U.S. patent number 3,895,128 [Application Number 05/349,412] was granted by the patent office on 1975-07-15 for method of conditioning fabrics and product therefor.
This patent grant is currently assigned to The Procter & Gamble Company. Invention is credited to Conrad J. Gaiser.
United States Patent |
3,895,128 |
Gaiser |
July 15, 1975 |
Method of conditioning fabrics and product therefor
Abstract
The requirement of critical introduction of softening or other
modifying agents into a wash cycle for effective conditioning is
obviated by a new method of conditioning which utilizes an article
on which the conditioning agent is removably coated and from which
the agent is transferred onto the clothes e.g. by cotumbling
therewith in a dryer.
Inventors: |
Gaiser; Conrad J. (Zephyr Cove,
NV) |
Assignee: |
The Procter & Gamble
Company (Cincinnati, OH)
|
Family
ID: |
26996167 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/349,412 |
Filed: |
April 9, 1973 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
|
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753531 |
Aug 19, 1968 |
|
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479590 |
Aug 13, 1965 |
3442692 |
May 6, 1969 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
428/43;
15/104.93; 206/820; 428/339; 15/209.1; 427/242; 428/906 |
Current CPC
Class: |
D06F
58/203 (20130101); D06M 23/00 (20130101); C11D
17/047 (20130101); Y10S 206/82 (20130101); Y10T
428/15 (20150115); Y10S 428/906 (20130101); Y10T
428/269 (20150115) |
Current International
Class: |
D06M
23/00 (20060101); D06F 58/20 (20060101); C11D
17/04 (20060101); B44D 001/46 () |
Field of
Search: |
;117/120,155UA,138.5R,139.5R |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Trenor; William R.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Xiarhos; Louis G. Bialos; Stanley
Allen; George W.
Parent Case Text
REFERENCE TO COPENDING APPLICATION
This application is a continuation of my application, Ser. No.
753,531 filed Aug. 19, 1968 and entitled "Method of Conditioning
Fabrics and Product Therefor" now abandoned and which, in turn, is
a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 479,590 filed Aug.
13, 1965 and now U.S. Pat. No. 3,442,692, issued May 6, 1969.
Claims
I claim:
1. A fabric conditioning article including a carrier comprising a
web having a discrete surface coating of a normally-solid fabric
softening agent; said web being resistant to shredding or tearing
failure when tumbled with damp clothes in a laundry dryer; said
coating having an irregular thickness ranging from about 0.1 to
10.0 mils., said normally-solid fabric softening agent comprising a
material which has a softening temperature below the elevated
temperatures of from about 120.degree.F. to 190.degree.F.
encountered in a laundry dryer to thereby soften in said dryer and
thus enhance transfer of the agent to fabrics contacted therewith;
the amount of said fabric softening agent comprising from about 1.0
to 10.0 grams per 105 square inches of said web.
2. The article of claim 1 in which the web is of cellulosic
fiber.
3. The article of claim 1 in which the web fibers are selected from
the group consisting of rayon, nylon, polyester, polyacrylonitrile
and polyolefin.
4. The article of claim 1 in which said web is of wet strength
paper.
5. The article of claim 1 wherein the coating is a hot melt
coating.
6. The article of claim 1 wherein the fabric softening agent is
dimethyl di(hydrogenated tallow) ammonium chloride.
7. A package comprising a plurality of individual articles as
claimed in claim 1.
8. An article for conditioning fabrics in a laundry dryer
comprising a web having a discrete surface coating of fabric
softening agent of the formula ##SPC9##
wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each alkyl of from 12 to 22 carbon
atoms, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each lower alkyl and X.sup.- is
selected from the group consisting of OH, Cl, Br, CH.sub.3
OSO.sub.3 and SO.sub.4 ; said fabric softening agent comprising a
normally solid material which has a softening temperature below the
elevated temperatures of from about 120.degree.F. to 190.degree.F.
encountered in a laundry dryer to thereby soften in said dryer and
thus enhance transfer of the agent to fabrics contacted therewith;
said web being resistant to shredding or tearing failure when
tumbled with damp clothes in a laundry dryer; said coating having
an irregular thickness ranging from about 0.1 to 10.0 mils; the
amount of said fabric softening agent comprising from about 1.0 to
10.0 grams per 105 square inches of said web.
