U.S. patent number 3,902,551 [Application Number 05/447,196] was granted by the patent office on 1975-09-02 for heat exchange assembly and fin member therefor.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Carrier Corporation. Invention is credited to Richard J. Duell, Fred V. Honnold, Jr., Alexander T. Lim.
United States Patent |
3,902,551 |
Lim , et al. |
September 2, 1975 |
Heat exchange assembly and fin member therefor
Abstract
A fin member for use in a heat exchange assembly comprising a
piece of sheet-like material having at least one row of openings,
each opening being provided to receive a conduit having a heat
transfer medium flowing therethrough. The sheet-like material has a
plurality of corrugations formed on the opposed surfaces thereof
between each of the longitudinally extended sides and the row of
openings. Each of the corrugations includes at least one hill-like
portion and one valley-like portion. The material further includes
a generally planar surface extending parallel to said corrugations
and being disposed vertically thereabove. Condensate droplets
formed on the planar surface flow thereacross to be deflected by a
hill-like corrugation to thence flow axially along the length of
said fin member into condensate collection trough.
Inventors: |
Lim; Alexander T. (North
Syracuse, NY), Duell; Richard J. (Syracuse, NY), Honnold,
Jr.; Fred V. (North Syracuse, NY) |
Assignee: |
Carrier Corporation (Syracuse,
NY)
|
Family
ID: |
23775378 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/447,196 |
Filed: |
March 1, 1974 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
165/111; 62/290;
62/288; 165/151; 165/DIG.201 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F28F
1/32 (20130101); F28F 9/013 (20130101); Y10S
165/201 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F28F
9/007 (20060101); F28F 9/013 (20060101); F28F
1/32 (20060101); F28B 009/10 () |
Field of
Search: |
;165/111
;62/272,285,288,289,290,291 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Davis, Jr.; Albert W.
Assistant Examiner: O'Connor; Daniel J.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Curtin; J. Raymond Deutsch; Barry
E.
Claims
We claim:
1. A heat exchange assembly adapted for installation in a housing
having a flow of air therethrough, said assembly including a heat
exchange coil having a plurality of conduits having a relatively
cold heat exchange medium flowing therethrough, air flowing through
a housing passing over said conduits in heat transfer relation with
said medium, a plurality of plate-like fin members having at least
one row of openings for receiving each one of said plurality of
conduits, said plate-like members being spaced substantially
equi-distant along the length of said conduits, whereby said air
passing through said housing passes through a plurality of passages
defined by adjacent fin members, and means for collecting
condensate formed as a result of the cooling of said air, each of
said fin members comprising:
a piece of sheet-like material having opposite longitudinally
extended side edges extending transversely to the path of flow of
said air over said fin member, said openings being formed in said
sheet-like material between said opposite side edges; and
a plurality of corrugations formed on the opposed surfaces of said
sheet-like material between each of said opposite sides and said
row of openings, each of said corrugations including at least one
hill-like portion and one valley-like portion, said sheet-like
material further including at least one generally planar surface
extending parallel to said corrugations and being disposed
vertically thereabove, condensate droplets formed on said generally
planar surface flowing transversely thereacross to be deflected by
said hill-like corrugation to flow axially along the length of said
corrugations into said condensate collection means.
2. A heat exchange assembly in accordance with claim 1 wherein the
depth of a valley-like portion is substantially equal to the width
thereof.
3. A heat exchange assembly in accordance with claim 2 wherein said
coil is disposed in said housing at an angle of less than
45.degree. but greater than 0.degree. relative to a horizontal
plane.
4. A heat exchange assembly in accordance with claim 3 wherein said
corrugations limit the size of condensate droplets to a maximum of
0.125 inches in diameter.
5. A heat exchange assembly in accordance with claim 1 wherein said
corrugations limit the size of condensate droplets to a maximum of
0.125 inches in diameter.
6. A heat exchange assembly in accordance with claim 1 wherein said
coil is disposed in said housing at an angle of less than
45.degree. but greater than 0.degree. relative to a horizontal
plane.
