U.S. patent number 3,892,262 [Application Number 05/436,628] was granted by the patent office on 1975-07-01 for slide-fastener stringer half with woven-in coupling element and method of making same.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Opti-Holding AG. Invention is credited to Julius Dahlmann, Gunter Volter.
United States Patent |
3,892,262 |
Dahlmann , et al. |
July 1, 1975 |
Slide-fastener stringer half with woven-in coupling element and
method of making same
Abstract
A set of parallel primary warp filaments are fed to a weaving
location next to a set of parallel secondary filaments with a
coupling element fed in between these two sets. The primary
filaments shed between the two outer levels of a three-level shed,
the coupling element sheds between one of these outer levels and
the central level of the shed, and the secondary filaments shed
between the other outer level and the central level. A pair of weft
filaments are introduced as loops from the side of the shed
corresponding to the secondary warp filaments, each waft filament
being passed between a respective outer level of the warp and the
central level. The free ends of the loops are caught by a picker
and either hooked together, or a binding filament is passed through
them. In this manner the one weft thread has at its inserting side
a bight overlying the coupling element. The primary warp thread
immediately adjacent the coupling element is of heavier weight than
the other primary filaments as is woven oppositely to the coupling
element.
Inventors: |
Dahlmann; Julius (Sprockhovel,
DT), Volter; Gunter (Suppertal, DT) |
Assignee: |
Opti-Holding AG (Glarus,
CH)
|
Family
ID: |
25764595 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/436,628 |
Filed: |
January 25, 1974 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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Jan 27, 1973 [DT] |
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2304011 |
Jul 5, 1973 [DT] |
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2334242 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
139/384B; 24/392;
139/22; 139/116.1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
D03D
1/00 (20130101); A44B 19/54 (20130101); D10B
2501/0631 (20130101); Y10T 24/252 (20150115) |
Current International
Class: |
A44B
19/54 (20060101); A44B 19/42 (20060101); A44b
019/42 () |
Field of
Search: |
;139/20,22,116,384R,384B
;24/25.13C,25.16C |
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Jaudon; Henry S.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Ross; Karl F. Dubno; Herbert
Claims
We claim:
1. A slide-fastener stringer half comprising:
a plurality of primary parallel warp filaments forming a primary
band and a plurality of secondary warp filaments forming a
secondary band extending longitudinally alongside said primary band
and forming therewith an elongated strip;
a continuous synthetic-resin coupling element extending
longitudinally in said strip between said bands;
a first weft filament woven back and forth across the full width of
said strip between said warp filaments; and
a second weft filament woven back and forth across said primary
band and having at the longitudinal edge of said primary band
turned toward said secondary band a plurality of bights looped
around said coupling element and having at the opposite
longitudinal edge of said primary band a plurality of
knitted-together bights.
2. The stringer half defined in claim 1 wherein both of said weft
filaments are formed with loops at the longitudinal edge of said
primary band opposite said edge having said bights, said loops
being interconnected.
3. The stringer half defined in claim 2, further comprising another
warp filament extending through said loops.
4. The stringer half defined in claim 3, further comprising at
least two supplementary warp filaments between the heavy-weight
primary warp filament and said coupling element, said supplementary
filaments being woven in a satin weave.
5. The stringer half defined in claim 2 wherein one of said primary
warp filaments immediately adjacent said coupling element is of
substantially heavier weight than the other primary warp
filaments.
6. The stringer half defined in claim 2 wherein said coupling
element is formed of a synthetic-resin monofilament having a
succession of coupling heads, a succession of connecting portions
joining said heads, and a throughrunning filler cord, said bights
being looped over said coupling element and said filler cord at
said connecting portions.
7. A method of making a slide-fastener stringer half comprising the
steps of:
feeding a set of parallel primary warp filaments to a weaving
location;
feeding a set of parallel secondary warp filaments next to said set
of primary filaments to said location;
feeding an elongated coupling element between said sets to said
location;
periodically shedding said primary warp filaments between outer
levels of a three-level shed;
periodically shedding said coupling element between one of said
outer levels and a central level of said shed;
periodically shedding said secondary warp filaments between the
other outer level and said central level; and
periodically simultaneously inserting a respective weft filament
between a respective outer level and the central level of said
shed.
8. The method defined in claim 7 wherein said weft filaments are
inserted as loops into said shed from the side corresponding to
said secondary warp filaments, said method further comprising the
steps of interconnecting said loops to the side of said shed
opposite said secondary filaments.
9. The method defined in claim 8 wherein said loops are
interconnected by being hooked together into a knit selvage.