9. The article of claim 8 in which the web fibers are selected from
the group consisting of rayon, nylon, polyester, polyacrylonitrile
and polyolefin.
10. The article of claim 8 in which said web is of cellulosic
fiber.
11. The article of claim 8 in which said web is of wet strength
paper.
12. The article of claim 8 wherein the fabric softening agent is
dimethyl di(hydrogenated tallow) ammonum chloride.
13. Package according to claim 7 in which said plurality of
individual articles are detachably connected together.
14. Package according to claim 13 in which the webs of the
individual articles are in the form of a roll from which each
individual article is separable along longitudinally spaced
transverse lines of weakness.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention is concerned with surface modification of fabrics to
impart desired properties thereto, primarily softness or "hand,"
but also including antistatic, lubricating, bacteriostatic, mildew
and moth-proof properties. It is common practice in laundering to
treat various types of household and garment fabrics, such as wool,
cotton, dacron or nylon, with one or more specialized conditioning
agents selected for example to render them soft to the touch and/or
to reduce knotting or wrinkling; to facilitate ironing the fabrics,
or to render the clothes free of static, or bacteria-resistant, or
to deodorize or in any other way to condition them.
2. Prior Art
Fabric conditioning is presently done by introducing a liquid
comprising a solution or dispersion of the agent into the washing
machine either during the washing cycle or the rinsing cycle and
particularly in the last rinsing step. Because most fabric
conditioning agents are cationic and hence chemically incompatible
with the soaps and anionic detergents in the wash water occluded in
the fabric conditioning effectiveness is greatly reduced. Thus,
there is no assurance that an effective amount of the agent will
remain on the fabric when adding the liquid conditioning agent at
the start of the last rinsing step, as there may be residual
detergent or soap present, especially in the home laundry.
The criticality of agent addition timing means that the housewife
must attend her supposedly automatic machine until the proper
moment, which is a major inconvenience. Moreover, application of
the agent from a liquid dispersion or solution is uneconomical
because the relatively low solubility of most conditioning agents
necessitates solution and dispersion in 16 to 20 times as much
solvent, usually water or water-alcohol mixtures, as agent; this
increases packaging, shipping and handling costs.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is designed to overcome difficulties now
encountered in conditioning fabrics, especially in the home.
Summarizing the invention, it comprises carrying the conditioning
agent in solid form as a removable coating on a web substrate,
which may be readily packaged, handled and shipped or transported
and used, all in the dry state. In use, a sheet of the substrate
carrying the agent may be placed in a conventional laundry dryer
with washed, but still wet or damp fabric which may include sheets,
garments, pillow cases, etc., rinsed of detergents or soaps. The
fabric articles and conditioner are tumbled together and the coated
conditioner is transferred to the fabric to place the conditioner
on the same.
Specifically the invention provides a fabric conditioning method, a
fabric conditioning article and a package suitable for conveniently
retailing and using premeasured fabric conditioner quantities. With
respect to the method, the invention provides, in the conditioning
of fabrics by addition of conditioning agents thereto, the step of
commingling the fabric to be conditioned and a substrate on which
the conditioning agent is removably coated in a manner to effect
transfer of the agent to the fabric and coated substrate and
repeated random contact between substrate and fabric is typically
used for transfer such as is readily effected in an ordinary
clothes dryer filled with clothing which is initially damp and
which is tumbled under drying conditions of elevated temperature
forced air circulation. The conditioning agent is preferably a low
melting normally solid material and may be carried on a substrate
less sorptive than the fabric whereby contacting of the coated
substrate with the fabric at temperatures above the softening
temperature of the conditioning agent effectively transfers the
agent to the fabric. A fabric conditioning article is provided
including a carrier comprising a suitable tear-resistant web and a
coating thereon of fabric conditioning agent which is removable to
a fabric contacting the carrier. The web is of cellulose fiber such
as ordinarily, a paper, and may be substantially nonadsorbent to
better maintain the agent on the surface thereof. The conditioning
agent or conditioner may be any fabric modifying material desirably
placed on fabrics and is more usually a softening product such as
an organic compound having both hydrophilic and hydrophobic
character. Primary among these are the organic nitrogen containing
compounds which are substantive to fabrics and which contain at
least 12 carbon atoms, such as the fatty amines and their salts or
quaternarized amines, particularly those having the Structure I or
II depicted hereinafter in which at least one substituent group is
hydrophobic i.e. contains 12 or more carbon atoms and in which the
associated anion is a halide.
