U.S. patent number 3,892,290 [Application Number 05/506,254] was granted by the patent office on 1975-07-01 for boat ladder.
Invention is credited to Irving M. Lang.
United States Patent |
3,892,290 |
Lang |
July 1, 1975 |
Boat ladder
Abstract
The invention discloses a collapsible marine boarding ladder
having an articulated upper and lower ladder section. A platform
between the two connected ladder sections provides a supplemental
support surface useful for off-boat water activities. The platform
is hinged to permit the lower ladder section to be pivotally raised
and folded adjacent the upper ladder section. A stand-off is
included and can be optionally used for accommodation of the ladder
to a boat hull.
Inventors: |
Lang; Irving M. (Tenafly,
NJ) |
Family
ID: |
24013843 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/506,254 |
Filed: |
September 16, 1974 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
182/22; 182/118;
182/163; 182/206 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E06C
1/52 (20130101); B63B 27/146 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
E06C
1/52 (20060101); B63B 27/14 (20060101); B63B
27/00 (20060101); E06C 1/00 (20060101); E06c
001/36 (); E06c 001/383 () |
Field of
Search: |
;182/163,164,206,116,117,118,95,96,91,90,22,23,33.2 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Machado; Reinaldo P.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Natter & Natter, Esqs.
Claims
Having thus described the invention, it is claimed as new and
desired to be secured by Letters Patent:
1. A portable marine ladder securable to a boat deck or hulland
extendible along the side of the hull for boarding or disembarking,
said ladder comprising an upper ladder section having plural spaced
foot rungs extending between two parallel stiles, attachment means
on the upper ladder section for suspending the ladder downwardly
toward the water surface, a lower ladder section having plural
spaced foot rungs extending between two stiles, platform means
connected to said upper and lower ladder sections for providing a
substantially horizontal support surface between the upper and
lower ladder sections, said platform having a transverse width
greater than the width of the ladder rungs wherein the platform
defines a bottom rung of the upper ladder section and a coincident
top rung of the lower ladder section, said platform further being
positionable into a substantially horizontal orientation projecting
outwardly away from the hull and having an open space thereabove
and adjacent the upper ladder section with the upper ladder section
and the lower ladder section each being in distinct substantially
vertical planes horizontally spaced a distance approximating the
transverse width of the platform when the ladder is extended to
provide a landing for standing or resting during ascent or descent
from the boat.
2. A portable marine ladder as claimed in claim 1, further
including hinge means for permitting pivotal movement between the
ladder sections, with the lower ladder section being optionally
foldable against the upper ladder section for compatible alignment
between the respective stiles and rungs of said sections whereby
the boat ladder is functional in either of the extended or folded
modes.
3. A portable marine ladder as claimed in claim 2, including
stand-off means for accommodating the ladder sections to the boat
hull, said stand-off means being selectively deployable to provide
substantially vertical ladder alignment for ease in climbing.
4. A portable marine ladder as claimed in claim 2, including a
bipartite platform wherein the top rung of the lower ladder section
defines a first component of the platform and the bottom rung of
the upper ladder section defines a second coplanar component of the
platform, and the hinge means defines a longitudinal hinge axis
coincident with the juncture between said components.
5. A portable marine ladder as claimed in claim 4, wherein the
corresponding pairs of stiles from the upper and lower ladder
sections respectively from above and below the platform frame into
the platform on either side of the hinge axis and selectively
permit swingable displacement of the lower ladder section about the
hinge axis with the respective platform components being in
confronting relationship in the folded mode.
6. A portable marine ladder as claimed in claim 5, wherein the
transverse width of the platform components, when the ladder is in
the folded mode, is greater than the transverse width of the rungs
on either the upper or lower ladder sections.
7. A portable marine ladder as claimed in claim 4, wherein the
second platform component has a greater transverse width than the
first platform component to thereby provide clearance for the first
component and lower ladder section when in the folded mode.
