U.S. patent number 3,902,347 [Application Number 05/408,607] was granted by the patent office on 1975-09-02 for mechanical press, especially a cupping press.
This patent grant is currently assigned to The Minster Machine Company. Invention is credited to Kenneth E. Olding, Merrill L. Ridgway.
United States Patent |
3,902,347 |
Ridgway , et al. |
September 2, 1975 |
**Please see images for:
( Certificate of Correction ) ** |
Mechanical press, especially a cupping press
Abstract
A mechanical press, especially for cupping operations in which a
first outer slide is provided and within which a second inner slide
is reciprocably mounted. A crankshaft is mounted in the press and
has first throws thereon connected by connecting rods with the
outer slide and second throws thereon connected by connecting rods
with the inner slide. The throws for the outer slide are advanced
circumferentially from the throws for the inner slide so that, when
the crankshaft rotates, the outer slide will lead the inner slide.
The outer slide carries a blanking die element for blanking out a
work member while the inner slide carries a forming die element for
draw forming the blanked out work member. The other elements of the
dies are stationarily supported on the bed of the press. According
to the present invention, the outer slide is elongated over
conventional press slides and the inner slide is guided within the
outer slide. Adjustments are provided for taking up any excess
running clearances in the guiding arrangements for the slides and
the press can thereby be maintained in efficient operation. The
press construction is relatively simple and is strong and requires
the minimum in maintenance.
Inventors: |
Ridgway; Merrill L. (Minster,
OH), Olding; Kenneth E. (Hamilton, OH) |
Assignee: |
The Minster Machine Company
(Minster, OH)
|
Family
ID: |
23616973 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/408,607 |
Filed: |
October 23, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
72/336; 72/347;
100/214; 72/456 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B21D
24/12 (20130101); B21D 35/00 (20130101); B21D
28/02 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B21D
24/00 (20060101); B21D 35/00 (20060101); B21D
24/12 (20060101); B21D 28/02 (20060101); B21D
028/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;72/455,456,350,351,336,417,347,348,349,352 ;100/214 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Lanham; C. W.
Assistant Examiner: Duzan; James R.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Jeffers; Albert L. Rickert; Roger
M.
Claims
We claim:
1. In a mechanical press; a press frame having a crown and a bed
and uprights extending between the crown and head, an outer slide,
first means including cooperating elements of gib means on said
uprights and the corners of side outer slide for guiding said outer
slide on said uprights for movement toward and away from the bed,
said elements of gib means having two interengaged angularly
related surfaces perpendicular to each other on a single member at
each corner of the outer slide and said elements of gib means being
relatively adjustable, an inner slide, second means guiding said
inner slide in said outer slide for movement parallel to the
movement of the outer slide, a crankshaft rotatable in the crown, a
respective pair of throws on the crankshaft for each slide, and a
respective pair of connecting rods for each slide, each connecting
rod having one end pivotally connected to the respective slide and
the other end engaging a pertaining throw of the crankshaft, means
for adjusting the effective location of the die mounting surface of
the slide with respect to the location of the lower end of the
connecting rods, the said throws pertaining to one of said slides
being angularly offset from the throws pertaining to the other
whereby upon rotation of said crankshaft one of said slides will
lead the other thereof in both directions of movement of the
slides.
2. A mechanical press according to claim 1 in which the throws
pertaining to the outer slide are offset forwardly from the throws
pertaining to the inner slide whereby the outer slide leads the
inner slide.
3. A mechanical press according to claim 1 in which said second
means comprises cooperating elements of gib means on the corners of
said inner slide and in said outer slide, said elements of gib
means having interengaged surfaces, said elements of gib means on
one side of the inner slide having the interengaged surfaces
thereof parallel to a first plane and said elements of gib means on
the opposite side of the inner slide having the interengaged
surfaces thereof in respective second planes which are disposed at
an angle to said first plane and to each other.