An important advantage of the present invention is the efficiency
and ease of packaging, marketing and use of the just-mentioned
articles. The conditioning agent may be applied to the substrate
web as a 100% solids coating, and rolled or interleaved for
wrapping and sale. Moreover, the web may comprise separate and
separable sheets e.g. separable along longitudinally spaced
transverse lines of weakness formed by perforation or scoring. The
sheets are readily made of a size to delimit premeasured quantities
of conditioning agent, related to area, whereby a portion only of
the substrate web and appropriate to the fabric quantity to be
treated may be selected and combined with the fabric in the
dryer.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematic side elevational view of a conventional form
of apparatus which may be employed for effecting application of a
fluid conditioning agent to a continuous web;
FIG. 2 is a schematic elevational view of a well known type of
household laundry dryer; a portion of the structure being shown
broken away; and
FIG. 3 is an isometric view of a perforated roll of the coated web
from which individual sheets can be readily detached by the
housewife for use in the method thereof.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Simply stated, the invention enables introduction of fabric
softeners or other conditioners to fabrics at the most convenient
and most effective time. Because the conditioners are used in the
drying cycle rather than in the terminal part of the washing cycle,
the housewife is free of need to watch her washing machine for the
right moment. Because the conditioners, which may be detergent
sensitive, are added only after substantially all detergent has
been removed the deleterious effect of detergent on the conditioner
is minimized.
The present articles are easily prepared by coating a conditioning
agent onto a suitable substrate. Requirements of a good substrate
are ability to retain the coated conditioner, resistance to
shredding or other tearing failure when tumbled with damp clothes,
absence of a tendency to ball up when wet or damp, and efficient
transfer of coated conditioner. Suitable substrates will thus
include materials having sufficient wet strength and surface area
to carry adequate quantities of conditioner into the dryer or other
commingling device. Porous or nonporous, woven or nonwoven,
calendered or extruded sheet materials are highly useful. The
conditioner on the substrate surface is most readily transferred to
fabric and therefore substrates relatively impermeable to the
conditioner such as moisture resistant fibrous materials including
wet strength papers, regenerated cellulose, rayon, nylon,
polyester, polyacrylonitrile, polyolefin and other synthetic woven
or unwoven fibrous materials are preferred for economy in
application of conditioner. Wet strength paper offers a good
balance of performance and cost and is highly preferred. As used
herein such paper is considered to be paper which has been
impregnated with a waterproofing or sizing material such as a
thermosetting resin e.g. a phenol- or amine-, especially
melamine-formaldehyde resin or casein, starch or other impregnant,
having the effect of reducing water absorption by fibrous
cellulosic products. Additionally, waxy papers which carry coatings
or impregnations of paraffin or a microcrystalline or synthetic wax
may be used, e.g. "butcher paper" or dry waxed paper, to the extent
of reducing moisture absorption but permitting adherent coating of
the paper with conditioning agent.
In physical terms, the wet strength papers retain at least 15% of
its dry strength and preferably 20 to 60% thereof when water
saturated. The presence of sizing resins tends to stiffen the paper
and inhibit balling up in a dryer, which thus affords additional
surface area for transfer contact of the conditioning agent to the
fabric. Kraft papers (20-40 lbs.) having a caliper of 15 to 65 mils
and containing 3.5 to 8 pounds of thermosetting resin per ream have
provided excellent results, particularly those remaining at least
moderately flat in the dryer.
Onto the just described substrate material there is placed a
coating of the conditioning agent. The agent may be impregnated in
the carrier sheet to provide a relatively thin coating but best
results in terms of conditioning agent and cost are realized when
the substrate carries the agent substantially as a discrete surface
coating. This coating may be of irregular thickness on the
substrate, e.g. of 0.1 to 10.0 mils. A desirable amount of the
coating is about 4 grams per ft..sup.2 on the surface of the
substrate, one side or half the amount per side if both sides are
coated.
It will be apparent that many materials might be added to fabrics
following fabric washing e.g. a silicone to give ease of ironing, a
bacteriocide-fungicide to combat mildew fungus and odor, or an
antistat to prevent "cling" particularly in nylon fabrics. The most
universal preference however, is for an improvement in the feel or
hand of the fabric, i.e., downy softness instead of harshness
resulting from hard water or detergent use. The present method and
article are highly advantageous as a means of imparting softening
conditioning to fabrics. Obviously the relationship of the various
conditioning agents and the substrate is a physical one and for
that reason any conditioning agent able to be adhered to the
substrate, and transferred to the fabric may be used for its
specific effect. The following illustrative materials are therefore
not limitative of the scope of the invention.
