U.S. patent number 3,899,305 [Application Number 05/381,405] was granted by the patent office on 1975-08-12 for insert frame for insert molding.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Capsonic Group, Inc.. Invention is credited to Raymond H. Hilgers, James P. Liautaud.
United States Patent |
3,899,305 |
Hilgers , et al. |
August 12, 1975 |
Insert frame for insert molding
Abstract
An insert frame is disclosed for orienting and supporting
inserts for insert molding thereof in injection molded articles. A
particularly preferred embodiment is adapted for insert molding
electrical leads in injection molded electronic component packages.
The integral insert frame comprises a relatively strong carrier
strip, barrier supports extending between respective inserts and
terminating in respective barriers having readily broken shear
points or bridges which extend to and are integral with the lead
portions of the frame destined to become the insert leads in the
package. The barriers serve as part of the mold assembly during the
injection molding of the package and are maintained in desired
location during high pressure molding by the barrier supports,
carrier strip and location pins in the mold which mate with holes
in the carrier strip. Hence, the readily broken barrier shear
bridges will be positioned adjacent to the package wall after
molding, and breaking forces will not adversely affect the inserts.
The remaining portion of the lead frame is separated from the
respective leads after molding of the package, e.g. a shell, by
merely twisting down the carrier strip portion of the lead frame,
thereby causing fracture of the barriers at the juncture of the
respective barriers and the adjacent lead portions at the package
wall, wherein the respective barriers remain attached to the
separated portion of the insert frame, and the respective leads
remain securely located in the injection molded package.
Inventors: |
Hilgers; Raymond H.
(Schaumburg, IL), Liautaud; James P. (Trout Valley, IL) |
Assignee: |
Capsonic Group, Inc. (Elgin,
IL)
|
Family
ID: |
23504897 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/381,405 |
Filed: |
July 23, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
428/593; 438/123;
29/827; 257/668; 428/582; 428/583 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B29C
45/14655 (20130101); H01L 21/4846 (20130101); Y10T
428/12264 (20150115); Y10T 29/49121 (20150115); Y10T
428/1234 (20150115); Y10T 428/12271 (20150115) |
Current International
Class: |
B29C
45/14 (20060101); H01L 21/02 (20060101); H01L
21/48 (20060101); B21c 037/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;29/193.1,193.5
;264/262,272,297,160,328 ;161/109,110,111 ;85/17 ;206/328 ;425/123
;249/97 ;272/9 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Rutledge; L. Dewayne
Assistant Examiner: Crutchfield; O. F.
Claims
We claim:
1. An integral insert frame for use in molding a plurality of
terminals into the wall of an injection molded housing, said frame
comprising, in combination:
a plurality of elongated spaced-apart terminal portions arranged
for insertion at spaced locations through said wall;
a plurality of barrier portions extending between adjacent ones of
said terminal portions and attached thereto by means of frangible
bridging portions; and
means including a carrier portion attached only to each of said
barrier portions for maintaining said barrier portions in fixed
spatial relationship whereby said terminal portions are aligned for
insertion into said housing wall.
2. An integral insert frame as defined in claim 1 wherein said
carrier portion includes indexing means for maintaining said
integral insert frame in accurate alignment with respect to said
injection molded housing.
3. An integral insert frame as defined in claim 2 wherein said
indexing means comprise a plurality of apertures in said carrier
portion for receiving alignment pins fixed with respect to the mold
forming said injection molded housing.
4. An integral insert frame as defined in claim 1 wherein said
frame is formed from a sheet of metallic material, said terminal
portions comprise strips of said material aligned in a single
plane, said barrier portions extend between adjacent edges of said
terminal portions and include projecting portions extending away
from said wall beyond the distal ends of said terminal portions to
said carrier portion.
5. An integral insert frame as defined in claim 4 wherein said wall
is substantially flat, said terminal portions are parallel and
extend perpendicularly from said wall, and said barrier portions
connect with said terminal portions at locations adjacent the
outside surface of said wall.
6. An integral insert frame as defined in claim 1 wherein each of
said barrier portions includes a barrier-forming edge extending
parallel to and adjacent to said wall to assist in maintaining said
terminal portions in alignment.
7. An integral insert frame as defined in claim 6 wherein said
barrier portions include projecting portions extending
perpendicularly to said housing wall and connecting with said
carrier portion at locations beyond the distal ends of said
terminal portions.
8. An integral insert frame as defined in claim 7 wherein said
barrier portions connect with said terminal portions at locations
adjacent the surface of said wall and said barrier-forming edge
extends between said locations.
