U.S. patent number 3,885,789 [Application Number 05/481,907] was granted by the patent office on 1975-05-27 for exercising device.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Michael E. Deluty. Invention is credited to Michael E. Deluty, Morton A. Levine.
United States Patent |
3,885,789 |
Deluty , et al. |
May 27, 1975 |
Exercising device
Abstract
An exercising device having a housing which is attached to a
stationary surface. A cord with a hand grip on its free end can be
pulled out of the housing against the internal resistance of the
exercising device. The amount of internal resistance can be varied
by means of a control knob. An automatic rewind mechanism draws the
cord back into the housing when the cord is released. The device
has, as a specific feature, a manually adjustable resisting force
mechanism. This mechanism includes the combination of a stationary
capstan around which the cord is wrapped, and a variable force
friction nip mechanism which (a) retards the cord as it is pulled
out of the housing, and (b) maximizes the capstan's frictional
resistance by keeping the cord tightly wound around the capstan as
the cord is being pulled out of the housing.
Inventors: |
Deluty; Michael E. (Brookline,
MA), Levine; Morton A. (Belmont, MA) |
Assignee: |
Deluty; Michael E. (Brookline,
MA)
|
Family
ID: |
23913863 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/481,907 |
Filed: |
June 21, 1974 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
482/120;
242/156.1; 242/147R |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63B
21/018 (20130101); A63B 21/153 (20130101); A63B
21/4043 (20151001); A63B 21/00069 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A63B
21/012 (20060101); A63B 21/018 (20060101); A63B
21/00 (20060101); A63b 021/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;272/83A,79R,80,DIG.3
;242/156.1,147 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Shapiro; Paul E.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Thompson, Birch, Gauthier &
Samuels
Claims
We claim:
1. An exercising device comprising:
a. a housing having a hollow interior and a cord opening;
b. a cord retractor reel mounted for rotation within said
housing;
c. rewind means for continuously urging said retractor reel in the
rewind direction;
d. a flexible cord fixed to and wrapped around said retractor reel,
said cord running from said reel out of said housing through said
cord opening; and
e. manually adjustable variable resistance friction nip means
mounted within said housing between said cord retractor reel and
said cord opening for applying frictional force to said cord, said
friction nip means including a support member contacting one side
of said cord, a pivoted jamming arm mounted on the other side of
said cord, resilient means for continuously urging the free end of
said pivoted jamming arm in the unwind direction against the other
side of said cord to frictionally wedge said cord between said
support member and said jamming arm as said cord is pulled out of
said housing, said jamming arm pivoting in the rewind direction to
unwedge said cord as said cord is retracted into said housing;
f. said rewind means and said variable resistance friction nip
means both cooperating to apply force to said cord to oppose an
exteriorly applied manual force pulling said cord in the unwind
direction, said friction nip means releasing force on said cord,
and said rewind means retracting said cord in the rewind direction
in the absence of an exteriorly applied manual force on said
cord.
2. The exercising device of claim 1 further having means for
resiliently urging said support member and said pivoted jamming arm
towards each other along a path which is substantially
perpendicular to said cord.
3. The exercising device of claim 2 wherein a line drawn along the
support member path intersects with the jamming arm pivot
point.
4. The exercising device of claim 1 further having means for
permitting said support member to move within limits along a path
which is substantially parallel to said cord.
5. The exercising device of claim 1 further having means for
retaining the free end of said pivoted jamming arm on the rewind
side of an imaginary line drawn perpendicular to said cord from the
jamming arm pivot point.
6. An exercising device comprising:
a. a housing having a hollow interior and a cord opening;
b. a cord retractor reel mounted for rotation within said
housing;
c. rewind means for continuously urging said retractor reel in the
rewind direction;
d. a capstan mounted within said housing, said capstan being fixed
against rotation in the unwind direction in its operative mode;
e. a flexible cord fixed to and wrapped around said retractor reel,
said cord running from said reel to and being wrapped at least one
full turn around said capstan, said cord running from said capstan
out of said housing through said cord opening; and
f. manually adjustable variable resistance friction nip means
mounted within said housing between said cord retractor reel and
said capstan for applying frictional force to said cord, said
friction nip means including a support member contacting one side
of said cord, a pivoted jamming arm mounted on the other side of
said cord, resilient means for continuously urging the free end of
said pivoted jamming arm in the unwind direction against the other
side of said cord to frictionally wedge said cord between said
support member and said jamming arm as said cord is pulled out of
said housing, said jamming arm pivoting in the rewind direction to
unwedge said cord as said cord is retracted into said housing;
g. said rewind means, said capstan, and said variable resistance
friction nip means all cooperating to apply force to said cord to
oppose an exteriorly applied manual force pulling said cord in the
unwind direction, said friction nip means releasing force on said
cord, and said rewind means retracting said cord in the rewind
direction in the absence of an exteriorly applied manual force on
said cord.
7. The exercising device of claim 6 further having means for
resiliently urging said support member and said pivoted jamming arm
towards each other along a path which is substantially
perpendicular to said cord.
