U.S. patent number 3,887,166 [Application Number 05/437,951] was granted by the patent office on 1975-06-03 for mixer.
Invention is credited to Christiaan Marie Van Ginneken.
United States Patent |
3,887,166 |
Van Ginneken |
June 3, 1975 |
Mixer
Abstract
A mixer, comprising an elongated, substantially cylindrical,
upright sleeve, which forms the wall of a mixing chamber, a supply
inlet for solid material and a supply inlet for liquid debouching
in said mixing chamber, said sleeve accommodating a central mixing
shaft coupled to a drive means and bearing blade holders with
blades fitted therein. The blade holders are each rotatable through
360.degree. about an axis of rotation which is perpendicular to the
mixing shaft and may be fixed in any position by a locking member.
The mixer may further comprise an adjusting device with which the
angle enclosed by the central axis of the sleeve and the vertical
is adjustable.
Inventors: |
Van Ginneken; Christiaan Marie
(Bussum, NL) |
Family
ID: |
19820080 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/437,951 |
Filed: |
January 30, 1974 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
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Nov 27, 1973 [NL] |
|
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7316182 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
366/177.1;
366/219; 366/168.1; 366/341; 366/326.1; 366/330.2 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B01F
27/00 (20220101); B01F 35/145 (20220101); B01F
27/071 (20220101) |
Current International
Class: |
B01F
15/00 (20060101); B01F 7/00 (20060101); B01f
007/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;259/2,7,8,12,29,5,6,21,22,41,42,72,91,92 ;68/96,242 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Jenkins; Robert W.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Waters, Schwartz & Nissen
Claims
I claim:
1. A mixer, comprising an elongated, substantially cylindrical,
upright sleeve of flexible material, such as rubber, which forms
the wall of a mixing chamber, a supply inlet for solid material
debouching at the upper end of said sleeve, supply means for liquid
being provided underneath said supply inlet, said sleeve
accommodating a central mixing shaft coupled to a drive means, said
mixing shaft bearing blade holders with blades fitted therein, said
blade holders each being rotatable through 360.degree. about an
axis of rotation which is perpendicular to the mixing shaft and
being fixable in any position by a locking member, said blades
extending solely in the upper part of said sleeve and a free
granulating space being situtated underneath said blades in said
sleeve, deforming means being in contact with the outer surface of
said sleeve and being displaceable by displacement means with
respect to said sleeve in the longitudinal direction of the mixing
shaft.
2. A mixer according to claim 1, wherein the central axis of the
sleeve encloses an acute angle with the vertical.
3. A mixer according to claim 1, further comprising an adjusting
device with which the angle enclosed by the central axis of the
sleeve and the vertical is adjustable.
4. A mixer according to claim 3, wherein the sleeve is supported by
a pivot plate which comprises a passage opening for said sleeve and
which is pivotally supported on one side by stationary brackets so
as to pivot about a horizontal swivel axis, while, on the opposite
side of the pivot plate, supports which can pivot about an axis
parallel to the swivel axis of the pivot plate are fitted in slots
in the pivot plate, a screw spindle extending through each support,
which screw spindle can pivot about an axis which is parallel to
the swivel axis of the pivot plate, each screw spindle bearing a
displaceable check nut underneath the support and a displaceable
retaining nut above the support.
5. A mixer according to claim 1, wherein at least one blade holder
block is mounted on the mixing shaft, which block bears,
distributed over its periphery, a plurality of said blade holders
each having slots wherein the end of a blade is detachably lockable
by means of a locking member, each blade holder being secured by
bolt means to a retaining member which is rotatable through
360.degree. about an axis of rotation perpendicular to the mixing
shaft, said retaining member being accommodated in a chamber in the
blade holder block and being secured against outward displacement
by means of a collar of the blade holder block, said retaining
member being lockable with the aid of said bolt means in each
angular position with respect to the blade holder block.
6. A mixer according to claim 5, wherein the outer circumference of
the blade holder block has substantially the form of an equilateral
triangle or polygon.
