U.S. patent number 3,893,723 [Application Number 05/438,380] was granted by the patent office on 1975-07-08 for electromagnetic door lock.
Invention is credited to Esdras Boule.
United States Patent |
3,893,723 |
Boule |
July 8, 1975 |
Electromagnetic door lock
Abstract
An electrically operated door lock which comprises a housing for
mounting the door lock and having a bore on one side thereof and a
lock operating mechanism mounted in the housing. The mechanism
includes a first electromagnetic means for driving a locking pin
through the bore into a "lock" position and a second
electromagnetic means for driving the pin into an "unlock"
position. A guiding member extends through the locking pin and is
adapted upon actuation of the first and second electromagnetic
means to lead the pin into the lock and unlock position,
respectively.
Inventors: |
Boule; Esdras (Drummondville,
Quebec, CA) |
Family
ID: |
23740431 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/438,380 |
Filed: |
January 31, 1974 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
292/140; 70/280;
292/170; 292/144 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E05B
47/0002 (20130101); E05B 47/026 (20130101); Y10T
292/1021 (20150401); Y10T 292/0976 (20150401); E05B
47/0004 (20130101); Y10T 292/1016 (20150401); E05B
2047/0007 (20130101); Y10T 70/7113 (20150401) |
Current International
Class: |
E05B
47/02 (20060101); E05B 047/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;70/279,280,451
;292/37,140,144,170 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Craig, Jr.; Albert G.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Robic; Raymond A. Mack; Peter G.
Schwartz; Arthur
Claims
I claim:
1. An electrically operated door lock comprising:
a. a housing for mounting the door lock and having a bore on one
side thereof;
b. a locking pin having a longitudinal axis, said locking pin being
disposed in said bore for axial movement therein;
c. a lock operating mechanism mounted in said housing, said
mechanism including a first electromagnetic means for driving said
locking pin through said bore into a lock position and a second
electromagnetic means for driving said pin into an unlock
position;
d. a guiding member extending through the locking pin and adapted
upon actuation of said first and second electromagnetic means to
lead said pin into the lock and unlock positions, respectively;
e. said guiding member including first, second, and third
sections;
f. said first section having a centerline which is perpendicular to
the longitudinal axis of said locking pin;
g. said second section including a segment having a centerline
which is inclined at an angle of approximately
30.degree.-60.degree. with respect to the centerline of said first
section, said second section extending between said first and third
sections to join said first, second, and third sections
together;
h. said third section extending from said section and having a
centerline which is substantially perpendicular to the centerline
of said first section;
i. said first electromagnetic means being coupled with a distal end
of said first section;
j. said second electromagnetic means being coupled with a distal
end of said third section;
k. said locking pin including a passage, said passage being
partially defined by first, second, and third surfaces, said first
and second surfaces being parallel to each other and parallel to
said inclined centerline of said segment of said second section of
said guiding member, said third surface joining said first surface
and being disposed perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of said
locking pin and parallel to the centerline of said first
section;
l. said inclined segment of said second section of said guiding
member engaging said first surface when said locking pin is driven
from the unlock position into the lock position, said inclined
segment engaging said second surface when said locking pin is
driven from said lock position to said unlock position, said first
section of said guiding member engaging said third surface in
abutting relationship therewith when said locking pin is in the
lock position to thereby maintain said locking pin in such position
until it is driven therefrom by said electromagnetic means.
2. An electrically operated door lock as claimed in claim 1,
wherein said second section of said guiding member further includes
a portion having a centerline parallel to said centerline of said
first section and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said
pin, said portion engaging said third surface of said locking pin
when said locking pin is in the unlock position.
3. An electrically operated door lock as claimed in claim 1,
wherein the first and second magnetic means are solenoids, each
being equipped with a plunger attached to an opposite end of said
guiding member.
4. An electrically operated door lock as claimed in claim 1,
wherein said electromagnetic means are energized through actuation
of make-and-break switch.
5. An electrically operated door lock as claimed in claim 1,
wherein permanent magnets are provided for keeping the guiding
member and thus the locking pin in the unlock position.
6. An electrically operated door lock as claimed in claim 1,
wherein the locking pin slides within a cylindrical member defining
said bore, the cylindrical member being provided with lengthwise
slits so as to allow movement of said guiding member
thereacross.
7. An electrically operated door lock as claimed in claim 1,
wherein a lever is attached to said guiding member and extends
through said housing for manually actuating said pin into the
unlock position.
