U.S. patent number 3,888,026 [Application Number 05/384,813] was granted by the patent office on 1975-06-10 for running sole for sports shoe.
Invention is credited to Adolf Dassler.
United States Patent |
3,888,026 |
Dassler |
June 10, 1975 |
Running sole for sports shoe
Abstract
A running sole for a sports shoe and a method of manufacturing
such a sole, wherein the carrier of woven fabric has fiber bristles
projecting downwardly therefrom at least over certain areas of the
carrier, the bristles being stiffened and glued to one another by
impregnation with a synthetic resin, such as an epoxy resin
adhesive, which is applied to the bristles by moving an applicator
relative to the woven fabric carrier such that the fiber bristles
come into contact with the applicator and take up the resin
therefrom.
Inventors: |
Dassler; Adolf (D-8522
Herzogenaurach am Bahnhof, DT) |
Family
ID: |
5853459 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/384,813 |
Filed: |
August 2, 1973 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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Aug 12, 1972 [DT] |
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2239824 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
36/25R; 156/278;
428/88; 427/286 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A43B
5/06 (20130101); Y10T 428/23929 (20150401) |
Current International
Class: |
A43B
5/00 (20060101); A43B 5/06 (20060101); D04h
011/00 (); B32b 031/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;161/62,63,64,65,66,67,162,164,146 ;156/72,278,280 ;117/37R,43,44
;12/146B,146BP,146BC ;28/74P ;36/2.5A,25R,3A,3R |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Van Balen; William J.
Claims
I claim:
1. A running sole for a sports shoe comprising a carrier, fiber
bristles distributed at least over certain areas of said carrier
and extending downwardly therefrom, and a synthetic resin
impregnation stiffening and gluing said fiber bristles to one
another.
2. A running sole as claimed in claim 1, wherein said carrier is a
woven fabric with which the fiber bristles are interwoven and
project therefrom is a velvet-like manner.
3. A running sole as claimed in claim 2, wherein the fiber bristles
are arranged in the manner of a Manchester cloth in parallel
ribs.
4. A running sole as claimed in claim 3, wherein the ribs extend
longitudinally of the sole.
5. A running sole as claimed in claim 2, wherein the fiber bristles
are arranged on said carrier in a specific pattern.
6. A running sole as claimed in claim 2, wherein the woven fabric
carrier is formed from cotton and the fiber bristles are formed of
polyester.
7. A running sole as claimed in claim 6 wherein the woven cotton
fabric carrier is reinforced with polyester.
8. A running sole as claimed in claim 1 wherein the synthetic resin
impregnation is a synthetic resin adhesive.
9. A running sole as claimed in claim 8, wherein the adhesive is an
epoxy resin adhesive.
10. A running sole as claimed in claim 1, wherein the carrier is
entirely free from synthetic resin impregnation.
11. A running sole as claimed in claim 1, wherein the carrier is
adhesively secured to the insole of a sports shoe.
12. Method of manufacturing a running sole comprising the steps of
forming a carrier with fiber bristles extending downwardly from at
least certain areas of the carrier, uniformly feeding a synthetic
resin impregnation to an applicator, displacing the carrier
relative to the applicator such that the fiber bristles come into
contact with the applicator and take up the synthetic resin
therefrom, and cutting out the running sole to the desired shape
from the carrier.
13. A method as claimed in claim 12, wherein the carrier is moved
below the applicator so that the synthetic resin impregnation taken
up by the fiber bristles runs a short distance along the fiber
bristles.
14. A method as claimed in claim 12 wherein the applicator is a
slit nozzle applicator.
15. A method as claimed in claim 12 wherein the applicator is a
rotating drum applicator.
Description
The invention relates to a running sole for a sports shoe, more
particularly a running shoe, having downwardly projecting bristles
of synthetic or textile material distributed over at least part of
the area of the running sole.
The introduction of synthetic material tracks for sporting running
and jumping competitions has resulted in entirely new problems with
respect to the design of running soles for sports shoes. The
conventional spikes proved increasingly unsuitable for the
synthetic material track since they penetrate too deeply into the
track and are virtually immovably constrained by the track at least
during part of the rolling off process and thus interfere with the
rolling off process and particularly with the natural lateral
movements of the foot which occur during the rolling off process.
For this reason a variety of proposals for design of running soles
have already been put forward. These proposals are essentially
directed to replace the conventional spikes by a multiplicity of
small, comparatively short gripping bodies or elements which, while
not penetrating too deeply into the artificial track, are intended
to claw into the track and thus afford the required non-slip safety
for the athlete.
