U.S. patent number 3,893,628 [Application Number 05/458,588] was granted by the patent office on 1975-07-08 for spray head.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Alsons Corporation. Invention is credited to James A. McCollum.
United States Patent |
3,893,628 |
McCollum |
July 8, 1975 |
Spray head
Abstract
A spray head particularly suited for showers and having a
plurality of discharge orifices in which the orifice axes are
parallel, the orifices or a selected group of orifices provided
with angular deflecting surfaces so arranged that the orifices or
the selected group of orifices have D-shaped exits which are so
oriented that the spray jets produce a predetermined conical spray
pattern rather than coaxially disposed spray jets tending to
produce a spray pattern which is essentially cylindrical.
Inventors: |
McCollum; James A. (Hillsdale,
MI) |
Assignee: |
Alsons Corporation (Somerset,
MI)
|
Family
ID: |
23821365 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/458,588 |
Filed: |
April 8, 1974 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
239/521; 239/559;
239/601; 239/593 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B05B
1/185 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B05B
1/18 (20060101); B05b 001/26 (); B05b 001/18 () |
Field of
Search: |
;239/461,499,502,504,521-524,548,558,559,567,592,593,596,601,443 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Ward, Jr.; Robert S.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Lyon & Lyon
Claims
I claim:
1. A spray head, adapted to be placed over means forming a water
distribution cavity for discharge of water therefrom, the spray
head comprising:
a. a disk member;
b. a plurality of discharge bores formed in the disk member;
c. a set of deflector means within selected bores adjacent the exit
ends thereof, each deflector means forming with the remaining
portion of the corresponding bore an asymmetrical discharge
orifice; said deflecting means directing angularly a portion of the
water passing through the bore to cause impingement thereof against
the remaining water passing in the bore as it issues from the
discharge orifice to deflect the resulting water jet in angular
relation to the axis of the corresponding bore; the set of
discharge means being relatively oriented and so proportioned as to
cause the water jets to produce a preselected spray pattern.
2. A spray head as defined in claim 1, wherein:
a. the discharge orifices having said deflector means are
D-shaped.
3. A spray head as defined in claim 1, wherein:
a. the disk member defines essentially a spherical zone.
4. A spray head as defined in claim 1, wherein:
a. the disk member includes a marginal rim; and the rim as well as
the area surrounded by the rim are provided with discharge
bores.
5. A spray head as defined in claim 1, wherein:
a. each bore is cylindrical and each deflector means includes a
deflecting surface within the corresponding bore in angular
relation to the axis of the bore.
6. A spray head as defined in claim 5, wherein:
a. the deflecting surface defines an angle in the order of
91/2.degree..
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to a spray head intended
primarily, but not limited to use in bathing showers. It is
preferred that the spray pattern from such spray heads be conical
rather than cylindrical, and also that at any given distance from
the spray head, the spray jets are uniformly spaced. Ideally, this
may be accomplished by shaping the spray head surface to form a
spherical zone and arranging the orifices in radiating relation
from a common center.
To produce smooth jets from such orifices would require that the
mold cores forming such orifices be disposed in radiating relation
from a common center; this is virtually impossible, or at least too
costly. An approach to this has been made by providing conical
orifices radiating from a common center, but fixing the mold cores
so as to move in parallel axes. If this is done a conical spray
pattern is accomplished; however, molds so constructed produce
orifice openings which are ragged to the extent that the spray
pattern is not uniformly distributed. In fact, only a few of say,
60 orifice need be ragged to produce an irregular pattern; even one
orifice producing a misdirected jet could spoil the spray
pattern.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to a spray head which overcomes
the problem indicated and is summarized in the following
objects:
First, to provide a spray head having a contour defining
essentially a spherical zone in which the orifices or a selected
group of orifices have deflector faces so arranged that the axes of
the orifice bores are parallel; but the water issuing from the
orifices produce a predetermined divergent spray pattern.
Second, to provide a spray head, as indicated in the preceeding
object, in which the orifices, or a selected group of orifices have
exit ends which are D-shaped and so oriented that the resulting
spray jets not only produce the desired divergent paths, but also
the water in each jet diverges increasing the size of each jet,
this being accomplished without producing irregularities in the jet
pattern.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a fragmentary sectional view of a typical hand held spray
head housing showing the spray head edgewise.
FIG. 2 is a greatly enlarged fragmentary bottom view of the spray
head taken from 2--2 of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a greatly enlarged fragmentary sectional view of the
spray head illustrating two of the spray orifices.
