 (20130101); A61B 1/00098 (20130101); A61B
1/00177 (20130101); A61B 18/1492 (20130101); A61B
2090/306 (20160201); A61B 2017/2212 (20130101); A61B
2018/141 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61B
17/22 (20060101); A61B 17/32 (20060101); A61B
17/24 (20060101); A61B 17/26 (20060101); A61B
1/07 (20060101); A61B 1/06 (20060101); A61B
19/00 (20060101); A61B 017/36 () |
Field of
Search: |
;128/303.15,303.16,320 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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|
|
|
|
|
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118,904 |
|
Jun 1877 |
|
FR |
|
23,914 |
|
Apr 1906 |
|
OE |
|
Primary Examiner: Pace; Channing L.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Cushman, Darby & Cushman
Claims
I claim:
1. A surgical instrument comprising a tube with a stepped portion
in the inside at one end of said tube, a slider slidably arranged
in said tube and having a center hole, a wire made of a resilient
material having at least a bent portion, one end of said wire being
fixed to said slider and the other end of said wire being passed
through the center hole of said slider and being fixed to an
operating ring provided at an end of said tube opposite said one
end, and a stopper with an outer diameter larger than the diameter
of the center hole of said slider attached to said wire.
2. A surgical instrument according to the claim 1, further
comprising a spring arranged in said tube at a position on the
operating ring side of said slider and arranged to bias said slider
against said stepped portion in the inside at said one end of said
tube.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
a. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a surgical instrument means for
removing cellular tissue such as a polyp from the body
cavities.
B. Description of the Prior Art
When removing cellular tissue from the body cavities, for example
when removing a polyp or the like caused on the mucous membrane of
the stomach, a removing means is usually inserted into the body
cavity, for example into the stomach, together with an endoscope
and the polyp or the like is removed by observing that removing
means and polyp or the like to be removed.
As the removing means for such purposes, those incorporating
scissors or cup forceps are known widely. As for those removing
means incorporating scissors, it is necessary to cut into the base
of, for example, the polyp repeatedly because said scissors are
small and, therefore, the operation is complicated. When using the
removing means incorporating cup forceps, the tissue is removed by
pinching it out little by little and, therefore, it takes a long
time.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is, therefore, the principal object of the present invention to
provide a surgical instrument means for removing cellular tissue
from the body cavities arranged to easily form a loop, when
inserted into a body cavity, being operated from outside and to
remove the polyp or the like by said loop with high reliability and
by very simple operation.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 through FIG. 3 show an example of endoscope for using the
surgical instrument means for removing cellular tissue from the
body cavities according to the present invention by inserting said
surgical instrument means into said endoscope;
FIG. 4a through FIG. 4c show sectional views of an embodiment of
the surgical instrument means for removing cellular tissue from the
body cavities according to the present invention; and
FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the surgical instrument means
according to the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
FIG. 1 shows an example of endoscope to be used by mounting the
surgical instrument means for removing cellular tissue from the
body cavities according to the present invention. Numeral 1
designates a control unit, numeral 2 designates an eye-piece,
numeral 3 designates a flexible tube, numeral 4 designates the
bending section and numeral 5 designates the distal end. Numeral 6
designates the surgical instrument opening through which the
below-mentioned surgical instrument means for removing cellular
tissue from the body cavities according to the present invention is
to be inserted and led through the surgical instrument channel
provided in the endoscope and the end of said surgical instrument
means is to be projected through the surgical instrument outlet.
FIG. 2 shows an enlarged view of the distal end of said endoscope.
In this figure, numeral 7 designates an image guide comprising
optical fiber, numeral 8 designates an objective and numeral 9
designates a prism. Numeral 10 designates the surgical instrument
channel through which the surgical instrument means for removing
cellular tissue from the body cavities 20 according to the present
invention is to be passed as described in the above, and the end of
said surgical instrument means 20 is to be projected through the
surgical instrument outlet 11. Numeral 12 designates a light guide
comprising optical fiber for lighting the object such as the inside
of the stomach. FIG. 3 shows a sectional view along the line
III--III in FIG. 2. The above-mentioned image guide 7, surgical
instrument channel 10 and light guide 12 are arranged in the tube
13 as shown in FIG. 3.
