U.S. patent number 3,903,492 [Application Number 05/508,630] was granted by the patent office on 1975-09-02 for temperature operated switch of a variable operating temperature.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Tohoku Metal Industries Ltd.. Invention is credited to Yosio Akama, Masanori Endo, Yoshihumi Kusaka.
United States Patent |
3,903,492 |
Endo , et al. |
September 2, 1975 |
Temperature operated switch of a variable operating temperature
Abstract
A temperature operated switch comprising a reed switch,
permanent magnets temperature sensitive ferromagnetic materials and
an auxiliary permanent magnet in which permanent magnets and
temperature sensitive ferromagnetic materials is so disposed along
the reed switch that they make a magnetic closed loop together with
reeds of the reed switch and in which the auxiliary permanent
magnet is rotatably disposed in the vicinity of a set of the
permanent magnet and the temperature sensitive ferromagnetic
material. The operating temperature of the switch is generally
defined by the Curie point of the temperature sensitive
ferromagnetic material, but can be fine controlled by adjusting the
orientation of the rotatable auxiliary permanent magnet.
Inventors: |
Endo; Masanori (Yokohama,
JA), Kusaka; Yoshihumi (Yokohama, JA),
Akama; Yosio (Yokohama, JA) |
Assignee: |
Tohoku Metal Industries Ltd.
(Yokohama, JA)
|
Family
ID: |
14471841 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/508,630 |
Filed: |
September 23, 1974 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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Sep 27, 1973 [JA] |
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48-107938 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
335/208 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H01H
37/585 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H01H
37/58 (20060101); H01H 37/00 (20060101); H01H
037/58 () |
Field of
Search: |
;335/208,146,217 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Broome; Harold
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Flynn & Frishauf
Claims
What we claim is:
1. A temperature operated switch comprising
an elongated reed switch including a pair of reeds,
at least one permanent magnet disposed alongside said reed
switch,
at least one ferromagnetic boyd having a predetermined Curie point
lower than that of said at least one permanent magnet, and which is
disposed alongside said reed switch and in the vicinity of said at
least one permanent magnet to selectively establish a closed
magnetic loop together with said at least one permanent magnet and
the two reeds of said reed switch, and
an auxiliary permanent magnet rotatably mounted in the vicinity of
said at least one permanent magnet and said ferromagnetic body,
said auxiliary permanent magnet being rotatable relative to said at
least one permanent magnet and to said ferromagnetic body.
2. The switch as claimed in claim 1 wherein said auxiliary
permanent magnet is rotatably mounted substantially at the
mid-point between opposite poles thereof and about an axis which is
perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said reed switch.
3. The switch as claimed in claim 2 wherein said auxiliary
permanent magnet is in the form of a disk which is magnetized in
the direction of a diameter thereof.
4. The switch as claimed in claim 2 wherein said auxiliary
permanent magnet is an elongated permanent magnet.
5. The switch as claimed in claim 2 wherein the axis about which
said auxiliary permanent magnet is rotatable is located
substantially at the mid-point of said reed switch, said mid-point
being taken in the longitudinal direction of said reed switch.
6. The switch as claimed in claim 1 wherein said auxiliary
permanent magnet is an elongated magnet having a longitudinal axis,
and is rotatably mounted so as to be rotatable about said
longitudinal axis thereof.
7. The switch as claimed in claim 6 wherein said elongated
auxiliary permanent magnet is disposed in parallel with said
elongated reed switch.
8. The switch as claimed in claim 6 wherein said elongated
permanent magnet is in the form of a rod, both halves of the rod
which are sectioned by a plane including a central axis thereof
being magnetized in the axial direction of the rod but in opposite
directions relative to one another.
9. The switch as claimed in claim 1 comprising a pair of permanent
magnets disposed alongside said reed switch, said at least one
ferromagnetic body being interposed therebetween.
10. The switch as claimed in claim 9 wherein said two permanent
magnets are disposed with their poles in series-aiding.