8. An electrically operated door lock as claimed in claim 1,
wherein the lock is mounted flush with the jamb of the door by
means of a mounting plate, one end of said plate being secured to
said housing while the other end is fixed to the door frame.
9. An electrically operated door lock as claimed in claim 1,
wherein a remotely located lamp is energized by means of a switch
mounted in said housing whenever the guiding member and the locking
pin are in the lock position.
Description
The present invention relates to an electromagnetically operated
door lock of the type which may be used for locking the doors of
private or other commercial buildings.
It is a common practice to use manually operated locks for locking
doors. Electromagnetically operated locks of known types consist of
a bolt or pin which is pushed forward into a recess provided at the
edge of a door thus providing the locking means. The bolt is pushed
forward by a solenoid and the door remains locked as long as a
current flows through the solenoid. A spring attached to the bottom
of the pin retracks the pin and thus opens the door whenever the
current is disconnected. Such a device does not prove reliable
since when the current is cut off due to a breakdown of the local
electric supplier, the locking pin is automatically retracted by
means of the spring and the door remains unlocked.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an
electromagnetic door lock which is safe and reliable and which is
so conceived as to keep the door locked even in case of the local
electric feeder shutdown.
The door lock mechanism in accordance with the invention comprises
a housing adapted to be installed in the jamb of a door, and
includes a first electromagnetic means for driving a locking pin
through the bore into a lock position and a second electromagnetic
means for driving the pin into an unlock position. A guiding member
which extends through the locking pin and which, upon actuation by
the first and second magnetic means, leads the locking pin into the
lock or unlock position. The electromagnetic means are energized
only when the locking pin is to be moved into the lock or unlock
position and at other times no electrical current flows
therethrough.
Other objects of the invention will become more apparent through
the following description of a preferred embodiment given in the
accompanying drawings, wherein
FIG. 1 shows the electromagnetic door lock as installed in the jamb
of a door;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the locking mechanism in accordance
with the invention;
FIG. 3 is an electrical diagram showing the operation of the
electromagnetic door lock;
FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 illustrate the electromagnetic door lock of the
invention into operation.
Referring to FIG. 1, a door lock 1 in accordance with the invention
is shown as mounted on a door frame-casing 1 or a jamb 2. The jamb
2 is illustrated as being made of aluminum, into a single piece,
but it is to be understood that a wooden frame could be
alternatively used without departing from the efficiency of the
locking device of the invention. As shown, the locking device is
mounted flushed to the door frame by means of upper and lower
mounting screws 3 according to a technique more elaborately
described later with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6. In the indoor side
of the door frame 2 is provided a manually actuable lever 5 for
manually unlocking the door in the case of an electric shutdown of
the local feeder. A locking pin 6 fully retracts upon upwardly
actuation of the lever 5 to permit the opening of the door.
The locking mechanism of the electromagnetic door lock of the
invention is best seen in FIG. 2 which illustrates an exploded view
of such mechanism.
The locking device 1 is constituted of a housing 7 made of aluminum
or any suitable material and to which is secured by welding or any
other methods a hollow cylindrical metallic member 8 which is
provided, for maximum rigidity, with a rim 9 at one end, this rim
being attached to the housing 7. The locking pin 6 slides freely
through the member 8. This member 8 is also provided with two bores
extending each along almost the entire length of the member 8.
These two bores are in alignment with each other and substantially
following the longitudinal axis of the housing 2 and their width is
such as to permit the insertion therein of a pin actuating member
10. The member 10 extends through the pin 6 and has one end
attached, mechanically or otherwise, to a plunger 11 of a first
magnetic actuator 12 and the other end to a plunger 13 of a second
magnetic actuator 12'. The first and second actuators are
preferably solenoids. Thus, the member 10 is driven by one or the
other of the solenoids each time one of the latters is energized.
The full operation of the locking device will be hereafter
described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6.
A lever 5 extending through the member 10 permits to drive the pin
6 inwardly and thereby to manually unlock the door, in case
primarily of a failure of the local electrical supply. This lever 5
could be advantageously mounted at the point linking the plunger 13
to the member 10, the lever extending through a groove 14 pierced
into the housing 7. It is to be understood that any other location
of the lever 5 as long as it performs the manual operation of
driving lever 10 to the unlock position may be effected.