8. A portable marine ladder as claimed in claim 2, including a
unitary platform with said platform being pivotally connected at
opposed ends thereof, respectively, to the upper ladder section and
the lower ladder section.
9. A portable marine ladder as claimed in claim 8, wherein the
platform is swingable about the pivotal connection to the upper
ladder section and movable adjacent to the rungs of the upper
ladder section, and the lower ladder section is swingably
displaceable upwardly and in confronting relationship to the upper
ladder section when in the folded mode.
10. A portable marine ladder as claimed in claim 8, wherein the
spacing between the stiles of the upper ladder section is greater
than the spacing between the stiles of the lower ladder section,
whereby the lower ladder section is foldable adjacent the upper
section with the corresponding stiles of the respective ladder
sections being juxtaposed.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates generally to boat ladders and especially to
portable marine boarding ladders which are collapsible.
In particular, the device of this invention is concerned with a
foldable boat ladder adapted to be suspended from a deck or side of
a hull for facilitating access into and egress from the boat.
Additionally, this invention is directed to a ladder which includes
an intermediate platform providing an auxiliary support surface
which can be used for off-boat swimming and other purposes.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
The ever increasing popularity of water sports and, in particular,
pleasure boating has created the need for a convenient to use and
relatively safe ladder device for boarding and disembarking from
watercraft. Boat access is also of special concern to those wishing
to engage in off-shore water activities such as swimming, diving,
water skiing and related water sports. Although a number of
different types of boarding ladders are currently available, these
ladders do not combine the features or advantages of this
invention.
The conventional foldable boarding ladders are of the
"straight-leg" construction and do not provide a supplemental
support surface. These prior art ladders are designed to have a
continuous or "straight" handrail when the ladder is extended.
Furthermore, these ladders have steps which are relatively narrow
in width and lie adjacent the topside with little clearance, and it
is therefore difficult to obtain more than a toehold for climbing
rather than a firm, secure foothold.
Another disadvantage of presently known marine boarding ladders
involves their use for off-shore transfer from another boat or
dinghy. The problem of maneuvering the vessels into contact or
close proximity and the problem of being able to reach the lower
ladder steps may be formidable especially in choppy or rough
waters. The instant ladder invention avoids these shortcomings
because the ladder construction displaces the lower ladder away
from the hull by the approximate width of the support surface. The
lower ladder section can itself serve as a mooring during the
transfer, and the projecting ladder rungs will be within easy
grasp.
The supplement support surface previously mentioned is provided by
an intermediate platform integral with the ladder, which can be
used as a step or seat and can serve as a place to rest during
ascent or descent.
A further advantage of the present boat ladder is that the platform
can function as a diving board and will also provide a ledge for
resting after climbing out of the water.
The swimmming or fishing platforms which are now known are of the
type requiring a permanent installation and are generally attached
to the transom or other part of the hull. These devices do not
combine a ladder as in the instant invention, nor do they provide
portability and compactness for on board stowage. Additionally,
such platforms are subject to damage during docking maneuvers,, and
principally because of esthetic and hydrodynamic reasons, such
installations are found unacceptable to sailboat owners. These same
disadvantages also apply to the fixed ladder appurtenances.
It should thus be apparent that the boat ladder of this invention
overcomes many of the disadvantages of the previous ladder devices
and furthermore provides safe, convenient access to and from
watercraft.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Briefly, this invention is directed to an improved portable marine
ladder which is collapsible to permit compact stowage on board. The
ladder device also incorporates a platform being of greater width
than the ladder rungs, the purpose of which is to provide an
auxiliary support surface for off-boat water activities.
Additionally, the platform is functionally useful in facilitating
access to and egress from a boat.
The ladder apparatus is comprised of at least two articulated
ladder sections hingedly connected at the platform which is
intermediate to the sections. A ladder section above the platfore
is releasably securable to the side of the hull or the edge of the
deck. A lower ladder section is extendible below the platform and
is spaced from the hull a distance approximating the width of the
platform. This displacement of the lower ladder section is
particularly advantageous for off-shore boarding, as from a dinghy,
and also protects the hull from contact with the ladder section
which may scratch or mar the surface.
