U.S. patent number 3,900,073 [Application Number 05/514,462] was granted by the patent office on 1975-08-19 for earth working device with predetermined grade indicating assembly.
Invention is credited to William Norman Crum.
United States Patent |
3,900,073 |
Crum |
August 19, 1975 |
Earth working device with predetermined grade indicating
assembly
Abstract
A device that may be mounted on a power moved vehicle, which
vehicle adjustably supports an earth working blade, and the device
visually informing the operator seated on the vehicle when the
blade is forming a swath of earth over which the vehicle travels to
a desired predetermined grade both transversely and longitudinally
relative to the vehicle. The device so visually informs the
operator by the position of first and second bubbles in first and
second liquid filled tubes that are adjacently positioned first and
second grade indicating graduated members rigidly secured to the
vehicle. First and second pivotally and adjustably supported
needles may be moved relative to the first and second tubes and
graduated members, with the needles initially being set to indicate
the desired predetermined grades on the graduated members when the
lower cutting edge of the blade is in a horizontal position. The
first and second needles are by mechanical linkages connected with
the blade of the vehicle. The operator after the first and second
needles have been set as above described tilts the blade
transversely and raises or lowers the blade relative to the
vehicle, preparing the vehicle to move forwardly. When the vehicle
moves over the swath of earth that is being formed by the blade,
the vehicle will tilt in conformity with the formed grade. The
operator is able to control the accuracy of keeping the blade of
the vehicle at the proper elevation and slope by adjusting the
blade so that the first and second indicating needles are in
alignment with the first and second bubbles as the blade cuts or
fills to the predetermined grade.
Inventors: |
Crum; William Norman (Highland,
CA) |
Family
ID: |
24047259 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/514,462 |
Filed: |
October 15, 1974 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
172/430; 33/624;
172/4.5; 33/354; 116/300 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E02F
3/845 (20130101); E02F 3/7618 (20130101); E02F
9/26 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
E02F
9/26 (20060101); E02F 3/84 (20060101); E02F
3/76 (20060101); A01B 015/10 (); G01C 009/24 () |
Field of
Search: |
;172/4.5,430,804,808
;37/DIG.19,DIG.20 ;33/185V,264,275R,354,381,382 ;116/124F,129A,129T
;73/432HA |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Pinkham; Richard C.
Assistant Examiner: Stouffer; R. T.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Babcock; William C.
Claims
I claim:
1. In combination with an earth working device of the type that
includes a power movable vehicle having a support for an operator;
an earth working blade movably supported from said vehicle that may
be angulary tilted both transversely and longitudinally relative
thereto, said blade having a lower edge; manually operated control
means adjacent said support that may be manipulated by said
operator to guide said vehicle and tilt said blade; an assembly for
visually indicating to said operator when said vehicle is moving
said blade to form a swath in the earth of a predetermined grade
both transversely and longitudinally; said assembly including:
a. first and second flat members rigidly mounted on said vehicle
adjacent said support, said members having first and second grade
indicating graduations thereon;
b. first and second bubble tubes mounted on said first and second
members adjacent said first and second graduations, with first and
second bubbles in said first and second tubes occupying first
positions when said blade has said lower edge thereof horizontally
disposed;
c. first and second shafts rotatably supported in said first and
second members and normal thereto;
d. first and second needles adjustably and pivotally supported from
said first and second shafts, said first and second needles
extending towards said first and second graduations;
e. first and second means that are manually operable by said
operator for locking said first and second needles in desired
non-rotatable positions relative to said first and second shafts,
with said first and second needles being so locked when they are
oriented on said first and second shafts to point to said first and
second graduations to predetermined grades that are desired to be
formed;
f. third means operatively associated with said first needle and
blade that moves said first needle relative to said first tube and
first graduations when said blade is pivoted transversely relative
to said vehicle to a second transverse position;
g. fourth means operatively associated with said second needle and
blade that moves said second needle relative to said second tube
and second graduations when said blade is pivoted longitudinally
relative to said vehicle to second longitudinal position, with said
operator being visually informed as said vehicle moves over said
swath that the latter has been formed to said predetermined grades
when said first and second bubbles are centered on said first and
second needles that have been locked in said predetermined grade
indicating positions.
