U.S. patent number 3,894,655 [Application Number 05/476,790] was granted by the patent office on 1975-07-15 for plastic container.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Ethyl Development Corporation. Invention is credited to Harley H. Mattheis, Edward J. Potter.
United States Patent |
3,894,655 |
Mattheis , et al. |
July 15, 1975 |
Plastic container
Abstract
An integrally formed, one-piece, generally rectangular, plastic
container particularly adapted for holding medicines. The container
includes a generally rectangular bottom section which is connected
to a rectangular top section by means of an integrally formed,
flexible, plastic hinge at the rear of the two sections. In the
closed position, the top section overlies the bottom section and
latch means lock the two sections together. The bottom section has
a planar bottom wall, two opposed, upturned sidewalls, an upturned
front wall, and an upturned back wall, all of which are integrally
formed and connected to each other. The top section has a planar
top wall, two downturned sidewalls, and a downturned front wall all
of which are integrally formed and connected to each other, and a
downturned back wall integrally formed and connected to said top
wall and to the rearmost edges of the downturned sidewalls, the
latter connection being made by means of fracturable plastic webs.
The closed container requires that equal pressure be applied to the
rear corners thereof in order to disengage the latch means. The
container provides a substantially childproof safety closure for
tableted medicines such as aspirin, laxatives, cold tablets,
prescription drugs, etc. This container also provides a container
which will indicate to the consumer whether or not the container
has been tampered with by opening.
Inventors: |
Mattheis; Harley H. (Verona,
NJ), Potter; Edward J. (Geneva on the Lake, OH) |
Assignee: |
Ethyl Development Corporation
(Kansas City, MO)
|
Family
ID: |
23893257 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/476,790 |
Filed: |
June 6, 1974 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
220/283; 220/239;
220/315; 206/1.5; 220/265 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B65D
43/162 (20130101); B65D 2251/105 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B65D
43/16 (20060101); B65d 043/16 () |
Field of
Search: |
;220/265,281,282,283
;150/.5,46 ;206/1.5 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Price; William I.
Assistant Examiner: Hart; Ro E.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Johnson; Donald L. Sieberth; John
F. Spielman, Jr.; Edgar E.
Claims
1. In an integrally formed, one-piece plastic container, the
combination comprising:
a. a generally rectangular bottom section having a planar bottom
wall, two opposed, upturned sidewalls, an upturned back wall, and
an upturned front wall, all of which are integrally formed and
connected to each other;
b. a generally rectangular top section having a planar top wall,
two opposed, downturned sidewalls, and a downturned front wall, all
of which are integrally formed and connected to each other, and a
downturned back wall integrally formed and connected to said top
wall and to the rearmost edges of said downturned sidewalls, said
connection of said downturned back wall and said downturned side
walls being made by a fracturable web at each point of
connection;
c. integrally formed hinge means connecting said back wall of said
top section to said back wall of said bottom section; and
d. said top section adapted to overlie said bottom section and to
be frictionally engaged therewith when said container is in the
closed position.
2. In the container of claim 1 wherein both of said back walls are
less than one-half the height of the adjacent sidewalls.
3. In the container of claim 1 wherein said hinge means includes a
web of plastic material having a thickness of less than one-half
the thickness of said back walls.
4. In the container of claim 1 wherein said fracturable webs can be
fractured by the application of pressure exerted on the rear
corners of the container by the fingers of an adult.
5. In the container of claim 1 wherein said front walls and said
sidewalls of both sections are all of equal height.
6. In the container of claim 1 wherein said top and bottom sections
are frictionally engaged in the closed position by integrally
formed, spaced apart projections provided adjacent the upper edge
of the outer wall of said upturned front wall, which projections
are engaged by integrally formed, spaced apart projections provided
adjacent the upper edge of the inner wall of said downturned front
wall.
7. The container of claim 4 wherein the container is made of
polypropylene.
8. In the container of claim 7 wherein said front walls and said
sidewalls of both sections are all of equal height.