4. A mechanical press according to claim 3 in which each said
second plane makes an angle of about 45.degree. with the first
plane, said second planes being substantially perpendicular to each
other and converging in a direction away from the respective side
of the inner slide.
5. A mechanical press according to claim 3 in which said elements
of gib means for said inner slide includes elements adjustably
mounted in said outer slide, and means adjustably securing the
elements in said outer slide and accessible from the outside of
said outer slide.
6. In a mechanical press; a press frame having a crown and a bed
and uprights extending between the crown and bed, an outer slide,
first means guiding said outer slide on said uprights for movement
toward and away from the bed, an inner slide, second means guiding
said inner slide in said outer slide for movement parallel to the
movement of the outer slide, a crankshaft rotatable in the crown, a
respective pair of throws on the crankshaft for each slide, and a
respective pair of connecting rods for each slide, each connecting
rod having one end pivotally connected to the respective slide and
the other end engaging a pertaining throw of the crankshaft, means
for adjusting the effective location of the die mounting surface of
the slide with respect to the location of the lower end of the
connecting rods, the said throws pertaining to one of said slides
being angularly offset from the throws pertaining to the other
whereby upon rotation of said crankshaft one of said slides will
lead the other thereof in both directions of movement of the
slides, said outer slide has parallel front and back portions and
parallel side portions perpendicular to said front and back
portions, said portions defining a rectangular opening extending
through said outer slide to receive said inner slide, said first
means comprising cooperating elements of first giv means on said
uprights and on the corners of said outer slide having angularly
related interengaged first guide surfaces, said second means
comprising cooperating elements of second gib means in opening in
said outer slide and on the corners of said inner slide having
interengaged second guide surfaces parallel to said first guide
surfaces, the height of said outer slide in a direction of the axis
of the said opening therein being substantially greater than the
height of said inner slide measured in the same direction.
7. A mechanical press according to claim 6 in which said first
guide surfaces comprise a pair of angularly related surfaces at
each corner of the outer slide and said first gib means being
adjustable for selectively adjusting said angularly related
surfaces relatively.
8. A mechanical press according to claim 6 which includes means for
supplying fluid under pressure to the said interengaged guide
surfaces, and catch trough means beneath said gib means for
receiving fluid which drains from said guide surfaces.
9. A mechanical press according to claim 8 in which said guide
surfaces are vertical and said catch trough means includes a trough
in said outer slide under each second gib means and a trough in
said frame under each first gib means, said troughs adapted to
drain to a collection region from which the fluid can be returned
to said guide surfaces.
Description
The present invention relates to mechanical presses, and is
particularly concerned with a cupping press of unique and
relatively simple design.
A cupping press is a press in which stock, usually coil stock is
blanked out and the blanked out work member is then formed, as by
drawing, with both the blanking and drawing operations being
performed in a single work cycle, with the work member remaining in
the same position.
Cupping presses, due to the fact that the blanking operation must
be carried out prior to the drawing operation, embody devices for
causing the blanking operation to be carried out in advance of the
drawing operation. Ordinarily, in a cupping press, the control of
the parts of the press to cause the blanking operation to preceed
the drawing operation is by the way of cams and linkages and the
like. Such mechanisms are not only expensive, but are subject to
wear and disorder and are, furthermore, quite often inherently
weak, resulting in excessive deflections under operating loads.
The present invention proposes to provide a mechanical cupping
press which is more simple in design than presses according to the
prior art and more rigid, and in which maintenance problems are
reduced.
More particularly, the present invention proposes the construction
where a mechanical cupping press in which cams, and linkages, and
the like for causing the cupping operation to follow the blanking
operation are eliminated.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention concerns a cupping press in which a frame is
provided which has a bed and a head, or crown, spaced from the bed
and uprights extending between the head and bed. Rotatably mounted
in the crown, or head, is a crankshaft which is selectively driven
in rotation in a conventional manner. Slidably guided on the
uprights for reciprocating movement between the crown and bed, is
an outer slide which has an opening extending completely
therethrough in the vertical direction. Slidably guided within the
opening in the outer slide is an inner slide.
