U.S. patent number 3,897,598 [Application Number 05/520,551] was granted by the patent office on 1975-08-05 for protective helmet.
Invention is credited to Daniel Bednarczuk, Arnold T. Milton.
United States Patent |
3,897,598 |
Bednarczuk , et al. |
August 5, 1975 |
Protective helmet
Abstract
The present invention includes an improved protective football
player's helmet capable of providing improved protection against
what is commonly known as "spearing" and face-guard tackles. The
safety helmet or football helmet disclosed by the present invention
includes a relatively rigid helmet portion formed with a recess for
receiving and protecting the upper and side portions of the user's
head, a chin strap removably secured to the helmet in order to hold
same upon the head of the user, and a face-guard assembly which
functions both as an additional protective device as well as being
cooperative with the chin strap such that, upon preselected and
undesirable movement of the face-guard in a forward direction, the
chin strap is rendered inoperative and releases the helmet from the
user's head. In an alternate embodiment hereof, the chin strap will
not be detached from the face-guard, thereby facilitating
refastening.
Inventors: |
Bednarczuk; Daniel (Jamaica,
NY), Milton; Arnold T. (Scarsdale, NY) |
Family
ID: |
24073094 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/520,551 |
Filed: |
November 4, 1974 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
2/9 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A42B
3/20 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A42B
3/18 (20060101); A42B 3/20 (20060101); A41D
031/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;2/3R,9 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Guest; Alfred R.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Sutton; Paul J.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A safety helmet, or the like, comprising cover means formed with
a recess for receiving and protecting portions of the head of the
user; retaining means for removably holding said cover means on the
head, said retaining means comprising a plate assembly having walls
that form a slide receiving channel, a substantially unitary
slotted face-guard slide bar which includes a first snap fastener
affixed thereto, a chin strap having at least one second fastener
at extremities thereof, said first and second fasteners being
cooperatively capable of engaging one another; an adjustable
release force means for controlling a predetermined force necessary
to enable a predetermined disengagement of said first and second
snap fasteners upon forward movement of said slide bar, said
release force means comprising a bolt member cooperatively secured
to said plate assembly, and a cap member removably secured to said
bolt member; said retaining means enabling said predetermined
disengagement of said snap fasteners upon forward movement of said
slide bar, said plate assembly further comprising a raised cam
surface disposed in the path of said second fastener such that
contact therebetween will cause a lifting of said second fastener,
thereby resulting in said fastener disengagement.
2. A safety helmet according to claim 1, wherein said cover means
comprises a football helmet.
3. A safety helmet according to claim 1, wherein said slide bar is
an integral part of a face-guard assembly.
4. A safety helmet according to claim 1, wherein said channel is
adapted to receive said slide bar in frictional substantially
mating engagement with one another.
5. A safety helmet according to claim 3, wherein said face-guard
assembly terminates in a releasable assembly to which said chin
strap is removably secured upon forward movement of said face-guard
under preselected conditions, said chin strap being capable of
resecurement to said releasable assembly.
6. A safety helmet according to claim 1, wherein said first snap
fastener is a male fastener.
7. A safety helmet according to claim 6, wherein said second snap
fastener is a female fastener.
8. A safety helmet according to claim 1, wherein said retaining
means comprises two pairs of male and female snap fasteners,
respectively.
9. A safety helmet according to claim 8, wherein said disengagement
of said snap fasteners occurs with one pair of male and female snap
fasteners only, thereby facilitating the retention of said chin
strap upon said safety helmet.
Description
This invention relates generally to safety helmets and, more
particularly, to an improved football helmet which possesses novel
safety features unknown to the prior art.
There are those among us who not only enjoy witnessing contact-type
sports, such as football, but who also are concerned for the safety
and well-being of the individuals who find themselves making a
living or reputation participating in these sports. Increasing
numbers of sports-minded football fans, for example, concede that
they are capable of deriving an equivalent amount of pleasure in
watching a football game in which one or more of our stars is
neither maimed nor crippled for life.
We are very much concerned for the safety of not only professional
football players, but youngsters who may become the potential
victims of overzealous participants whose desire to win may
overshadow their concern for the safety of their opponents. Few
parents of such youngsters will rejoice in a victorious game in
which his or her son has become injured, possibly permanently.
Most football helmets are equipped with a helmet portion which
protects the forehead, the top of the head and the rear and sides
of the head so as to expose only the face and neck portions of the
user. In addition, such helmets are equipped with face masks. In
the case of running backfield players, their face-guard usually
consists of two bars below the eye level and adapted to protect the
nose and mouth of the player.
It has not taken much ingenuity for many players to discover that
the very face-guard which is worn by such running backfield players
to protect their nose and mouth may be easily grasped and used to
tackle the running back. This has resulted in serious neck, head
and spinal injuries.