10. The method defined in claim 7 wherein said coupling element is
shed in said central level to a position further from said one
level than the position of said secondary warp filaments in said
central level.
11. The method defined in claim 7 wherein said coupling element is
shed into a position in one outer level further from said central
level than the position of said primary warp filament in said one
outer level.
12. The method defined in claim 7 wherein that primary warp
filament closest to said coupling element is of substantially
heavier weight than the other primary warp filaments, this
heavy-weight primary warp filament being woven oppositely to said
coupling element.
13. A method of making a slide-fastener stringer half comprising
the steps of:
forming a warp comprising a set of parallel primary warp filaments,
a set of parallel secondary warp filaments next to said primary
warp filaments, and an elongated coupling element between said
sets;
repeatedly inserting a first weft filament across all of said warp
filaments;
repeatedly inserting a second weft filament across said primary
filaments and said coupling element only; and
looping bights of said second weft filament over said coupling
element on each insertion of said second weft filament.
Description
1. FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a slide-fastener stringer half.
More particularly this invention relates to a stringer half having
a woven in coupling element and a method of making such a stringer
half.
2. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
A slide fastener is customarily formed of a pair of stringer halves
each of which comrpises a support tape to whose longitudinal edge
is secured a coupling element. A slider can be slid along the two
stringer halves to interleave the two coupling elements so as to
close the fastener, and can be slid in the other direction so as to
separate the two halves.
In one particularly advantageous type of slide fastener, the
coupling element is woven into the stringer half and a
longitudinally extending flap is formed on the stringer half which
customarily underlies this coupling element. In this manner as the
fastener is closed, the likelihood that an object, such as an
undergarment, can get caught in the fastener is greatly reduced,
since the coupling element is not exposed on one side. In addition
such a flap is sometimes used over top of the slide fastener
coupling element so as to cover this element and make a slide
fastener of the so-called invisible type.
One of the principal disadvantages of such a fastener is that it
has been found very difficult to join the coupling element securely
to the support tape along a longitudinal line inwardly of one of
the edges of this tape. In one known embodiment, for example,
several warp threads serve to secure the coupling element to the
tape. It is also known to simply weave the coupling element right
into the support tape, with some of the weft threads overlying the
coupling element and securing it to the surface of the tape.
In both such arrangements, and in other arrangements of a similar
type, the coupling element is insufficiently strongly secured to
the tape. An example of this is in a zipper-type boot or a suitcase
having a slide fastener, since the fastener is frequently stressed
considerably transversely to the longitudinal direction of the
fastener. Thus it is a frequent occurrence in such articles for the
slide fastener to be torn apart, with the coupling element being
ripped free of its support tape.
3. OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an
improved slide-fastener stringer half.
Another object of this invention is to provide an improved method
of making the slide-fastener stringer half.
A further object is to provide a slide-fastener stringer half
having an integral coupling element, and a method of making this
stringer half so that it overcomes the above-given
disadvantages.
4. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
These objects are attained according to the present invention in a
slide-fastener stringer half formed of a plurality of parallel
primary warp filaments which form a primary band and a plurality of
secondary warp elements forming a secondary band extending
longitudinally alongside the primary band and forming therewith an
elongated strip. A continuous synthetic-resin coupling element of
the coil or meander type extends longitudinally along the strip
between the bands. A first weft filament is woven back and forth
across the full width of the band between the warp filaments in
customary fashion. A second weft filament is woven back and forth
across the primary band only and has at that longitudinal edge of
the primary band turned toward the secondary band a plurality of
bights which are looped around the coupling element. This second
weft filament and the first weft filament both have at the other
longitudinal edge of the primary band a plurality of bights which
are knitted together.
This arrangement is extremely strong, since the coupling element is
secured along its full length by a filament that extends the full
width of the support tape to one side of the coupling element, with
bights of this filament looped over the coupling element so as to
hold it securely and strongly in place. The knitting-together of
the two weft elements at the inner edge of the support tape or
strips also stabilizes these filaments considerably so that if one
of them is broken the entire tape is not likely to fall apart.
In accordance with another feature of this invention that primary
warp filament lying directly next to the coupling element is of
larger diameter than the other primary warp filament and is woven
into the support tape oppositely to the coupling element, so that
when the stringer half is woven the thicker primary filament will
always be to the opposite side of the shed as the coupling
element.
According to another feature of this invention the primary band is
further formed with a longitudinally extending filament along its
edge opposite to the edge under the coupling element, this filament
being knitted through the bights of both the weft filaments along
this edge. Thus the support tape has a conventional woven selvage
at the edge adapted to be turned toward another such edge of
another stringer half, and at its other edge has a knitted
selvage.