7. A fin member for use in a heat exchange coil positioned in a
housing having a flow of air therethrough and further including a
plurality of generally parallel fluid conduits connected to conduct
a relatively cold heat exchange medium through the heat exchange
coil, the air flowing through said housing passing over said
conduits in heat transfer relation with said relatively cold heat
exchange medium, each of said fin members comprising;
a piece of sheet-like material having opposite longitudinally
extended side edges extending transversely to a path of flow of air
over said fin member, said sheet-like material having at least one
row of openings formed therethrough between said opposite side
edges and
a plurality of corrugations formed on the opposed surfaces of said
sheet-like material between each of said opposite side edges and
said row of openings, each of said corrugations including at least
one hill-like portion and one valley-like portion, a hill-like
portion of a first surface of said material defining a valley-like
portion on the opposed surface of said material, and a hill-like
portion on the opposed surface defining a valley-like portion on
said first surface, said sheet-like material further including a
generally planar surface extending parallel to said corrugations
and being disposed vertically thereabove, condensate droplets
formed on said generally planar surface flowing transversely
thereacross to be deflected by said hill-like corrugations to flow
axially along the length of said fin member into a condensate
collection means.
8. A fin member in accordance with claim 7 wherein the depth of a
valley-like portion is substantially equal to the width
thereof.
9. A fin member in accordance with claim 8 wherein said
corrugations limit the size of condensate droplets to a maximum of
0.125 inches in diameter.
10. A fin member in accordance with claim 7 wherein said
corrugations limit the size of condensate droplets to a maximum of
0.125 inches in diameter.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to heat exchange assemblies. More
particularly, this invention relates to heat exchange coils of the
plate fin type having a novel fin construction. The plate fin in
accordance with invention is particularly suitable for use where
the heat exchange coil is employed to cool a relatively warm medium
flowing thereover in heat transfer relation with a relatively cold
medium flowing therethrough.
Various types of heat exchange assemblies known to those skilled in
the art may be employed in many varied applications. One such
application involves the utilization of a heat exchange assembly
including a heat exchange coil as an evaporator in a refrigeration
unit. Generally, when a heat exchange assembly is used as an
evaporator, the heat exchange coil will be connected to a source of
a relatively cold fluid medium, for example water or a suitable
chemical refrigerant. Air to be cooled, is routed over the heat
exchange coil in heat transfer relation with the relatively cold
fluid medium. The relatively cold medium absorbs heat from the air
thereby cooling the air to a desired temperature level. Often
times, the air is cooled below its dew point, condensate thus
forming on the surfaces of the fins of the coil.
Collection means such as pans or troughs are provided in heat
exchange assemblies of the type described hereinabove to collect
the condensate formed as a result of the cooling of air below its
dew point. If the condensate fails to flow into the collection
means, but rather falls randomly throughout the heat exchange
assembly, annoying puddles of condensate will be formed.
Generally, where the fins of the heat exchange coil are positioned
within the housing at an angle greater than 45.degree. relative to
a horizontal plane, the weight of the condensate will cause the
condensate droplets to flow along the axial length of the fins into
the condensate collection means. However, where the fins of the
coil are disposed at an angle less than 45.degree. relative to a
horizontal plane, the weight of the condensate droplets will cause
the condensate to flow transversely across the fins, to thereby
fall randomly within the heat exchange assembly housing.
Evaporators of the type described hereinabove are typically
employed in refrigeration units providing conditioned air for
residential buildings. One type of air conditioning system commonly
employed in residential applications is known by those familiar in
the art as a "split system." In a split system, the evaporator is
often installed in the ductwork supplying air from a forced air
furnace. Very often, space limitations dictates that the evaporator
structure be relatively compact. Thus, to provide the desired
compactness, it is preferable that the fin members be installed in
the heat exchange assembly housing at an angle less than 45.degree.
relative to a horizontal plane.
In order to increase the heat transfer efficiency of the fins, it
has become the practice to deform the surface of the fin to
increase the surface area thereof. Typically, a sinusoidal shaped
corrugation has been stamped or otherwise formed on the entire fin
surface to achieve the foregoing objective. However, tests have
shown that, although the heat transfer efficiency of fins has been
increased by the introduction of such corrugations on the entire
surface of the fins, the corrugations have not functioned to
prevent the formation of puddles via the random falling of
condensate droplets.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a
novel plate fin type heat exchange assembly construction.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a plate fin
construction of novel design wherein condensate formed on the
surface of the fin member will be directed axially along the length
thereof into condensate collection means.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a
heat exchange coil particularly suitable for installation in a
housing where the heat exchange fin members are diposed at an angle
less than 45.degree. relative to a horizontal plane.
