U.S. patent number 3,903,513 [Application Number 05/489,726] was granted by the patent office on 1975-09-02 for wheelchair alarm system.
Invention is credited to Royal Carpenter, Ronald F. Green.
United States Patent |
3,903,513 |
Green , et al. |
September 2, 1975 |
Wheelchair alarm system
Abstract
A wheelchair alarm system includes a frame adapted to be mounted
beneath the wheelchair seat, an electrically operated alarm
securely attached to the frame, a first switch securely attached to
the frame and adapted to be maintained in contact with the
wheelchair seat, and second and third switches securely attached to
the frame and adapted to be positioned in the path of movement of
the wheelchair brake assemblies. The alarm and the three switches
are electrically connected in such a manner that the alarm is
actuated if the first switch is closed and if either the second or
third switch is closed, indicating that the wheelchair seat is
unoccupied and at least one of the brakes is disengaged.
Inventors: |
Green; Ronald F. (New York,
NY), Carpenter; Royal (Arverne, NY) |
Family
ID: |
23945031 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/489,726 |
Filed: |
July 18, 1974 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
340/457.3 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61G
5/101 (20130101); A61G 5/1035 (20130101); A61G
5/1018 (20130101); B62B 5/0485 (20130101); B62B
5/0404 (20130101); A61G 2203/30 (20130101); B62B
5/0409 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A61G
5/10 (20060101); A61G 5/00 (20060101); B62B
5/04 (20060101); B62B 5/00 (20060101); G08B
021/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;340/278,279,52D,69
;297/DIG.4 ;200/61.58R,85A ;180/101,102 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Swann, III; Glen R.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Huberfeld; Harold
Claims
What is claimed:
1. In a wheelchair including a seat, first and second drive wheels,
and first and second drive wheel brake assemblies movable along a
wheel engaging path, the improvement comprising:
a. a support means adapted to be mounted beneath the wheelchair
seat;
b. electrically actuated alarm means securely attached to said
support means;
c. first switch means securely attached to said support means and
adapted to be maintained in contact with said wheelchair seat to
thereby assume a first position when there is no weight on said
wheelchair seat and be forced into a second position in response to
a weight on said wheelchair seat;
d. second switch means securely attached to one end of said support
means and adapted to be positioned in the path of movement of said
first brake assembly to thereby assume a first position when said
first brake assembly is disengaged from said first drive wheel and
be forced into a second position when said first brake is applied
to said first drive wheel;
e. third switch means securely attached to the other end of said
support means and adapted to be positioned in the path of movement
of said second brake assembly to thereby assume a first position
when said second brake assembly is disengaged from said second
drive wheel and be forced into a second position when said second
brake is applied to said second drive wheel; and
f. conductor means electrically connecting said alarm means, said
first switch means, said second switch means and said third switch
means so that said alarm means is actuated if said first switch
means and either said second switch means or said third switch
means are in said first position, indicating no weight on said
wheelchair seat and the disengagement of at least one of said brake
assemblies.
2. An apparatus as set forth in claim 1 wherein said support means
includes a frame having a main supporting member and two auxiliary
supporting members securely fastened to said main supporting member
at the ends thereof.
3. An apparatus as set forth in claim 2 wherein said first switch
means is securely fastened to said main supporting member and said
second and third switch means are each securely fastened to one of
said auxiliary supporting members.
4. An apparatus as set forth in claim 2 wherein said main
supporting member is linear and includes means for adjusting the
length of said main supporting member.
5. An apparatus as set forth in claim 2 wherein said frame further
includes a plate having a plurality of mounting holes contained
therein securely fastened to said main supporting member, and
wherein said first switch means is securely attached to said plate
whereby the position of said first switch means with respect to
said main supporting member is adjustable.