According to still another feature of this invention this
slide-fastener stringer half is made by feeding a plurality of
primary warp filaments as a set next to a similar set comprised of
a plurality of parallel secondary warp filaments to a weaving
location, and feeding an elongated continuous coupling elements
between these two sets to the location. Just upstream of the
location these sets and the coupling element are periodically
divided into a three-level shed. The set of primary warp filaments
is shed between the two outer levels of the shed, and the coupling
element and the set of secondary warp filaments are each shed only
between a respective outer level and the central level. A pair of
weft filaments is simultaneously inserted between respective outer
levels and the central level. Thereafter the weave is beaten up in
the conventional manner. In this arrangement one of the weft
filaments extends all the way across the shed when it is pulled
tight and the other weft filament extends only as far as the
coupling element, as described above. Each weft is fed as a loop
through its respective section of the shed, and a picker is
provided at the far side of the shed to catch these ends and knit
them together as the shed is changed and before the weft is pulled
tight.
According to another feature of the method according to the present
invention the warp filament at the edge of primary warp filaments
toward the set of secondary warp filaments is of substantially
heavier weight than the other primary warp filaments and is always
shed across from the coupling element. In this manner this heavier
thread or filament reinforces the tape and protects the weft
filaments securing the coupling element to the tape.
According to yet another feature of this invention the coupling
element has a plurality of connecting bights which extend between
separate teeth of this coupling element, and a filler cord extends
longitudinally through the coupling element. The bights of the
second weft filament, that filament securing the coupling element
to the tape, are each looped around this filling thread and a
respective connecting portion.
5. DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
The above and other objects, features, and advantages of the
invention will become more readily apparent from the following
description, reference being made to the accompanying drawing in
which:
FIGS. 1 and 2 are plan partially schematic views of two
configurations of slide-fastener coupling stringer halves according
to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a similar view, in larger scale of another configuration
in accordance with this invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross section through a stringer as shown in FIG.
3;
FIG. 5 is a top view, partly in section of the arrangement shown in
FIG. 4, with some parts removed for clarity;
FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic representation of the shed arrangement for
making a stringer half as shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a loom for making a half as shown
in FIG. 3;
FIG. 8 through 11 are schematic representations indicating the
shedding for the configuration of FIG. 3 in more detail; and
FIG. 12 is a view similar to FIG. 3 illustrating another embodiment
of this invention.
6. SPECIFIC DESCRIPTION
As shown in FIG. 1 a slide-fastener stringer half 10 comprises a
tape C formed by a set of primary warp filaments 11 forming a band
9 and a set of secondary warp filaments 12 forming a band 15 next
to and parallel to the band 9. A first weft filament 13 goes back
and forth between alternate filaments 11 and 12 from one edge of
the tape C to the other.
A coupling element shown schematically at the dot-dash line 14 lies
between the two bands 9 and 15, and another weft filament 16, shown
here as a thin solid line, extends only across the band 9 and is
formed with bights 17 looped over the coupling element 14 and
securing it tightly in position. This weft filament 16 runs with
the weft filament 13 in the band 9.
The tape C is formed at one of the longitudinal edges A with a knit
selvaged edge formed by loops 18 of the filaments 13 and 16 which
are hooked into one another by means of a latch needle 21 as is
known in the art. The other edge B of the tape C is a simple woven
selvage. The weave here being a so-called plain weave, wherein the
weft or filling yarns 13 and 16 pass under and over alternate warp
yarns 11 and 12.
The stringer half 10' shown in FIG. 2 is identical to that shown in
FIG. 1 with like reference numerals being used for like structure.
The sole difference here is that the bights 18' in the weft
filament 16 are not hooked together but are interconnected by a
separate binding thread 19 to form once again a tight, nonraveling
selvage A at this edge of the tape C.
In FIG. 3 reference numerals used in FIGS. 1 and 2 are again used
for identical structure. Here however at the very edge of the warp
set of filaments 11 there is provided a warp filament 68 which is
substantially heavier than the other warp filaments 11 In addition
six further very fine warp filaments 69 are arranged between this
warp filament 68 and the bights 17, four inwardly of the element 14
and two outwardly thereof. These filaments 69 are woven in a three,
one, three pattern, that is every other filament runs under the
entire tape for three weft filaments, then comes up over one and
runs under for three, this being a three-shaft satin type weave.