11. The switch as claimed in claim 1 wherein said at least one
permanent magnet and at least one ferromagnetic body are annular
members, the elongated reed switch being disposed within the
central openings of said at least one permanent magnet and said at
least one ferromagnetic body.
12. The switch as claimed in claim 1 wherein said at least one
ferromagnetic body has a Curie point whereby when the temperature
of said body is below said Curie point, magnetic flux flows in the
closed magnetic loop, and when the temperature is higher than said
Curie point, said ferromagnetic body becomes non-ferromagnetic so
as to prevent said closed magnetic loop from being established.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to temperature operated switches and, in
particular, thermo-magnetically operated switch comprising a reed
switch, one or more permanent magnets disposed alongside the reed
switch and one or more temperature sensitive ferromagnetic
materials disposed to make a magnetic closed loop together with the
permanent magnets and two reeds of the reed switch.
The operating temperature of the thermo-magnetically operated
switch is defined by the Curie point of the temperature sensitive
ferromagnetic material. When the peripheral temperature is lower
than the Curie point of the temperature sensitive ferromagnetic
material, the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet flows through
the temperature sensitive ferromagnetic material and two reeds of
the reed switch so that both reeds may be closed. When the
peripheral temperature is higher than the Curie point of the
temperature sensitive ferromagnetic material, both reeds of the
reed switch is opened because the temperature sensitive material
exhibits not ferromagnetism but paramagnetism to inhibit the
magnetic flux from the permanent magnet from flowing over the two
reeds of the reed switch.
If it is required to change the operating temperature, the
temperature sensitive ferromagnetic material must be replaced by
another ferromagnetic material having a different Curie point, or
another thermo-magnetically operated switch having a different
operating temperature must be used.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An object of this invention is to provide a thermomagnetically
operated switch of which operating temperature can be readily
varied.
Another object of this invention is to provide a
thermo-magnetically operated switch which is capable of
fine-control of the operating temperature.
Still another object of this invention is to realize above objects
with a simple and economical structure.
A temperature operated switch of this invention comprises an
elongated reed switch, having a pair of needs at least one
permanent magnet disposed alongside said reed switch, at least one
ferromagnetic body having a predetermined Curie point lower than
that of said at least one permanent magnet and which is disposed
alongside said reed switch and in the vicinity of said at least one
permanent magnet to selectively establish a closed magnetic loop
together with said at least one permanent magnet and the two reeds
of said reed switch, and an auxiliary permanent magnet rotatably
mounted in the vicinity of said at least one permanent magnet and
said ferromagnetic body. The auxiliary magnet is notable relative
to said at least one permanent magnet and to said ferromagnetic
body.
The auxiliary permanent magnet may be, preferably, in the form of a
disk which is magnetized in the direction of a diameter thereof.
The magnet disk is so disposed that its center axis is
perpendicular to the axis of the reed switch, with the disk being
rotatable about the center axis thereof.
The auxiliary permanent magnet may be in the form of a rod which is
disposed in parallel with the reed switch and rotatable about the
center axis, with both halves of the rod sectioned by a plane
including the center axis of the rod being magnetized in the axial
direction but in opposite directions one another.
Further objects and features of this invention will be understood
from descriptions relating to embodiments of this invention
referring to the annexed drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 diagrammatically shows a sectional view of a known
thermo-magnetically operated switch,
FIGS. 2a-2c diagrammatically show sectional views of
thermo-magnetically operated switches, of which operating is varied
by three different principles, respectively,
FIGS. 3a and 3b show a perspective view of a thermo-magnetically
operated switch according to the first principle for varying the
operating temperature, and the variation of the operating
temperature, respectively,
FIGS. 4a and 4b show a perspective view for explaining the
fundamental structure of an embodiment of this invention, and the
variation of the operating temperature, respectively,
FIG. 5 diagrammatically shows a perspective view of a fundamental
structure of another embodiment of this invention and,
FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 show perspective views of different embodiments
of this invention, partially broken away to illustrate the internal
structure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring to FIG. 1, in which an example of known
thermomagnetically operated switch is shown, the switch comprises
an elongated reed switch 4, an annular temperature sensitive
ferromagnetic body 5, in the bore of which the reed switch is
disposed and two annular permanent magnets 6 and 7 which are
disposed at opposite sides of the ferromagnetic body 5.