These and other objects of the present invention are obtained by
providing a heat exchange assembly having a plurality of fin
members, each member comprising a piece of sheet-like material
having opposite longitudinally extended side edges extending
transversely to the path of flow of air through the housing of the
heat exchange assembly. At least one row of openings is formed in
the sheet material between the opposite side edges thereof, the
openings being provided to receive conduits having a relatively
cold heat exchange medium flowing therethrough. A plurality of
corrugations are formed on the opposed surfaces of the sheet
material between each of the opposed sides and the row of openings.
Each of the corrugations includes at least one hill-like portion
and one valley-like portion. The sheet-like material further
includes a generally planar surface extending parallel to the
corrugations and being disposed vertically thereabove. Condensate
droplets formed on the generally planar surface flow transversely
thereacross to be deflected by the hill-like portion of the
corrugation. The droplet thence flows axially along the length of
the fin member into condensate connection means.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
FIG. 1 is a perspective view, partially in phantom, of a heat
exchange assembly including the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a fin employed in the heat exchange
assembly illustrated in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the lines III--III
of FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 is an isometric view of the fin illustrated in FIGS. 2 and
3;
FIG. 5 is an isometric view of a first alternative embodiment of
the invention;
FIG. 6 is an isometric view of a second alternative embodiment of
the invention; and
FIG. 7 is an isometric view of a prior art fin member.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now to the drawing, there is disclosed a heat exchange
assembly including the invention herein disclosed. In referring to
the various figures of the drawing, like numerals shall refer to
like parts.
With particular reference to FIG. 1, heat exchange assembly 10
includes side walls 11 and 13, connected together by a rear wall
12, the walls forming a casing or housing of the unit. Although not
shown, it should be understood that the casing generally includes a
front wall or door spaced apart from illustrated rear wall 12. The
front wall is preferably removable to permit servicing of the
assembly.
A heat exchange coil 15 is disposed within chamber of plenum 14 of
the casing, the chamber being defined by the front, rear and side
walls. The heat exchange coil includes a plurality of plate fin
members 16, to be more fully described hereinafter. Members 16
extend outwardly from tubes not shown, the members being spaced
equi-distantly along the axial length of the tubes. Each of the
tubes terminates in a return bend 17. Return bends 17 are suitably
connected to the various tubes so a continuous flow circuit is
formed for a suitable heat exchange medium flowing in the tubes.
The heat exchange medium may be for example water or a suitable
chemical refrigerant such as dichlorodifluoromethane, sold under
the trademark "Freon 12". The heat exchange medium passes through
the tubes of the heat exchange coil. Tube sheets 18 and 18' are
preferably provided at either end of the coil. Tube sheet 18' has
at least one tab 19 integrally formed therewith and extending
therefrom. Tab 19 is received in a slot formed in an embossment
provided in rear wall 12 for securing heat exchange coil 15 within
chamber 14.
Side walls 11 and 13 and rear wall 12 define at their bottom an
opening 29 serving as an inlet. The walls further define at their
top an opening 30 serving as an outlet from the heat exchange
assembly. A medium to be cooled, for example air, is routed through
opening 29 via a fan or other similar device (not shown) and passes
in heat transfer relation with the relatively cold medium flowing
through the tubes of the heat exchange coil 15. The relatively cold
medium absorbs heat from the relatively warm medium, to cool the
warm medium to a desired temperature level. After it is cooled, the
medium leaves the heat exchange assembly via outlet 30 and is
delivered to an area or space requiring a relatively cold medium.
It should be understood that the flow of the medium through the
heat exchange assembly may be reversed so that outlet 30 functions
as an inlet and inlet 29 functions as an outlet. The heat exchange
assembly heretofore discussed may be typically employed as an
evaporator of a refrigeration unit employed in a residential air
conditioning system.