In one such known track shoe it is contemplated that comparatively
strong bristles of steel or synthetic material are secured to the
running sole and cover the latter entirely or in some areas only.
These bristles must be comparatively strong so as to prevent their
collapsing under the weight of the athlete and for the same reason
a sufficiently strong anchoring to the running sole is necessary.
To this end they pass through the running sole, which leads to a
relatively complex and costly production. Additionally, because of
their thickness, the bristles must not be of less than a certain
length, since their gripping effect will otherwise be impaired.
This, however, can result in the artificial track being damaged,
especially if the bristles are of steel, although even worse damage
is known to result from the conventional spikes.
It has furthermore already been proposed to cover the running sole
of track shoes, at least in some areas, with shark skin from a
certain kind of shark. This shark skin has uniformly distributed,
very short (about 1 mm) and fine spikes which hook into the surface
of the track and because of their great number provide a safe grip.
But shark skin of this kind is comparatively expensive so that this
too results in an increased price of the thus equipped sport
shoes.
Finally it has already become known, although not from sport shoes,
to affix fibres adhesively to the underneath surface of the outer
sole of footwear in such manner that the fibres are sprinkled into
a film of adhesive present on the sole or are sprayed onto the
underneath surface of the sole together with the adhesive. But this
method of manufacture always results in an arrangement of the
fibres on the running sole which imparts a velour of velvet-like
appearance thereto. Adequate support on a track of synthetic
material, as is demanded of the running sole of a sports shoe,
cannot be obtained by this method.
According to the invention there is provided a running sole for a
sports shoe comprising a carrier, fibre bristles distributed at
least over certain areas of said carrier and extending downwardly
therefrom, and a synthetic resin impregnation stiffening and gluing
said fibre bristles to one another.
Advantageously the carrier for the fibres is a fabric with which
the fibres are interwoven and arranged in velvet-like manner, but
preferably in the manner of a Manchester or cord weave, in parallel
longitudinal ribs.
By virtue of the textile or plastics fibres protruding from the
woven fabric being impregnated with the synthetic resin the fibres
are adhesively interconnected and form minute bunches to which the
synthetic resin imparts a comparatively greatt rigidity against
being bent over or flattened. The fine fibre tips which still
protrude from these bunches of fibres cooperate with the artificial
track in a manner very similar to that which has earlier been
described in connection with the shark skin sole. Since the fabric
carrying the fibres is totally flexible it has no stiffening effect
on the base of the shoe so that the latter can be constructed
according to known principles, irrespective of the subsequent
application of the synthetic fibres.
A synthetic resin adhesive such as is used for metals, for example
an epoxy resin adhesive, is advantageously used as the synthetic
resin. This adhesive is preferably so applied into or onto the
fibres that the carrier, e.g. the woven fabric, remains free of
adhesive.
Manufacture of the running sole according to the invention is
extremely inexpensive. As far as the production of the Manchester
cloth or velvet-like textile starting material is concerned no
detailed explanations need be given herein since the production
thereof is known. It suffices to indicate that the production is
performed on a double loom, the material being subsequently
separated in the middle between the woven layers so that the fibres
interwoven with the basic fabric protrude in the manner of
bristles. The production of the running sole according to the
invention is then carried out in such manner that the carrier
having such upstanding textile or plastics fibre bristles is passed
through under an applicator to which liquid synthetic resin is
uniformly fed, so that the synthetic resin is absorbed by the fibre
bristles. The running sole is subsequently cut out of the carrier
in known manner. A suitable applicator is for example a slit nozzle
or the like, under which the carrier web is so displaced that the
fibre bristles come into contact with the nozzle and wipe the
synthetic material off its mouth. The arrangement whereby the
carrier is displaced below the applicator has the advantage of some
of the liquid synthetic resin absorbed by the fibres running along
the fibres so that the tips of the fibres slightly protrude from
the fibre/resin combination.
It is also feasible to apply the synthetic resin to the fibres by
means of a rotating applicator drum, the synthetic resin being
continuously and uniformly fed to the applicator drum. It is
advantageous for the amount of synthetic resin supplied to be
metered in such a way that no excess of synthetic resin reaches the
carrier for the fibres.
Further features and advantages of the present invention will
become apparent from the description of a preferred exemplary
embodiment which follows with reference to the accompanying
drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a plan view of the running surface of a portion of one
example of running sole according to the invention; and
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section taken along line II--II of FIG.