7. A mixer according to claim 6, wherein the outer circumference of
the blade holder block is substantially square.
8. A mixer according to claim 6, wherein each side of the blade
holder block is provided with a cylindrical recess, the central
axis of which is perpendicular to the mixing shaft and into which a
cylindrical end of the corresponding blade holder is fittingly
inserted.
9. A mixer according to claim 8, wherein at least one filling ring
is arranged between the bottom of the cylindrical recess in the
blade holder block and a projecting outer annular flange of the
corresponding blade holder.
10. A mixer according to claim 5, wherein the blade holder block
has a cylindrical bore through which the mixing shaft extends, said
blade holder block being lockable in each position with respect to
said mixing shaft.
11. A mixer according to claim 5, wherein each blade holder bears
at most two blades.
12. A mixer according to claim 5, wherein a filling piece is
detachably locked by a locking member in a slot of the blade
holder.
13. A mixer, comprising an elongated, substantially cylindrical,
upright sleeve of flexible material, such as rubber, which forms
the wall of a mixing chamber, a supply inlet for solid material
debouching at the upper end of said sleeve, supply means for liquid
being provided underneath said supply inlet, said sleeve
accommodating a central mixing shaft coupled to a drive means, said
mixing shaft bearing blade holders with blades fitted therein, said
blade holders each being rotatable through 360.degree. about an
axis of rotation which is perpendicular to the mixing shaft and
being fixable in any position by a locking member, said blades
extending solely in the upper part of said sleeve and a free
granulating space being situated underneath said blades in said
sleeve, rollers with axes of rotation perpendicular crossing the
mixing shaft, being in contact with the outer surface of the
sleeve, which rollers are arranged in downwardly spaced successive
groups, each comprising a plurality of rollers uniformly
distributed over the circumference of the wall of the sleeve,
corresponding rollers in successive roller groups being arranged in
staggered and overlapping positions with respect to each other,
said rollers being journalled on a common support which is coaxial
with respect to the sleeve and which is equipped with guide
bushings which are slidably mounted on guide rods that are parallel
to the mixing shaft, a plurality of cylinder and piston assemblies
engaging the support to impart a reciprocating movement to the
same.
14. A mixer, comprising an elongated, substantially cylindrical,
upright sleeve, which forms the wall of a mixing chamber, a supply
inlet for solid material and a supply inlet for liquid debouching
in said mixing chamber, said sleeve accommodating a central mixing
shaft coupled to a drive means, at least one blade holder block
being mounted on the mixing shaft, which block bears, distributed
over its periphery, a plurality of blade holders, each having
slots, wherein the end of a blade is detachably lockable by means
of a locking member, each blade holder being secured by bolt means
to a retaining member which is rotatable through 360.degree. about
an axis of rotation perpendicular to the mixing shaft, said
retaining member being accommodated in a chamber in the blade
holder block and being secured against outward displacement by
means of a collar of the blade holder block, said retaining member
being lockable with the aid of said bolt means in each angular
position with respect to the blade holder block, said blades
extending solely in the upper part of the sleeve and a free
granulating space being situated underneath said blades in said
sleeve.
15. A mixer according to claim 14, further comprising an adjusting
device with which the angle enclosed by the central axis of the
sleeve and the vertical is adjustable.
16. A mixer according to claim 15, wherein the sleeve is supported
by a pivot plate which comprises a passage opening for said sleeve
and which is pivotally supported on one side by stationary brackets
so as to pivot about a horizontal swivel axis, while, on the
opposite side of the pivot plate, supports which can pivot about an
axis parallel to the swivel axis of the pivot plate are fitted in
slots in the pivot plate, a screw spindle extending through each
support, which screw spindle can pivot about an axis which is
parallel to the swivel axis of the pivot plate, each screw spindle
bearing a displaceable check nut underneath the support and a
displaceable retaining nut above the support.