Typically fabric softeners are cationic materials having
substantivity to fabrics. Anionic and amphoteric materials are also
useful however, depending on the fabric. In general, useful
softeners are organic compounds which (1) contain primary,
secondary, tertiary or quaternary nitrogen, or which are
phosphonium or sulfonium compounds and (2) have a relatively long
hydrocarbon group substituent conferring hydrophobicity and
lubricity. Among such groups are alkyl groups containing 12 or more
carbon atoms and desirably at least 16 to 18 up to 22 carbon atoms
to effect efficacious softening. Other substituent groups on the
nitrogen may be hydrocarbon, usually of fewer than 8 carbon atoms,
on relative polar groups such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, alkoxy and
ester groups of fewer than 8 carbon atoms. Typical fabric
conditioners include:
A. Primary, secondary, and tertiary amines or diamines and their
water soluble or water dispersible salts. For example:
R.sub.1 --NH.sub.2 ;
R.sub.1 --NH--R.sub.2 ; ##SPC1##
where R.sub.1 and/or R.sub.2 may each be an alkyl group of 12 to 22
carbon atoms; R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are lower alkyl, e.g. methyl or
ethyl groups; and where R.sub.5 is an alkylene chain of 4 or 6
carbon atoms wherein the two middle carbon atoms are linked to each
other by an ether oxygen or by a double or triple bond. The
following is a list of compounds of such type:
1. Partially substituted primary, secondary, or tertiary amines
with various fatty constituents such as lauryl, palmityl, stearyl,
coco, tallow or oleyl.
Examples:
hydrogenated tallow amine (RNH.sub.2)
dicoco amine (R.sub.2 NH)
Coco dimethyl amine (RN(CH.sub.3).sub.2
Trade names:
Armeen series (Armour);
Alamine series (General Mills);
Formonyte 600 series (Foremost).
2. Diamines with various fatty constitutents including coco,
tallow, and oleyl. Common among the available diamines are
N-alkyltrimethylene diamines (R--NH--C.sub.3 H.sub.6
--NH.sub.2)
Trade names:
Duomeen Series (Armour);
Formonyte 800 series (Foremost).
3. Ethoxylated amines and diamines with fatty alkyl groups of coco,
tallow, soya, and stearyl, typically with 2, 5, 15 or 50 moles
ethylene oxide: ##SPC2##
Trade names:
Sipenol series (Alcolac);
Ethomeen series (Armour);
Ethoduomeen series (Armour).
B. A quaternary or bis-quaternary ammonium base or salt. For
example the following Structures I and II referred to previously:
##SPC3##
where X may be any of the following: OH, Cl, Br, CH.sub.3
OSO.sub.3, SO.sub.4, or similar anion, and R.sub.1, R.sub.2,
R.sub.3, R.sub.4, and R.sub.5 the same as above. Salts of this type
include:
Distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride
N-alkyl trimethyl ammonium chloride
Dialkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride
Methyl difatty alkoxy ammonium sulfate
2,2'-bis(stearyldimethyl ammonio) diethylether dichloride
Alkyl groups include lauryl, cetyl, stearyl, coco, soya, and
tallow
Trade names:
Arquad series (Armour);
Adogen series (Ashland);
Culversan series (Culver);
Varisoft 222 (Varney).
C. Alkyl imadazolines and imadazoles, including:
1-beta hydroxyethyl-2-alkyl imadazoline where the alkyl group is
lauryl, oleyl, stearyl or tall oil ##SPC4##
2-alkyl-1,1-methyl [(2-alkylamido) ethyl]-imidazolinium
methosulfate ##SPC5##
where:
R.sub.1 =c.sub.15.sub.-21
r.sub.2 =c.sub.16.sub.-22
trade names:
Onyxsan series (Onyx);
Monazoline series (Mona);
Armosoft AB (Armour).
D. Alkyl pyridine and piperidine salts, including:
Alkyl pyridinium chloride
Stearamidomethyl pyridinium chloride
Stearoxymethyl pyridinium chloride
Trade name:
Ammonyx CPC (Onyx).