1.
The running sole 1 shown in FIG. 1, only the foresole region of
which is illustrated as far as the arch, consists of a woven cotton
fabric 2 with which plastics (polyester) fibres 3 are interwoven in
such manner that the fibres 3 are arranged in parallel ribs 4 in
the manner of a Manchester or cord fabric. The fibres contain a
synthetic resin impregnation 5 surrounding the fibres up to the
running surface of the woven fabric 2 and firmly gluing them to
each other. As is apparent from FIG. 2 only tips of fibres protrude
from the synthetic resin impregnation 5 which tips have become very
hard as a result of a fine layer of synthetic resin effected by the
synthetic resin impregnation. The woven fabric 2 itself is free of
synthetic resin so that it retains original flexibility to bending
in any direction.
While the fabric 2 is of cotton or advantageously of
polyester-reinforced cotton (ratio e.g. 50:50) the fibres 3 are of
synthetic material. For the synthetic resin impregnation 5 any
synthetic resin is suitable which can be applied to the fibres in
molten or dissolved state, which after cooling or evaporation of
the solvent solidifies to a rigid body and thereby adhesively joins
the fibres 3 to each other and stiffens them. A particularly
suitable adhesive is an epoxy resin adhesive such as that sold
under the Registered Trade Mark "Araldite".
In order to produce the inventive running sole according to FIG. 1
it is merely necessary to introduce the synthetic resin into the
erect fibres of a web of Manchester or cord cloth. This can be done
by spraying or drop-wise application of synthetic resin. Since it
is advantageous, although not essential for the fibre-carrying
fabric 2 to be kept free of synthetic resin and this cannot be
ensured with certainty during the spraying or drop-wise application
of the synthetic resin, the latter is suitably applied in such
manner that the fabric web is moved past an applicator, e.g. a slit
nozzle or an applicator drum continuously fed with liquid synthetic
resin and the synthetic resin is wiped off the applicator. It is
thus possible to limit the quantity of synthetic resin taken up by
the fibres to such an extent that only the fibres contain synthetic
resin. When, moreover, care is taken that after application onto
the fibres the liquid synthetic resin can additionally run a little
downward under the effect of gravity, toward the fabric, then the
effect of the fibre tips slightly protruding from the subsequently
obtained synthetic resin body and forming a multiplicity of minute
spikes results.
The synthetic resin impregnation 5 of the fibres 3 forms synthetic
resin bodies extending longitudinally of the sole and having a
multiplicity of fibre tips which claw into the synthetic material
track in the manner similar to the scales of shark skin and which
provide an extremely safe grip. The synthetic resin impregnation 5
of the fibres also rigidifies to such a degree that the fibres do
not bend over, even under full load, since the ribbed synthetic
resin body is supported by the woven fabric 2.
The design of the running sole according to the invention is by no
means limited to the particular embodiment illustrated. Depending
on hardness and consistency of the artificial track for example, it
is conceivable to arrange the fibres so that the rows 4 extend
transversely of the sole, rather than longitudinally. Moreover, it
is possible to provide any kind of pattern of fibres plus synthetic
resin impregnation, instead of rows on the sole. When, for example,
the rows are regularly broken in their longitudinal extent, then a
diamond or checker-boardlike pattern is obtained. Only partly
covering the running sole with fibres is, of course, also possible,
such covering then being arranged at the sites of greatest demand,
e.g. in the foresole and heel regions.
The gripping property of the running sole according to the
invention may furthermore be varied by the use of varying thickness
of fibre and more particularly different synthetic resins. When for
example a synthetic resin is used which remains comparatively
resilient after solidifying, then a weaker gripping effect of the
fibre tips is obtained than when using a synthetic resin which
hardens in relatively brittle manner and produces glass-like
tips.
The running sole according to the invention is always considerably
less expensive, for the same gripping effect, than the heretofore
known, comparable, running soles having bristles as gripping
elements, since the fabric used as starting material for the fibres
is very inexpensive and even when costly synthetic resins are used
their costs are of minor importance because of the small quantities
required.
The length of the fibres in the running sole according to the
invention is not critical. But, if only for reasons of weight, it
is desirable for them not to be too long. A length of 11/2 to 3mm
is adequate in the embodiment of FIG. 1. The mutual spacing of the
rows 4 should amount to about 3mm in this case.
* * * * *