9. An integral insert frame as defined in claim 8 wherein said
housing wall is substantially flat, said terminal portions are
parallel and extend perpendicularly from said wall, and said
carrier portion comprises an elongated strip connecting with said
projecting portions.
10. An integral insert frame as defined in claim 1 wherein said
bridging portions are dimensioned with respect to said terminal,
barrier and carrier portions so as to constitute the most frangible
portion of said frame.
11. An integral insert frame for use in molding a plurality of
terminals into the wall of an adjacent molded housing, said frame
comprising, in combination:
a plurality of elongated spaced-apart terminal portions arranged
for insertion at spaced locations through said wall;
a plurality of barrier portions extending between adjacent ones of
said terminal portions and attached thereto by means of frangible
bridging portions, said barrier portions including projecting
portions extending perpendicularly to said wall and a
barrier-forming edge extending parallel to and adjacent to said
wall to assist in maintaining said terminal portions in alignment;
and
means including a carrier portion attached only to said projecting
portions for maintaining said barrier portions in a fixed spatial
relationship whereby said terminal portions are aligned for
insertion into said housing wall.
12. An integral insert frame as defined in claim 11 wherein said
barrier portions are attached to said terminal portions at
locations adjacent said wall.
Description
This invention relates to insert molding generally, and it is
particularly applicable to the insert molding of a plurality of
electronic component leads in an injection molded electronic
component package.
More particularly, this invention relates to an improved insert
frame, such as, for example, an improved lead frame.
The art of insert molding electrical leads in electronic component
packages is highly developed. Examples of patents wherein
electrical leads are insert molded in injection molded packages in
a method which utilizes a lead frame include the following:
U.S. Pat. No. 3,391,426, issued July 9, 1968 to J. R. Hugill;
No. 3,341,092, issued Mar. 4, 1969 to W. L. Lehner;
No. 3,539,675, issued Nov. 10, 1971 to J. R. Hugill;
No. 3,574,815, issued Apr. 13, 1971 to E. E. Segerson;
No. 3,606,673, issued Sept. 21, 1971 to J. H. Overman;
No. 3,611,061, issued Oct. 5, 1971 to E. E. Segerson.
Heretofore, it has been customary to support a plurality of
electrical leads for insert molding by providing such leads as a
portion of a lead frame having the general character of an
elongated strip which is formed by stamping, and comprising a
longitudinally extending mounting portion, a plurality of leads
extending transversely from said mounting portion, wherein the
individual leads are maintained in spaced-apart condition by a
second longitudinally extending member such as a tie strip. In some
of the aforementioned patents, the longitudinally extending tie
strip or barrier strip serves as a portion of the mold used to form
the article in which the lead is to be located. In each of the
heretofore available methods and apparatus, it was necessary to
shear the tie strip, or barrier strip in two places between the
respective electrical leads, and to shear the electrical leads at
the carrier strip to separate the carrier strip from the individual
leads.
It must be appreciated that in many instances, the injection
molding operations involve relatively tiny electronic component
packages having an overall greatest dimension in the general order
of magnitude of one-half inch to one inch, for example, and the
process of shearing the barrier strips, as well as shearing the
leads from the carrier strip, involved very expensive, high
precision equipment, and the risk of damage to individual articles
was relatively high. Moreover, such shearing processes produced one
tiny tie strip or barrier fragment from between each pair of
adjacent electrical leads, and the fragments presented a collection
and handling nuisance. Also produced as a consequence of the
shearing operation was the residual elongated carrier strip portion
of the lead frame.
To facilitate the cutting of the barrier strip, the barriers used
heretofore have been very narrow, generally speaking, and this
created a tendency, under high molding pressure, for the barriers
to buckle or otherwise deform, resulting in a misshaped molded
article. In some instances the barriers would break under the
pressure permitting plastic to flow out of the mold cavity
resulting in production of an unusable part or possible
interruption of production.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a lead frame of
improved design wherein the need for a separate operation for
shearing the barrier strips or tie strips, and an operation for
shearing the leads from the carrier strip is eliminated.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a lead
frame and method of manufacture wherein the separated barriers or
strip portions of the lead frame remain attached to the carrier
strip of the lead frame after separation thereof from the
respective electrical leads.
It is another object of the present invention to provide an insert
frame and the method of manufacture wherein the inserts are
supported and properly positioned by means of an insert frame, and
wherein it is unnecessary to cut the frame between the respective
inserts, such as leads, for example, in order to separate the
inserts from a mounting portion of the insert frame, and wherein it
is unnecessary to shear barriers or tie strips from between the
respective inserts.