2. An assembly as defined in claim 1 in which the ends of said
first and second shafts most adjacent said seat have said first and
second means movably mounted thereon, with said first and second
means when moved from first to second positions permitting said
first and second needles to be rotated on said first and second
shafts to desired circumferential positions thereon, and said first
and second means when moved from said second to said first
positions locking said first and second needles in non-rotatable
positions relative to said first and second shafts.
3. An assembly as defined in claim 1 in which said third means is
an elongate flexible member that has a first end rigidly connected
to said first shaft and a second end to substantially the center of
the surface of said blade opposite to the earth moving surface of
the latter.
4. An assembly as defined in claim 3 in which said flexible
elongate member is a cable, and said assembly in addition including
an elongate tubular sheath in which said cable is rotatably
supported.
5. An assembly as defined in claim 1 in which said fourth means
includes:
h. an arm rigidly secured to said second shaft and extending
outwardly therefrom;
i. a stub shaft that extends outwardly from the center of said
blade;
j. a first sleeve rotatably supported on said stub shaft;
k. an L-shaped member pivotally supported from said vehicle in a
position intermediate said arm and sleeve, said L-shaped member
including first and second legs;
l. a first link that pivotally connects said arm and first leg;
m. a second elongate sleeve that slidably engages said second leg;
and
n. a rigid member that has first and second ends, said first end
rigidly secured to said first sleeve and said second end pivotally
connected to said second sleeve.
6. An assembly as defined in claim 5 in which said third means is a
cable that has first and second ends with the said first end
attached to said first shaft and said second end to said stub
shaft.
7. An assembly as defined in claim 6 which in addition includes a
protective tubular sheath in which said cable is rotatably
supported.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
Predetermined grade indicating device.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Power moved devices that include angularly adjustable blades for
forming earth to a desired grade are widely use. On such devices
the blade may be adjusted and tilted transversely relative to the
supporting vehicle, as well as raised or lowered thereto. In the
past, there has been no device that would visually indicate to an
operator seated on the vehicle that the blade as the vehicle moves
forwardly so forming the swath of earth to a desired predetermined
grades both transversely and longitudinally relative to the
vehicle.
A primary object in devising the present invention is to supply a
device that is rigidly secured to the vehicle, and by first and
second pivotally movable needles in association with first and
second bubble tubes and first and second graduations visually
indicating to an operator when the vehicle is forming a swath of
earth to a desired predetermined longitudinal and transverse
grades. The first and second needles are operatively associated
with the blade in such a manner as to be responsive to transverse
tilting and the raising or lowering of the blade relative to the
vehicle.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is used with an earth working device of the
type that includes a power moved vehicle having a seat for an
operator thereon. An earth working blade is movably supported from
the vehicle and may be angularly tilted transversely and raised or
lowered relative to the vehicle, with the blade having a lower
cutting edge. Manually operated control means are provided on the
vehicle adjacent the operator and may be utilized to guide the
vehicle and raise and lower the blade relative to the vehicle as
well as tilt the blade transversely.
The present invention is mounted on the vehicle adjacent the
operator and visually indicates to the operator when the blade is
forming a swath of earth over which the vehicle travels to
predetermined grade both transversely and longitudinally relative
to the vehicle.
The invention includes first and second flat members that are
rigidly mounted on the vehicle adjacent the seat for the operator,
with the members having first and second grade indicating
graduations thereon. First and second bubble tubes are mounted on
the first and second members adjacent the first and second
graduations, with first and second bubbles in the first and second
tubes occupying first and second positions. First and second shafts
are rotatably supported on said first and second members and are
substantially normal thereto. First and second needles are
adjustably supported from the first and second shafts, with the
needles extending towards the first and second graduations, when
the blade has the lower edge thereof horizontally disposed.
