U.S. patent number 3,886,011 [Application Number 05/397,245] was granted by the patent office on 1975-05-27 for apparatus and procedure for applying marking stripes.
Invention is credited to Ludwig Eigenmann.
United States Patent |
3,886,011 |
Eigenmann |
May 27, 1975 |
Apparatus and procedure for applying marking stripes
Abstract
An apparatus associated with a motor driven vehicle capable of
travelling on a road surface in a direction defined by the marking
line to be formed on said surface, the apparatus comprising, in
combination a device for placing on said road surface a primer or
bonding layer of width larger than that of the tape which has a
sticky tape-receiving upper surface, means including one or more
rollers for applying and pressing a marking tape on the freshly
formed and still sticky bonding layer, means for positioning a
temporarily protective flexible or liquid film under said roller,
such that the tape and the adjacent side portions of said sticky
bonding layer will remain uncovered after the passage of the roller
or rollers, and means for applying a further layer of sand on the
uncovered portions of the bonding layer for minimizing its adhesive
characteristics and allowing immediate accessibility of the marked
road to traffic. A procedure for applying the tape by using the
apparatus.
Inventors: |
Eigenmann; Ludwig (Vacallo,
Canton Ticino, CH) |
Family
ID: |
23570407 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/397,245 |
Filed: |
September 14, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
156/71; 156/555;
239/150; 118/310; 156/575; 404/94 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E01C
23/185 (20130101); Y10T 156/179 (20150115); Y10T
156/1741 (20150115) |
Current International
Class: |
E01C
23/00 (20060101); E01C 23/18 (20060101); B32b
031/12 () |
Field of
Search: |
;404/72,79,93,94
;118/308,310,311,305 ;239/150 ;156/71,459,523,575,555 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Whitby; Edward G.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Striker; Michael S.
Claims
I claim:
1. In an apparatus for applying traffic lines and markings on a
road surface, a combination comprising means for placing a bonding
layer on the road surface, said bonding layer having an adhesive
upper surface when freshly formed; means including a first and
second roller means for applying and pressing a marking tape of a
width less than the width of said bonding layer onto said adhesive
upper surface while the apparatus travels on the road surface;
means for temporarily positioning a protective film intermediate
said roller means and said marking tape and adhesive upper surface
where said roller means contacts said marking tape and the adjacent
uncovered lateral portions of said bonding layer; and means for
depositing a layer of powdery material on at least said uncovered
lateral portions so as to become embedded in the uncovered portions
of said bonding layer to minimize the adhesiveness of said upper
surface of the latter.
2. The apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein said positioning
means comprises a delivery coil, a take-up coil, and roller guide
means positioned and driven for continuously supplying said film in
the form of a thin strip of flexible material under said first
roller means which engages said tape intermediate said roller means
and said tape, and for concurrently continuously removing said film
from above said tape downstream to said second roller means which
presses on said tape.
3. The apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein said positioning
means further comprises a temporarily film forming strip of
flexible material arranged in a closed loop circulating about said
roller means which applies and presses said tape on said bonding
layer, and cleaning means positioned for frictionally engaging the
outer surface of said closed loop at a position spaced from the
part of said loop adjacent to said tape for continuously removing
from said strip any substance which may have been stuck on said
strip where engaged with said tape and said uncovered portions of
said bonding layer.
4. The apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein said closed loop
film forming strip consists of a fine flexible network.
5. The apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein said positioning
means further comprises wetting means positioned for continuously
applying and re-forming a liquid film on the surface of said roller
means which applies and presses said tape on said bonding layer,
and dirt and liquid film removing means engaging the surface of
said roller means after said surface has engaged said applied tape
and said uncovered portions of said bonding layer.
6. The apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein said depositing
means comprises a feedbox adapted to store a supply of said powdery
material, said feedbox being connected to outlet means positioned
above said uncovered portions of said bonding layer, downstream of
said roller means which has applied and pressed said tape on said
layer, and valve and metering means cooperatively associated with
said outlet means for meteredly issuing streams of said powdery
material from said outlet means onto said uncovered portions.
7. The apparatus as defined in claim 6, wherein said feedbox has a
source of pressurized air connected to its lower portion, and said
outlet means is connected to the upper portion of said feedbox
whereby a stream of air will transport in suspension said powdery
material.
8. The apparatus as defined in claim 6, wherein said feedbox has
said outlet means at its lower portion, and issuing and metering
mechanical means are cooperatively arranged in said outlet
means.