Another feature of this ladder device is that the extended lower
ladder section can be raised or retracted manually to a folded
position and counterbalanced adjacent the upper ladder section.
Accordinly, the extended length of the ladder can be adjusted to
the freeboard, and the ladder does not have to be pulled on deck or
removed when running the boat.
An important feature of the ladder apparatus resides in the
swingable stand-off which is included and which may be deployed in
accordance with the hull contour of the particular vessel such that
the ladder may be positioned in a generally vertical orientation.
The stand-off also provides added stability to the ladder.
It should be apparent that the instant invention provides a
foldable ladder which is versatile in use and adaptable for use
with many different types of watercraft.
Having thus summarized the invention, it will be seen that an
object thereof is to provide a boat ladder of the general character
described herein.
Specifically, it is an object of this invention to provide a
portable boat ladder having plural ladder sections articulated to
permit collapsible folding action.
It is also an object of this invention to provide a boat ladder
having an auxiliary support surface intermediate the ladder section
and suitable for off-boat water activities.
A further object of this invention is to provide a foldable boat
ladder which, when extended, has a lower ladder section offset from
the boat hull for facilitating access thereto during off-shore
transfer.
Another object of this invention is to provide a boat ladder which
is foldable for compactness and on-board stowage.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a boat
ladder with an upper and a lower ladder section having compatible
foot rung alignment when folded to permit functional use in either
the extended or folded mode.
Yet another object of this invention is to provide a boat ladder
adaptable for mounting on different types of boats and including a
stand-off swingably deployable to contact the hull surface for
providing vertical alignment and stability to the boat ladder.
The above and other objects, features and advantages of this
invention will be apparent from the following description of the
preferred embodiment when considered in connection with the
accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the accompanying drawings, in which are shown the preferred
embodiments of the invention:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the boat ladder of this invention
and shows the ladder as secured to the side of a boat hull
including the auxiliary support surface;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the boat ladder of this invention
in the extended mode showing in detail an upper ladder section, a
lower ladder section, an intermediate platform, and a swingable
stand-off in its deployed position;
FIG. 3 is a sectional plan view to a slightly enlarged scale taken
along line 3--3 of FIG. 2 and shows a plan view of the platform and
stand-off which is hingedly affixed to the platform; a hinge axis
is shown as being transverse through the platform and dividing the
platform into two components;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the boat ladder of this invention
with the lower ladder section being folded in the raised position
showing the complementary alignment between the upper and lower
ladder sections which permit functional use in either the extended
or folded modes; additionally, the broken line view illustrates the
pivotal movement of the lower ladder section;
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal side elevational view of the folded boat
ladder suspended along the side of a hull with the lower section
counterbalanced in the raised position;
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal side elevational view of the extended boat
ladder secured to the side of a hull without deployment of the
stand-off and the platform above water level;
FIG. 7 is a side elevational view of the boat ladder of this
invention shown fully extended and secured to a typical sailboat,
the platform being shown at the water level to permit off-boat
water activities and to facilitate access into and egree from the
boat; the stand-off is also shown in its deployed position to
compensate for the hull contour and to permit vertical alignment
and ladder stability;
FIG. 2A is a perspective view of a modified embodiment of the boat
ladder of this invention in the extended mode showing in detail, an
upper ladder section, a lower ladder section, an intermediate
platform, and a swingable stand-off;
FIG. 3A is a longitudinal side elevational view of the modified
boat ladder in the extended mode as secured to the side of a
boat;
FIG. 4A is a longitudinal side elevational view of the alternate
boat ladder in the folded mode; and
FIG. 5A is a front elevational view of the alternate boat ladder in
the folded mode.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring now in detail to the drawings, the reference numeral 10
denotes generally the boat ladder of this invention. The ladder 10
as shown in the preferred embodiment is comprised of an upper
ladder section 12, a lower ladder section 14, and an intermediate
platform 16. Additional ladder sections and platforms may be
included and are considered within the purview of this
invention.