Whenever, the pin 6 is in the lock position, that is when the lever
10 after having been attracted by the solenoid 12' through the
plunger 13, and at its lowest position, a switch 16, preferably of
the micro-switch type, is closed by means of a metallic wire 16' to
energize a lamp 26 (FIG. 3) for indicating that the door is
actually locked.
The lever 10 and the pin 6 through which the lever extends have
been, following a preferred embodiment, particularly designed so as
to provide a reliable and full-proof locking condition.
To keep the pin 6 in the unlock position, that is fully inwardly
retracted, there is provided a pair of permanent magnets 17 and 19
which prevent the member 10 from falling by gravitation and then
unlock the door. For this purpose the magnet 17 is fixed onto the
body of the solenoid 12 through a mounting member 18 while the
magnet 19, in operating alignment with magnet 17 is fixed to the
plunger 11 of solenoid 12 by means of a mounting member 20.
Obviously, the coercive force of each magnet has only to be
sufficient to overcome the gravitational force acting on the member
10 and the plungers 11 and 13 and must not go beyond the actuating
force of the solenoid 12' on the plunger 13, to be effective. Of
course, these permanent magnets are necessary only when the locking
device is vertically installed, since when horizontally installed,
said gravitational force becomes uneffectual.
FIG. 3 shows an electrical diagram for actually operating the
locking device illustrated in FIG. 2. A voltage source working at
the industrial frequency is connected across the input or primary
winding of a step-down voltage transformer T. The secondary winding
of the transformer T is connected to a switch S which is preferably
of the make-and-break type. When the switch S is pressed upwardly,
a current flows through conductive leads 21 and 22, the solenoid 12
and through a return lead 23, thereby unlocking the door.
Conversely, when the switch S is pressed downwardly, a current
flows through conductive leads 21 and 24, the solenoid 12' and a
return lead 23, thereby locking the door. A permanent indication of
the lock condition of the door is obtained by means of a lamp 26
which is energized each time the switch 16 is closed owing to a
current flowing through lead 25 which is tapped at mid-point of the
secondary winding of the transformer T. It is to be noted that all
the devices located within the dotted rectangular box shown in FIG.
3 are mounted in the housing 7 while the other elements such as the
switch S the transformer T and the lamp are remotely located.
The operation of the electromagnetic locking device in accordance
with the invention will now be given with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6
of the drawings. As it can be readily observed from these figures,
the particular shape of the member 10 and of the locking pin 6
allows to conceive the locking device of the invention in a very
simple but efficient way, with a minimum of elements. The member 10
may be constituted of four sections, segments, or portions, two of
which indicated by A and C respectively, are vertical but
extrapolated and joined by a section or segment B which makes an
angle of about 30.degree. to 60.degree. with the latters. Section D
which is at right angle with section or portion C allows proper
alignment of the plunger 13 with the plunger 11 for a maximum of
operational efficiency and for reducing the cumbersomeness of the
locking device. Preferably, the cross section of each section is
rectangular and similar. Of course, all these sections are made
into a single piece as illustrated. This guiding member 10 is
inserted into a groove or passage 27 made in the locking pin 6 for
driving the same at the required position. As is apparent from the
drawing, the groove or passage 27 includes a pair of parallel
inclined surfaces which are aligned with the inclined segment B of
the guiding member. As is also apparent from the drawing, the
passage also includes a vertical surface 28 which joins one of the
inclined surfaces. At the unlock position (FIG. 4), the locking pin
6 is fully retracted and the guiding member 10 is prevented from
gravitationally falling by the permanent magnets 17 and 19. As soon
as the switch S (FIG. 3) is pressed downwardly, the solenoid 12' is
energized and the plunger 13 pulls back the guiding member 10 which
drives outwardly the locking pin 6 being, then, slidably moved
along segment B of the member 10 as shown in FIG. 5. The pin 6
reaches the lock position when the plunger 13 is fully retracted
into the solenoid 12', as shown in FIG. 6. It is to be noted that
maximum security is obtained by having the section A of the guiding
member partially overlapping and in abutment against the vertically
disposed grooved surface 28 of the locking pin 6.
Furthermore, the above-described electromagnetic locking device is
mounted perfectly flush with the jamb of a door by means of a
linking plate 29 joining the front of the housing 7 to the door
jamb by means, for instance, of flat-headed screws 30 and 31.
While a preferred embodiment of the invention has been illustrated
and described, it will be understood that changes in the
construction may be made within the scope of the appended claims
without departing from the spirit of the invention.
* * * * *