9. A method of applying traffic lines and markings on a road
surface, comprising the steps of placing a bonding layer on the
road surface, said layer having an adhesive upper surface when
freshly formed; applying and pressing with rolling means a marking
tape of a width less than the width of said layer onto said
adhesive surface; temporarily positioning a protective film
intermediaate said roller means and said tape and said adhesive
surface to prevent contact of said roller means with the uncovered
portions of said surface laterally of said tape; and depositing a
layer of powdery material onto at least said uncovered portions for
embedding in said uncovered portions of said upper surface of said
bonding layer to minimize the adhesiveness of said upper
surface.
10. The method as defined in claim 9, wherein said temporarily
protective film consists of a continuous thin strip of flexible
material continuously fed under said roller means which applies and
presses the tape on the bonding layer inermediate said roller means
and said tape, and wherein the step of positioning a protective
film further includes the step of concurrently continuously
taking-up said film from under said roller means which has pressed
said tape onto said bonding layer.
11. The method as defined in claim 9, wherein the step of
positioning said temporarily protective film includes the steps of
forming a liquid film made of a solution of an agent having surface
tension properties, continuously applying and re-forming said
liquid film on the surface of said roller means, and continuously
removing therefrom together with any substances which have
contacted said surface.
12. The method as defined in claim 9, wherein the step of
depositing said powdery layer includes the step of forming at least
one stream of sand on the surface of the uncovered portions of said
bonding layer.
13. The method as defined in claim 12, wherein said step of forming
said stream of sand includes the step of transporting said sand in
suspension by means of injecting a pressurized air stream through
said sand.
14. The method as defined in claim 12, wherein said step of forming
said stream of said includes the step of arranging mechanical means
so as to cooperate with an outlet of a storage means wherein an
amount of sand is stored.
15. The method as defned in claim 1, wherein said step of arranging
mechanical means includes the step of vibrating said outlet of said
storage means so as to cause said stream of sand to issue.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
a. The Field of the Invention
The present invention is concerned with the art of forming traffic
dividing and regulating lines on roadway pavements by applying on
and adhesively securing to the road surface a marking material,
said surface having been coated with a tape receiving under-layer
(or "primer" layer) of a suitable, essentially bituminous, adhesive
capable of quickly setting. More particularly, this invention is
concerned with a new and improved apparatus for and a novel
procedure of applying a marking tape material in such a manner that
the accessibility of the marked roadway to traffic will hardly be
discontinued.
B. The Prior Art
The technology of providing traffic regulating lines on a road
surface by applying a marking tape of essentially elasto-plastic
nature thereon has been widely developed and improved in recent
years, and it is now a well worked one. No extensive comments are
deemed necessary on this art. Such tape materials can be laid on
the road pavement by a machine which travels along the roadway with
minimal disturbance of the traffic. Examples of such machines have
been described in detail in Pat. Specifications Nos. 3,007,838 and
3,155,564 issued in the United States of America to the inventor of
the present invention.
An important improvement over this technology has consisted of
preliminarily forming on the road surface a smooth and impervious
layer of a bitumen-based composition and then applying the tape
material on such layer, principally when its composition is still
substantially plastic and sticky. Means for taking advantage of
such improved art have been described, for example, in U.S. Pat.
Specification No. 3,262,375, also issued in the United States of
America to the present inventor.
The sticky characteristic of the surface of the primer or bonding
or tape-receiving layer (which is necessarily wider than the tape
to be applied thereon) is of paramount importance for insuring the
prompt adhesion of the tape. Such an adhesive characteristic leads,
however, to serious drawbacks. Although the most recent
compositions and procedures of forming such bonding layers provide
for a very prompt setting thereof and for a nearly immediate
stabilization of the tape thereon, the side portions of the layer,
uncoated by the tape, maintain their noticeably sticky character
for an undesirably long time. Therefore, parts and fragments of
such uncoated portions not only will stick on the surfaces of the
roller or rollers employed for positioning and pressing the tape on
the layer, but will also stick on the wheels of traffic vehicles
thus damaging the marking, prejudicing the good adhesion of the
tape edge portions, and spoiling the neat marginal definition of
the traffic regulating line or marking.
It is therefore an object of this invention to provide a new and
improved apparatus and procedure for applying marking tapes on road
surfaces by providing the same with a sticky bonding layer in such
a manner that the sticky nature of the surface of the uncoated
portions of said layer will be immediately eliminated or at least
so minimized after the laying down of the tape, so as to obviate
such drawbacks and to promply restore the availability to traffic
on the freshly marked portions of the roadway.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to the invention, there is provided an apparatus
including means for and a procedure comprising steps of (i)
providing a temporarily protective film under the roller means
arranged and employed for applying and pressing the tape material
on a preliminarily and freshly applied bonding layer on the road
surface, (ii) causing the portions of said layer, not coated by the
tape, to be uncovered after the passage of said roller means, and
(iii) applying on said uncovered portions a layer of essentially
powdery or finely particulated material, such as sand, adapted to
immediately stick on and be incorporated in the surface of said
uncovered portions of the primer layer so that the undesirable
sticky character thereof will be eliminated or minimized.
