U.S. patent number 3,889,419 [Application Number 05/392,744] was granted by the patent office on 1975-06-17 for two-way opening door for household refrigerator.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Admiral Corporation. Invention is credited to Leroy Robert Maleck.
United States Patent |
3,889,419 |
Maleck |
June 17, 1975 |
TWO-WAY OPENING DOOR FOR HOUSEHOLD REFRIGERATOR
Abstract
A door for a refrigerator characterized by being capable of
being opened in either a left-handed or a right-handed direction.
The cabinet of the refrigerator has a hinge pin disposed in each
corner of the opening and the door is provided with two bolt
assemblies having a bolt member which is slidable into entrapping
engagement with the hinge pin for the purpose of forming a hinged
mounting adjacent either the left or right hand side of the door.
The door is also provided with a pair of handles disposed on the
right and left hand side of the door each handle engaging the bolt
assemblies to shift the bolts to form the hinge assembly on the
side opposite to the handle that is actuated.
Inventors: |
Maleck; Leroy Robert
(Galesburg, IL) |
Assignee: |
Admiral Corporation (Chicago,
IL)
|
Family
ID: |
23551846 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/392,744 |
Filed: |
August 29, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
49/193; 49/382;
16/232 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E05D
15/505 (20130101); E05Y 2900/31 (20130101); Y10T
16/5285 (20150115); F25D 2323/024 (20130101); F25D
2323/022 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
E05D
15/48 (20060101); E05D 15/50 (20060101); E05d
015/50 () |
Field of
Search: |
;49/193,382 ;16/147 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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|
|
|
|
|
|
448,347 |
|
Jun 1936 |
|
GB |
|
537,775 |
|
Jul 1941 |
|
GB |
|
Primary Examiner: Downey; Kenneth
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Bronaugh; John R.
Claims
I claim:
1. In a cabinet for a home appliance having a door mounted for
pivotable movement on a set of hinge pins disposed on one side of
an opening, and means for holding the door in a position closing
the opening, the improvement comprising a first set of hinge pins
mounted on the cabinet adjacent one side of the opening, a second
set of hinge pins mounted on the cabinet adjacent a second side of
the opening opposite said first side, each of said sets of hinge
pins includes an upper pin and a lower pin, engagement means
disposed on the door for coacting with a set of hinge pins to form
a hinge mounting for the door, said engagement means includes a
pair of bolt members mounted for sliding movement in the door with
one bolt member arranged to move from a position coacting with an
upper pin the first set to a second position coacting with an upper
pin of the second set and the other bolt member being movable from
a position coacting with a lower pin of the first set to a position
coacting with the lower pin of the second set, and means disposed
on the door for selectively shifting the engagement means between
the first and second sets of hinge pins by acting on both bolt
members in the same direction to coact with the upper and lower
pins respectively of one of the pair of sets so that the hinge
mounting of the door can be shifted between the first and second
side of the opening to enable the door in either of two
directions.
2. In a cabinet according to claim 1, wherein said engagement means
includes means for preventing shifting of the engagement means when
the door is moved from a closed position.
3. In a cabinet according to claim 1, wherein the shifting means
comprises a pair of handles with a handle mounted on the door
adjacent each of said opposite sides thereof, each of said handles
having a pair of levers extending into the door with one of the
levers engaging the upper bolt member and the other lever engaging
the lower bolt member.
4. In a cabinet according to claim 3, wherein said engagement means
includes a recess in the door for receiving each of said hinge
pins, and which includes detent means disposed in the door adjacent
each end of the pair of bolt members for engaging a pin received in
each of the recesses, said detent means preventing shifting of the
bolt member when the detent means becomes disengaged from its
respective hinge pin.
5. A cabinet for an appliance comprising an enclosure having a
rectangular opening, a hinge pin mounted on said enclosure adjacent
each of the corners of said opening, a rectangular door for closing
said opening having a recess adjacent each corner for receiving the
hinge pins when the door is in a position for closing the opening,
a pair of bolt assemblies mounted in the door with one of the pairs
being adjacent a first side and between a pair of said recesses
adjacent said first side and the other of the pair being adjacent a
second side opposite said first side and between the other pair of
recesses adjacent said second side, each bolt assembly including a
bolt member mounted for slidable movement on a support member
between one position with the bolt withdrawn from one of said pair
of recesses and extending across the other of said pair of recesses
to entrap a hinge pin therein to form a hinge mounting for the door
adjacent a third side of the door and a second position with the
bolt withdrawn from the other recess of the pair and extending
across the one recess to entrap the hinge pin therein to form a
hinge mounting for the door adjacent the fourth side of the door,
and means disposed on said door for shifting each bolt member of
said pair of bolt assemblies between the first and second positions
to enable opening a door in either of two directions by pivoting on
hinge mountings adjacent either the third or fourth side of the
door.