In the following, the construction of said surgical instrument
means for removing cellular tissue from the body cavities according
to the present invention as shown in FIG. 4a through FIG. 4c is
described in detail.
In these figures, numeral 21 designates a tube made of a flexible
material such as plastics. At the end of said tube, a stepped
portion 21a is formed and, therefore, the bore at the stepped
portion is smaller than the bore at the other portions. Numeral 22
designates a slider having a small hole 22a at its center which is
slidably inserted in the tube 21. Numeral 23 designates a wire made
of a resilient material. As shown in FIG. 4c, said wire 23 has two
bent portions, i.e., the first and second bent portions 23a and 23b
formed by plastic deformation so that said wire 23 forms two
circular arcs 23c and 23d and a linear portion 23e. (Plastically
deformed bent portions 23a and 23b here mean that said bent
portions change their form accordingly when the wire is forced into
the tube 21 for example as shown in FIG. 4a, but when the wire is
free, said bent portions are put to bent condition again as shown
in FIG. 4c. Thus, the projected portion of the wire returns to the
semicircular form.) One end of said wire 23 is fixed to the slider
22 at the end of the circular arc 23c and the other end of the wire
23, i.e., the linear portion 23e of the wire 23 is passed through
the small hole 22a of the slider 22. Said wire 23 is usually housed
in the tube as illustrated in FIG. 4a by the below-mentioned
method, and only the first bent portion 23a is slightly projected
from the end of the tube 21. Numeral 24 designates a stopper fixed
to the circular arc portion 23d of the wire 23 and the outer
diameter of said stopper 24 is larger than the small hole 22a of
the slider 22. Numeral 25 designates an operating means having a
slit 25a. Numeral 26 designates a cylindrical member connecting the
tube 21 and operating means 25. Numeral 27 designates a spring
provided in the tube 21 between the slider 22 and cylindrical
member 26. Numeral 28 designates an operating ring which has two
flanges 28a and 28b and is slidably mounted to the operating means
25. To said operating ring 28, the end of the linear portion 23e of
the wire 23, which is passed through the tube 21, is fixed so that
said end can be moved along the slit 25a provided to the operating
means 25, together with the operating ring 28. Numeral 29
designates a fixing screw which is screwed into the tapped hole 28c
of the operating ring 28 and which is for fixing the operating ring
28 to the operating means 25. Numeral 30 designates a ring mounted
on one end of the operating means 25. Numeral 31 designates a
protuberance fixed to the operating ring 28 and is inserted in the
slit 25a provided to the operating means 25 in order to guide the
operating ring 28 so that it can slide along the operating means 25
without rotating.
The surgical instrument means for removing cellular tissue from the
body cavities according to the present invention is arranged as
described in the above. Therefore, when the thumb of one hand is
inserted into the ring 30 holding the operating ring 28 by the
forefinger and middle finger of the same hand, the fixing screw 29
is loosened by the other hand and the operating ring 28 is moved
toward the ring 30, the end of the wire 23 fixed to the operating
ring 28 is pulled toward said ring 30. So, the second bent portion
23b and circular arc portion 23d of the approximately semicircular
loop shown in FIG. 4c are gradually stretched and become linear,
and said loop becomes narrower. When said loop closes as shown in
FIG. 4b, the stopper 24 contacts the slider 22 and said slider 22
moves in the tube 21 toward the operating means 25 acting against
the spring 27. At that time, said wire 23 is drawn into the tube 21
by leaving its first bent portion 23a at the outermost position and
is housed in the tube 21 as shown in FIG. 4a.