6. An alarm system for a wheelchair having a seat and first and
second brake assemblies comprising:
a. support means having a main supporting member and fastening
means located at the ends of said main supporting member for
attaching said support means to a wheelchair,
b. first switch means securely attached to said support means and
adapted to assume a first position when unstressed and assume a
second position when a force is applied to said first switch means
to thereby respond to weight on said seat,
c. second switch means securely attached to one end of said support
means so as to project beyond one end of said main supporting
member, said second switch means being adapted to assume a first
position when unstressed and assume a second position when a force
is applied to said second switch means to thereby respond to the
position of said first brake assembly,
d. third switch means securely attached to the other end of said
support means so as to project beyond the other end of said main
supporting member, said third switch means being adapted to assume
a first position when unstressed and assume a second position when
a force is applied to said third switch means to thereby respond to
the position of said second brake assembly,
e. electrically actuated alarm means, and
f. conductor means electrically connecting said alarm means, said
first switch means, said second switch means, and said third switch
means so that said alarm means is actuated if said first switch
means and either said second switch means or said third switch
means are in said first position.
7. An alarm system as set forth in claim 6, wherein said support
means further includes two auxiliary supporting members securely
fastened to said main supporting member at the ends thereof.
8. An apparatus as set forth in claim 7 wherein said first switch
means is securely fastened to said main supporting member and said
second and third switch means are each securely fastened to one of
said auxiliary supporting members.
9. An apparatus as set forth in claim 7 wherein said linear main
supporting member includes means for adjusting the length of said
main supporting member.
10. An apparatus as set forth in claim 7 wherein said support means
further includes a plate having a plurality of mounting holes
contained therein securely fastened to said main supporting member,
and wherein said first switch means is securely attached to said
plate whereby the position of said first switch means with respect
to said main supporting member is adjustable.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to an alarm system and more
particularly to an alarm system for a wheelchair wherein the alarm
will be activated if the wheelchair seat is unoccupied and if at
least one of the wheelchair brakes is disengaged.
Most presently available wheelchairs are equipped with brake
assemblies positioned on both sides of the chair. Each brake
assembly includes a brake arm which is disposed to engage the
adjacent drive wheel. When a patient leaves the wheelchair, he
should first set the wheelchair brakes to thereby immobilize the
chair and prevent it from sliding out from under him during the
transfer procedure. In addition, it is most desirable that
unattended wheelchairs be left with both brake assemblies engaging
both drive wheels so that the chair is safely immobilized, and
there will be no danger of the chair sliding out from under a
patient attempting to sit in the wheelchair. In the past, as a
result of the failure to engage the wheelchair brake assemblies,
patients have suffered a very high incidence of injury which occurs
when the chair slips from under the patient and the patient falls
to the floor. Such injuries, usually in the nature of fractured
hips, etc., in aged and debilitated persons are often most
grave.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,302,757 discloses an apparatus designed to solve
the aforementioned problems. This apparatus automatically applies a
specially designed brake to each wheel of a wheelchair when weight
is removed from the wheelchair seat. This apparatus utilizes an
adjustable belt, upon which the patient sits, and which is
connected to two spring biased brake layers to release the brake
pressure when sufficient weight is applied to the belt. This
apparatus is complex in structure and therefore relatively costly
to manufacture and difficult to install on existing wheelchairs. In
addition, this apparatus makes no provision for braking the
wheelchair while the wheelchair seat is occupied.
In other environments, particularly in automotive vehicles, alarm
systems have been utilized to warn the driver that the vehicle is
being left in an unsafe condition. For example, U.S. Pat. No.