17. A mixer, comprising an elongated, substantially cylindrical,
upright sleeve of flexible material, such as rubber, which forms
the wall of a mixing chamber, a supply inlet for solid material and
a supply inlet for liquid debouching in said mixing chamber, said
sleeve accommodating a central mixing shaft coupled to a drive
means, at least one blade holder block being mounted on the mixing
shaft, which block bears, distributed over its periphery, a
plurality of blade holders, each having slots, wherein the end of a
blade is detachably lockable by means of a locking member, each
blade holder being secured by bolt means to a retaining member
which is rotatable through 360.degree. about an axis of rotation
perpendicular to the mixing shaft, said retaining member being
accommodated in a chamber in the blade holder block and being
secured against outward displacement by means of a collar of the
blade holder block, said retaining member being lockable with the
aid of said bolt means in each angular position with respect to the
blade holder block, deforming means being in contact with the outer
surface of said sleeve and being displaceable by displacement means
with respect to said sleeve in the longitudinal direction of the
mixing shaft.
18. A mixer according to claim 17, further comprising an adjusting
device with which the angle enclosed by the central axis of the
sleeve and the vertical is adjustable.
19. A mixer according to claim 18, wherein the sleeve is supported
by a pivot plate which comprises a passage opening for said sleeve
and which is pivotally supported on one side by stationary brackets
so as to pivot about a horizontal swivel axis, while, on the
opposite side of the pivot plate, supports which can pivot about an
axis parallel to the swivel axis of the pivot plate are fitted in
slots in the pivot plate, a screw spindle extending through each
support, which screw spindle can pivot about an axis which is
parallel to the swivel axis of the pivot plate, each screw spindle
bearing a displaceable check nut underneath the support and a
displaceable retaining nut above the support.
20. A mixer, comprising an elongated, substantially cylindrical,
upright sleeve of flexible material, such as rubber, which forms
the wall of a mixing chamber, a supply inlet for solid material and
a supply inlet for liquid debouching in said mixing chamber, said
sleeve accommodating a central mixing shaft coupled to a drive
means, at least one blade holder block being mounted on the mixing
shaft, which block bears, distributed over its periphery, a
plurality of blade holders each having slots, wherein the end of a
blade is detachably lockable by means of a locking member, each
blade holder being secured by bolt means to a retaining member,
which is rotatable through 360.degree. about an axis of rotation
perpendicular to the mixing shaft, said retaining member being
accommodated in a chamber in the blade holder block and being
secured against outward displacement by means of a collar of the
blade holder block, said retaining member being lockable with the
aid of said bolt means in each angular position with respect to the
blade holder block, rollers with axes of rotation perpendicularly
crossing the mixing shaft being in contact with the outer surface
of the sleeve, which rollers are arranged in downwardly spaced
successive groups, each comprising a plurality of rollers uniformly
distributed over the circumference of the wall of the sleeve,
corresponding rollers in successive roller groups being arranged in
staggered and overlapping positions with respect to each other,
said rollers being journalled on a common support which is coaxial
with respect to the sleeve and which is equipped with guide
bushings which are slidably mounted on guide rods that are parallel
to the mixing shaft, a plurality of cylinder and piston assemblies
engaging the support to impart a reciprocating movement to the
same.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a mixer, comprising an elongated,
substantially cylindrical, upright sleeve, which forms the wall of
a mixing chamber, a supply inlet for solid material and a supply
inlet for liquid debouching in said mixing chamber, said sleeve
accommodating a central mixing shaft coupled to a drive means and
bearing blade holders with blades fitted therein.
Mixers of this kind are already known and are applied, for example,
for continuously mixing a powdered solid matter with a liquid or
for granulating powdered products by mixing them with a liquid.
With these known mixers it is difficult, and frequently even
impossible, to influence the characteristics of the resultant
mixture, for example to modify the size of the particles of the
mixture.
Furthermore, depending on the nature of the products to be mixed,
the wall of the mixing chamber of these known mixers may become
more or less extensively encrusted, which impairs the mixing
efficiency.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is a first object of the present invention to provide a mixer
which allows the properties of the resultant mixture to be
extensively influenced.