These and other important objects, advantages and features of the
invention will be made apparent to those skilled in the art from
the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of same
invention. Reference will be made to the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatical cross-sectional illustration of a
marking tape applied according to the invention on a roadway
pavement;
FIG. 2 is a simplified longitudinal vertical sectional view of an
apparatus embodying the principles of the invention, the structural
details being omitted as easily conceivable, if individually
considered, by those skilled in the art to which this invention
appertains;
FIGS. 3 to 7 inclusive are fragmentary sectional views and partly
side views of several embodiments of the device provided for
forming the said layer of powdery material, FIG. 6 being a
cross-sectional view taken in the plane indicated at VI--VI in FIG.
5;
FIG. 8 is a fragmentary view, seen in a direction parallel to that
defined by the applied tape, of a preferred arrangement of said
device; and
FIGS. 9 to 12 inclusive are diagrammatical perspective views of
several arrangements adapted for positioning the said temporarily
protective film under the said roller means.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring first to FIG. 1, there is shown a tape material 10
applied on and partially embedded into, according to prior art, a
freshly applied bonding or primer layer 12 on a road surface S. In
view of having the tape 10 firmly secured to the road pavement and
of having the side edges of same tape 10 fully protected, the
bonding layer 12 has a width Ls noticeably larger than the actual
width Lm of the tape 10, so that precise relative lateral
positioning of the tape and of the layer can be taken into account
and compensated for.
Therefore, noticeably wide side portions 12s of the bonding layer
12 remain uncovered by the tape. The uncovered portions causes the
above described drawbacks when the tape material was applied
according to prior art. According to an essential feature of the
invention, a further layer 14 of essentially powdery material, as
sand, is then applied on the previously applied tape and bonding
layer, spanning a width Lp larger than the width of the bonding
layer. The feature of the provision for applying such a further
layer 14 consists in the complete covering of the surface of the
uncovered portions 12s of the bonding layer in order to minimize
the sticky character thereof.
On the other hand, it is evident that such a sticky character is
disadvantageous for the surface of the roller means employed for
applying and pressing the tape 10 on and into the bonding layer 12.
It is also evident that the same or similar powdery material cannot
be applied on the bonding layer 12 before the application of the
tape 10 thereon, because such an early application of the sand will
prevent critical optimal adherence of the tape to the bonding
layer.
According to a further critical feature of the invention, the
surface of said roller means and/or of the tape material are
provisionally and temporarily protected by positioning a suitable
film under said roller means as said latter means rollingly engages
the marking tape being laid and pressed on the freshly formed
primer layer.
FIG. 2 illustrates a typical combination and arrangement of parts,
components, and devices in an apparatus according to the principles
of the invention and comprising a wheeled frame structure designed
to be followed by a motor driven vehicle (not shown) on which the
various sources of energy (electrical, pressurized fluids and so
on) and storage means for the various materials to be applied on
the road surface are located.
The illustrated apparatus comprises a tape applying roller 16 and a
tape pressing roller 18, arranged for operating upstream of a
suitable device D which is adapted to lay the bonding layer 12 on
the road surface S. The direction of the motion of the apparatus is
indicated as A. The temporary protective film consists of a thin
film 20 continuously unwound from a coil 22, guidedly passed under
the rollers 16 and 18, and then taken-up in another coil 24, whose
outer surface is frictionally engaged with the surface of roller 18
for taking-up such film at the speed at which the vehicle travels
in direction A. This thin film 20 may consist of a thin continuous
polyethylene strip, any other suitable plastic material or any
non-plastic material, such as waxed paper.
After the passage of the last ground engaging roller (roller 18, in
FIG. 2), the side portions 12s of the bonding layer 12 remain
uncovered. A metered stream 30 of powdery material, such as sand,
is issued from the lower outlet 32 of a suitable feedbox connected
to a known vibrator 34 and supplied through a duct 36 from a supply
container 38. The flow of the stream 30 of sand can be preferably
controlled discontinued by means of a plug 40 controlled by a fluid
operated actuator 42.
The means for discontinuing the flow of stream 30, such as the plug
40, are evidently actuated in proper phase relationship with the
discontinuance of the bonding layer and marking tape application.
Such a discontinuance is preferably achieved (according to the art)
by discontinuing the supply of device D, raising the roller 16,
supported by a rearwardly swingable brace 44 connected to an
actuator 46, and operating a cutter device 48 which transversally
cuts the marking tape 10.