6. A cabinet according to claim 5, wherein each of the bolt
assemblies include means for preventing movement of the bolt member
when the door is moved from said position closing the opening.
7. A cabinet for an appliance comprising an enclosure having a
rectangular opening, a hinge pin mounted on said enclosure adjacent
each of the corners of said opening, a rectangular door for closing
said opening having a recess adjacent each corner for receiving the
hinge pins when the door is in a position for closing the opening,
a pair of bolt assemblies mounted in the door with one of the pairs
being adjacent a first side and between a pair of said recesses
adjacent said first side and the other of the pair being adjacent a
second side opposite said first side and between the other pair of
recesses adjacent said second side, each bolt assembly including a
bolt member mounted for slidable movement on a support member
between one position with the bolt withdrawn from one of said pair
of recesses and extending across the other of said pair of recesses
to entrap a hinge pin therein to form a hinge mounting for the door
adjacent a third side of the door and a second position with the
bolt withdrawn from the other recess of the pair and extending
across the one recess to entrap the hinge pin therein to form a
hinge mounting for the door adjacent the fourth side of the door,
and means disposed on said door for shifting each bolt member of
said pair of bolt assemblies between the first and second positions
to enable opening a door in either of two directions by pivoting on
hinge mountings adjacent either the third or fourth side of the
door, each of the bolt assemblies having means for preventing
movement of the bolt member when the door is moved from said
position closing the opening, said means for preventing comprises a
detent lever having a stop portion pivotably mounted adjacent each
of the recesses with one end of the lever extending into the recess
to be contacted by a hinge pin received therein, each of said bolt
members having at least two spaced apart abutment surfaces, said
abutment surfaces being arranged so that at least one of the
abutment surfaces is in alignment with at least one of the stop
portions when the bolt member is in either the first or second
positions, means for biasing each of the detent levers to a
position with the stop member in abutting relationship with its
respective abutment surfaces, said hinge pins when received in
their respective recesses pivoting the levers against the biasing
means to disengage all of the stop members from the abutting
relationship with the abutment surfaces so that during opening of
the door, the withdrawal of the two hinge pins enables the biasing
means to urge a pair of detent levers to a position with the stop
portion preventing movement of the bolt members to release the
entrapped pin forming the hinge mounting.
8. A cabinet according to claim 7, wherein each of the abutment
surfaces is an edge of an L-shaped slot provided in the bolt member
and said stop portion of the lever is received in the L-shaped
slot.
9. A cabinet according to claim 7, wherein the means for shifting
the pair of bolt members comprises a pair of handles with one
handle disposed along the third side of the door and the other
handle disposed along the fourth side of the door, each of the
handles having projections extending into the door and engaging a
corresponding projection on the bolt member so that actuation of
the handle on the third side of the door shifts the bolt members to
form the hinge mountings on the fourth side of the door and
actuation of the handle on the fourth side of the door shifts the
bolt members to form the hinge mountings on the third side of the
door.
10. A cabinet according to claim 9, wherein each of said support
members is a housing receiving the bolt member, said housing having
slots for the projection of the bolt members to extend
therethrough.
11. A cabinet according to claim 10, wherein each of the detent
levers associated with a bolt assembly is pivotably mounted in the
housing thereof, wherein each of the detent levers has a second
portion projecting through an opening in the housing, and wherein
said biasing means is a spring mounted on the housing and engaging
said second portion.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention is directed to a cabinet for a home appliance
particularly for a refrigerator with a door which can be
selectively opened in either of two different directions.
2. Prior Art
With recent safety regulations, refrigerator doors must be built so
that they can be opened from the interior. Thus, a majority of the
refrigerators now being built utilize a magnetic type door seal for
holding the door in the closed position. With such an arrangement,
most refrigerators are delivered to the dealer with a hinge
assembly which can be relocated from one side to the other side to
enable providing a door that is either a right-handed opening door
or a left-handed opening door.
While a person purchasing a refrigerator can obtain a door that
opens in the most convenient manner for the particular space in
which the refrigerator is placed, relocation of the refrigerator in
the kitchen can result in the door opening in the wrong direction.