Yet another prevalent feature of the football game involves what is
commonly known as "spearing", in which the top of a player's helmet
comes into contact with the body of his opponent, usually if not
surprisingly with great force. In this case, very often the very
party doing the "spearing" injures himself as well as his
opponent.
Thus, we see that safety or football helmets known to the art and
used every day are deficient from a safety standpoint. Efforts to
improve them have resulted in rather complex and expensive
structures capable of doing more harm to the player than the very
type of act sought to be protected against.
The reader's attention is directed to our U.S. Pat. No. 3,815,152,
which issued to us on June 11, 1974. This patent discloses and
claims a novel helmet assembly which teaches significant advances
in the art. The present invention teaches yet further novel
improvements over the improvements of our aforementioned patent, as
will be more fully explained and set forth below.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an
improved safety helmet capable of use as a football helmet.
Another object of this invention is to provide a football helmet
possessing features which protect the user against injuries
sustained during what is commonly known as "spearing" and
face-guard tackling.
A further object of our invention is to provide a football helmet
structure in which the chin strap and face-guard cooperate with one
another so as to enable the release of the chin strap which
ordinarily holds the helmet upon the head of the user upon the
occurrence of an undesirable movement of the face-guard.
Yet another object of this invention is to provide a release
mechanism for use with a safety helmet, or the like, in which a
retaining structure cooperatively meets a movable structure in a
region such that, upon a predetermined movement of the movable
structure in a preselected direction, the retaining structure will
be rendered inoperative from a retention standpoint.
The present invention fulfills the aforementioned object and
overcomes the limitations and disadvantages of prior art solutions
to problems associated with conventional football helmets and
equipment known to the art, by providing, according to one aspect
of the invention, an improved safety football helmet found with a
hollow helmet portion capable of receiving and protecting the head
of the user. A face-guard suitable for protecting the nose and
mouth of the user removably engages and is connected to the helmet
portion just described. A chin strap similarly engages and is
connected to the helmet portion in a cooperative manner with the
face-guard such that, upon predetermined and undesirable forward
movement of the face-guard, the chin strap will automatically be
released and thereby release the helmet from the head of the user.
In a preferred embodiment of our invention, both the chin strap and
the face-guard are joined in a novel structure capable of
exhibiting this releasing action, and being further capable of
retaining the chin strap at one side thereof upon the
face-guard.
In the case of running back field players, pass-catching ends and
quarterbacks, the face guard usually consists of two bars below the
eye level for better visibility, and as mentioned, to protect the
nose and mouth. Although face guard tackling is an infraction of
the rules and a penalty is imposed, most face guard tackles are
inadvertent but it does not subtract from the chance of injury.
This invention will be more clearly understood from the following
description of specific embodiments of the invention, together with
the accompanying drawings, wherein similar reference characters
denote similar elements throughout the views and in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective elevational type view illustrating the
helmet assembly according to the present invention, in a secured
manner upon the head of a user;
FIG. 2 is a perspective elevational view illustrating the helmet
assembly according to the present invention in a chin strap release
position, and the helmet being removed from the head of the
user;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged, fragmentary, exploded perspective view of
the essential elements of the chin strap release mechanism;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken on line 4--4 of FIG. 1 in a
secured and locked position;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view on line 5--5 of FIG. 2 showing the chin
strap releasing position;
FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a modified form of the invention,
wherein the channel part thereof is formed as an integral part of
the helmet;
FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the modification taken on line 7--7
of FIG. 6, illustrating more clearly the structural integrity of
the helmet and channel;
FIG. 8 is a fragmentary exploded perspective view of a second
modification showing elements of our invention wherein one side of
the chin strap is released and the other side is retained to the
helmet; and
FIG. 9 is a bottom fragmentary sectional view of our helmet,
depicting a one-side chin strap release.
It is important here, before referring in more detail to the
drawings, to reemphasize the fact that our present invention is
specifically directed to providing means by which we are able to
improve football helmets to prevent neck, head and spinal injuries
from "spearing" and face-guard tackles. The manner in which this is
accomplished is best seen by looking at the drawings in which FIG.
1 illustrates a helmet assembly 10 having an upper crown portion 11
from which two side pieces or portions depend. A face-guard
assembly 20 is secured to helmet 10 and its associated side
portions or pieces 12 and 13 by a releasable locking assembly 30
located on each side of helmet 10. A chin strap 21 cooperatively
engages and is releasably connected to releasable locking
assemblies 30.