8. The exercising device of claim 6 further having means for
permitting said support member to move within limits along a path
which is substantially parallel to said cord.
9. The exercising device of claim 6 further having means for
retaining the free end of said pivoted jamming arm on the rewind
side of an imaginary line drawn perpendicular to said cord from the
jamming arm pivot point.
10. The exercising device of claim 9 wherein said retaining means
includes a stop mounted in said housing.
11. The exercising device of claim 6 further having manual locking
means cooperating with said capstan for selectively locking said
capstan against rotation in the unwind direction in the operative
mode, and for selectively unlocking said capstan to permit free
wheeling in both directions in the inoperative mode.
12. The exercising device of claim 11 wherein said manual locking
means includes a ratcheting mechanism which is engaged in the
operative mode.
13. The exercising device of claim 6 wherein the axis of said
capstan is parallel to and spaced from the axis of said cord
retractor reel.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Previous exercising devices of this type have usually taken the
form of complex mechanisms, or have taken the form of simple
mechanisms employing friction brakes acting directly on the pull
cord. The complex mechanisms are relatively expensive to construct.
The simple mechanisms wear out the cord when high resistance force
levels are frictionally applied against the cord.
Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to provide an
exercising device which is a simple mechanism, which is inexpensive
to construct, and which does not employ high resistance force
friction brake shoes on the pull cord.
A further object of this invention is to provide an exercising
device on which the operator can manually select a variety of
specific pull cord resistance force levels.
A still further object of this invention is to provide an
exercising device which the operator can utilize in a true
exercising motion as if he were lifting a barbell or a
dumbbell.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The exercising device of the preferred embodiment of this invention
has a hollow housing in which a rotatably mounted retractor reel is
spring-loaded in the rewind direction. A flexible cord is attached
to the retractor reel and extends out of the housing where it is
fitted with a hand grip. When little or no pulling force is exerted
by the operator on the hand grip, the retractor reel rewinds the
cord into the housing.
When the operator pulls on the hand grip, the outward pulling force
on the cord is resisted by a combination of three mechanisms
mounted within the housing. These mechanisms can be manually
adjusted to produce various levels of resistance. The first
resisting mechanism is the retractor reel which continuously
produces a small biasing force on the cord in the rewind
direction.
The other two mechanisms resisting the outward pull of the cord
both operate to apply friction force to the cord as it is being
pulled out (unwound) by the operator and both apply no friction
force to the cord as it is being rewound by the retractor reel. The
friction nip mechanism has a spring-loaded support member and an
opposed spring-loaded pivoted jamming arm which cooperate to form a
nip through which the cord is led from the retractor reel. The
spring tension on the support member can be manually adjusted by
the operator to vary the force applied by the nip on the cord in
opposition to the exteriorly applied pulling force on the cord'
hand grip.
After the cord passes from the retractor reel through the friction
nip mechanism, it is led to and is passed at least one full turn
around the capstan and then is led out of the housing. The capstan
can be locked in a stationary position to oppose the cord's being
pulled out of the housing, or it can be unlocked and allowed to
free wheel as the cord is being pulled out of the housing. In
either position, the capstan is allowed to free wheel in the rewind
direction. Because the capstan is inoperative unless the cord
around the capstan is pulled tightly in both directions, the
friction nip mechanism has the function of exerting a drag on the
cord on the rewind side of the capstan for two purposes. First, it
acts in opposition to the outward pull on the cord. Second, it
causes the capstan to frictionally resist the outward pull on the
cord.
In other words, at all times the retractor reel urges the cord in
the rewind direction while the friction nip mechanism and the
capstan apply no force on the cord as it rewinds. At all times, the
friction nip mechanism applies frictional force on the cord to
resist its being pulled out of the housing by the operator. At
selected times, the capstan can be locked into its operative
stationary position to cooperate with the friction nip mechanism
and the retractor reel to all three act upon the cord to resist its
being pulled out of the housing by the operator.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the exercising device of the
preferred embodiment of this invention showing an operator holding
the hand grip and pulling the cord out of the housing.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the exercising device showing
details of the housing exterior.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the exercising device of FIG. 2
showing the housing interior and the mechanisms mounted
therein.
FIG. 4 is a detail view of the exercising device of FIG. 3 showing
the housing interior and the mechanisms mounted therein, the
mechanisms being partially cut away for purposes of clarity.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
FIG. 1 shows a human operator performing a curling exercise with
the exercising device 10 of this invention. The curling exercise is
usually performed with a barbell and it is the purpose of FIG. 1 to
show one example of how exercising device 10 can be substituted for
a barbell in weight training. The operator simply dials the desired
"weight" setting on the device and then uses the exercising device
as if it were a barbell weighing the dialed amount.
Exercising device 10 is provided with a flexible pull cord 12,
preferably made of nylon, and a detachable hand grip 14. Various
different types of hand or other grips can be attached to the end
of cord 12 in order to meet the requirements of various exercise
routines. Examples of different grips include double grips, bar
grips, loop grips, grips to fit the operator's head, and grips to
fit the operator's feet. The exercising device of this invention is
not limited to any specific type of grip attached to the end of
pull cord 12.