Furthermore, although the direction of the opening for the door of
a refrigerator can be selected to be the most desirable for most
instances, there is always times in which it would be more
convenient for the refrigerator door to open in the opposite
direction.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a door for closing an opening in a
cabinet of a home appliance such as a refrigerator which door can
be selectively opened in either one of two directions. To
accomplish this, the opening of the cabinet is provided with a
first set of hinge pins along one side of the opening and a second
set along the opposite side. The door is provided with means for
selectively engaging either the first set or second set of hinge
pins to form the hinge mounting either on a first or second side of
the door so that the door may be selectively opened in either of
two different directions. The door is provided with a pair of
handles to provide means for shifting the engagement means into
engagement with either of the first or second sets of hinge pins.
Preferably, the door includes means for preventing the shifting of
the engagement means when the door is moved from a closed position
to prevent accidental release of the door from the hinge mountings.
In the preferred embodiment, the engagement means comprises a pair
of bolt assemblies comprising a bolt member mounted for sliding
movement on a support member between a first position entrapping a
hinge pin received in a recess on one side of the door to a second
position entrapping the hinge pin received in a recess on the
opposite side of the door and the means for preventing shifting
being a pair of detent levers pivotably mounted on each bolt
assembly.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a generalized isometric view of a refrigerator cabinet
having a door of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a bolt assembly and portion of the
door of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial cross section with portions in elevation of the
bolt assembly of the present invention engaging a hinge pin;
FIG. 4 is a cross section taken along the line IV--IV of FIG.
3;
FIG. 5 is an end view with portions broken away for purposes of
illustration of the door of the present invention in a position
closing the opening;
FIG. 6 is an end view with portions broken away for the purposes of
illustration of the door in an open position;
FIG. 7 is an end view with portions broken away for purposes of
illustration of the door being pivotably mounted on a side opposite
to the mounting illustrated in FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is generalized isometric view of an end of the bolt member
and the detent lever with parts removed for purposes of
illustration; and
FIG. 9 is a side view of the door of the present invention with
portions broken away for purposes of illustrating the linkage
between the handle of the door and each of the pair of bolt
assemblies.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The principles of the present invention are particularly useful in
a cabinet generally indicated at 10 in FIG. 1 which cabinet is
particularly useful for a refrigerator. The cabinet 10 has an
enclosure with a rectangular opening 11 on one side thereof. To
close the opening 11, a door 12 is pivotably mounted along either
one side or the other side of the opening 11 for movement from a
position closing the opening to a position allowing entrance to the
enclosure. To hold the door in the closed position, the inner
surface of the door 12 is provided with a conventional magnet seal
13 which engages the periphery of the panel in which the opening 11
is formed and which provides an air tight seal between the door 12
and opening 11 (FIG. 4).
As illustrated the cabinet 10 has a hinge pin 14 mounted adjacent
each corner of the opening 11 and arranged in sets with a pair of
the hinge pins 14 on the left hand side of the opening 11 and a
second pair of hinge pins 14a on the right hand side. The door 12
is provided with means for selectively engaging either the right
hand set or the left hand set to form a hinge mounting for the door
on either the right hand or left hand side of the opening 11 to
enable the door to open in either a right hand direction or a left
hand direction. As illustrated, the door is provided with a pair of
handles 15 and 15a which form means for actuating or shifting the
selective engagement means so that actuation of the handle 15a
causes the engagement means to form the hinge mounting along the
left hand side of the door while actuation of the handle 15 causes
the engagement means to form the hinge mounting on the right hand
side of the door.
Each of the hinge pins is of a conventional structure which
includes a pin 17 mounted on a bracket 18 which is mounted on the
cabinet 10 by appropriate fastening means such as machine screws 19
(see FIG. 3). The brackets 18a (FIG. 1) of the lower hinge pins is
provided with a right angle bend to facilitate mounting onto the
cabinet.
To enable the engagement means disposed in the door 12 to engage
the pins 17, the door adjacent the upper and lower end wall is
provided with recesses. As illustrated in FIG. 2, a pair of
recesses 20 and 20a are provided adjacent an upper end wall 21 of
the door 12 and comprises openings in the panel forming the end
wall 21 which openings extend into a rear wall of the door. To
increase the bearing surface of the edge of the opening, a portion
of the opening in the panel forming the end wall 21 are provided
with flanges 22 and 22a, respectively. The pair of recesses in the
lower end wall of the door have the same structure and when the
door 12 is in the closed position, each of the pins 17 are received
in its respective recess. In FIG. 5, pins 17 and 17a are shown as
being received in recesses 20 and 20a, respectively.