9. In the container of claim 8 wherein said top and bottom sections
are frictionally engaged in the closed position by integrally
formed, spaced apart projections provided adjacent the upper edge
of the outer wall of said upturned front wall, which projections
are engaged by integrally formed, spaced apart projections provided
adjacent the upper edge of the inner wall of said downturned front
wall.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a one-piece, integrally formed, generally
rectangular, plastic box particularly suited for packaging
medicines.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Many medicines such as aspirin have conventionally been packaged in
generally rectangular, two-piece, metal containers having a top
rectangular section which is hingedly connected to a rectangular
bottom section. Earlier boxes utilized a conventional pinned hinge
arrangement at the rear thereof to join the two components
together. More recent two-piece boxes are connected by means of
matching projections and recesses provided on each sidewall of the
box slightly forward of the rear thereof (see U.S. Pat. No.
2,906,428). These boxes are opened by applying pressure to the rear
of the box.
Recent FDA regulations will require that aspirin tablets and a
number of items be packaged in special containers which have
"childproof" features. The containers must not be openable by
children under a certain age in a certain number of attempts to
open the containers. Satisfactory closures have been developed for
bottle-type containers for aspirin and prescription drugs and other
items which may be potentially dangerous to children. However,
difficulty has been encountered in producing a satisfactory
rectangular, two-piece, hinged, conventional container for
packaging tablets. The problem has primarily been one of developing
a container which has a consistent opening pressure, such that only
pressure applied by an adult can open the container. Erratic
opening pressures utilizing the conventional engaging means for the
closure, i.e., the projection on the front of the lower portion of
the container which is engaged in a recess in the front wall of the
upper portion of the container, together with the difficulty in
producing the recesses and protrusions which form the hinge
mechanism of the container, have prevented the conventional metal
tablet box from qualifying as a childproof container.
The present invention overcomes numerous disadvantages of
previously used containers in that it can be readily prepared by
utilization of flexible plastic materials and has reproducible
opening and closing characteristics rendering it eminently suitable
for use in packaging medicines.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide an integrally
formed, plastic container suitable for holding tablets.
It is another object of the present invention to provide an
integrally formed, plastic container having reproducible opening
characteristics.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide an
integrally formed, plastic container which can qualify for
certification as "childproof."
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide an
injection molded, plastic container having two components joined by
a "living hinge."
It is an even further object of this invention to provide an
integrally formed plastic container which is tamper determinative
and which protects the enclosed contents from contamination.
The foregoing objects and other advantages that are brought out
hereinafter are realized in the container of the present invention
in an integrally formed, one-piece plastic container which has a
generally rectangular bottom section having a planar bottom wall,
two opposed, upturned sidewalls, an upturned front wall, and an
upturned back wall all of which are integrally formed and connected
to each other. The container also has a top section having a planar
top wall, two downturned sidewalls, and a downturned front wall all
of which are integrally formed and connected to each other, and a
downturned back wall integrally formed and connected to said top
wall and to the rearmost edges of the downturned sidewalls, the
latter connection being made by means of a fracturable plastic web.
Integrally formed hinge means are provided which connect the back
wall of the top section to the back wall of the bottom section. The
top section is adapted to overlie the bottom section and to be
frictionally engaged therewith when the container is in the closed
position.
The present invention provides many advantages over those
containers previously utilized for packaging medicants such as
aspirin. The present container is readily formed of plastic
material such as medium, low or high density polyethylene,
polypropylene, or other semi-rigid plastic materials which can be
readily injection molded. The device can be produced by preferably
injection molding these thermoplastics to produce an integrally
formed container having two rectangular compartments connected by a
living hinge. The present container has reproducible opening
characteristics which will qualify it as a childproof
container.