It is a further object of the invention to provide an insert frame
and method of manufacture wherein inserts are insert molded in
injection molded plastic articles and are separated from an insert
frame by flexing a portion of the insert frame thereby separating
those elements of the insert frame which supported and maintained
the inserts and whereby all non-insert portions remain integrally
attached to the remaining portion of the separated insert
frame.
It is a further object of this invention to provide support to the
barrier strip between inserts during the molding process wherein
that molding process can be done under very high pressure. It is
another object of a preferred embodiment of this invention to
provide an extension of the barrier strip wherein that extension is
directly connected to the carrier strip and that carrier strip is
securely located in the mold by hole guides provided in that
mold.
It is a further object of the preferred embodiment of the present
invention to provide support for the barriers at the mid-portions
thereof in such a way that the mid-portion of the barriers are
supported by the carrier strip and ultimately prevented from
shifting in position in the operating plane by the hole guides in
the mold which index or locate the carrier strip.
These and other objects are all achieved in accordance with the
present invention which will be described hereinafter in connection
with particularly preferred embodiments, and with the aid of the
accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an electronic component package of
the type which is produced in accordance with the present
invention.
FIG. 2 is a greatly enlarged top plan view of a lead frame of
conventional design not in accordance with the present
invention.
FIG. 3 is a top plan view of a lead frame in accordance with the
present invention.
FIG. 4 is a horizontal cross-sectional view taken through a mold
system in which the lead frame of the present invention is
used.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional elevational view taken approximately
along the line 5--5 of FIG. 4.
FIG. 6 is a greatly enlarged top plan view of an electronic
component package produced in accordance with the present
invention.
FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic fragmentary exploded perspective
view illustrating the support provided for the barrier when it is
under pressure during molding.
Referring now to the drawings, a bottom portion of an electronic
component package is indicated generally by the numeral 10. The
package is elongated, having elongated side walls 12, 14, end walls
16, 18, and bottom 20. A plurality of electrical leads 22, 22
extend through side walls 12, and 14, and are embedded in bottom 20
with upper surfaces 24, 24 exposed to the interior of the package.
In the heretofore available art, it has been conventional to
produce such electronic component enclosures 10 by using a
heretofore conventional lead frame 30 having an indexing and
mounting portion which is also referred to herein as carrier strip
32 which extends longitudinally along one edge of lead frame 30 and
has uniformly spaced-apart indexing apertures 34 passing
therethrough. Extending from one edge 36 of mounting portion 32 are
a plurality of lead portions 38, 38 having barrier strips 40, 40
integral therewith and extending therebetween. It was customary to
provide lead frame 30 as an integral stamped elongated strip, and
to associate lead frame 30 with a molding system in which barrier
strips 40 are positioned between upper and lower mold halves with
edges 42, 42 being aligned with the inner package-forming surfaces
of the mold.
It is to be understood that the molds which are used in conjunction
with the insert frame, such as, for example, with lead frame 50
which is in accordance with the present invention, is of the
conventional type which is used in connection with the lead frame
30 shown in FIG. 2. Consequently, except for the indications of the
mold structures in FIGS. 4 and 5 herein, the design and
construction of the molds will not be discussed in great detail
herein, inasmuch as such molds are conventional.
After the plastic is injected into the cavity of mold system, and
the molded parts 10 are formed with insert 30 insert-molded
therein, the outer surface 24 is flush with edges 42, 42 of barrier
strips 40, 40. Consequently, since leads 38, 38 must be isolated
with respect to one another in order that their function as
independent electrical leads can be achieved, barrier strips 40, 40
must be sheared along lines 44, 44 to remove tie strips 40, and
carrier strip 32 is severed from lead portions 38, 38 by shearing
the lead frame 30 along lines 46, 46.
Thereafter, individual leads 38, 38 remain imbedded in a wall 12,
14 of an enclosure 10 and are no longer electrically connected. It
is noted, however, that individual segments 40, 40 become
separated, and must be handled separately from the now severed
mounting portion 32 of lead frame 30.
It is emphasized that the insert molding of leads in packages is
discussed for illustrative purposes only, and that the invention is
not limited thereto. The invention is directed to the molding of
inserts into articles generally. However, the molding of electrical
inserts such as a lead into an article such as a package is a
particularly advantageous application of the invention and is
therefore an apt subject for illustration of the invention.