First and second means are provided that may be manually operated
by the operator for locking the first and second needles in desired
non-rotatable positions relative on the first and second shafts
with the first and second needles when so locked being so oriented
as to extend towards predetermined grades that are desired to be
formed. Third and fourth means are provided that operatively
connect the first and second needles with the blade, with the first
needle pivoting relative to the first tube and first graduation
when the blade is pivoted transversely relative to the vehicle.
Fourth means operatively connect the second needle and blade, with
the second needle pivoting relative to the second tube and second
graduation when the blade is raised or lowered relative to the
vehicle to a second longitudinal position. The operator is visually
informed as the vehicle moves forwardly over the swath of earth,
that the swath has been formed to the predetermined grades when the
first and second bubbles are centered on the first and second
needles that have been locked in the predetermined grade indicating
positions by use of the first and second means.
Some of the advantages of the invention are:
a. Operator can accurately maintain a slope or grade for long
distances between grade stakes by use of the invention on
machine.
b. Invention on machine provides means by which operator can check
own grade to a great extent by placing blade in connection with a
known grade, such as grade stake, and move forward with indicators
set accordingly.
c. Invention will assist experienced operator in getting closer to
grade.
d. Invention will assist in the training of apprentice
operators.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the predetermined grade indicating
device illustrated as mounted on a tractor, which tractor movably
supports a bulldozer blade that may be tilted transversely as well
as raised or lowered relative to the vehicle, and the mechanical
connections between the indicating device and blade being
illustrated in phantom line;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of the visual indicating
device in which first and second needles in conjunction with first
and second grade indicating graduated members and first and second
bubble tubes cooperate with cable and linkage means connected to
the bulldozer blade to indicate to an operator when the blade is
forming a swath of earth over which the vehicle travels to a
desired predetermined grade both transversely and longitudinally
relative to the vehicle;
FIG. 3 is a front elevational view of the first visual indicating
device and a segment of the bulldozer blade with which it is
operatively associated, which device indicates the transverse tilt
of the blade, with the first needle shown in solid line being
centered on a first bubble when the lower edge of the blade is in a
horizontal position, and the first needle being shown in phantom
line after it has been manually adjusted on a first shaft to
indicate a desired predetermined grade that is to be formed on a
swath of earth over which the vehicle and blade move;
FIG. 4 is the same view as shown in FIG. 3, but now visually
indicating to the operator that the blade that has been tilted is
now forming the swath of earth over which the vehicle travels to
the desired predetermined transverse grade to which the needle was
manually adjusted in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a side elevational view illustrating one form of
mechanical means that is operatively connected to the bulldozer
blade and to the visual indicating portion of the invention to
reflect the transverse and angular movement of the blade relative
to the vehicle;
FIG. 6 is a top plan view of the components shown in FIG. 5 and
illustrating the mechanical means by which transverse tilting and
the raising or lowering movement of the blade relative to the
vehicle may be transmitted to the visual indicator means shown in
FIG. 2;
FIG. 7 is a side elevational view of a portion of the visual
indicating means that indicates to the operator when the vehicle is
so moving the blade over a swath of earth as to form the latter to
a desired predetermined longitudinal grade;
FIG. 8 is a vertical cross sectional view of a portion of the
invention shown in FIG. 7 taken on the line 8-8 thereof;
FIG. 9 is a fragmentary side elevational and vertical cross
sectional view of a portion of the blade and connections to
components operatively associated therewith that reflect the
transverse tilting and the raising or lowering movement of the
blade relative to the supporting vehicle; and
FIG. 10 is a diagrammatic view in which the second needle assembly
is set to visually inform an operator when a predetermined grade
has been attained longitudinally relative to the vehicle.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The invention A is illustrated in the drawings as being mounted on
a power operated tractor B that includes a seat C for the operator
(not shown) and a hood D. The tractor B has first and second
forwardly extending arms E-1 and E-2 pivotally supported from
opposite sides thereof as shown in FIG. 1. The forward end of the
arms E-1 and E--2 are pivotally connected to a transversely
extending bulldozer blade F that has a lower cutting edge 10.
