U.S. patent number 3,886,639 [Application Number 05/438,682] was granted by the patent office on 1975-06-03 for method of making a finned heat exchanger.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Peerless of America, Incorporated. Invention is credited to Stephen F. Pasternak.
United States Patent |
3,886,639 |
Pasternak |
* June 3, 1975 |
Method of making a finned heat exchanger
Abstract
A heat exchanger embodying an elongated tubular member with
integral fins, in the form of spines, projecting outwardly
therefrom in rows, with the transversely adjacent fins in adjacent
rows being disposed different distances from an end of the tubular
member.
Inventors: |
Pasternak; Stephen F. (Park
Ridge, IL) |
Assignee: |
Peerless of America,
Incorporated (Chicago, IL)
|
[*] Notice: |
The portion of the term of this patent
subsequent to July 17, 1990 has been disclaimed. |
Family
ID: |
23741595 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/438,682 |
Filed: |
February 1, 1975 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
72/325;
29/890.046; 165/181 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B21J
5/068 (20200801); B21D 53/02 (20130101); B21D
31/00 (20130101); Y10T 29/49378 (20150115) |
Current International
Class: |
B21D
31/00 (20060101); B21D 53/02 (20060101); B21d
053/02 (); B23p 015/26 () |
Field of
Search: |
;29/157.3A,157.3B
;72/325 ;165/179,181 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Herbst; Richard J.
Assistant Examiner: Reilley, III; D. C.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Root & O'Keeffe
Claims
I claim:
1. The method of making heat transfer element, comprising
a. forming an elongated tubular member having a wall portion with
spaced elongated external ribs extending longitudinally of said
tubular member, and
b. successively, from one end portion of said tubular member toward
the other end portion thereof,
1. cutting fins from a plurality of said ribs simultaneously, and
by means of a cutting tool having cutting surfaces aligned with
respective ones of said ribs and having alternate ones of said
cutting surfaces being offset longitudinally of said ribs from the
immediately transversely adjacent cutting surfaces, and
c. to thereby
1. afford
a'. elongated base portions
1'. extending across said ribs transversely to the length thereof
and
2'. directly attached to said ribs, and
b'. free end portions projecting outwardly therefrom, and
2.
2. dispose said free end portions of said fins in position wherein
said free end portions of said fins on alternate ones of said rows
are disposed a different distance from one end of said tubular
member than the free end portions on immediately transversely
adjacent fins in the other said rows.
. The method of making a heat transfer element as defined in claim
1, and in which
a. the immediately transversely adjacent fins on adjacent rows are
formed with longitudinally aligned base portions.
3. The method of making a heat transfer element as defined in claim
1, and in which
a. the fins in said alternate rows are formed with said base
portions thereof aligned transversely to the length of said tubular
member along lines extending between said base portions of the
adjacent pairs of fins in said other rows.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to heat exchangers and, more particularly,
to heat exchangers of the type embodying outwardly projecting
fins.
It is a primary object of the present invention to afford a novel
heat exchanger of the finned type, and a novel method of making
such a heat exchanger.
Another object is to afford a novel method of making finned heat
exchangers of the type disclosed in my U.S. Pat. No. 3,746,086
issued July 17, 1973.
Another object of the present invention is to afford a novel finned
heat exchanger, wherein the fins are formed by cutting or gouging
them from wall portions of the heat exchanger.
Another object is to afford a novel finned heat exchanger wherein
the fins are formed by cutting or gouging them from the ribs of
ribbed tubular stock.
Heat exchangers embodying spines formed from outwardly projecting
ribs on a tubular member have been disclosed in R. W. Kritzer U.S.
Pat. Nos. 3,202,212 and 3,229,722. Heat exchangers of the type
disclosed in the aforementioned Kritzer patents have proven to be
very effective. However, it is an object of the present invention
to afford improvements over heat exchangers of the type disclosed
in the aforementioned Kritzer patents.
Another object of the present invention is to afford a novel finned
heat exchanger having fins in the form of outwardly projecting
spines constituted and arranged in a novel and expeditious
manner.
Another object of the present invention is to afford a novel finned
heat exchanger which is practical and efficient in operation and
which may be readily and economically produced commercially.
Other and further objects of the present invention will be apparent
from the following description and claims and are illustrated in
the accompanying drawings which, by way of illustration, show
preferred embodiments of the present invention and the principles
thereof and what I now consider to be the best mode in which I have
contemplated applying these principles. Other embodiments of the
invention embodying the same or equivalent principles may be used
and structural changes may be made as desired by those skilled in
the art without departing from the present invention and the
purview of the appended claims.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a length of heat exchanger element
embodying the principles of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a fragmentary, side elevational view of a portion of the
heat exchanger element shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged, somewhat diagrammatic, fragmentary,
sectional view taken substantially on the line 3--3 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view similar to FIG. 1, but showing a
modified form of the present invention; and
FIG. 5 is a fragmentary, side elevational view of a portion of the
heat exchanger element shown in FIG. 4.
DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS SHOWN HEREIN
A heat exchanger element 1 embodying the principles of the present
invention, is shown in FIGS. 1-3 of the drawings as one end portion
of an elongated tubular member 2, to illustrate the presently
preferred embodiment of the present invention, and to illustrate
the presently preferred method of making heat exchangers in
accordance with the principles of the present invention.
As will be discussed in greater detail hereinafter, in the
preferred practice of the present invention the heat exchanger
element 1 preferably is formed from a suitable length of tubular
stock, such as the tubular member 2, working from one end portion A
of the tubular member 2, FIG. 1, toward the other end B thereof,
and severing the heat exchanger 1 from the remainder B-C of the
tubular member 2 upon completion of the forming of the desired
length of heat exchanger, such as, for example, the length A-C.
The heat exchanger element 1 embodies, in general, an elongated
tubular body portion 3 having elongated fins 4, 5 and 6 projecting
outwardly, in rows, from elongated, outwardly projecting ribs 7, 8
and 9, respectively, which extend longitudinally of the tubular
member 2 in parallel spaced relation to each other. Each of the
fins 4-6 embodies an elongated base portion 10 and an outer free
end portion 11. As will be discussed in greater detail presently,
the fins 4-6 are formed from the tubular body member 2, and the
base portions 10 thereof are integral with the adjacent, underlying
portion of the tubular body portion 3 of the finished heat
exchanger.
The tubular member 2 shown in the drawings is substantially
rectangular in transverse cross section, embodying a top wall 12
and a bottom wall 13 disposed in substantially parallel relation to
each other, and two oppositely disposed side walls 14 and 15
extending between the respective longitudinal edges of the walls 12
and 13 in substantially perpendicular relation thereto. Openings 16
extend longitudinally through the tubular member 2. As will be
appreciated by those skilled in the art, the tubular member 2 is
shown in FIGS. 1-3 as being rectangular in transverse cross section
and as having a plurality of openings 16 extending therethrough
merely by way of illustration and not by way of limitation, and
tubular members having shapes other than rectangular and having a
single opening extending longitudinally therethrough may be
afforded without departing from the purview of the present
invention.
The tubular member 2, from which the heat exchanger 1, shown in the
drawings, is made, may be formed of any suitable material, such as,
for example, aluminum, and, preferably, in addition to the three
ribs 7-9, which project outwardly from the top wall 12, embodies
three similar ribs 17, 18 and 19 on the bottom wall 13.
In making that heat exchanger 1, a tubular member such as the
tubular member 2, and embodying the ribs 7-9 and 17-19 extending
the full length thereof, may first be formed. Thereafter, the fins
4-6 may be successively formed on the ribs 7-9 from one end portion
of the tubular member 2, such as the end portion A, toward the
other end B thereof. The fins 4-6 may be cut or gouged from the
ribs 7-9, respectively, from which they extend, by means of a
suitable cutting tool, such as the cutting tool 20 shown in FIG.
1.
The cutting tool 20 embodies three elongated cutting surfaces 21,
22 and 23, disposed in laterally offset relation to each other in
position to be moved longitudinally of the ribs 7-9, respectively.
The two cutting surfaces 21 and 23, which are the two outermost
cutting surfaces on the cutting tool 20, are disposed in uniplanar
relation to each other. Preferably, the cutting edges 24 of the
cutting surfaces 21-23, which are disposed at the lower ends of the
respective cutting surfaces 21-23, are disposed in unilinear
relation to each other.
In the cutting tool 20, the cutting surface 22, which is disposed
between the cutting surfaces 21 and 23, projects outwardly to the
right, as viewed in FIG. 1, from the cutting edge 24 thereof a
greater distance than the cutting surfaces 21 and 23 project from
their respective cutting edges 24, to thereby dispose the main body
portion of the cutting surface 22 forwardly of the cutting surfaces
21 and 23 in the direction of travel of the cutting tool 20 during
a cutting operation, which is from left to right, as viewed in FIG.
1. The cutting surfaces 21-23 are of such width, and are so
disposed relative to each other, that each may be moved
longitudinally along a respective one of the ribs 7-9 during a
cutting operation of the tool 20.
In the operation of the cutting tool 20, it reciprocates through a
series of spaced cutting strokes from the end A toward the end B of
the tubular member 2, with the cutting surfaces 21-23 cutting and
raising fins 4-6 from the ribs 7-9, respectively. Referring to FIG.
3, which is a somewhat diagrammatic view through the rib 8 and one
of the fins 5 thereon, the fins 4-6 are formed on each of the ribs
7-9, respectively, by passage of the cutting surfaces 21-23,
respectively, along successive, parallel paths of travel, such as
the paths of travel 25 and 26 shown on the rib 8 in FIG. 3. As the
cutting edges 24 move downwardly along the successive paths of
travel, the main body portions of the cutting surfaces 21-23 turn
the metal thus severed from the underlying respective one of the
ribs 7-9 upwardly into outwardly projecting position. Actually,
because of the spacing of the successive cut lines 25 and 26 along
the outer faces of the ribs 7-9, after the initial fins 4-6 are
formed on the ribs 7-9, sloping end portions like end portions 27
shown in FIG. 3, are initially formed upon the outer end portions
of each of the fins 4-6. However, the cutting operation causes the
fins 4-6 to compress longitudinally so that, as a practical matter,
the tapers 27 substantially disappear on fins of usual thickness,
to thereby afford a relatively smooth-sided appearance for the
outer ends of the fins 4-6 similar to that shown in FIGS. 1 and
2.