To remove, for example, a polyp caused on the mucous membrane of
the stomach by using the above-mentioned surgical instrument means
for removing cellular tissue from the body cavities according to
the present invention, said surgical instrument means is first
inserted into the endoscope as shown in FIG. 1 through FIG. 3
through its surgical instrument opening and, then, is inserted into
the stomach together with said endoscope. After that, inserting the
thumb of one hand into the ring 30 and holding the operating ring
28 by the forefinger and middle finger, the fixing screw 29 is
loosened by the other hand. When the gripping force of said
operating ring 28 is then gradually released by observing with the
endoscope, the slider 22 slides toward the stepped portion 21a of
the tube 21 because of the force of the spring 27. At the same
time, the wire 23 projects from the tube 21 by keeping its first
bent portion 23a at the outermost position and the operating ring
28 slides toward the cylindrical member 26. When said slider 22
stops contacting said stepped portion 21a, one end of the wire 23
also stops together with said slider 22. But, the other end of the
wire 23 still moves, and the portion of said wire 23 projected
outside the tube 21 shapes a semicircular loop which is
pre-determined by plastic deformation. In the present embodiment,
it is arranged to shape the semicircular loop by providing two bent
portions 23a and 23b. However, it is also possible to make the wire
23 shape the semicircular loop even when the bent portion 23b is
not provided. Then, said loop is positioned around the base of the
polyp to be removed. When the polyp to be removed comes into the
semicircular loop as above, the operating ring 28 is moved toward
the ring 30. Consequently, the wire 23 also moves together with the
operating ring 28, the portion of the wire 23 projected outside the
tube 21 changes its loop form from that shown in FIG. 4c to that
shown in FIG. 4b and then to FIG. 4a as already explained in the
above, thus the polyp is pinched out. Therefore, when the
above-mentioned surgical instrument means for removing cellular
tissue from the body cavities is used, the loop can be easily
shaped in the body cavities because a pre-determined loop is formed
by plastic deformation and, moreover, said loop can be easily led
to the portion of the cellular tissue to be removed such as a polyp
or the like.
In the following, another embodiment of the present invention is
described according to FIG. 5. For this embodiment, the same
reference numbers are given respectively to those parts which are
same as those in the former embodiment and detailed explanation is
omitted.
In this embodiment, the cellular tissue is removed by flowing a
high-frequency electric current to the wire which has formed a
loop. The tube 101 is made of an electrically insulating material,
for example, plastics and a holding ring 101a is fitted in the end
portion of said tube 101.
To remove for example a polyp caused on the mucous membrane of the
stomach by using this embodiment of the surgical instrument means
for removing cellular tissue from the body cavities, the operating
ring 28 is locked by the fixing screw 29 in the condition that the
wire 23 is housed in the tube 101, that is, the operating ring 28
is moved toward the ring 30. Then, said surgical instrument means
is inserted together with the endoscope into the stomach of the
patient who is lying by putting on a wide electrode plate closely
contacting his back, and the base of the polyp to be removed is
pinched by the loop of the wire 23 by the same operation as the
case of the former embodiment. When said loop is closed to the
pre-determined extent, a high-frequency electric current is applied
between said electrode plate and said wire 23. Thus, the polyp is
burnt off smoothly by the high-frequency current which flows from
the loop to said electrode plate. In addition to advantages of the
former embodiment, this embodiment has further advantages that
bleeding is not caused when removing the polyp or the like and,
therefore, the wound caused by the removing operation heals quickly
and, moreover, the removing operation can be performed easily.
As described in detail in the above, the surgical instrument means
according to the present invention has a wire arranged, by plastic
deformation, to form a pre-determined loop. Therefore, said
pre-determined loop can be easily developed in the body cavities
and can be easily led to the cellular tissue portion such as the
polyp to be removed. Besides, the number of component parts is not
increased conspicuously and it is not necessary to use component
parts of complicated shapes. Thus, the present invention provides a
surgical instrument means of simple construction for removing
cellular tissue from the body cavities.
Though the above embodiments are described in relation to
application for removing the polyp caused on the mucous membrane in
the stomach, it is of course evident that, when removing cellular
forceps in a comparatively shallow body cavity such as an oral
cavity, the surgical instrument means according to the present
invention can be used independently without incorporating an
endoscope. In case of such application, it is not necessary to make
the tube (21 or 101) flexible.
* * * * *