First and second hydraulic cylinder assemblies G-1 and G-2 are
pivotally supported from the tractor B and are connected by means
(not shown) to the rearward surface portion of the bulldozer blade
F. The cylinder assemblies G-1 and G-2 include conduits 12 and 14
for supplying fluid under pressure thereto. The assemblies G-1 and
G-2 are concurrently operable to pivot the first and second arms
E-1 and E-2 and blade F upwardly and downwardly relative to the
vehicle to a desired angle with the horizontal.
A second hydraulic assembly H is pivotally connected to the arm
E-1, and to the blade F, to pivot the blade relative to the forward
ends of the arms E-1 and E-2. Controls J are provided adjacent the
seat C for the operator (not shown) to control the forward movement
of the tractor B as well as to control the flow of pressurized
hydraulic fluid to the first and second hydraulic assemblies G-1
and G-2 and assembly H is shown in FIG. 1.
The blade F has an upper edge 16 that is parallel to the lower
cutting edge 10. The invention A as may be seen in FIG. 2, includes
first and second flat members 18 and 18' that are substantially
identical to one another, with the first member 18 being shown in
detail in FIGS. 3 and 4. The first and second members 18 and 18'
support first and second inverted semi-circular, transparent tubes
20 and 20' that are filled with a liquid in which first and second
bubbles 22 and 22' are defined. The tubes 20 and 20' are secured to
the surfaces of the first and second members 18 and 18' most
adjacent the seat C, by conventional means (not shown). The first
and second members 18 and 18' adjacent the first and second tubes
20 and 20' have first and second graduations 24 and 24' defined
thereon, which graduations indicate a sequence of grades of
increasing magnitude to which the blade F may be used to form a
swath of earth over which the tractor B travels.
The first and second members 18 and 18'rotatably support transverse
positioned first and second shafts 26 and 26', which shafts project
outwardly from the first and second surfaces 18a and 18a' of the
first and second members 18 and 18'. The end portions of the first
and second shafts 26 and 26' most adjacent the seat C, each have
circular body shoulders 28 formed thereon from which a threaded
extension 30 projects as shown in FIG. 8.
First and second needles K and K' are provided that have openings
32 therein through which extensions 30 project. First and second
knurled nuts L and L' are provided that engage the third extensions
30 and when tightened the first and second needles K and k' are
gripped between the body shoulders 28 and the nuts to be held at a
desired fixed non-rotatable position relative to the shafts 26 and
26'. Both the first and second needles K and K' are held on the
first and second shafts 26 and 26' in the same manner as shown in
detail in FIG. 8.
The forwardly extending end of the first shaft 26 is rigidly
secured in axial alignment to an elongate flexible member such as a
speedometer cable 34 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 9 that is rotatably
supported within a protective tubular sheath 36. The forward end of
the cable 34 is rigidly secured to an elongate pin 38 of
non-circular transverse cross section. The pin 38 is slidably
inserted in an elongate cavity 40 of non-circular transverse cross
section that is snuggly engaged by the pin, with the cavity being
defined in a short stub shaft 42 that is secured by welding beads
44 or other fastening means to a center rearward portion of the
blade F as shown in FIG. 9.