Connecting rods are connected to each slide and extend upwardly
therefrom into the crown of the press frame for connection to the
crankshaft. The crankshaft has one set of throws thereon pertaining
to the outer slide and a second set of throws thereon pertaining to
the inner slide.
According to the present invention, the throws for the outer slide
are circumferentially advanced relative to the throws for the inner
slide so that the outer slide leads the inner slide as the
crankshaft rotates. The outer slide is adapted for carrying a die
element to perform blanking operations on stock fed into the press,
while the inner slide is adapted for supporting a die element to
carry out a cupping or drawing operation on the blanked out work
member. There may also be a blankholder actuated by the outer
slide. By so arranging the throws for the respective slides on the
crankshaft that the outer slide leads the inner slide, all other
mechanisms for causing the slides to move in sequence are
eliminated and the press structure is, therefore, relatively simple
but is extremely rigid, assuring a uniform flow of the workpiece
material during the drawing operation. An additional benefit of the
high structural rigidity is the reduction of operating noise.
The crankshaft is advantageously journalled in the press crown by
bearings which are closely adjacent to the several throws on the
crankshaft and this provides extremely strong support for the
crankshaft thus preventing deflection thereof during operation of
the press.
Advantageously, all of the adjustments for the press pertaining to
the slides can be carried out from outside the outer slide. Thus,
the gibbing for the inner slide can be adjusted from outside the
outer slide while adjustment of the daylight opening pertaining to
each slide can also be adjusted from the outside of the outer
slide. The outer slide, as mentioned, is slidably guided on the
press uprights by an adjustable gib arrangement, and the outer
slide is substantially longer than conventional press slides
because the accuracy of the guiding of the inner slide is dependent
upon not only the gibbing between the inner slide and outer slide
but upon the gibbing between the outer slide and the press
uprights.
Journals of the press and the gibbing arrangement and the like in
the press are advantageously lubricated by lubricant under pressure
and this minimizes wear and, furthermore, increases the stiffness
of the support provided by the journals and the gib
arrangements.
The exact nature of the present invention and the advantages
thereof will be better appreciated upon reference to the following
detailed specification taken in connection with the accompanying
drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a somewhat schematic side view of a press constructed
according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the inner slide of the press
within the outer slide, and showing the connecting rods extending
upwardly from the slides.
FIG. 3 is a perspepctive view showing a typical crankshaft for a
press according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view taken along the axis of the
crankshaft showing the manner in which it is supported in the press
crown.
FIGS. 5 and 6 are fragmentary sectional views through the throws
for the inner slide and outer slide, respectively, showing the
relationship thereof.
FIG. 7 is a graph of the motions taken by the inner and outer
slides and showing the sequencing thereof.
FIG. 8 is a view, partly in section, looking in at the front of the
slides, showing in more detail the relationship between the inner
and outer slides and the connections of the connecting rods
thereto.
FIG. 9 is a view looking down on top of the slides, and partly in
section, and showing more in detail the gibbing pertaining to the
slides.
FIG. 10 is a somewhat schematic perspective view showing the
adjustable gibbing pertaining to the inner slide.
FIG. 11 is a fragmentary view showing the provision of a catch
basin for lubricating fluid disposed beneath a gib for the outer
slide.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Referring to the drawings somewhat more in detail, the press shown
in FIG. 1, comprises the head, or crown, portion 10, which is
supported on uprights 12 which extend downwardly therefrom to a bed
member 14 and which, in turn, is supported by a base 16, and base
16 and bed member 14 may be integral.
An outer slide 18 is reciprocably mounted in the press frame and is
guided on uprights 12. The outer slide is provided with
counterbalancing means on each side, one of which is indicated at
20 in FIG. 1.