The reed switch 4, as is well known in the art, comprises a glass
envelope 3 and a pair of ferromagnetic reeds 1 and 2 hermetically
sealed in the envelope 3 with free ends thereof overlapped for
opening and closing movements relative to one another.
The annular temperature sensitive ferromagnetic body 5 has a Curie
point which is a desired temperature generally equal to the
operating temperature of the switch.
The two annular permanent magnets 6 and 7 are magnetized in the
axial direction, the Curie points of which are sufficiently higher
than the operating temperature of the switch.
The temperature sensitive ferromagnetic body 5, the two permanent
magnets 6 and 7 and a pair of reeds 1 and 2 make a magnetic closed
loop.
When the peripheral temperature (i.e., the ambient temperature
around the switch) is lower than the Curie point of the
ferromagnetic body 5, the magnetic flux flows in the magnetic
closed loop so that a pair of reeds are closed. On the other hand,
a pair of reeds are opened when the peripheral temperature is
higher than the Curie point of the ferromagnetic body 5, because
the ferromagnetism of the body 5 disappears so that the magnetic
closed loop including a pass over both reeds 1 and 2 may not be
established.
The operating temperature of this switch is defined by the Curie
point of the temperature sensitive ferromagnetic body 5.
It is desired that the operating temperature of the switch can be
readily varied, from the view point of the enlarged applications of
the thermo-magnetically operated switch.
In order to vary the operating temperature of the switch, three
different principles can be employed alternatively.
The first principal is to control the magnetic flux density which
is used for opening and closing movement of the reeds by the
addition of a ferromagnetic substance 10 which is movable toward
near and away from the thermo-magnetically operated switch 8, as
shown in FIG. 2a.
This invention is based on the first principle.
The second principle, illustrated in FIG. 2b, is the addition of
the magnetic field by a coil 11, the strengh of which may be varied
by the variation of the D.C. current fed to the coil 11 so that the
operating temperature may be varied. Since it is required to
maintain the selected value of the D.C. current fed to the coil 11
during the use of the switch, the device becomes expensive.
The third principle is to control of the permeability of the
temperature sensitive ferromagnetic body by the addition of a
heater 12 in the vicinity of the switch 8, as shown in FIG. 2c. The
accurate control of the permeability by the heater is very
difficult so that it may be impossible to establish and maintain a
desired operating temperature.
FIG. 3a shows an embodiment based on the first principle as shown
in FIG. 2a. This device comprises such a thermo-magnetically
operated switch 8 as shown in FIG. 1, and a soft magnetic rod 20
slidably disposed in a hole which is perforated over the annular
permanent magnets 6 and 7 and the annular temperature sensitive
ferromagnetic body 5 in the axial direction of the reed switch 4.
The operating temperature of the switch 8 is controlled by the
length of the rod 20 inserted into the hole. FIG. 3b
diagrammatically shows the variation of the operating temperature
(.DELTA.T) to the length of the rod (l) inserted in the hole.
The more the rod 20 is inserted in the hole, the more the operating
temperature drops down.
According to this embodiment, it is impossible to shift the
operating temperature of the switch 8 to the higher
temperature.
According to the present invention an auxiliary permanent magnet is
disposed in the vicinity of a thermo-magnetically operated switch
to shift the operating temperature of the switch up and down on the
temperature axis by rotating the auxiliary permanent magnet.
Referring to FIG. 4a, in which a fundamental structure of the
present invention is shown, an auxiliary permanent magnet 30 is
disposed in the vicinity of the thermo-magnetically operated switch
8 as shown in FIG. 1. The auxiliary permanent magnet 30 is
rotatable on a middle point between opposite poles of the magnet 30
and about an axis which is perpendicular to the axis of the switch
8.