It is a further object of the invention to provide a mixer in which
the residence time of the material supplied may be adjusted.
It is another object of the invention to provide a mixer which
allows the size of the resultant particles to be effectively
adapted to the demands.
It is yet another object of the invention to provide a mixer in
which the development of deposits on the wall of the mixing chamber
is prevented.
According to the invention, the blade holders are each rotatable
through 360.degree. about an axis of rotation which is
perpendicular to the mixing shaft and may be fixed in any position
by a locking member. The residence time of the material supplied
into the mixer can thus be effectively influenced.
Further, at least one blade holder block may be mounted upon the
mixing shaft, which block bears, distributed over its periphery, a
plurality of said blade holders each having slots wherein the end
of a blade is detachably lockable by means of a locking member,
each blade holder being secured by bolt means to a retaining member
which is rotatable through 360.degree. about an axis of rotation
perpendicular to the mixing shaft, said retaining member being
accommodated in a chamber in the blade holder block and being
secured against outward displacement by means of a collar of the
blade holder block, said retaining member being lockable with the
aid of said bolt means in each angular position with respect to the
blade holder block.
The blade holder block may have a cylindrical bore through which
the mixing shaft extends, said blade holder block being lockable in
each position with respect to said mixing shaft.
In order to attain an excellent granulating effect in the mixer,
the blades may extend solely in the upper part of the sleeve and a
free granulating space may be situated underneath these blades in
the sleeve.
As a result of the collisions of the blades with the powdered
particles and with the liquid particles, and of the impingements of
these particles on each other, excellent mixing of the powder with
the liquid is achieved in the zone of the blades, which may rotate
at high speed, such as, for example, 1,000 to 3,000 r.p.m. Under
the effect of gravity, the rapidly rotating particles of the
mixture move in a helical path through the free space underneath
the blades in the sleeve towards the lower end of the sleeve. Since
the particles of the mixture perform a rolling motion in this free
space in the sleeve during their helical downward course along the
inner wall of the sleeve, the particles are at the same time built
up to form a granulate.
The angle of inclination of this spiral is a function of a number
of controllable factors of the mixer, such as the speed of rotation
of the mixing shaft, the direction of rotation of the blades, the
number and the angular positions of the blades, the quantities of
powder and of liquid supplied per unit time, and the weight by
volume of the mixture obtained.
To the measure that the angle of inclination of the spiral is
smaller, the particles of the mixture will roll along the inner
wall of the sleeve for a more prolonged period of time, causing
their diameter to increase and their shape to become more
regular.
The height of the free granulating space underneath the blades is
related to and is therefore somewhat limited by the diameter of the
sleeve. In order to increase the helical path transversed by the
particles in the granulating space independent of the dimensions of
this granulating space, the central axis of the sleeve may enclose
an acute angle with the vertical instead of being vertical
itself.
To this end, an adjusting device may be provided allowing this
angle to be adjusted. Preferably, the sleeve is supported by a
pivot plate which comprises a passage opening for said sleeve and
which is pivotally supported on one side by stationary brackets so
as to pivot about a horizontal swivel axis, while, on the opposite
side of the pivot plate, supports which can pivot about an axis
parallel to the swivel axis of the pivot plate are fitted in slots
in the pivot plate, a screw spindle extending through each support,
which screw spindle can pivot about an axis which is parallel to
the swivel axis of the pivot plate, each screw spindle bearing a
displaceable check nut underneath the support and a displaceable
retaining nut above the support.
The effect of gravity upon the particles of the mixture may be
reduced by properly adjusting the angle of inclination of the
sleeve. This feature is of special significance if no high speed of
the mixing shaft can be applied in view of the brittleness of the
powder supplied into the mixing chamber.
Optimum granulating results can be attained by an angular
displacement of the blade holders in combination with an inclined
position of the sleeve.