FIG. 1 shows the press from the side and coil stock 22 is adapted
to be fed therethrough in the front to back direction by a feeding
mechanism, generally indicated at 24, and which is driven in
synchronism with the press crankshaft which is schematically
indicated at 26 in FIG. 2. The crankshaft 26 is adapted for being
driven by gearing which, in turn, is adapted for being driven by a
flywheel 28 which is, in turn, adapted for being driven by an
electric motor 30.
V-belts, or the like, drivingly connect motor 30 with flywheel 28
and the drive leading from flywheel 28 to crankshaft 26 embodies a
clutch-brake combination which is operable, when the brake is
actuated, to disconnect the drive from the flywheel and to brake
the drive connection against the press frame. When the brake is
released and the clutch is actuated, the driving connection is
released from the press frame and is clutched to flywheel 28 and
causes crankshaft 26 to rotate. The particular drive arrangement
extending from electric motor 30 through flywheel 28 and the
aforementioned drive connection to crankshaft 26 is substantially
conventional and is not described in detail in the present
application.
FIG. 2, which is a schematic front view of the press, will show
that there is an inner slide 32 disposed inside outer slide 18.
Outer slide 18 has connecting rods 34 pertaining thereto extending
upwardly into crown 10 of the press, while inner slide 32 has
connecting rods 36 connected thereto and extending upwardly into
the crown of the press. The connecting rods are adapted for
engagement with respective throws provided on crankshaft 26.
As will be seen in FIG. 3, crankshaft 26 has an outermost pair of
throws 38 which pertain to outer slide 18 and to which the upper
ends of connecting rods 34 are connected in a conventional manner.
Crankshaft 26 also comprises an inner pair of throws 40 pertaining
to the inner slide 32 and to which the upper ends of connecting
rods 36 are connected.
According to the present invention, and as will be seen in FIG. 3,
throws 38 are displaced angularly from throws 40 and, specifically,
in the direction of rotation of crankshaft 26. In the particular
crankshaft illustrated, throws 38 lead throws 40 by 100.degree.,
but the particular angle between throws 38 and throws 40 is
variable in conformity with the particular die arrangement which is
to be placed in the press. The crankshaft is a single forged member
with the throws integral therewith and is, thus, extremely strong
and rigid. The press may be so constructed that the crankshaft is
driven from either one or both ends, but is preferably driven from
both ends in order to minimize twisting thereof. Such twisting of
the crankshaft could cause sufficient angular motion relatively of
the throws of a respective pair thereof to cause the pertaining
slide to tilt in the press. By driving the crankshaft at each end,
such twisting is eliminated. The crankshaft could, of course, be
driven from one end only if made sufficiently massive for the work
operation to be performed.
FIG. 4 schematically illustrates the manner in which crankshaft 26
is supported in crown 10 of the press. In FIG. 4, it will be seen
that the crankshaft is provided with shell type bearing sleeves,
generally indicated at 42, and which are clamped in place about the
crankshaft as by bearing caps 44. The bearing shells, or sleeves,
immediately outside the outer throws 38 are flanged on the throw
side and thus serve as thrust bearings for the crankshaft assembly.
It will be noted that the bearings are disposed closely adjacent
the throws on opposite sides thereof and thereby firmly support the
crankshaft against bending due to the loads imposed thereon by the
respective slides.
The bearings are preferably pressure lubricated and this is
accomplished by conduit means 46 leading through bearing caps 44
and connected to a source of lubricant under pressure. The
lubricant supply to individual bearings can be controlled in any
suitable manner, such as by needle valves. The throws of the
crankshaft can also be pressure lubricated by lubricant conducted
thereto via passages formed in the connections 34 and 36.
FIGS. 5 and 6 demonstrate the relative sizes and the angular
orientation of the throws 38 and 40. FIG. 5 shows a throw 38 and
FIG. 6 shows a throw 40. Assuming the direction of rotation of the
crankshaft, as is viewed in FIGS. 5 and 6, to be counterclockwise
it will be seen that throws 38 lead throws 40 by about 100.degree..