By use of the nut L, the first needle K as shown in solid line in
FIG. 3 is adjusted on the shaft 26 to be centered relative to the
bubble 22 when the lower edge of the blade 10 is in a horizontal
position. When it is desired to use the first needle K to indicate
to the operator (not shown) that the blade F is tilted to form the
earth to a predetermined grade normal to the direction of movement
of the vehicle B thereover the nut L is loosened, and the first
needle pivoted to point to the desired grade as shown on the
graduation 24, with the nut then being tightened to hold the first
needle K in the non-rotatable position relative to the first shaft
26 as shown in phantom line in FIG. 3.
When the first needle K is so adjusted, the upper edge 16 of the
blade F as well as the lower edge 10 will be horizontally disposed.
The operator (not shown) now causes the tractor B to move
forwardly, with the blade F tilted transversely to form the swath
of earth over which the tractor B travels to the desired
predetermined grade for which the first needle K has been adjusted.
As the vehicle moves over the swath formed by the blade F, the
vehicle will tilt transversely and the needle K, tube 20, member 18
will move relative to the first bubble 22, and the operator being
assured that the predetermined grade has been attained when the
needle K is centered on the first bubble 22 as shown in FIG. 4.
The second needle K' is utilized by the operator (not shown) to
determine in conjunction with the second bubble 22' when the blade
F is working the swath of earth over which the vehicle B travels to
a predetermined longitudinally extending grade. In FIG. 10 the
needle K' has been set on the second graduation 24' in the same
manner as previously described in connection with the first needle
K. On the right hand portion of FIG. 10, the second graduation 24',
second needle K' and second bubble 22' are again shown, with the
second needle now centered on the bubble 22' which indicates to the
operator (not shown) of the vehicle B that the predetermined grade
to which a second needle K' had been set on the second graduation
24' had been attained.
Actuation of the second needle K' by raising or lowering the blade
F relative to the tractor B by concurrent pivoting of the first and
second arms E-1 and E-2 is attained by the assembly M shown in
FIGS. 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9. The second shaft 26' has an arm 46 rigidly
secured thereto, and the arm by a pin or screw 48 on the outer
extremity thereof being pivotally connected to a rearward end of a
first rigid link 50. The forward end of the link 50 is pivotally
connected by means 52 to an L-shaped member N that has a first leg
54 and second leg 56. The L-shaped member N is pivotally supported
at this junction of first and second legs 54 and 56 at a convenient
location on the vehicle B from a bracket 56 that has a pin 58
associated therewith as shown in FIG. 5. The second leg 56 is of
non-circular transverse cross section and slidably movable in an
elongate sleeve 60 of like non-circular transverse cross section as
may best be seen in FIG. 6, which sleeve has the forward end
thereof rigidly secured to an L-shaped member 62.
The L-shaped member 62 includes a first leg 62a to which the
forward end of the sleeve 60 is attached, and the second leg 62b of
the member is by a pin 64 pivotally connected to a bracket 66 as
shown in FIG. 9. The bracket 66 is rigidly secured to a sleeve 68
as shown in FIG. 9 that is rotatably mounted on a stub shaft 42.
The rearward end of the stub shaft is grooved and is engaged by a
spring clip 70 to prevent the sleeve 68 being inadvertently
displaced from the stub shaft 42.
The sleeve 68 has threads 68a formed on the rearward external end
portion thereof, with these threads being engaged by internal
threads on a cap 72. Cap 72 has a tubular boss 74 extending
rearwardly therefrom. The forward end portion of the sheath 36 is
mounted within the confines of the boss 74. A circular stop 76 is
rigidly secured to the rearward portion of the pin 38. The stop 76
is of sufficient transverse area as to prevent the cable 34 and pin
38 moving rearwardly relative to stub shaft 42 to disengage the pin
38 from the cavity 40.
The invention A is illustrated in the drawings as mounted on a
tractor B that adjustably supports a blade F. However, the
invention can be used on any earth working vehicle that has an
earth working blade adjustably supported therefrom.
The use and operation of the invention A has been previously
described in detail both as to structure and mode of use and this
information need not be repeated.
* * * * *