The engagement means selectively engages the pins on either the
right side or left side of the opening 11 and comprises a pair of
bolt assemblies with one bolt assembly being mounted on the upper
end wall 21 between the recesses 20 and 20a and the other bolt
assembly mounted in a similar manner on the lower end wall of the
door 12.
As best illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, each bolt assembly includes a
bolt member 23 slidably received in a housing which is formed by a
slide member 24 and a cover member 25. The slide member 24 has an
H-shaped cross section (FIG. 4) which is formed by edge flanges 26
which form a guideway for receiving the bolt member 23 and engages
the cover 25 when it is secured to the slide member 24 by
appropriate fastening means. The cover 25, which has raised portion
25a at each end, is provided with a pair of projections 27 which
receive threaded fasteners 28. The fasteners 28 extend through
slots 30 in the bolt member 23 and are received in threaded
passageways 31 of the slide member 24 to hold the cover onto the
slide member 24. The bolt assembly is secured on the end wall 21 by
threaded fasteners 33 which extend through countersunk openings 34
in the end wall, through opening 35 in the slide member 24, through
elongated slots 36 in the bolt member 23 and are threadably
received in openings 37 in the cover member 25. As illustrated, the
elongated slots 30 and 36 allow the bolt member to slide in the
guideway provided by the spaced side flanges 26 which also serve
the purposes illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4 of spacing the bolt
member 23 from the end wall 21 a sufficient distance to clear the
flanges 22 and 22a.
The bolt member 23 is provided with a notch or cut out portion at
each end to provide an engagement surface 38 and 38a, respectively.
As illustrated in FIGS. 5, 6 and 7, the bolt member 23 can be moved
from a first position with the surface 38 extending across the
recess 20 and the surface 38a withdrawn from the recess 20a to a
second position with the surface 38 withdrawn from the recess 20
and the surface 38a extending across a recess 20a. When the bolt
member 23 is in the first position, the surface 38 entraps the pin
17 in recess 20 to form a hinge mounting for the door 12. In a
similar manner when the bolt member 23 is shifted to the second
position (FIG. 7) the surface 38a entraps pins 17a in the recess
20a to form a hinge mounting on the opposite side of the door.
Each of the bolt assemblies includes a pair of detent levers 40 and
40a which extend into the recesses 20 and 20a, respectively, for
engaging the pins 17 and 17a. The detent levers 40 and 40a provide
means for preventing movement of the bolt member 23 when the door
is moved from a position closing the opening. As illustrated, the
lever 40 has a pivot pin 41 which is received in opening 42 in the
slide member 24 and opening 43 in the raised portion 25a of cover
member 25 to pivotably mount the detent lever 40 at the end of the
housing so that it may extend into its respective recess such as
20. The portion 25a of the cover member 25 provides clearance for
the detent lever 40 adjacent the bolt member 23. The lever 40 is
provided with a stop member or portion 44 which is a tab or
projection and a second projection or tab 45. The stop portion 44
is received in an L-shaped slot 46 of the bolt member 23 and
extends into a rectangular opening 47 in the slide member 24. The
second projection 45 extends out of a rectangular opening 48 to be
engaged by a biasing means such as a leaf spring 49 which is
mounted on the projection 27 by the fastening means 28. A detent
lever 40a is of the same structure and mounted in the same manner
and has a stop projection 44a received in an L-shaped slot 46a and
the second projection 45a extending out of the opening 48a for
engagement with the biasing means which is the spring 49a.
As best illustrated in FIG. 8, the L-shaped slot 46 has a leg
portion 50 forming an abutment surface 51. When the spring 49
pivots the detent lever 40 on its pivot mounting, the stop portion
44 is moved into the leg portion 50 and is in a position for
abutting against the surface 51. When the detent lever 40 is in the
position illustrated in FIG. 8, the stop portion 44 prevents the
bolt member 23 from being shifted in the direction of arrow 52.