It is important here to emphasize that the following technical
description of our invention, for purposes of convenience and to
aid the reader, will describe the makeup and workings of one
releasable locking assembly 30. The reader is reminded, however,
that a releasable locking assembly 30 is located on each of side
pieces or portions 12 and 13 of helmet assembly 10, and therefore
there are two distinct releasable locking assemblies 30.
Inasmuch as the left and right releasable locking assemblies 30 are
identical and are activated by a pulling force on face-guard
assembly 20, the left side piece 12 of helmet 10 will be described
for FIGS. 1 and 2.
Helmet assembly 10 is held securely to the user's head by chin
strap assembly 21 which, in turn, is formed with an upper chin
member 17 engaging the face of the user immediately above his chin.
A corresponding lower chin member 18 engages the underside of the
user's chin so that, together, upper and lower chin members 17 and
18 firmly grip the chin of the user. Chin strap assembly 21 is
further formed with a strap member 19 with which members 17 and 18
dovetail or merge. A female snap member 22 capable of receiving a
male snap member 26 is adjustably secured to strap 19.
Directing our attention now in more detail to the releasable
locking assembly 30 shown in exploded perspective form in FIG. 3,
we see that the face guard assembly 20 includes an extension
thereof which will hereafter be referred to as a slide bar 23 and
associated elements. A channel plate element 31 receives slide bar
23 and is structurally formed in a manner whereupon it functions an
an element or part of a positive female snap release.
A bolt member 40 formed with internal threads in one end thereof
cooperatively and matingly engages a cap screw 41 which, in turn,
is formed with external threads capable of mating with and engaging
the internal threads formed in bolt member 40. Bolt and screw
elements 40 and 41 comprise the releasing force adjustment means
capable of defining a predetermined and adjustable force required
to release chin strap 21 from face-guard assembly 20. This
releasing action is accomplished via the structural composition of
releasable locking assembly 30.
Rivets 35 which are formed with round heads 35' thereof secure
channel plate element or channel plate 31 to the helmet flap or
portion 12 and are also utilized as part of the releasable locking
assembly 30. Channel plate element 31 comprises a bottom flat
surface 32 from which two upstanding, perpendicularly extending
flange members 34 and 36 extend in integral relationship therewith.
These same flange members 34 and 36 define a slot proximate a rear
wall 32'. Flange members 34 and 36 are formed in a manner which
defines forward relatively higher portions 34' and 36', each of
which extends rearwardly a predetermined distance to a portion
thereof which is sharply angled downwardly to two lower portions
34" and 36". Bottom surface or base portion 32 is formed with two
rivet holes 33 and a relatively larger opening 38 which is sized to
be capable of receiving bolt member 40. Rivet holes 33 are located
with their centerlines a distance a from one another, and provide
the means by which the entire channel plate assembly 30 may be
secured or fixed by round headed rivets 35 to depending side
portions 12 and 13 of helmet assembly 10.
Directing our attention now to face-guard assembly 20, the drawings
illustrate the fact that two face-guard bars 15 and 16 are
positioned so as to be capable of guarding the nose and mouth of
the user of helmet assembly 10, and these same two bars 15 and 16
converge toward a strip. This same strip extends to slide bar 23
and will hereinafter be referred to as plates or bars 23. Slide
plates 23 are formed with a central slot 25 which extends
longitudinally with respect to the longitudinal axis of slide plate
23. Slot 25 terminates short of a male snap member 26 secured
adjacent the end of plate 23 by means of a screw thread or other
conventional fastening means.
A bottom surface 27 of slide plate 23 is formed with two rounded
projections 24 and 24' which extend in side-by-side relationship.
Projections 24 and 24' are separated from one another a
predetermined distance a' from their respective centerlines. In a
preferred embodiment of the present invention, the distance a' is
substantially equal to the aforesaid distance a.
It should now be seen that the elements of channel plate assembly,
namely the base member and its integral parts, bolt member 40, cap
screw 41, cap screw head 41' and the associated elements are
capable of cooperative interengagement in a manner which
facilitates the entry of slide plate 23 into channel plate assembly
31 and the recesses formed by bottom surface 32, flanges 34 and 36
which, in turn, define a channel 28. These surfaces serve as guides
and retainers for the slide plate 23. Bottom surface 32, as already
mentioned, is formed with holes 33 which accommodate round headed
rivets 35 which, in turn, hold and secure the channel and track to
helmet sides or portions 12 and 13. Rounded heads 35' of rivets 35
are utilized in conjunction and cooperation with projections 24 and
24' of slide bar 23 -- these members serving as friction locking
means for face mask guard assembly 20.
The releasable locking assembly 30 is assembled by sliding a slide
plate 23 into the channel 28 formed by surfaces 32 and upper
flanges 34 and 36, such that slot 25 coincides with and overlies
opening 38. Thereafter, bolt receptacle or nut 40 is inserted
upwardly through opening 38 which, in turn, coincides with
similar-sized holes in side flaps 12 and 13. Cap screw 41 may then
be screwed into the female threads formed within bolt member
40.