FIG. 4 is a further enlarged fragmentary sectional view of the exit
portion of a spray orifice with arrows indicating the flow pattern
of a jet issuing from the orifice.
FIG. 5 is an end view of the orifice shown in FIG. 4.
FIG. 6 is a fragmentary sectional view corresponding to FIG. 3
showing adjacent portions of the die for casting the spray
head.
FIG. 7 is an enlarged sectional view corresponding to FIG. 3
showing a conventional form of a spray discharge orifice.
The spray head is mounted on a conventional spray head housing
fitted on a spray outlet or formed at one end of a conventional
hand held spray device. The latter type of housing designated 1 is
indicated fragmentarily in FIG. 1 and includes an inlet 2 extending
through the handle which intersects a distributor cavity 3 having a
central boss 4. The distributor cavity 3 is circular and provided
with a counterbore 5 which receives an O-ring 6.
The spray head includes a spray head disk 7 having a rim 8 which
fits within the counterbore 5 and a marginal flange 9 which
overlies the O-ring 6. The spray head disk 7 is provided with a
central opening which receives a central fastening means 10 such as
a screw which is secured in the central boss 4.
The spray head disk is provided with a plurality of cylindrical
bores 11, the axis of which are in parallel relation. The bores are
arranged in circular sets. One set may extend through the rim
8.
Each bore or a selected set of bores is provided at its discharged
end with a beveled face 12 so that the exit orifice is D-shaped as
indicated by 13.
Referring particularly to FIGS. 4 and 5, the width of the oriface
is designated X. The portion of the oriface which is closed by the
beveled face is designated Y and the slope of the beveled face is
designated Z.
Operation of the spray head is as follows:
Water flowing outwardly through a bore 11 would normally continue
axially therefrom with such deflection as might occur by reason of
the force of gravity. The beveled face 11 causes a portion of the
water to be deflected angularly which has the net effect of
directing the issuing jet as a whole in an angular direction with
respect to the axis of the bore. The amount of such deflection
depends upon the size of the angle Z. It has been found that an
angle of 9.degree. 30' is an optimum angle. This angle may be
constant for all of the spray outlets or may vary, for example, a
lesser angle for the central outlets and a greater angle for the
peripheral outlets.
As shown particularly in FIGS. 4 and 5, if the width of Y is
increased the percentage of total angular flow is increased with
the result that more deflected water impinges on the axially
flowing water increasing the resulting divergent path of the jet;
conversely reducing the width of Y, reduces the divergence of the
jet. The increase in width of Y may be accomplished by extending
the length of the triangle identified by the angle z or by changing
the extent of angle z. Thus, the jets may be so prearranged as to
produce any desired pattern or density distribution.
As shown in FIG. 2, the beveled faces 12 are located at the
radially inner sides of the bores in order to produce a divergent
spray pattern. It is preferred that the surface of the spray head
disk 7 define a spherical zone, however, the desired spray pattern
may be obtained if the disk were flat.
Reference is directed to FIG. 6. As previously indicated the bores
11 are disposed in parallel relation, thus their core pins 14 are
in parallel relation. Thus, the core pins may be fixed in the mold
block 15 which forms the backside of the spray head disk. Or if
desired, the core pins may be fixed to a common mounting plate, not
shown, so as to be simultaneously withdrawn. The axially outer ends
of the core pins abut the mold block 16 which casts the front side
of the head disk 7. To maintain contact with the front mold block,
the core pins 14 may be spring loaded or hydraulically loaded.
Alternatively, and preferably, the core pins 14 are fixed in place
and in order that their outer ends be perfectly matched to the
surface of the front mold block 16. Their extremities may be ground
by use of a disk shaped to match the concave surface of the mold
block 16 and the use of a fine grinding matrix. It has been found
that the D-shaped exit ends 13 may be formed free of any
irregularities which would cause the jet streams or portions
thereof to deviate from the intended pattern.
Reference is made to FIG. 7. Attempts have been made to produce a
diverging spray pattern by providing a spray head disk 17 having a
spherical zone contour and providing bores 18 which are conical and
the axes of which are normal to the surface of the disk 17. In
order to form these bores, it is necessary that the cores define
axes which diverge outwardly. If this is done, there is relative
side movement when the part is withdrawn from the core pins. This
side movement renders it extremely difficult to extract the part
without damaging the surface of the bores, particularly at the
orifice ends as a result, the spray pattern is irregular.
Having fully described my invention it is to be understood that I
am not to be limited to the details herein set forth, but that my
invention is of the full scope of the appended claims.
* * * * *