Another advantage is that the container of this invention provides,
by way of the fracturable plastic webs, a means for the consumer to
detect whether or not the container has been tampered with by
opening. This fracturable web also serves to keep the contents of
the container contamination free.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective, elevational view of the container of the
present invention showing the container in a closed position;
FIG. 2 is a rear view of the container shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a front, elevational view of the container as shown in
FIG. 4;
FIG. 4 is a top plan view of the container of the present invention
in the open position;
FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view of the container of FIG. 4 along
the line 4A--4A;
FIG. 4B is a broken, enlarged view of the hinge portion of the
container as shown in FIG. 4A;
FIG. 4C is a broken, enlarged, perspective view of a forward corner
of the lower section of the container as seen in FIG. 3;
FIG. 4D is an enlarged, broken view of the hinge portion of the
container shown in FIG. 5A;
FIG. 4E is a broken, elevational, perspective view of an inside
corner of the top section of the container as seen in FIG. 4;
FIG. 4F is an enlarged, broken, sectional view of the forward
portion of the container of FIG. 5A showing the details of the
engagement of the latch means;
FIG. 5 is a top plan view of the container of the present invention
shown in the closed position;
FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view of the container of FIG. 5 taken
along the line 5A--5A;
FIG. 6 is a broken perspective view of a rear corner of the
container of FIG. 2 prior to force being exerted upon the top of
the container by a human finger; and
FIG. 7 is the same view as FIG. 6 except that the rear corner is
shown after the force has been exerted thereon by the human
finger.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring now to FIGS. 1-5, 4A and 5A, the container of the present
invention is characterized in that it is made from one integrally
formed piece of semi-flexible plastic material. The container,
designated generally by the reference numeral 10, is composed of
two sections-- a bottom section, designated generally by the
numeral 11, and a top section, designated generally by the numeral
12. The bottom section includes a generally rectangular planar
bottom wall 13 which is integrally connected to an upturned front
wall 14. The front wall 14 and the bottom wall 13 are integrally
formed with and connected to opposed, upturned sidewalls 15 and 16.
The bottom section has a rear wall 17 which is integrally formed
with and projects upward at a slight angle from the bottom wall 13.
The rear wall 17 is slightly less than one-half of the height of
the front wall and sidewalls of the bottom section. The bottom
section sidewalls and front wall and the top section sidewalls and
front wall are preferably all of equal height. By these walls being
of equal height the container can then be easily placed in an open
upside down position for printing on the top or bottom walls
without "rocking" of the container as would be the case if the
walls were of unequal height.
The top section 12 of the container includes a generally planar top
wall 18 which is integrally formed with and connected to a
downturned (in the closed position) front wall 19. The top wall 18
and front wall 19 are integrally formed with and connected to two
opposed sidewalls 20 and 21. Top wall 18 has integrally formed
therewith a downwardly and rearwardly projecting rear wall 22. Rear
wall 22 is also connected at its ends to the rearmost ends of
sidewalls 20 and 21 by integrally formed frangible plastic webs 20a
and 21a. The rear walls 22 and 17 are joined by an integrally
formed living hinge section 23. As seen more clearly in FIGS. 4B
and 4D, the hinge section 23 has a wall thickness which is
substantially thinner than the wall thickness of the rear walls 22
and 17. Preferably, the wall thickness of the hinge section is
about one-half or less of the thickness of the rear walls 17 and
22. The longitudinally extending groove 24 (which may be in any
particular form, but is shown in the drawings as a semicircular
groove) extends the full length of the rear walls. The groove
provides a weakening of the major flexing portion of the hinge
element 23 to facilitate easy flexure of the hinge element 23 when
opening and closing the container.
Referring now to FIGS. 1, 4A and 5A, it can be seen that bottom
section 11 and top section 12 of the container have their sidewalls
15, 16, 20 and 21 respectively provided with rearwardly tapered
sections 25 and 25a which permits the top wall 18 to be flexed
downward and forward by application of thumb pressure to the
rearward corners thereof (see the SQUEEZE HERE indications in FIG.
1) to activate the latching means and to fracture frangible webs
21a and 20a as will be hereinafter described. As seen more clearly
in FIG. 2, the sidewalls 20 and 21 of the upper section of the
container terminate at the rear end of the container and are
integrally connected to the rear wall 22 by means of thin,
frangible, plastic webs 21a and 20a. The rear wall 17 of the bottom
section is also integrally attached (but not by frangible webs) to
sidewalls 15 and 16.