When the rotatable auxiliary permanent magnet 30 is in an angular
position at which the magnet 30 is perpendicular to the switch 8,
magnetic flux from the auxiliary magnet 30 does not affect to the
operation of the switch 8.
Upon the angular position of the auxiliary magnet 30 being shifted,
the magnetic flux from the magnet 30 has a component in the axial
direction of the switch 8, which component affects the magnetic
flux flowing in a pair of reeds of the switch 8, so that the
operating temperature may be shifted.
FIG. 4b shows the variation (.DELTA.T) of the operating temperature
of the switch 8 as a function of the angular position of the
rotatable auxiliary permanent magnet 30. In the drawing, the angle
.theta. represents the angle between the actual position of the
auxiliary magnet 30 and the axis which is perpendicular to the
central axis of the switch 8. The angle .theta. is negative when
the magnetic flux of the auxiliary permanent magnet 30 is opposite
to the magnetic flux from the permanent magnets 6 and 7, and, the
angle .theta. is positive when the magnetic flux of the auxiliary
magnet 30 is in parallel to the magnetic flux of the permanent
magnets 6 and 7.
When .theta. is positive, the magnetic flux density flowing through
a pair of reeds 1 and 2 is increased so that the operating
temperature of the switch 8 is shifted to the higher temperature.
When .theta. is negative, the magnetic flux density flowing through
a pair of reeds 1 and 2 is decreased so that the operating
temperature is shifted to the lower temperature.
Thus the operating temperature of the switch 8 is controlled by the
adjustment of the angular position of the rotatable auxiliary
permanent magnet 30.
The auxiliary permanent magnet 30 may be, preferably, in the form
of a disk, so that the variation of the operating temperature may
be linear.
FIG. 5 shows another structure in which the auxiliary permanent
magnet is in the form of a rod as shown by 31, both halves of the
rod 31 sectioned by a plane including a central axis of the rod
being magnetized in the axial direction thereof but in opposite
directions to one another. The rod magnet 31 is disposed in
parallel with and in the vicinity of the switch 8, and is rotatable
about the central axis thereof. By the rotation of the rod magnet
31, similar variation of the operating temperature of the switch as
shown in FIG. 4a may be achieved.
Referring to FIG. 6, in which an embodiment of this invention is
shown, the thermo-magnetically operated switch 8 and the auxiliary
permanent magnet 32 are contained in a case 43 of a non-magnetic
material. The auxiliary permanent magnet 32 is magnetized in the
axial direction thereof, and is suspended by a holder 40. The
holder 40 is connected to a shaft 41 which is rotatably mounted on
the case 43, so that the auxiliary permanent magnet 32 may be
rotated by the rotation of the shaft 41. To the shaft 41 an
indicator 42 is secured which indicates the angular position of the
auxiliary permanent magnet 32. The indicator 42 also defines the
rotatable angular range of the shaft in cooperation with the two
stoppers 46 mounted on the case 43.
The device of FIG. 6 has an aluminum fin plate 45 for receiving a
peripheral temperature and an electrical terminal 44 for connecting
the reed switch with a peripheral device.
Referring to FIG. 7, in which another embodiment of this invention
is shown, the switch 8 and the auxiliary magnet 33 are accomodated
in the case 43 similarly in the embodiment of FIG. 6. However, the
auxiliary magnet 33 is in the form of a disk which is magnetized in
the direction of a diameter thereof. The disk magnet 33 is exposed
outside the case 43. The exposed surface of the magnet 33 has a
groove by formed therein by means of which the magnet 33 may be
readily rotated.
The device of FIG. 7 is capable of fine control of the operating
temperature and, therefore, provides a highly accurate switch.
The present invention has been described in detail relating to
thermo-magnetically operated switches of specific arrangements, but
it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the
invention is readily applicable to thermo-magnetically operated
switches of other arrangements, regardless of the numbers, the
positions and the forms of the permanent magnet and the temperature
sensitive ferromagnetic material.
* * * * *