To enable the shifting means comprising the handles 15 and 15a to
shift both bolt members 23, each bolt member adjacent the openings
46 and 46a is provided with projections 53 and 53a, respectively,
which may be a pin attached to the bolt member and which extends
through an aperture or an elongated slot such as 54 (FIG. 4)
provided in the cover 25. As illustrated in FIG. 5, the handles 15
and 15a have levers 55 and 55a, respectively, which extend through
an opening such as 56 in the door 12 and engage the pins 53 and 53a
of each bolt assmbly. Thus each handle is provided with two levers
with a lever coacting with the pin of each of the two bolt
assemblies as illustrated in FIG. 9. The lever 55 and thus the
handle 15 is moved to a closed position by a spring 58 which is
anchored on the structure of the door 12 and attached to the lever
55.
The operation of one of the two bolt assemblies forming the
engagement means is illustrated in FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 and while the
following description is limited to the operation of a single bolt
assembly, it should be remembered that both the upper and lower
bolt assemblies operate in unison during the opening and closing of
the door 12. Referring to FIG. 5, grasping the handle 15a to move
it from a rest position (broken line) to an outward position
illustrated in bold lines causes movement of the lever 55a which is
engaged with the pin 53a to shift the bolt member 23 to a first
position with the engagement surface 38 entrapping pin 17 in recess
20. Since the door is still in a position closing the opening 11,
pins 17 and 17a of the hinge pins engage the detent levers 40 and
40a to pivot them against their respective springs 49 and 49a. Such
pivotable movement removes the stop portion 44a from leg portion
50a and thus from alignment for abutting relationship with the
surface 51a.
With a pull force applied to the handle 15a, the door 12 will pivot
on the hinge mounting adjacent the left hand side towrd an open
position. As the pin 17a leaves the bottom of the recess 20a, the
spring 49a will pivot the detent lever 40a to a position with the
stop portion 44a received in the leg portion 50a of the slot 46a
and in alignment for abutting relationship with the abutting
surface 51a. Thus, an inadvertent pulling on the handle 15 will not
shift the bolt member 23 to enable the engagement surface 38 to
release the pin 17 and thus the door cannot be inadvertently
removed from the hinge mountings. With movement of the door back to
a position closing the opening, the pin 17a depresses the detent
lever 40a to pivot the stop portion 44a out of the leg portion 50a
of the L-shaped slot 46a and out of alignment with the abutment
surface 51a.
While in a position closing the opening, the lever or handle 15 can
be pulled to cause the lever 55 to engage the pin 53 and shift the
bolt member 23 in the opposite direction so that the engagement
surface 38a entraps the pin 17a in the recess 20a to form the hinge
mounting on the right hand side of the refrigerator. When the bolt
member 23 is shifted to the position illustrated in FIG. 7, the
L-shaped slot 46 is shifted relative to the stop portion 44 so that
the stop portion 44 can be urged into the leg portion 50 of the
slot 46 by the spring 49 as the pin 17 leaves the recess 20. When
the pin 17 is disengaged from the detent lever 40 (FIG. 7), the
stop portion 44 is in abutting relationship with the abutment
surface 51 to prevent movement of the bolt member in the left hand
direction to prevent inadvertent release of the pin 17a which is
forming part of the hinge mounting.
If it is desired to remove the door 12, the door must be moved to
an opened position and the detent levers in the exposed recesses
are manually depressed. Then the opposite handle is pulled or
actuated to shift the bolt to release the bolt members 23 from
engagement with the hinge pins. For example, assuming the door has
been opened with the hinge mountings formed on the left hand side
such as illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, the detent levers 40a are
manually depressed so that the handle 15 can be actuated to shift
the bolt towards the right to release the pins 17 and thus enable
complete removal of the door.
To replace the door, one of the handles such as 15 is actuated to
shift the bolt member of each bolt assembly to the right and then
the door is mounted on the pins 17 which will pivot the detent
levers 40 of each assembly to remove the stop portion 44 from the
abutting relationship with abutment surfaces 51. Then by actuating
handle 15a the bolt member 23 of each assembly is shifted to the
left to form a hinge mounting on the left hand side of the door.
Then the door can be moved to the closed position and opened either
as a right hand opening door or a left hand opening door depending
on which handle, 15 or 15a is actuated.
The bolt member 23 is preferably made of steel and the slide member
24 is preferably an aluminum extrusion. The cover member 25 which
is assembled on the slide member is preferably a molded plastic
member.
Although various minor modifications may be suggested by those
versed in the art, it should be understood that I wish to employ
within the scope of the patent warranted hereon all such
modifications as reasonably and properly come within the scope of
my contribution to the art.
* * * * *