Face-guard assembly 20 is set in a locked position by exerting a
backwardly or rearwardly steady, sharp pressure against front bars
15 and 16, such that the rounded projections 24 and 24' on the
under surfaces of slide plate 23 are forced over rounded heads 35'
of rivets 35. In this position, the predetermined centerline
distances of projections 24 and 24' and those of the rivet heads
35' are offset in such a manner that a friction-type locking is
created, as best illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 6. When slide plate 23
is moved into this locked position, the slide is limited from
further rearward movement by the abutment of bolt member 40 against
the forward surfaces defining the forward end of slot 25. By
turning cap screw 41, pressure is exerted on the flange high
portions 34' and 36' by the under side surfaces of cap screw head
41', and the resulting pulling force on the face mask necessary to
activate the chin strap release is thereby adjusted to the user's
preference. It should be emphasized here that the heads 35' of
rivets 35, together with the rounded projections 24 and 24'
cooperate in a cam-like relationship. In the position shown in
FIGS. 1 and 4, our invention is shown in locked position with the
female snap member 22 of chin strap 21 engaged with male strap
member 26 of slide plate 23.
Referring now to FIG. 5, the reader will see that the operation of
the present invention as concerns the releasable locking assemblies
30 is brought into play when a player grabs face-guard assembly 20
and pulls same away from the helmet itself. This outward pulling
will force projections 24 and 24' ove rivet heads 35', thereby
allowing slide 23 to move forwardly in channel assembly 31, with
the chin strap securing members 22 and 26 moving simultaneously in
the same direction within slot 39. Male snap 26 is secured to slide
23. Within a very short distance the female snap fastener 22 comes
into an abutting relationship with the sloped portion joining
flange members 34' and 36', and further movement in a forward
direction forces female part 22 upwardly, releasing same from male
snap 26. Slide 23 will continue forwardly a relatively short
distance and will thereupon stop when the rearward surfaces of slot
25 of slide plate 23 comes into an abutting relationship against
bolt member 40. In the embodiment of the present invention being
described, since both left and right female snaps 22 are released
simultaneously, the chin strap assembly 21 falls freely to the
ground as the release assembly 30 is still attached to the helmet.
Continued or further pulling on the face-guard assembly 20 will
cause helmet assembly 10 to be pulled off the user's head and will
thereby avoid twisting of his head and neck of the type as is
presently occurring in conventional assemblies wherein the chin
straps are held in place during this pulling-type movement.
A foam rubber lining 50 is integral with the insides of depending
portions 12 and 13 of helmet 10 to provide cushioning and comfort
for the wearer of helmet 10. This same rubber lining 50 conceals
the rivets 35 and the bolt assembly and prevents same from
contacting the user's face.
FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrate a modified form of the present invention
and varies from the aforementioned embodiment insofar as the
channel portion is formed as an integral part of helmet flaps or
portions 12 and 13.
FIGS. 8 and 9 depict yet another embodiment of the present
invention wherein the structural details of helmet assembly 10
permit the release of one of the female snap members only, with the
other female snap member remaining in mating engagement with its
male counterpart so that the chin strap does not fall to the ground
but at the same time releases itself from the user's chin and head.
This is accomplished by securing a modified channel assembly on one
side of helmet 10. Either the left or right side may be equipped
with this modified channel 31'.
Modified channel plate element 31' herein described varies from
channel plate element 31 in that the predetermined length of higher
portions 34' and 36' are somewhat shorter than the decreased height
of flanges 34" and 36". More simply stated, the length of the lower
portions on the modified channel plate element 31' is greater than
the length of the higher portions.
As illustrated in FIG. 9, when our invention is activated as
described above by a pulling force on the face mask guard assembly,
the male and female snap parts or members 26 and 22, respectively,
move forwardly with the slide within slot 39. This forward movement
is limited by the length of slot 25 and the presence of stop bolt
40. The unsnapping action described above for the first embodiment
described will not occur on channel assembly 31' since the snap
fastener assembly 22 and 26 will not reach the angle higher portion
of flanges 34' and 36'. The aforesaid action results in one side of
chin strap assembly 21 remaining secured to the face mask and
helmet assembly 10.
While the present invention has been described with reference to
specific emobdiments illustrated in the figures of the drawings
heretofore described, embodiments and changes coming within the
scope of the present invention may occur to those skilled in the
art and, as such, are contemplated by this invention. Various
changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art
without departing from the scope of the invention defined by the
proper scope of the appended claims.
* * * * *