When a heat exchange assembly is employed as an evaporator, the
medium to be cooled, is directed over the surface of the tubes
having the relatively cold medium flowing therethrough. Adjacent
pairs of fin members 16 define therebetween air flow passages for
the air passing in heat transfer relation with the medium flowing
through the tubes. When the medium is air, its capacity to hold
moisture is reduced as its temperature is lowered; accordingly,
when the air is cooled, condensate very often forms on the surface
of fin members 16.
Suitable condensate collecting means such as condensate pan or
trough 22 is provided to collect condensate from the surface of fin
members 16. Preferably, condensate collection pan 22 is disposed
below and extends substantially coextensive with the lower surface
of heat exchange coil 15. Pan 22 includes a suitable opening 31
which may be threaded in the manner shown, for connection to a pipe
or other suitable means for draining the condensate collected in
the pan. The manner in which pan 22 is connected to coil 15 is more
fully disclosed in copending application, Ser. No. 401,733, filed
Sept. 28, 1973, and assigned to the same assignee as the present
application.
Very often, in order to meet space limitations, it is desirable to
install heat exchange coil 15 within its housing at an angle of
less than 45.degree. relative to a horizontal plane. Heretofore, in
such installations, very often the condensate formed on surface of
fin members 16 would not flow along the axial length thereof into
condensate collection pan 22, but rather, the weight of the
condensate droplets would cause the condensate to fall randomly
from the fin members to form annoying puddles of water. The fin
member of the present invention avoids the problem heretofore
encountered.
Referring now particularly to FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, there are shown
detailed views of a first embodiment of the present invention.
Each fin member 16 is formed from a sheet-like material, each of
the fin members having at least one row of openings 41 formed
therethrough for receiving the tubes of coil 15. The rows of
openings are formed between the longitudinally extended side edges
42 and 43 of fin member 16. As shown in FIG. 1, when installed in
the housing of assembly 10, coil 15 is positioned so that edges 42
and 43 extend transversely to the path of flow of air through
chamber 14. Ends 44 and 45 have tabs 46 extending therefrom. Tabs
46 are provided so the coil may be properly indexed during the
manufacturing process.
Corrugations 50 are formed between each row of openings and each of
the longitudinally extended side edges. Corrugations 50 include at
least one hill-like portion 51 and at least one valley-like portion
52. Portions 51 and 52 are connected by a generally planar portion
53. A hill-like portion 51 extending from a first surface 54 of fin
member 16 defines a valley-like portion 52 on the opposed surface
57 of the fin member. Similarly, a hill-like portion 51 on the
opposed surface 57 defines a valley-like portion 52 on first
surface 54. Each of the valley-like portions define drainage
channels for the condensate formed on the surfaces of the fin
members. At least one generally planar surface 62 extends along the
fin surface and is vertically disposed relative to the corrugations
50.
Preferably, the corrugations and collars 58 provided about each of
the openings 41 in the fin member are formed via a stamping
process. Collars 58 are provided so that a mechanical bond may be
obtained between the tubes and fin members 16. The drainage
channels defined by the hill-like and valley-like portions of
corrugations 50 permit the condensate to flow along the axial
length of the fin members directly into condensate collection means
22. Preferably, the height of either a hill-like portion 51 or the
depth of a valley-like portion 52 is equal to the width thereof;
the width being measured respectively from the points 59-60, or
60-61.
Referring to FIG. 5, there is shown a first alternative embodiment
of the invention.
Fin member 116 is formed from a sheet-like material. The member
includes corrugations 150. Corrugations 150 have a valley-like
portion 152 and a hill-like portion 151. In essence, the
corrugation defines a deformed surface appearing in cross-section
as a sinusoidally-shaped wave of relatively small frequency. In the
illustrated arrangement, each corrugation between adjacent rows of
openings 141 includes a pair of hill-like and valley-like portions,
separated by a generally planar surface 153. Each fin member has at
least one generally planar surface 162 extending vertically above
each corrugation.
Referring now to FIG. 6, there is shown a second alternate
embodiment. Fin member 216 includes corrugations 250 having
hill-like portions 251 and valley-like portions 252. Each hill-like
portion and valley-like portion is connected via a generally
diagonally extending elongated surface 254. Each corrugation
between adjacent rows of openings 241 includes a pair of hill-like
and valley-like portions, first hill-like and valley-like portions
250' being separated from second portions 250" by a generally
planar surface 253. The fin member further includes a generally
planar surface 262 extending vertically above each corrugation.