These filaments 69 therefore form a set 70 of three filaments
overlying the tape, and a similar set underlying the tape, to
protect it from rubbing as the slider goes the length of the
coupling element 14. FIGS. 4 and 5 also show how the coupling
element 14 has a plurality of heads 14' and connecting portions 72,
with a stuffer thread 66 running longitudinally through this
element 14. The bights 17 each are pass around the stuffer thread
66 to hold the coupling element 14 very securely in place on the
tape.
FIGS. 6 through 11 indicate how a slide-fastener stringer half is
woven according to the present invention. The diagrammatic view of
FIG. 6 illustrates how the primary warp filaments 11 are subdivided
into two groups spread across a major shed F.sub.h between an upper
position U.sub.h and a lower position U.sub.t. The sliding
filaments 69 are similarly spread across the major shed F.sub.h
between an upper position B.sub.h and a lower position B.sub.t, and
the reinforcing filament 67 is similarly displaced between an upper
position D.sub.h and a lower position D.sub.t. The secondary warp
filaments 12 are placed between an upper position R.sub.m lying on
a median plane M of the shed F.sub.h and a lower position R.sub.t
adjacent the position B.sub.t, D.sub.t, and U.sub.t. The coupling
element 14 is displaced between a lower position W.sub.t slightly
below the central level M corresponding to position R.sub.m of
filament 12 and an upper position W.sub.h slightly above the
filaments in positions B.sub.h, D.sub.h and U.sub.h. And inserter
23 serves to insert the filament 16 between the upper level F.sub.1
of the shed F.sub.h and the middle level F.sub.2 of the shed.
Another inserter 22 feeds in the yarn 13 between the lower level
F.sub.3 of the shed and the central level thereof. These filaments
are all woven together at the location indicated by reference
numeral 24 in a weaving apparatus indicated by a reference numeral
25.
FIGS. 8 through 11 indicate how the filaments 11 and 67 are
alternated back and forth between the shed F.sub.1 and F.sub.3,
whereas the coupling element 14 is alternated back and forth the
upper level F.sub.1 and the central level F.sub.2 and the warp
filaments 12 are only alternated back and forth between the central
level F.sub.2 and the lower level F.sub.3. The four filaments 69
are also woven back and forth between the level F.sub.1 and
F.sub.3, one up and three down, in a three-shaft satin weave as
described above. The positions of the various filaments in the step
following FIG. 11 would correspond to FIG. 8, the pattern repeating
itself every four threads.
FIG. 7 shows the control arrangement for the inserting needles 22
and 23. The lower needle 22 has an eye 28 through which the
filament 13 is threaded. The upper needle 23 has a flag-like blade
30 formed with an eye 29 and a guide edge 31 for the filament 16,
this blade 30 being inclined downardly relative to the horizontally
oriented loom 25. The two eyes 28 and 29 lie immediately adjacent
one another so that the two filaments 13 and 16 lie very close to
one another.
A shaft 34 is reciprocated parallel to its longitudinal axis by
means of a drive 46 so as to reciprocate the needles in the
direction of double-headed arrow G shown in FIG. 7, thereby
inserting the two filaments 13 and 16 into the shed. These needles
22 and 23 are secured in a support block 35 attached by a pair of
bars 36 and 37 to a block 38 carried on one end of the shaft 34,
screws 64 being provided so as to allow the distance between the
two blocks 35 and 38 to be varied. In addition to longitudinal
reciprocation this shaft 34 is rotated to a limited extent back and
forth about its axis by means of a continuously counter-clockwise
rotating cam disc 40 formed with a groove 39 in which a follower 41
is received. This follower 41 is connected to another linkage of a
variable length 42 and an arm 43 to a yoke 44 on the end of the
shaft 34 opposite the block 38. In this manner the needle 23 after
passage completely through the shed describes a path as shown at
dot-cash line L so that the picker needle 21 can reach through the
loops formed thereby, to allow the two yarns 13 and 16 to be pulled
tight. A supply 47 of a filament 19 being provided for formation of
a tape as shown in FIG. 2.
As shown in FIG. 12 it is also possible to form a slide-fastener
stringer half 10" which is made by means of a shuttle, and in which
the coupling element 14 is woven in as shown at 13' with alternate
filaments.
The arrangement according to the invention forms a slide-fastener
stringer half which is extremely durable. This stringer half has in
effect an integral flap of fabric which extends transversely to one
side of the coupling elements, completely covering and extending
beyond this coupling elment so that the chance of catching an
undergarment or the like in the fastener as it closed is almost
completely eliminated. Furthermore this type of structure is usable
to make a so-called invisible slide fastener, in which case the
longitudinally extending cover flap overlies the coupling
elements.
* * * * *