In accordance with the present invention, all the necessary
positioning, and supporting functions of lead frame 30 are retained
but are enhanced, and the function of edge 42 as part of the
plastic-forming mold surface is also retained and enhanced.
However, in accordance with the present invention, it is no longer
necessary to execute the extremely delicate and precise shearing
steps which were an essential part of the prior art practice.
In accordance with the present invention, lead frame 50 includes an
elongated marginal mounting portion identified as carrier strip 52
having uniformly spaced-apart indexing apertures 54, 54, and having
spaced-apart barrier supports 56, 56 extending transversely
therefrom. Barrier supports 56, 56 terminate at the other end
thereof in barrier portions 58, 58 and it will be appreciated from
the consideration of FIG. 3 that the lateral extreme edges 60, 60
of barriers 58, 58 are aligned. Barriers 58, 58 extend
substantially the entire distance between respective lead portions
62, 62 and are connected at either side thereof to adjacent lead
portions 62, 62 by narrow frangible bridges 64, 66 at the right
side and left side thereof, respectively, facing away from mounting
portion 52.
The width of bridges 64, 64, 66, 66 is extremely narrow such as,
for example, 0.005 inch, and, in accordance with the present
invention, is that width, depending on the thickness and strength
of the material from which lead frame 50 is fabricated, wherein
bridges 64, 64, 66, 66 can be readily broken by pivoting respective
barrier supports 56, around an imaginary axis extending between
respective bridging portions 64, 66.
A consideration of FIGS. 4, 5, and 6 will assist in understanding
the operation of lead frame 50, in accordance with the method of
the present invention. As illustrated in FIGS. 4, 5, and 6, lead
frame 50 is confined between a lower mold element 70 and a pair of
upper molded elements 72, 74. Horizontal surface 76 defines the
surface of bottom 20 of enclosure 10. Surface 78 defines the top
surface of bottom 20, and engages the upper surface 24 of lead
portion 62. Surface 80 of mold portion 70 cooperates with edge 60
of lead frame 50 and surface 82 to define the plastic forming
surface which shapes the exterior of wall 14. Surface 84 of mold
portion 74 defines the inner surface of wall 14.
Thus, when a plastic material 86 is injected under very high
pressure into the mold cavity, plastic material 86 flows through
the space between surfaces 76, 78, and through the space between
surfaces 82, 84 to provide bottom 20 and walls 12, 14 with
extending portions 63 of leads 62 embedded in bottom 20 and
extending through walls 12, 14. Barriers 58, 58 and bridging
portions 64, 66, thereof thus provide aligned surfaces 60, 60
within the mold cavity to serve as a portion of the mold used to
shape the plastic article and embed the metal insert elements
therein in accordance with this invention.
Lead frame 50 is produced, for example, as a stamping from an
elongated strip of metal of uniform thickness. Such strips are
typically made from a material which is relatively soft compared to
the material forming the mold, and when mold faces 90, 92 are
closed against lead frame 50, a slight deformation takes place.
This deformation results in a more intimate contact and seal than
would be expected with mating machines and surfaces. Moreover, the
closing of faces 90, 92 causes molds 70, 72 to grip barrier
portions 58, 58 therebetween, thus assisting in the stabilizing and
securing of the position of bridging portions 58 and alignment with
surfaces 80, 82 on mold 70, 72 respectively. However, as
illustrated in FIG. 7, herein, the pressure of the plastic being
molded under very high pressure is exerted against barrier edge or
face 60 and would tend to deform or break barrier 58. However, in
accordance with this invention the barrier 58 is supported by
barrier support 56 which extends between barrier 58 and carrier
strip 52 and is integral with and is coplanar with these portions
of insert frame 50. In accordance with the illustrated preferred
embodiment indexing holes 54 are positioned, or located, by the
inserting therethrough respective carrier strip locating pins 96
which are secured in one of the mold elements. By sizing holes 54
and pins 96 whereby pins 96 are closely received in holes 54 when
the mold is closed with insert frame 50 therebetween, the frame 50
is further immobilized with respect to shifting during molding.
More importantly, however, and in accordance with the present
invention, pins 96 anchor carrier strip 52, respective barrier
supports 56, and barriers 58 against planar shifting under
pressure, thus providing ample support for securely maintaining
plastic-conforming edge 60 in position during high pressure
molding, and thereby eliminating the risk of distortion or fracture
of barriers 58 due to the pressure of the plastic being molded.