Referring now to FIG. 7, there is illustrated a fin member of a
type found in the prior art. Fin member 316 includes a sheet-like
material having rows of openings 341 formed therein. The fin member
includes corrugations 350 having hill-like 351 and valley-like 352
portions extending along the entire surface of the member. It
should be observed that fin member 16 is devoid in having any
planar surfaces, as for example surfaces 53 and 62 of the
embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 2 through 4.
The corrugations 350 define a generally sinusoidally shaped wave
when the fin member is viewed in cross-section. However, the wave
is of a generally large length when compared to the wave length of
the fin member illustrated in FIG. 5.
In applications where the heat exchange coil is disposed within its
housing at an angle of less than 45.degree. relative to a
horizontal plane, a condensate drop forming on a surface, for
example surface 351', of fin member 316, will grow to a relatively
large size before the forces acting thereon are of a sufficient
magnitude to move the drop. The foregoing is caused as a result of
the angular relationship fin surface 351' has relative to both
horizontal and vertical planes.
The force produced by the weight of the drop is resolved into two
components, a first component acting parallel to the longitudinal
axis of the fin, and a second component acting normal to that axis.
The magnitude of the axial component force, when the drop is
initially formed is less than that required to overcome the
adhesive force acting in opposition thereto. Similarly, the
magnitude of the normal component force is less than that required
to overcome the adhesive force also acting in opposition thereto.
The force of adhesion is a function of drop size and for
non-wettable surfaces acts thereon in an opposed direction to any
component force tending to move the drop along the surface. The
surface of the fin members herein described are considered
nonwettable, that is condensate will form thereon as beads or
drops. (Wettable surfaces are characterized by condensate forming
as a film.)
As the drop grows in size, the component forces produced by the
increased weight of the drop increase in magnitude. Due to the
angular relationship of surface 351', relative to vertical and
horizontal planes, the force tending to move the drop downwardly
transversely across the fin surface increases at a greater rate
than the force tending to move the drop axially. At some point, the
drop will commence moving transversely across the fin surface. In
some instances, the drop has grown so that the hill-like portions
of corrugations 350 are unable to deflect the drop into an axial
flow path and thus into the condensate collection means. The
non-deflected drops of condensate will fall randomly from the fin
members 316 to form annoying puddles.
Additionally, by providing relatively large wave-length fin
surfaces, the opposed surfaces defining a valley-like portion of
corrugation 350, for example surfaces 352' and 352" illustrated in
FIG. 7, are spaced relatively far apart. As a consequence, drops
formed between such surfaces will have a tendency to grow in size.
Some of the drops thus formed will become excessive in size and
instead of flowing axially along the channels defined by
valley-like portions 352, will derail, that is, fall therefrom and
flow transversely across the fin surface.
The foregoing disadvantages of the prior art are solved as a result
of employing fin surfaces of the type disclosed herein. Each of the
three embodiments have generally planar surfaces, for example,
surfaces 62 (FIGS. 2 and 4) 162 (FIG. 5), and 262 (FIG. 6)
extending vertically above each of the corrugations. Condensate
droplet formed on such a planar surface produces a force that will
cause the droplet to move transversely across the surface while the
drop is still of relatively small size. The hill-like portions of
the corrugations deflect the drops so they flow axially along the
fin member into the condensate collecting means.
In addition, by maintaining the opposed surfaces defining the
valley-like portions of the corrugations of the fin relatively
close, for example 0.050 inch, the size of the droplets formed
therebetween will be limited to thus maintain the droplet
therebetween. For a drop of the same size if formed between
surfaces 352' and 352" of fin 316, and formed between surfaces 52
and 52" (see FIG. 3) of fin 16, the adhesive force acting on the
drop formed between the latter opposed surfaces will be greater,
due to the greater surface contact between the droplet and fin.
It has been found that fin designs of the present invention that
produce condensate droplets in a range of from one-sixteenth
through one-eighth inches in diameter function efficiently from a
heat transfer standpoint, yet avoid the prior art difficulty caused
by dripping condensate.
While preferred embodiments have been described and illustrated,
the invention should not be limited thereto, but may be otherwise
embodied within the scope of the following claims.
* * * * *