Further, the throws 38 provide for a substantially smaller amount
of movement of the outer slide than is provided for the inner slide
by throws 40. This comes about because outer slide 18 carries out
the blanking operation which requires only a relatively small
storke, while inner slide 32 carries out the drawing operation,
which requires a substantially longer stroke.
More specifically, and with reference to FIG. 7, in the particular
press illustrated, outer slide 18 has a total stroke of about two
inches, whereas inner slide 32 has a total stroke of about 6 and
1/2 inches. FIG. 7 also indicates the amount of lead of the outer
slide over the inner slide. This lead will be seen to be
100.degree. for the particular press illustrated in this
application. As mentioned however, different lead angles, as well
as different slide strokes, can be provided in conformity with the
particular work operation that is being carried out.
In most cupping operations, the blanked out work member is held by
a blank holder, while the drawing operation is carried out. In FIG.
7, the point marked A is that point at which the blank holder which
is actuated by outer slide, leaves the blank. Further points
indicated on FIG. 7 are point B at which the draw punch protrudes
beyond the blanker punch the greatest distance and also the point
at which the inner and outer slide faces are the nearest together
measured in the vertical direction and point C at which the blanker
punch protrudes beyond the draw punch the greatest distance and
also the point at which the slide faces are the farthest apart
measured in the vertical direction. The peaks of the two curves
represent the upper and lower limits of movement of the respective
slides. The curve pertaining to slide 18 has the reference numeral
18 applied thereto, whereas the curve pertaining to inner slide 32
has the reference numeral 32 applied thereto.
FIG. 8 is a rather detailed showing of the relation between the
slides and shows slides 18 and 32 and the connecting rods 34 and
36, respectively, connected thereto. As will be seen in FIG. 8, the
lower end of each of the connecting rods 34 is connected by a pin
50 to the head of a screw 52 that threadedly engages a nut 54
having a worm wheel 56 keyed thereto that is engaged by rotatable
worm 58. Both of the connecting rods 34 are similarly constructed
and the worms 58 pertaining thereto are geared together to turn in
unison so that the effective length of both of the connecting rods
34 can be adjusted at the same time by adjustment of only one of
the worms.
The nut 54 and worm wheel 56 are held in position in a recess in
slide 18 by a flanged clamp member 60.
The same sort of arrangement is provided in respect of the nuts
which connect rods 36 for inner slide 32; with the screw pertaining
thereto being indicated at 63, the nut at 65, the worm wheel at 67
and the worm at 69. The worms 69 for the connecting rods 36 are
also geared together so that the adjustment of the only thereof is
operable for adjusting the effective lengths of both of the
connecting rods 36 at one time.
FIG. 8 also shows the provision of a catch basin 71 beneath the
gibbing for the inner slide. This catch basin 71 catches lubricant
flowing out from between the gibs and conveys it to a trough 73
from which the lubricating fluid is recovered and recirculated. As
will be seen hereinafter, the gibbing for the outer slide is also
provided with catch basins so that lubricant can be received
therefrom and recirculated.
FIG. 9 shows more in detail the gibbing for the outer slide 18 and
the inner slide 32. Referring first to the gibbing for the outer
slide, the uprights 12 of which there is one on each side, each
carry at the front and back of the press an angular member 60
adjustable in the fore and aft direction of the press into slidable
engagement with a gib element 62 carried by slide 18. Slide 18
carries a further gib element 64 engaging member 60 at right angles
to the direction of engagement of gib 62 and giv 64 is backed up by
a tapered strip 66 which is also adjustable in the fore and aft
direction of the press slide thereby to adjust gib member 64 in the
lateral direction. With a gibbing arrangement, as described, in
each corner, the outer slide has eight point support and is, thus,
accurately guided on the press uprights 12 during reciprocating
movement therein.