3,723,968 discloses an alarm circuit for an automobile which sounds
an alarm if both the parking brake is off and the driver's seat is
unoccupied. In addition, U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,055,187 and 3,748,640
show automobile alarm circuits responsive to both seat occupancy
and other conditions in the vehicle, such as the condition of seat
belts, headlights, etc.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the present, a standard wheelchair including a
seat, first and second drive wheels, and first and second drive
wheel brake assemblies movable along a wheel engaging path, is
provided with a frame adapted to be mounted beneath the wheelchair
seat. Electrically actuated alarm means is securely attached to the
frame. A first switch means is also securely attached to the frame,
and is adapted to be maintained in contact with the wheelchair seat
to thereby assume a first position when there is no weight on the
wheelchair seat and be forced into a second position in response to
a weight on the wheelchair seat. A second switch means is securely
attached to the frame and is adapted to be positioned in the path
of movement of the first brake assembly to thereby assume a first
position when the first brake assembly is disengaged from the first
drive wheel and be forced into a second position when the first
brake is applied to the first drive wheel. A third switch means is
securely attached to the frame and is adapted to be positioned in
the path of movement of the second brake assembly to thereby assume
a first position when the second brake assembly is disengaged from
the second drive wheel and be forced into a second position when
the second brake is applied to the second drive wheel. Conductor
means are provided to electrically connect the alarm means with the
first, second and third switch means so that the alarm means is
actuated if the first switch means and either the second switch
means or the third switch means are in the first position,
indicating no weight in the wheelchair seat and the disengagement
of at least one of the brake assemblies.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
An object of the present invention is the provision of a wheelchair
alarm system which will aid in the prevention of injury to
wheelchair users.
Another object of the present invention is the provision of a
wheelchair alarm system which is simple in construction and may be
easily installed on existing wheelchairs.
A further object of the present invention is the provision of a
wheelchair alarm system which will not interfere with the normal
operation of the wheelchair or the wheelchair braking
assemblies.
Still another object of the present invention is the provision of a
wheelchair alarm system which is inexpensive to manufacture.
Other objects, advantages and novel features of the present
invention will become apparent from the following detailed
description of the invention when considered in conjunction with
the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 shows a front view of the wheelchair alarm system of the
present invention, with the wheelchair seat shown in phantom;
FIG. 2 shows a partial top view of the wheelchair alarm system of
the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a rear view of the wheelchair alarm system of the
present invention;
FIG. 4 shows an end view of the wheelchair alarm system of the
present invention and shows the wheelchair brake assembly engaging
the drive wheel (shown in phantom);
FIG. 5 shows an end view of the wheelchair alarm system of the
present invention showing the brake assembly disengaged from the
drive wheel (shown in phantom);
FIG. 6 is a schematic of the electric circuit of the wheelchair
alarm system of the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The structure of the wheelchair alarm system of the present
invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2 and 3.
A pair of standard wheelchair brake assemblies 10 and 12 are
fastened, by means of brackets 14 and 16, to structural members on
the wheelchair (not shown). A wheelchair seat 18 and 18' is shown
in phantom as being suspended from the same wheelchair structural
member. A support means, preferably shown as a frame, generally
indicated at 20, is suspended from the brackets 14 and 16 so as to
be positioned beneath the wheelchair seat 18. Although the frame 20
is shown in the preferred embodiment as being suspended from the
brake assemblies 10 and 12, it is to be understood that the frame
20 could be mounted beneath the wheelchair seat 18 in any known
manner. The frame 20 is preferably made up of a linear main
supporting member 22, which in turn includes three overlapping
members 24, 26 and 28. The overlapping members are preferably
formed of steel angle irons which are suitably fastened, for
example, by nuts and bolts 30. Additional holes 32 may be drilled
in the overlapping members so as to permit an easy adjustment in
the length of the frame, to thereby permit it to be readily
attached to wheelchairs of varying widths. Auxiliary supporting
members 34 and 36 are securely fastened to the linear main
supporting member 22 at the ends thereof, preferably by means of
nuts and bolts 38. The auxiliary supporting members 34 and 36 are
also preferably angle irons and are mounted at right angles with
respect to the linear main supporting member 22.
An alarm means 40 is securely fastened to the center member 26,
preferably by means of a bracket 42 and bolts 44. The alarm means
40 can be any electrically actuated self-contained alarm and is
preferably a battery-powered commercially available unit selling
under the tradename "Powerhorn Jr. Security System." This unit has
its own off-on switch 46.