Referring now to FIGS 3, 4, 4A and 4F, the upper or top section of
the container 12 and the bottom or lower section 11 of the
container are held in the closed position, as seen in FIGS. 1, 4F,
5 and 5A, by means of a left latch 27 and a right latch 28. Each
latch includes an integrally formed, short, longitudinally
extending protrusion (29 for the left latch and 30 for the right
latch) on the inside wall of the front wall 19 of the top section
11 of the container. The two top protrusions 29 and 30 are adapted
to engage and interlock with like left-hand protrusions 31 and
right-hand protrusion 32 which are integrally formed with and
project from the upper edge of the outside wall of the front wall
14 of the lower section of the container. Beneath protrusions 31
and 32 are channels 88 and 89. These channels are optional and
serve to give protrusions 31 and 32 more depth for obtaining
attachment with top protrusions 29 and 30. As seen more clearly in
FIG. 4F, when the top section of the container is folded over and
pressed downwardly over the bottom section of the container, the
two sections are latched together by engagement of the respective
left- and right-hand protrusions on the top section and bottom
section of the container. While the protrusions on each section of
the container are shown in FIG. 4F with sloping engaging walls, the
protrusions may have transverse walls on the engaging surfaces, if
desired.
In order to open the closed container, an adult will take the
container in both hands and position the left- and right-hand rear
corners of the box between the thumb and forefinger of the left and
right hands and apply a combination of downward and forward
pressure by the thumbs. This will tend to do two things--distort
the upper cover to bow the front wall 19 outwardly thereby
assisting in releasing the left- and right-hand latches; the
forward pressure component will insure that the thin, frangible
webs 20a and 21a will be broken and that the latch means are
completely disengaged thereby permitting the spring force present
in the hinge member 23 to swing the upper or top section of the
container 18 open thereby exposing the contents of the container
held in the lower section.
The container of the present invention may be fabricated from any
suitable, flexible, thermoplastic material. Suitable thermoplastic
materials are high, medium and low density polyethylene,
polypropylene, and copolymers of ethylene and propylene with other
comonomers, plasticized PVC and copolymers of vinyl chloride with
other comonomers. Any plastic material which is sufficiently
flexible to make operable an integrally formed, living hinge, i.e.,
the hinge 23, can be used in the container of the present
invention. The preferred material is polypropylene. The thicknesses
of the hinge element 23 and the rear walls 17 and 22 of the
container can be readily determined by experiment to provide the
proper resistance to application of pressure to insure against
accidental opening of the container. Additionally, the thicknesses
of these members, together with that of the top member 18, may be
suitably adjusted in order to require the application of a specific
number of ounces of compression upon each corner of the container
before the latches will release. The frangible webs 20a and 21a
should have a thickness such that the compressive pressure that can
reasonably be exerted by the forefingers and thumbs of an adult
will cause the webs to fracture. The thickness of these webs will
also be determined by the physical properties of the thermoplastic
from which the container is formed and can be readily determined by
those skilled in the plastic molding arts. If desired the webs may
be shorter than the full height of the rear wall 22, or they may be
serated for easier fracturing. The container of the present
invention may be easily formed by injection molding or by
thermoforming suitable plastic material. The container is suitable
for packaging medicants in that it can be designed to provide a
childproof container.
While there has been described what is considered preferred
embodiments of the present invention, it is understood that
apparatus and design changes may be utilized for constructing and
operating the container of the present invention. For example,
instead of the latch members utilizing sloping surfaces on their
engaging faces, these members may be made in the form of a
generally rectangular protrusion whereby a more vigorous and
forceful application of pressure will have to be applied to the
rear of the top cover of the container in order to release these
latch members. Additionally, if desired grooved or serated surfaces
may be provided at the rear corners of the top and/or bottom
sections of the container to secure a better grip on the container
when applying pressure thereto for opening the container. What is
claimed is:
* * * * *