In respect of the gibbing between inner slide 32 and outer slide
18, at the rear of the inner slide there are flat gib members 68 on
the inner slide which are engaged by wear plates 70 which are
mounted on support members 72 carried inside the outer slide.
Support plates 72 and wear plates 70 are fixed in place on the
outer slide as by cap screws 74.
At each front corner of the inner slide, the slide has mounted
thereon a gib member 76 extending at 45.degree. to the center line
of the inner slide so that the members 76 on opposite sides of the
inner slide converge toward the front of the press. Each member 76
is engaged by an adjustable member 78 which has a 45.degree.
inclined on one side engaging the respective member 76 and an
incline 80 of a smaller angularity on the opposite side.
The inclined surface 80 of member 78 is engaged by a
correspondingly inclined surface on a wedge member 82. The members
78 and 82 are supported in an angular support plate 84 connected to
the inside of the outer slide as by cap screws 86. Cap crews 88
extend through the front of the outer slide and through member 84
and threadedly engage wedge member 82 for adjustment of the wedge
member in the fore and aft direction of the press. Similarly, cap
screws 90 extend through the front of the outer slide and through
member 84 and threadedly engage member 78. The apertures in the
outer slide 18 and the support member 84 for screws 90 are
clearance holes so that member 78 can be adjusted laterally in
order to locate inner slide 32 quite accurately within the outer
slide.
The gibbing for the inner slide 32 that is mounted on the inside of
the outer slide 18 is of sufficient length that the inner slide is
always contained within the gibbing and is, thus, quite accurately
guided at all times. It will also be appreciated that all
adjustments of the gibbing for the inner slide 32 can be made from
outside the outer slide. The various screws and the like are
distributed vertically along the outer slide so that selective
adjustment of different regions of the gibbing can be made.
FIG. 9 also shows a door 92 provided on the outer slide which
covers an opening 94 therein through which access can be had to the
adjacent worm 69 for adjustment of the shut height pertaining to
the inner slide 32. Slide 18 also may have openings 93 therein
(FIG. 2) through which access may be gained to the inner slide for
attachment of the draw punches.
FIGS. 8 and 9 also will show that the inner slide 32 is provided
with a single counterbalancing cylinder arrangement 96 which,
similarly to the counterbalancing arrangement 20 for the outer
slide is advantageously pneumatically operated.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view, schematically illustrating the
gibbing pertaining to the inner slide 32 and mounted within the
outer slide. The various parts of the gibbing arrangement of FIG.
10 carry the same numbers as in FIGS. 8 and 9, while the
distribution of the clamp screws, etc., along the length of the
various members is indicated. This view will also show the surface
of member 78 which engages the gib 76 is provided with a zig-zag
groove 98 formed therein and terminating at both ends within the
limits of the inclined surface which engages member 76. Lubricating
fluid under pressure can be supplied to groove 98 via passage 100
and the lubricant which flows out from between the opposed
relatively slidable members of the gib arrangement will flow
downwardly therealong and be captured by catch basin 71. A similar
catch basin is provided for each of the gibs at each corner of the
inner slide and all of the gib surfaces provided with lubricating
fluid under pressure.
The relatively moveable gib surfaces pertaining to the outer slide
are also provided with a catch basin as schematically illustrated
in FIG. 11. In FIG. 11, the lower end of the gibbing for one of the
corners of the outer slide is schematically indicated at 102, and
therebeneath is a catch basin 104 into which fluid flowing from the
givs will be received. The press is provided with other troughs,
catch basins and the like for collecting circulating fluid so that
it can be returned to aa reservoir and be recirculated through the
press structure.
From the foregoing, it will be evident that the press according to
the present invention is relatively simple in construction but
provides for extremely accurate and firm guiding of the inner slide
and provides for sequential operation of the outer and inner slides
without the provision of expensive and troublesome cams and
linkages and levers and the like.
Modifications may be made within the scope of the appended
claims.
* * * * *