The mixer may furthermore be provided with an elongated,
substantially cylindrical, upright sleeve of flexible material,
such as rubber, which forms the wall of the mixing chamber,
deforming means being in contact with the outer surface of said
sleeve and being displaceable by displacement means with respect to
said sleeve in the longitudinal direction of the mixing shaft.
The periodic local deformation of the flexible sleeve wall causes
this wall to be cleaned, since such deposits as may be formed upon
this wall are thus very rapidly eliminated.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical section through an embodiment of the
mixer according to the invention.
FIG. 2 is a top view of a blade holder block with blade holders and
blades of the mixer according to FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a section according to the line III--III in FIG. 2,
wherein the various parts are shown separately from each other.
FIG. 4 illustrates schematically a number of blade holder blocks
with various designs of blade holders and blades.
DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
FIG. 1 illustrates an embodiment of the mixer according to the
invention by way of example. This mixer comprises a mixing chamber
1, the wall of which is constituted by an elongated, substantially
cylindrical sleeve 2 of flexible material, such as rubber. The
deflected upper end 3 of the flexible sleeve 2 is clamped between a
retaining ring 4 and a metal top plate 5. This top plate 5 is
connected to a metal bottom plate 6 by means of steel sections 7.
The bottom plate 6 comprises a central passage opening through
which the sleeve 2 projects downwardly.
A cylindrical upper member 8 made of sheet-metal is mounted on the
top plate 5. This upper member 8 is in line with and has the same
diameter as the underlying flexible sleeve 2 and is provided with a
lateral supply pipe 9 through which the powdered component of the
mixture to be formed is supplied. The liquid component is supplied
on a lower level into the upper portion of the mixing chamber 1
through one or more supply pipes 10 which end in spray openings
11.
A mounting plate 12, attached to the upper member 8, supports a
bearing sleeve 13 for a mixing shaft 14 which protrudes centrally
into the sleeve 2 and which is connected at its upper end by an
elastic coupling 15 to a drive shaft 16. This drive shaft 16 passes
through the mounting plate 12 and through a bushing 17 fixed
thereon. The drive shaft 16 is connected to a rope pulley 18 which
may be driven by means of ropes (not shown) by a driving means, for
example an electromotor. As an alternative, this motor can also be
connected directly to the drive shaft 16. The bearing sleeve 13
accommodates bearings 19, 20 for the mixing shaft 14.
The mixing shaft 14 carries a number -- two, in the embodiment
shown -- of downwardly spaced blade holder blocks 21, each of which
is equipped with four blade holders 22 into which blades 23 are
fitted.
The bottom plate 6 is mounted on a pivot plate 24, likewise
provided with a passage opening for the sleeve 2 which is in line
with the passage opening in the bottom plate 6. The pivot plate 24
is supported on one side in a pivotal manner by stationary brackets
25 and may pivot about a horizontal swivel axis. On the opposite
side of the pivot plate 24, supports 26, which may pivot about an
axis which is parallel to the swivel axis of the pivot plate 24,
are fitted in slots 27 in the pivot plate 24, which slots 27 are
perpendicular to this swivel axis. A screw spindle 28 extends
through each support 26 and may pivot at 29 about an axis which is
parallel to the swivel axis of the pivot plate 24. Each screw
spindle 28 bears a displaceable check nut 30 underneath the support
26 and a displaceable retaining nut 31 above the support 26. The
pivot plate 24 may be pivoted with the aid of the check nut 30 and
the retaining nut 31, allowing the angle which the central axis of
the sleeve 2 makes with the vertical to be set between, for
example, 0.degree. and 60.degree..
As shown in particular in FIG. 1, the blade holder blocks 21 with
the blade holders 22 and the blades 23 fitted therein extend solely
in the upper zone of the sleeve 2, a free granulating space 32
being thus provided underneath these blades 23 in the sleeve 2.
