U.S. patent number 3,902,196 [Application Number 05/447,291] was granted by the patent office on 1975-09-02 for canine training apparatus.
This patent grant is currently assigned to R&R K-9 Professional Equipment Co.. Invention is credited to Karl F. Reinfandt.
United States Patent |
3,902,196 |
Reinfandt |
September 2, 1975 |
Canine training apparatus
Abstract
Canine training apparatus comprises a protective sleeve to be
worn by the agitator-trainer. The protective sleeve comprises a
plurality of layers of ballistic type nylon and nylon mesh material
respectively to provide protection from canine tooth penetration
and consequent injury to the agitator trainer. Adjustable
single-handed fastener means are also provided to facilitate
mounting of the apparatus on the wearer's arm.
Inventors: |
Reinfandt; Karl F. (Irvington,
NJ) |
Assignee: |
R&R K-9 Professional Equipment
Co. (Irvington, NJ)
|
Family
ID: |
23775769 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/447,291 |
Filed: |
March 1, 1974 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
2/2.5; 2/16 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A01K
15/02 (20130101); A41D 13/08 (20130101); F41H
1/02 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A41D
13/08 (20060101); A01K 15/00 (20060101); A01K
15/02 (20060101); A41D 13/05 (20060101); F41H
1/00 (20060101); F41H 1/02 (20060101); F41H
001/02 (); A41D 013/08 () |
Field of
Search: |
;2/2.5,16,22,93,2,46,59
;128/165 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Guest; Alfred R.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Malina; Bernard
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. Canine training apparatus comprising a sheet of protective
material having opposite side portions adapted to be drawn together
to form a tubular sleeve suitably shaped to conformably receive the
wearer's arm, said sheet of protective material including a
plurality of overlying layers of material, at least the outermost
top layer of said sheet comprising ballistic type nylon material
and at least one of the intermediate layers of said sheet of
protective material comprising nylon mesh type material.
2. Canine training apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein at least
the innermost bottom layer of said sheet of protetive material
comprises ballistic type nylon material.
3. Canine training apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein at least
the innermost bottom layer of said sheet of protective material
comprises ballistic type nylon material and at least one of the
intermediate layers thereof comprises nylon mesh material.
4. Canine training apparatus as defined in claim 3 wherein two of
the intermediate layers of said sheet of protective material
comprise nylon mesh material and one of the intermediate layers
thereof comprises ballistic type nylon material.
5. Canine training apparatus as defined in claim 3 including
adjustable fastener means linking said opposite side portions to
permit conformable adjustment of said apparatus on the wearer's
arm.
6. Canine training apparatus as defined in claim 5 wherein said
adjustable fastener means comprises single-handed lacing means
secured to said opposite side portions for drawing said opposite
side portions together.
7. Canine training apparatus as defined in claim 6 wherein said
lacing means extends substantially along the length of said
opposite side portions.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to apparatus for use in training dogs
and more particularly to a protective device for use by the trainer
in training attack dogs for security purposes.
In training attack dogs such as the German Shepherd, Doberman and
the like, for police and general security purposes, it is customary
for one trainer to serve as an agitator, i.e., to provoke the dog
to attack him while a second trainer controls the dog's movements,
allowing the dog to attack the agitator in a limited manner while
the dog is restrained on a leash. It is desirable to train such
dogs to attack intruders by biting the intruder's clothing, and for
this purpose, in the training sessions the agitator-trainer
presents his forearm as a target for the dog's bite. The dog is
taught to attack the agitator-trainer's arm by biting into the
clothing covering the agitator-trainer's forearm and consequently
tearing the agitator-trainer's clothing. In such circumstances, the
dog's teeth easily penetrates the clothing covering the
agitator-trainer's clothing and presents a risk of serious injury
to the agitator-trainer.
Heretofore, in such training sessions the agitator-trainer would
wear discardable clothing, such as an old jacket whose destruction
would be of no concern and the agitator-trainer would rely
principally on the skill of the other trainer to restrain and
withdraw the dog before the agitator-trainer suffer serious injury.
Clearly, the foregoing arrangement for safeguarding the
agitator-trainer does not eliminate risk of injury to the
agitator-trainer and, therefore, tends to inhibit proper training
of the attack dog.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide arm
protective apparatus for use in training attack dogs.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide arm
protective apparatus of the character described which is
lightweight, flexible and protective of the wearer's arm against
the bite of the attack dog being trained.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with the principles of the present invention there is
provided a canine training apparatus comprising a sheet of
protective material having opposite side portions adapted to be
drawn together to form a tubular sleeve suitably shaped to
conformably receive the wearer's arm. The sheet of protective
material comprises a plurality of overlying layers of material with
at least one of said layers comprising ballistic nylon type
material and another of said layers comprising nylon mesh
material.
Additional objects and advantages of the present invention will
become apparent during the course of the following specification
when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in
which:
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a pictorial depiction of an attack dog being trained by
an agitator-trainer wearing the protective apparatus of the present
invention with the control-trainer maintaining the dog in limited
restraint;
FIG. 2 is a side elevational view of the protective apparatus of
the present invention in the drawn condition with a portion thereof
in partial section;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the protective apparatus shown in FIG. 2,
the apparatus in FIG. 3 being rolled out generally flat;
FIG. 4 is a plan view of ballistics type nylon material employed as
a constituent layer in the sheet of protective material forming the
protective apparatus of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a plan view of mesh type nylon material employed as a
constituent layer in the sheet of protective material forming the
protective apparatus of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a cutaway view of a portion of the sheet of protective
material of the protective apparatus of FIG. 2, with the
constituent layers thereof separated to reveal the inner
construction of the protective apparatus of FIG. 2; and
FIG. 7 is a fragmentary cross-section view taken along the line
7--7 in FIG. 6.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Referring to the drawings, and in particular to FIGS. 2 and 3
thereof, the protective apparatus of the present invention,
generally indicated by the numeral 10, is in the form of a sleeve
suitably shaped so as to conform, when in the applied condition of
FIG. 2, with the arm extending from slightly above the wrist to the
armpit. Accordingly, sleeve 10, in the applied condition of FIG. 2,
is reduced in size at the lower end thereof and flares outwardly
toward the upper portion thereof which receives the wearer's arm
close to the shoulder and armpit.