A plate 48 is securely fastened to the center supporting member 26,
preferably by means of nuts and bolts 50. The plate includes a
plurality of additional mounting holes 52 so that the position of
the plate with respect to the frame 20 is adjustable. Securely
fastened to the top of the plate 48 is a first switch means 54. The
switch 54 is a standard microswitch having a lever 56 extending
therefrom, which lever is utilized to actuate the switch 54. As is
shown best in FIG. 1, the lever 56 is maintained in contact with
the wheelchair seat 18, such that when the wheelchair seat is
unoccupied, the seat rises somewhat (as shown at 18') and the
switch lever assumes a first position as is shown in phantom in
56'. When the wheelchair seat is occupied, even a slight amount of
weight on the seat 18 will be sufficient to depress the lever to a
second position as is shown at 56. Thus, it is apparent that the
switch means 54 can be utilized to sense whether or not the
wheelchair seat is occupied.
Securely fastened to each of the auxiliary supporting members 34
and 36 are second and third switch means 58 and 60, respectively.
The switches 58 and 60 include levers 62 and 64, which are
positioned so as to maintain contact with the brake assemblies 10
and 12, respectively. Since the operation of the switches 58 and 60
is identical, the operation of switch 58 only will be described in
connection with FIGS. 4 and 5.
In FIG. 5, the brake assembly 10 is shown disengaged from the drive
wheel 66 (shown in phantom). As a result, the lever 62 of the
switch 58 assumes a first position. When the brake arm 68 is
applied to the wheel 66 as shown in FIG. 4, the lever 62 is forced
into a second position. Thus, it is apparent that the second and
third switch means 58 and 60 serve to monitor the position of the
brake levers 10 and 12, respectively.
The alarm 40 and the three switches 54, 58 and 60 are electrically
interconnected by suitable conductor means 70 as schematically
illustrated in FIG. 6. The switch 54 includes a normally closed
contact 72 and a normally open contact 74. The normally closed
contact 72 corresponds to the first position of the lever 56 and
thus the wiper 76 assumes contact with the normally closed contact
72 when the wheelchair seat is unoccupied. When the wheelchair seat
is occupied, the weight on the seat forces the lever 56 to assume
its second position and thereby forces the wiper 76 into contact
with the normally open switch contact 74. When the wiper 76 is in
contact with the terminal 74, it is impossible for the alarm to
sound. Thus, as long as the wheelchair seat is occupied, the alarm
40 cannot be activated. The switches 58 and 60 include normally
closed contacts 78 and 80, respectively, normally open contacts 82
and 84, respectively, and wipers 86 and 88, respectively. Once
again, since the operation of the switches 58 and 60 is identical,
the operation of switch 58 only will be described.
When the brake assembly 10 is disengaged from the drive wheel 66,
the switch lever 62 assumes its first position and, as a result,
the wiper 86 is in contact with the normally closed switch contact
78. When the brake 68 engages the drive wheel 66 and the switch
lever 62 is forced into its second position, the wiper 86 is forced
into contact with the normally open terminal 82. Thus, it can be
easily seen that in order for the alarm 40 to be actuated, the
switch 54 must be in the closed position, indicating that the
wheelchair seat is unoccupied, and either the switch 58 or the
switch 60 must also be in the closed position, indicating the brake
assembly 10 or brake assembly 12 is disengaged from its respective
drive wheel.
Thus, a relatively simple yet effective alarm system has been
provided to aid in the prevention of injury to patients in the
process of leaving or sitting in an unbraked wheelchair. The frame
20 can easily be mounted beneath the seat of any commercially
available wheelchair without interfering with the normal operation
of the wheelchair or the brake assemblies.
While there has been described what is at present considered to be
the preferred embodiment of the invention, it will be obvious to
those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may
be made therein, without departing from the invention. It is,
therefore, aimed in the appended claims to cover all such changes
and modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of the
invention.
* * * * *