The upper ladder section 12 includes a plurality of uniform steps
or foot rungs 18 which extend between two parallel stiles 20, 22.
The stiles 20, 22 support the rungs 18 and further function as
handrails which may be grasped when boarding or descending from a
boat 23. In order to prevent damaging contact with the side of the
hull 25, the contacting surface portions of the stiles 20, 22 are
minimized by projecting surfaces or bumpers 24, 26, 28, 30 which
can be covered with cushioning material. Additionally, hand
openings 32, 34 serve as handles for moving or carrying the ladder
10. The ladder 10 is adapted to be suspended along the hull, stern
or bow of the boat, and, accordingly, ladder hooks 36, 38 are
provided on the upper ladder section 12 and are engageable with
ladder eyes 15, 17 affixed to the edge or side of a boat deck
19.
The lower ladder 14 is similarly constructed and has two parallel
stiles 40, 42 a plurality of uniform steps or foot rungs 44, and
two hand openings 45, 47. It should be noted that in the
illustrated embodiment the lower ladder section 14 had four rungs
44, whereas the upper ladder section 12 is provided with three
rungs 18. The total number of rungs thus provided, the spacing
between the rungs, the width between the stiles and other
structural features of this nature can be varied in accordance with
the particular use or application for the boat ladder 10, However,
it should be further noted that an advantageous feature of the boat
ladder 10 is that the corresponding rungs 18 and 44 and the stiles
20, 40 and 22, 42 are designed for complementary alignment when
folded as shown in FIG. 4 and 5.
The uppermost rung of the lower ladder section 14 and the lowermost
rung of the upper ladder section 12 form corresponding components
46, 48 of the platform 16. These components 46, 48 are joined along
a hinge axis 50 and are pivotally held together by hinge plates 52,
54. The transverse width of the components 46, 48 are each greater
than the transverse width of either rungs 18 or 44. Furthermore,
the width of component 48 is greater than the width of component
46, as can be observed from FIG 3, thereby permitting nestable
folding as shown in FIG. 4. When the boat ladder 10 is in the
extended position, as shown in FIG. 2, the components 46, 48 are
coplanar and form a rigid support surface which can be used as a
ledge or seat either for off-boat swimming activities or for
facilitating boarding or descending from the boat. Additionally,
this ladder 10 can serve for emergency boat repair purposes wherein
the platform 16 provides a work area.
When the lower section 14 is raised as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the
component 46 is positioned overlapping and slightly above component
48, however component 46 still may serve in its capacity as a
platform; and since the rungs 44, 18 are in compatible alignment,
the ladder 10 is functional in the folded mode.
The lower ladder section 14 is raised by being swung about the
hinge axis 50 and is counterbalanced or gravitationally urged
against the upper section 12 because the hinge plates 52, 54 are
aligned so that the components 46, 48 will be canted when in the
overlapping folded mode as shown in FIG. 5 and the complementary
stiles 20, 40 and 22, 42 will be in abutment. As a further safety
precaution, when the ladder 10 is in the folded mode, these
previously mentioned stiles can also be secured as by conventional
fastening means 56.
It should thus be apparent that the lower ladder section 14 can be
raised in accordance with the freeboard, and when it is desired to
run the boat without removing the ladder or pulling same on
deck.