Under the influence of gravity, the rapidly rotating particles of
the mixture move in the free space 32 underneath the blades 23 in
such a way as to follow a helical course towards the lower zone of
the sleeve 2, the particles performing a rolling motion along the
wall of the sleeve 2 and being built up to form a granulate. The
granulated particles which leave the sleeve 2 at the underside are
still moist and, in many cases still possess insufficient strength.
Therefore, these particles may be conveyed to a dryer (not
shown).
The blade holder blocks 21 mounted on the mixing shaft 14 have an
at least substantially square outer circumference. Alternatively,
this outer circumference may also have the form of an equilateral
triangle or of another equilateral polygon.
A blade holder 22 is fixed to each side of each blade holder block
21. Each blade holder 22 has two slots 33, wherein the end portion
of a blade 23 is detachably locked with the aid of a bolt 34 having
a smooth end which fittingly projects through a hole in the end
portion of the blade. Each blade holder 22 is secured by means of
two bolts 35 to a retaining member 37 which is rotatable through
360.degree. about an axis of rotation perpendicular to the mixing
shaft 14. This retaining member 37 is accommodated in a chamber in
the corresponding blade holder block 21 and is secured against
outward displacement by means of a collar 36 of the blade holder
block 21. Furthermore, the retaining member 37 may be locked in
each angular position with respect to the corresponding blade
holder block 21 with the aid of the bolts 35.
Each retaining member 37 fits with a central centering ring 39,
which projects from the end face 38, in a recess 40 in the
corresponding blade holder 22. Each side of each blade holder block
21 is provided with a cylindrical recess 41, the central axis of
which is perpendicular to the mixing shaft 14 and into which a
cylindrical end of the corresponding blade holder 22 is fittingly
inserted.
In the embodiment according to FIG. 3, filling rings 42 are
arranged between the bottom of the cylindrical recess 41 in the
blade holder block 21 and a projecting outer annular flange 43 of
the corresponding blade holder 22. When tightening the bolts 35,
for the fixation of a blade holder 22 in a given angular position
with respect to the blade holder block 21, the central portion of
this blade holder 22 becomes slightly bent as a result of the
presence of the flange 43, causing the slots 33 in the blade holder
22 to become somewhat narrower on the outside. The blades are thus
very effectively secured in their slots 33, and vibration is
prevented.
The filling rings 42 can be used, for example, when the blades 23
have become shorter under the influence of wear and the amount of
play between their end and the sleeve 2 has become too large, which
has a harmful effect upon the mixing quality.
Further, if a blade holder 22 which bears obliquely positioned
blades 23 (FIGS. 4a and 4b) is rotated with respect to the blade
holder block 21 from the position shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b,
respectively, there results an increase in the circle described by
the ends of these blades 23 in the course of rotation of the mixing
shaft 14. In order to obviate the risk of the ends of these blades
23 coming into contact with the sleeve 2, shorter blades 23 should
be mounted, or one or more of the filling rings 42 that were used
should be removed.
Each blade holder block 21 has a cylindrical bore through which the
mixing shaft 14 extends. Each blade holder block 21 is displaceable
along the mixing shaft 14 and can be fixed in each position with
respect to this mixing shaft 14 by means of bolts 44.
At most two blades 23 can be fastened in each blade holder 22.
Several blade positions are shown in FIGS. 4a-d.
In the embodiment according to FIG. 4a, the blade holders 22 bear,
in the position shown, one blade 23 pointing obliquely upwards and
one blade 23 pointing obliquely downwards.
In the embodiment according to FIG. 4b, the blade holders 22 bear
one blade 23 pointing obliquely upwards and one horizontal blade
23. As an alternative (not shown), one blade 23 of the blade
holders 22 can point obliquely downwards, the other blade 23 being
horizontal.
In FIG. 4c, the blade holders 22 bear two horizontal blades 23, and
in FIG. 4d the blade holders 22 are equipped with only one blade 23
in horizontal position. The other slot 33 of the blade holders 22
receives a filling piece 45 which is detachably locked with a bolt
34 in the same manner as a blade 23.