Different devices can be employed for metering the issuance of the
stream 30 in the proper direction and the feed rate for forming the
layer 14 which minimizes the sticky nature of the uncovered
portions 12s of the bonding layer 12, as soon as the tape 10 has
been pressed thereon and adhesively engaged thereto. As shown in
FIG. 3, the device comprises a feedbox 52 adapted for storing a
suitable amount 50 of sand. A stream of pressurized air is fed
through a duct 54 controlled by a fluid actuated valv 56 at the
bottom of the feedbox and the powdery material is carried in
suspension through an outlet duct 58 to nozzle means 60. The stream
30 is metered by suitably adjusting the pressure and/or the rate of
the pressurized air from duct 54.
As shown in FIG. 4, the feed rate of the stream 30 is controlled by
rotary adjustment of a rotary slot-type valve 64 located at the
bottom outlet of a feedbox 62, wherein the downward motion of the
sand 50 can be insured by a vibrator (not shown).
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the feedbox 62 is provided with a
grooved roller 66 located in its bottom outlet 68 and rotated via a
gearing 70 by a suitably variable speed fluid or electric motor
(not shown). The rate of flow of the stream 30 is metered by
adjusting the rotary speed of the grooved roller 66. The rate may
be discontinued by discontinuing such rotation.
As shown in FIG. 7, the stream 30 of sand is issued through a slot
outlet 74 formed at the bottom of a feedbox 72 having a stationary
bottom portion 76 downwardly converging over a vibratable slat
portion 78 vibrated by a vibrator 82. Another vibrator 80 provides
for proper downward motion of the sand 50 within the feedbox. The
rate of flow of the stream 30 is adjusted by adjusting the speed
and therefore the vibrational energy of vibrator 82.
FIG. 8 provides an example of selective placement of the sand to
provide the layer 14 (FIGS. 1 and 2) in the location of interest
only. The controlled outlet means (such as that of FIGS. 5 and 6)
comprise two separate parts whiich provide individually two streams
30a and 30b directed to cover with excess sand, the uncovered
portions 12s of the bonding layer. Such streams 30a and 30b are
spaced by an interval I smaller than the width Lm of the tape
10.
The said temporarily protective film under the roller means can
also be selectively provided by employing various means. FIG. 9
illustrates an arrangement adapted for an apparatus of the type
shown in FIG. 2. The polyethylene film 20 is supplied in direction
B by a guide roller 86 under the applying roller 16 concurrently
with the tape 10 and guided by a roller 84. FIG. 9 illustrates also
that the film 20 might be advantageously wider than the width Lm of
the tape or may at least partially cover the uncovered portions of
the primer layer 12 (FIG. 1), so that the edges of the tape, in
service on the road surface, will remain clean and neatly
defined.
FIG. 10 illustrates another embodiment in which the apparatus
comprises one roller 16 which performs both the applying and the
pressing of the tape 10. In this embodiment the film 20 is taken-up
immediately rearwardly of said one roller in the direction C for
being rewound.
FIG. 11 illustrates a further embodiment. The protective film
consists of a belt 88 driven in a closed loop about the applying
and pressure roller 16 and a guide roller 90. Of course, if the
apparatus further comprises two or more pressure rollers (such as
roller 18 of FIG. 2), the closed loop will circumscribe all the
rollers of the apparatus. Alternatively a corresponding arrangement
can be individually provided for protecting each roller. Suitable
cleaning means, such as a motor driven rotary brush 92, are
provided for continuously cleaning the belt 88. Such a belt may
consist of a suitable fabric of synthetic fibers, a fine mesh
textile network, a fine net or screen of metallic wires, or also a
flat flexible metallic or plastic band.
FIG. 12 illustrates a still further embodiment for forming the
protective film. In this embodiment, the film is a liquid film
continuously re-formed on the surface of roller 16 (or of the other
rollers provided in the apparatus, if any) by means of wetting
roller 94 made of spongy material and meteredly fed through a duct
96 and a rotary coupling 98 with a suitable liquid adapted to
prevent or minimize the adhesion of bitumen-based compositions on
the thus protected roller. Such liquid may consist of an aqueous
solution of a soap or of another agent possessing surface activity,
such as an alkyralic suphonate. The spongy wetting roller 94 can be
rotated, for example, by the same roller 16 by means of a suitable
transmission belt 100.
The liquid film prevents dirt, bitumen fragments, and so on from
sticking to the surface of the roller 16 (or of any other thus
protected roller). The film, the dirt, and the fragments carried
therein are continuously removed by suitably scraping means, such
as a doctor blade 102, a rotary brush (such as that indicated at 92
in FIG. 11), or other suitable means. It has been found that the
wetting of the uncovered portions 12s of the primer layer 12 (FIG.
1) does not prejudice the prompt penetration of the powdery
material thereinto, but also facilitates the cleaning of the upper
surface of the marking tape.
* * * * *