E. Alkyl sulfonium salts,
An example of a salt of this type which has been prepared is:
##SPC6##
F. Alkyl phosphonium salts.
G. Esters of amino acids, such as: ##SPC7##
H. Esters of amino alcohols, such as: ##SPC8##
Fatty acid esters of ethanol amines, such as stearic acid ester of
triethanolamine.
Stearic acid ester of dibutylamino ethanol
Trade name:
Soromine series (GAF).
I. Alkyl guanidine and their salts, in which the alkyl groups
contain 8-18 carbon atoms, such as Guanidine stearate.
Effective as antistatic agents are usually the quaternary ammonium
salts, e.g. chlorides, bromides, or sulfates, and the alkyl
imidazolinium chlorides, bromides, or sulfates, e.g. alkyl dibenzyl
ammonium chlorides and alkyl amines in which at least one alkyl
group contains from 12 to 22 carbon atoms. Quaternary nitrogen
compounds such as alkyl dimethyl benzylammonium and dodecyl
trimethyl ammonium halides are also desirable bacteriostatic
agents.
The amount of conditioning agent incorporated onto the substrate is
that which is effective, without substantial excess which would
serve no purpose. The actual amount in any given case is variable
and will depend on the end use, the agent and the substrate
employed. For example, about 1.0 to 10.0 grams of a softening agent
on a sheet of approximately 105 square inches of paper, introduced
will usually suffice for the normal household dryer in which the
usual load of 5 to 10 lbs. of fabric is dried in about 40 to 60
minutes under normal drying conditions of about 120.degree.F. to
190.degree.F. In commercial laundries having greater dryer
capacity, more agent carrying substrate sheets are added with the
fabric pieces to the dryer.
Many of the aforementioned agents are normally solid and low
melting as well as soluble or dispersible in water or in
water-alcohol (desirably isopropyl alcohol for economy). To coat
them onto a substrate, the substrate is dipped into a solution or
dispersion of the agent having a concentration sufficient to
provide the desired amount of agent on the substrate, or the
substrate is coated with a hot melt or solution in a suitable
liquid of the agent by any coating technique including a roll
applicator which meters the coating onto the substrate, followed by
chilling or if a solvent is used by the removal of the solvent from
the substrate by drying either at ambient temperature or in an
oven.
The resultant treated substrate can then be distributed in
perforated roll form from which individual sheets can be readily
detached, with each sheet carrying a desired predetermined amount
of agent, or it can be packaged in the form of a stack of
individual separated sheets each carrying such amount of agent.
The apparatus of FIG. 1 comprises a coating pan 6 containing a
molten agent coating composition 7, and in which is rotatably
mounted a conventional applicator coating roll 8 of metal, such as
steel. A conventional doctor blade 9 is in slight frictional
contact with the coating roll to smooth out the liquid which is
applied to the underside of web 11 as it moves continuously with a
smooth, uninterrupted motion in the general direction indicated by
the arrows as the web is unwound from a supply roll (not shown). A
conventional continuously rotatable back-up roll 12 having a
resilient covering 13, desirably rubber, provides a nip with roll 8
between which continuously moving web 11 passes; the web being
trained over conventional idler rolls 14 on either side of the
nip.
After the underside of the web is coated, it is continuously
conveyed to a rotatable chill roll 16 between additional idler
rolls 14, and which may be water cooled whereby the melt is
solidified to leave the conditioning agent as a solid coating on
the surface of the web.
Upon leaving the chill roll the coated web is rewound into a roll
17. A coating of the conditioning agent may be applied to each side
of the web or only one side by evident variations in the coating
line.
The coated web 11 may be formed into roll 18 by conventional means,
of the size usually employed in household rolls e.g. of paper
toweling. As shown in FIG. 3, the roll 18 is formed of wound web 11
with spaced lines of weakness 19, in the form of perforations,
detachably connecting sections 21 which provide sheets having a
coating 22 of the agent, each sheet being of a size carrying the
same predetermined amount of agent suitable for use in treating a
usual load of clothes in a conventional household dryer.
Thus, the perforated roll provides a package whereby the
conditioning agent is usable in predetermined increments merely by
detaching the respective sheets 21 along their lines of weakness
19. Although a dispensing roll is preferred, predetermined sizes of
the substrate carrying each the same premeasured amount of
conditioning agent may be dispensed from conventional dispensing
packages as individual sheets.