It is possible to equip a blade holder block 21 with two blade
holders according to FIG. 4a or FIG. 4b, and with two blade holders
according to FIG. 4c or FIG. 4d. Use can also be made of other
combinations of different sets of blades 23 for each blade holder
block 21.
The downwardly moving material is brought into turbulence by the
rotating blades 23. The measure of this turbulence can be
influenced by such factors as the choice of the blades 23, their
shape and their angular position. The obliquely positioned blades
23 convey the product to the centre of the mixing chamber 1, while
the horizontal blades 23 mainly have a centrifugal effect and
convey the material to the wall of the sleeve 2. The material thus
assumes the aforementioned helical course along the wall of the
mixing chamber 1. The pitch of the spiral can be adjusted in
several ways, a.o. by rotating the blade holders 22 with respect to
the corresponding blade holder blocks 21.
Another important factor which affects the speed eventually assumed
by the product in the mixing chamber 1 consists in the choice of
the leading edge of the blades 23. With the blades 23 rotating with
their sharp side in front, less energy is consumed than with the
blades rotating with the blunt side in front, as less turbulence
occurs.
The mixing chamber 1 will generally be filled only partially with
the initial material and the mixture obtained therefrom, the
balance being made up by turbulent air which contributes toward
cooling the product. The particles can float freely in the
turbulent air, in which way it is reached that the liquid particles
are not rubbed into the powder particles but are enveloped by the
powder particles. A mixture is thus obtained which consists of
externally dry particles.
In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, use is made of a support 46
which is coaxial with respect to the sleeve 2 and which is composed
of a number of upright strips 47 parallel to the mixing shaft 14,
which are connected to each other by means of a number of support
rings 48. This support 46 bears a plurality of rollers 49, each of
which has an axis of rotation which crosses the mixing shaft 14
perpendicularly. The support rings 48, which are coaxial with the
sleeve 2, are each equipped with two roller groups comprising a
plurality of rollers 49 that are uniformly distributed over the
circumference of the wall of the sleeve 2. The rollers 49 in
successive roller groups are arranged in staggered and overlapping
positions with respect to each other. Each roller 49 is journalled
on a bearing strip 50 which is secured to the corresponding support
ring 48. The support 46 comprises guide bushings 51 which are
fastened to upright strips 47 and which are slidably mounted on
guide rods 52 that are parallel to the mixing shaft 14. These guide
rods 52 are rigidly secured between the top plate 5 and the bottom
plate 6. The support 46 is provided with lateral strips 53 which
are engaged by the piston rods of a number of cylinder and piston
assemblies 54 which are mounted on the bottom plate 6 and which can
impart a reciprocating movement to the support 46 and therefore to
the rollers 49.
The rollers 49, the circumference of which may be adapted to the
shape of the wall of the sleeve 2 and which are in contact with the
sleeve 2, bring about a local inward bend in the flexible sleeve 2
during their reciprocating movement.
When the mixer is in operation, the cylinder and piston assemblies
54 are so controlled that they impart a continuous reciprocating
movement to the support 46 and to the attached roller groups. Each
roller 49 induces at its location of contact with the sleeve 2 an
inward bend in the sleeve 2. Since the flexible material,
specifically rubber, of which the sleeve 2 is made, although
deformable is virtually not compressible, the sleeve 2 will
slightly protrude immediately above and below the inward bend that
has been formed.
Protruding ridges are further formed in the flexible sleeve 2
between the rollers 49 of the groups. Since the rollers 49 in
successive groups are mutually staggered in the manner described,
the protruding ridges and the inward bends of the flexible sleeve 2
are always staggered in the same way with respect to each
other.
During the upward and downward movement of the support 46 with the
attached roller groups, an inward bend and a protrusion will be
alternately formed all along the sleeve 2. The product which has
become encrusted on the sleeve 2 is broken up when its location is
inward bent, after which the same product is virtually compressed
just thereafter, when a protrusion is formed at the same location.
This very effectively results in the detachment of the deposit from
the sleeve 2.
* * * * *