Sleeve 10 may be formed of several layers 12 of protective fabric
material bound together in place at the outer borders thereof by
stitching 14 and a fabric binding 16 to form the unitary sleeve 10.
As shown in FIG. 3, sleeve 10 comprises a pair of straight side
portions 18 and 20 adapted to be drawn together and overlapped and
curved end portions 24 and 26 forming the opposite end openings for
sleeve 10 as shown in FIG. 2. Suitable adjustable fastener means 22
is provided along the edge length of overlying portion 20 and
opposing underlying portion 18 to provide single-handed adjustable
fastening of sleeve 10 by the wearer's free hand.
Fastener means 22 comprises a first fabric strip 28 continuously
secured along the length of one of its sides to sleeve portion 18
by means of stitching 30. A row of spaced eyelet-reinforced
apertures 32 are provided in strips 28 along the length thereof.
Fastener means 22 further comprises a second fabric strip 34
secured along the length of one of its sides to sleeve portion 20
closely adjacent and parallel to border binding 16, as best shown
in FIG. 3.
Another row of eyelet-reinforced apertures 36 are provided in strip
34 similarly spaced and positioned along the length of strip 34 so
that each aperture aligns with the corresponding aperture 32 when
sleeve side portions 20 and 18 are overlapped and drawn together as
shown in FIG. 2.
Fastener means 22 further includes a plurality of single-handed
lacings 38 spaced along the length of strips 30 and 34. Each lacing
38 comprises a plurality of closed looped cords 40 each of which is
drawn over the top surface of strip 34 through two adjacent eyelets
36, from the underside of strip 30 through a corresponding pair of
eyelets 32 and have their terminal ends fastened to one end of
fastening strap 40. Strap 40 is provided with a fibrous surface for
releasable adhesion to a matching fibrous surface on corresponding
strip 42 stitched to end portion 20. Fastener strap 40 and strip 42
may be of the well known type marketed under the trademark
"Velcro."
As previously indicated, sleeve 10 comprises a plurality of layers
12 of protective fabric material. I have found that in order to
provide a light-weight flexible protective sleeve 10 with good
resistance to puncture by canine teeth and the ability to limit
in-depth penetration, fabric layers 12 may advantageously variously
comprise ballistic type nylon material 44 and nylon mesh material
48. I have found to be particularly suitable for such purposes,
nylon mesh sheet material of 840 Denier and ballistic type nylon
sheet material having a weight of 11.9 ounces per square yard.
Ballistic type nylon sheet material shown in FIG. 4 is
characterized by its closed weave, i.e., the absence of any gap
between adjacent parallel strands 46 thereof, thus presenting a
continuous sheet surface which is highly resistant to puncture by a
sharp object such as canine teeth.
Nylon mesh sheet material shown in FIG. 5 is characterized by a
close but not completely closed weave, so that there are small gaps
50 between parallel yarns 52. Because of the strength of the nylon
yarns 52 and their weave, such nylon sheet material 48 resists
forced enlargement of the gaps 50 or tearing when a wedge shaped
element such as a canine tooth penetrates material 48.
I have found that in order to provide good protection for the
wearer's arm from canine bites, it is advantageous that the outer
layer 12a of sleeve 10 comprise ballistic type nylon sheet material
44 and that at least one interior layer comprise nylon mesh
material 48. Thus, the outer ballistic nylon layer 12a tends to
prevent initial penetration, i.e., puncture, of sleeve 10 by canine
teeth. Should the dog being trained manage to effect initial
penetration, i.e., through outer layer 12a, however, it becomes
essential that further penetration through sleeve 10 be limited in
order to avoid injury to the wearer. Since nylon mesh material 48
is particularly resistant to in depth wedge penetration by virtue
of its yarn and weave strength, such material comprises at least
one of the inner layers.
Should the canine teeth manage to penetrate both the outer
ballistic nylon layer 12a and the inner nylon mesh layers it is
important that such penetration not go beyond the innermost layer
of sleeve 10 whereby the wearer's arm would be vulnerable to
injury. Accordingly, the innermost layer 12e may advantageously
comprise ballistic nylon material 44.
Obviously, resistance of sleeve 10 to penetration by canine teeth
will increase with an increase in the number of layers of ballistic
nylon and nylon mesh material. The number of such fabric layers
must be limited, however, in order to preserve the required
flexibility in the sleeve 10 for reasons of comfort and freedom of
flexure of the wearer's arm. In this connection, I have found that
optimum resistance to canine tooth penetration with adequate
flexibility is obtained by having the outermost layer 12a comprises
ballistic nylon material 44, the next two inner layers 12b and 12c
comprise nylon mesh material 48, and the next to last and innermost
layers 12d and 12e respectively comprising ballistic nylon material
44. It has also been found that the intermediate nylon mesh layers
provide a protective cushioning, i.e., absorption of the pressure
from the canine bite.
The protective sleeve 10 may advantageously be worn by the
agitator-trainer under conventional outer clothing such as a jacket
whereby the dog being trained will be unaware of the protective
sleeve.
While a preferred embodiment of the invention has been shown and
described herein, it is obvious that numerous ommissions, changes
and additions may be made in such embodiment without departing from
the spirit and scope of the invention.
* * * * *