As is illustrated in FIG. 2 of the drawings, sheet 21 coated with a
fabric conditioning agent is introduced into a conventional fabric
dryer chamber or enclosure 27 having a conventional rotatable drum
or agitator 27 and a door 29. Drum ribs 31 effect a thorough
commingling of the pieces of washed but damp fabric 32 with the
substrate with repeated random collisions. Vent 33 is provided,
allowing escape of drying air and water vapor.
The normal drying time of about 40 to 60 minutes and the normal
drying temperatures of about 120.degree.F. to 190.degree.F.,
commonly employed for laundry drying are satisfactory. High
humidity conditions exist in the dryer, and by the time the fabric
pieces have been dried, conditioning agent has been transferred
from the substrate to the fabric and is randomly deposited thereon.
Once deposited the softener may spread along the fabric surface.
After the conditioning treatment, the dried pieces of fabric are
removed from the dryer and handled in the customary manner, such as
ironing.
EXAMPLE I
A conventional paper towel of about 105 square inches in size was
immersed in a dispersion of 2.0 grams of dimethyl, di(hydrogenated
tallow) ammonium chloride (a quaternary ammonium compound known as
"Arquad 2HT-75" by Armour Chemical Company) in 7.0 c.c. of water
and 1.5 c.c. of isopropanol, prepared at 18.degree.C. After all the
liquid had been absorbed and the paper towel was dried at ambient
temperature, 2.0 grams of the agent was impregnated uniformly in
the body of the substrate leaving a surface coating, and the
substrate was dried. The impregnated substrate carrying the agent
was then introduced into a conventional household clothes dryer
("Kenmore" gas dryer) with an approximate 8 lb. load of damp
fabrics (towels and linens) which had been spin-dried by
centrifugation in the washer. During a conventional drying cycle of
about 50 minutes under conventional drying temperature of about
150.degree.F., the substrate was thoroughly tumbled around with the
fabric by the drying agitator.
During such treatment, the agent was removed from the surface of
the substrate through abrasion and moisture transfer to fabric
pieces rendering them noticeably softer, antistatic and fluffier.
The thus imparted lubricating effect and resultant freedom from
static reduced knotting and cloth binding, thereby substantially
reducing wrinkling. The antistatic qualities remained with the
fabric pieces until they were rewashed, thus rendering them more
comfortable to wear; and because of the softening, the need for
ironing was minimized and ironing was made easier.
EXAMPLE II
Fifty grams of the aforementioned quaternary ammonium compound of
Example I, was dispersed in 15 c.c. of isopropyl alcohol and 70
c.c. of water at 75.degree.C. Ten conventional sheets of perforated
paper toweling, each of 120 square inches, were folded along the
perforations into a pad which was pressed into this dispersion, and
was squeezed and worked until all the solution was evenly dispersed
throughout the pad.
The pad was then unfolded and hung on a wash line to dry. Drying
took about 10 hours at ambient temperature. After the drying, the
impregnated sheets having a surface coating were very flexible,
translucent and had a waxy feel. Checking the dry weight of the
towels established that each sheet had picked up approximately 5
grams of the conditioning agent.
Over a period of several weeks, these towels were employed for
conditioning fabrics by adding one towel to a conventional gas
heated (Kenmore) clothes dryer with each load of approximately 8
lbs. of freshly laundered clothes to be dried; the drying
temperature being about 150.degree.F., and the time about 50
minutes. After the drying, the clothes were removed and in each
instance were softer, had fewer wrinkles, showed no electrostatic
charge and ironed more easily. Each removed paper towel was intact,
and had lost about 80 weight percent of the agent.
EXAMPLE III
A conventional resin sized (about 6 lbs. per ream) high wet
strength Kraft paper, weighing 30 lbs, per ream (3,000 sq. ft.) and
having a caliper of about 0.0043 inch, was coated with uniform
distribution on one side with a melt of the conditioning agent of
Example I in an amount of about 2.15 grams per sq. ft.
A 10 .times. 10 inch square of the thus coated paper was introduced
into a conventional household dryer as in Example I with an
approximate 8 lb. load of fabrics, and the fabrics were dried as in
Example I. The fabrics dried in the presence of the coated
substrate, as in this example, were considerably softer than
closely similar fabrics which were treated with presently
commercial liquid conditioning agents added to the fabrics in the
last rinse of the washing cycle.
* * * * *