As a consequence, in spite of the relatively high plastic pressures
which are normally encountered within the mold cavity, barriers 58,
58, including frangible bridging portions 64, 66 reliably seal the
plastic-forming cavity. FIG. 6 illustrates the condition of the
molded part after the non-insert portion of lead frame 50 has been
removed. Lead portions 62 extend through side wall 14 and are
embedded in bottom 20 with the upper surfaces 24 of lead 62
exposed. Non-insert portion 9 of lead frame 50 is removed in one
piece from the insert-molded article by pivoting the non-insert
portion 94 of the lead frame consisting of marginal elongated
carrier strip portion 52, barrier supports 56, 56, and barriers 58,
58 around an imaginary axis drawn through frangible bridging
portions 64, 66. Because of the thinness of the sheet from which
lead frame 50 is fabricated, and because of the narrow width of
bridging portions 64, 66, the bridging portions are readily
frangible, and will fail, that is, will break, as a consequence of
the pivoting of the lead frame 50, as indicated above. In some
extreme cases lead frame 50 may have to be pivotally reciprocated
to induce failure. Immediately upon the fracture of bridging
portions 64, 66, lead portions 62, 62 are completely separated from
the remaining portion 94 of lead frame 50.
Moreover, it will be apparent from consideration of the remaining
portion 94 that the separated elements remain intact, wherein
barrier portions 58, 58 remain attached to barrier support portions
56, 56, and hence to elongated marginal carrier strip portion
52.
Leads 62, 62 will have extremely tiny vestiges of barrier portions
64, 66 at the wall 24, but these vestiges in no way affect the
quality of the resulting product. In fact, depending on the size of
bridging portions, 64, 66, these vestiges tend to be smaller than
those observed remaining after shearing of tie strips 40 in
accordance with prior art practices of cutting unsupported tie
strips.
Also, in accordance with the method of the present invention, it is
apparent that the complex delicate high precision shearing steps
heretofore required are no longer necessary, and that the separated
portion 94 of lead frame 50 remains completely intact eliminating
the nuisance of handling separated fragmented tie strips 40.
It is contemplated, in accordance with the present invention, that
insert frame 50 can be used for the insert molding of components
other than electrical leads. However, it is essential, in
accordance with the present invention, that the insert
corresponding to lead portion 62 be attached to the insert frame 50
only through thin frangible bridging portions 64, 66 respectively,
and that barriers 58 be supported directly by respective barrier
supports which extend from and are coplanar with the carrier strip
portion 52. It is believed perfectly clear that in accordance with
the present invention, as illustrated in FIG. 3, that the inserts,
such as electrical leads 62, 62 are not otherwise connected to the
remaining portions 94 of lead frame 50, except through readily
frangible bridges 64, 64 adjacent to the molded article, e.g.
adjacent to the walls 12, 14.
The preferred embodiments discussed herein are for the purpose of
illustration and not for the purpose of limitation. It will be
apparent to those skilled in the art that any variations and
modifications can be employed without departing from the spirit and
scope of the present invention.
For example, it is not essential that the line formed by barrier
edges 60 be in a straight line, and it need not be parallel to
elongated carrier strip portion 52. Quite to the contrary, it could
be curvilinear, either concave or convex with respect to the view
from the imbedded lead.
No part of the barrier 58 should extend into the plastic-receiving
cavity within the mold system; that is, that no part of the barrier
58 should extend past surfaces 82, and 80, since this would cause
barrier 58 to become embedded within side wall 14. Nonetheless, it
is not essential that the line of edges 60 be straight, and, should
line of edges 60 be convex with respect to the view from the
imbedded lead, it is only necessary that the apex of the
curvilinear edge 60 extend no further than surfaces 82, 80. In the
resulting article, plastic will, of course, pass between surfaces
90, and 92 of the molds, and encounter the edges 60, 60 providing
plastic barriers at either side of leads 62, 62. It is only
essential that the readily frangible bridging portions 64, 66, be
the only support for the leads 62, 62 in the insert frame 50.
Should edges 60, 60 be positioned to form a recess in the plastic
shaping cavity of the mold system, plastic 86 will flow between
surfaces 90, 92 to provide a rib extending between leads 62, 62.
However, it is preferred that bridges 64, 66 be positioned in the
mold adjacent surfaces 80, 82 so that they are immediately adjacent
surface 24, for example, in wall 14 prior to their fracture. This
provides maximum support for leads 62, 62 during twisting off of
removed frame portion 90, with minimum likelihood of distortion of
leads 62, 62 in the process.
* * * * *