It will be remembered that the main body portion of the cutting
surface 22 is disposed forwardly of the main body portions of the
cutting surfaces 21 and 23. Thus, in the formation of the fins 4-6,
although the bases 10 of the immediately transversely adjacent fins
4-6 in the adjacent rows thereof extending along the ribs 7-8 are
disposed in unilinear relation to each other, the outer free end
portions 11 of each of the fins 5 on the central rib 8 projects
forwardly away from the end B of the tubular member 2 a greater
distance than the fins 4 and 6 on the ribs 7 and 9,
respectively.
With this construction of the heat exchanger 1, the free end
portions 11 of the ribs 5 in alternate ones of the rows afforded
along the ribs 7-8 project forwardly out of uniplanar relation to
the fins 4 and 6 disposed immediately transversely adjacent
thereto, to thereby afford obstructions extending transversely
across the passageways between the fins 4-6 spaced longitudinally
of the body member 3. This construction is effective to increase
the static drop through the heat exchanger 1, when air flow
thereacross is in a direction transverse to the length of the
surface from which the ribs 4-6 project. It is also effective to
increase the turbulance of the air thus flowing across the heat
exchanger 1, and to increase the heat transfer capacity of the heat
exchanger 1 for the same volume of air passing across such a
surface, as compared to a heat exchanger construction wherein the
immediately transversely adjacent fins are all disposed in
uniplanar relation to each other.
After thus forming the fins 4 along the desired length of the
tubular member 2, such as the length A-C, the tubular member 2 may
be severed transversely to its length at the point C to thereby
afford a finished heat exchanger element having fins 4-6 spaced
along the length thereof. The heat exchanger 1 is shown in the
drawings as having fins 4-6 projecting outwardly from only the top
wall 12 thereof, and, if desired, it may be so formed. However, if
desired, fins, similar to the fins 4-6 may be cut from other sides
of the tubular member 2, such as, for example, from the ribs 17-19
on the bottom wall 13.
In FIGS. 4 and 5 a modified form of the present invention is shown,
and parts which are the same as parts shown in FIGS. 1-3 are
indicated by the same reference numerals, and parts which are
similar to, but substituted for parts shown in FIGS. 1-3 are
indicated by the same reference numerals with the suffix a added
thereto.
The heat exchanger 1a shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is the same in
construction as the heat exchanger shown in FIG. 1, except that the
bases 10 of the fins 4 and 6 disposed on the ribs 7 and 9 are not
in alignment with the bases 10a of any of the fins 5a disposed on
the rib 8.
In the cutting tool 20a, the entire cutting surface 22a, including
the cutting edge 24a thereof is disposed forwardly of the cutting
surfaces 21 and 23. Preferably, the cutting surface 22a projects
forwardly of the cutting surfaces 21 and 23 half the distance that
the fins 4-6 are spaced longitudinally of the ribs 7-8, so that the
immediately transversely adjacent fins 4 and 6 on the ribs 7 and 9
are disposed in uniplanar relation to each other, with the adjacent
fins 5a on the rib 8 disposed midway therebetween.
With this construction, the transverse passageways afforded between
adjacent pairs of fins 4 and 6 spaced longitudinally of the ribs 7
and 9 are partially blocked by fins 5a disposed midway
therebetween, to thereby afford a narrowed, tortuous path through
the fins 4-6 transversely to the length of the heat exchanger
1a.
It is to be observed that although only three rows of fins are
shown on the heat exchangers 1 and 1a, this is merely by way of
illustration and not by way of limitation, and that heat exchangers
embodying a greater number of finned ribs spaced transversely
thereacross may be afforded and formed without departing from the
purview of the present invention. Also, if desired, fins in rows
other than alternate rows, such as, for example, alternate adjacent
pairs of rows, and the like, may be offset from each other without
departing from the purview of the present invention.
From the foregoing it will be seen that the present invention
affords a novel heat exchanger of the finned type, wherein the fins
are in the form of spines.
Also it will be seen that the present invention affords a novel
method of forming such a heat exchanger.
In addition, it will be seen that the present invention affords a
novel finned heat exchanger which is practical and efficient in
operation, and which may be readily and economically produced
commercially.
Thus, while I have illustrated and described the preferred
embodiments of my invention, it is to be understood that these are
capable of variation and modification, and I therefore do not wish
to be limited to precise details set forth, but desire to avail
myself of such changes and alterations as fall within the purview
of the following claims.
* * * * *