Another feature of this invention relates to the provision which
permits this ladder to be readily accommodatable to the boat hull
contour. For instance, the hull contour between a sailboat and a
motor cruiser will vary significantly, and accordingly the boat
ladder 10 of this invention has been provided with a stand-off 58
which is hingedly attached to the platform 16 as shown in FIGS. 2
and 3. The stand-off 58 is designed for a maximum strength and
minimum weight, and therefore an open frame 60 is used and
pivotally attached as by hinges 62, 64 to the platform 16. The
frame can also be adjustable or telescopically expandible for
universal application. In order to prevent marring of the hull
finish, rubber or neoprene bumpers 66 are fixed to the edge of the
frame 60 which contacts the hull surface. When not deployed, the
stand-off 58 may be secured to the upper ladder section 12 with
snap-fit fasteners 68 having receiving recesses 70. When needed,
the stand-off 58 can be released and swingably displaced as shown
in FIG. 7 wherein the ladder 10 can be suspended from a sailboat
and positioned in a generally vertical alignment with added
stability provided by abutment of frame 60 against the hull
surface.
The boat ladder 10 is preferably fabricated from wood such as teak,
fiberglass, aluminum or molded plastic, although other conventional
marine structural materials may be used. The platform 16 is
constructed with an open grid to permit water drainage and to
reduce the overall weight of the ladder. When the ladder 10 is
collapsed in the folded position, it provides for compact stowage
on board. The support surfaces of the rungs 18, 44 and platform 16
are preferable coated with a non-skid material for providing
greater friction and added safety.
An alternate embodiment of the boat ladder previously described is
shown in FIGS. 2A-5A, wherein like reference numerals are used to
represent corresponding elements.
A modified boat ladder 10a is comprised of an upper ladder section
12a, a lower ladder section 14a, and an intermediate platform 16a.
The ladder 10a also has a stand-off 58a pivotally connected to the
platform 16a as shown in FIG. 2A.
A plurality of steps or foot rungs 18a extend between two parallel
stiles 20a, 22a on the upper section 12 a. The lower section 14a
has a plurality of foot rungs 44a between parallel stiles 40a, 42a;
however the stiles 40a, 42a are spaced closer together than stiles
20a, 22a in order to permit nestable folding as illustrated in
FIGS. 4A and 5A.
The platform 16a is hinged at both ends to the stiles 20a, 22a by a
pivot pin 52a extending through the platform and secured in the
stiles 20a, 22a and by a pivot pin 54a similarly extending through
the stiles 40a, 42a, respectively. It should be noted that a
clearance space is provided between the edge of platform 16a and
each of the stiles 20a, 22a in order to accommodate the respective
stiles 40a and 42a when folded. Furthermore, the rugs 44a are
positioned slightly rearwardly between the stiles 20a, 22a to
receive the platform 16a.
A pair of rigid braces or a flexible rope or chain 72, 74 is used
to support the platform 16a when extended, as shown in FIGS. 2A and
3A. It should be apparent that this variant form of the boat ladder
includes the improvements and features of the previously described
embodiment and will provide the aforementioned advantages and
benefits.
In operation, the boat ladder of this invention can be lowered
along the side of the hull and is secured by engaging the ladder
hooks into the ladder eyes which are affixed to the boat. The
ladder can, of course, be used in the conventional manner to permit
boarding from or unloading to docks and dinghies. This ladder,
however, with its platform and offset lower ladder construction,
provides an additional safety feature and an added convenience to
the user. The platform provides a landing for resting packages and
equipment being loaded or unloaded from the boat. The platform also
serves as a ledge with a secure footing and a place where one can
assist those making an off-shore transfer. The offset lower ladder
section is easier to grasp when climbing aboard from or to an
adjacent boat, particularly because the boat can be maneuvered into
close proximity to the ladder rung because of this projection.
It should be obvious that the ladder with the platform described is
suitable for various other purposes and can be used, for instance,
for off-boat swimming, diving, water skiing, emergency boat repair
work, fishing, and sunbathing.
The articulated construction and relative light weight of the boat
ladder is ideal for compact folding and stowage, and further makes
the ladder completely portable.
As other possible embodiments might be made of the present
invention and as various changes might be made in the embodiments
set forth, it is to be understood that all matter herein described
or shown in the accompanying drawings is to be interpreted as
illustrative and not in the limiting sense.
* * * * *