In order to hold the exercising device 10 in a stationary position
(which is usually preferred), the exercising device is provided
with various fittings, such as interior stanchions 16 (see FIG. 3)
over which the eye of a short length of line 18 can be looped. Line
18 can then be attached to a foot rest 20, or to a wall fitting, or
to a ceiling fitting, or to other fixed supports. It will be
understood that a wide variety of such fittings is contemplated and
this invention is not limited to any specific type or location of
fitting, or any specific type or location of line, or any specific
type or location of foot rest or other fixed support.
Referring now to FIGS. 3 and 4, it will be seen that the exercising
device 10 has a hollow housing 22 which has a cord opening 24
through which pull cord 12 extends. The outer end of cord 12 is
fitted with hand grip 14 and the inner end of cord 12 is fixed to
and is wrapped several times around retractor reel 26. Retractor
reel 26 is rotatably mounted in the housing and is spring-powered
in the clockwise or rewind direction. Preferably, retractor reel 26
exerts a continuous rewind force on the cord of approximately 1 to
3 lbs. Thus, whenever the operator releases hand grip 14, or exerts
less than the retractor reel rewind force, cord 12 will be drawn
into housing 22 through opening 24 and will be rewound on reel 26.
The size of hand grip 14 prevents the outer end of cord 12 from
being drawn entirely into housing 22 through opening 24.
In order to provide a substantial force against cord 12 which will
resist the operator's outward pull on the cord, a manually
adjustable variable resistance means is mounted within the housing
between retractor reel 26 and housing cord opening 24. In the shown
preferred embodiment, this variable resistance means is more
specifically identified as a friction nip means which includes a
support member 28, which contacts one side of cord 12, and a
pivoted jamming arm 30, which is biased by spring 32 against the
other side of cord 12. The purpose of the friction nip means is to
apply frictional force against the cord as it is pulled in the
unwind (outward) direction only. This frictional force must be
overcome by the operator in order to pull the cord out of the
housing. Furthermore, this frictional force is necessary to enable
the capstan to operate effectively in its locked stationary
position, as will be described subsequently.
Support member 28 can take various forms and, in the shown
preferred embodiment, is a block having a rounded and grooved
shoulder surface 34 which bears against and guides the cord 12 as
the cord passes from retractor reel 26 through cord opening 24.
Support member 28 also has a base portion 36 having guide surfaces
on one exterior side which ride on mating guide surfaces which are
provided on the adjacent interior wall of housing 22. By this
arrangement, support member 28 can be reciprocated towards and away
from cord 12 along a path which is perpendicular to the cord.
Obviously, other types of guide means can be substituted for the
shown mating guide surfaces.
Support member base portion 36 has a spring socket 38 formed
therein. A helical spring 40 is positioned in socket 38 and is
retained therein by threaded shaft 42. The shaft is carried by a
smooth-bored shaft support block 44 which is formed on the interior
wall of housing 22, and a control knob 46 is fixed on the exterior
end of shaft 42. A collar 48 is mounted on shaft 42 to prevent
axial movement of the shaft while permitting the shaft to be
rotated by the control knob.
A floating nut 50 is provided with internal threads which mesh with
the external threads on shaft 42. An indicating arrow 52 is fixed
to floating nut 50 and extends through housing slot 54. Because the
indicating arrow 52 is confined within slot 54, nut 50 cannot
rotate when shaft 42 is rotated. Instead, when control knob 46 is
rotated, shaft 42 is rotated, and nut 50 moves axially on shaft 42.
This causes indicating arrow 52 to move along slot 54 and across
weight dial 56 (as shown in FIG. 2).
It will be seen that as nut 50 compresses spring 40, the support
member 28 is forced against the pivoted jamming arm 30 in the nip.
Likewise, as nut 50 releases the pressure on spring 40, the support
member 28 moves away from jamming arm 30 in the nip. During this
axial nut movement, indicating arrow 52 moves across weight dial 56
which is calibrated to indicate, for example, 0 to 50 lbs. nip
resistance force on the cord which must be overcome by the operator
in order to pull the cord out of the housing. Thus, the operator,
by turning control knob 46, can set the level of nip resistance
which he wants the exercising device to exert against his pull on
the cord.
The nip formed between support member 28 and jamming arm 30 exerts
frictional force on the cord only during the outward (unwind)
travel of the cord through the nip. This is because the jamming arm
is positioned so that its free end is always pointed in the rewind
direction and is therefore ineffective as a nip-forming component
during the rewinding travel of the cord. The cord can be
alternately pulled out and rewound back numerous times without
becoming jammed in the nip because a relatively loose fit exists
between the guide surfaces on the support member 28 and the guide
surfaces on the interior housing wall. Thus, there is considerable
support member lateral play which facilitates easy nip opening.
Accordingly, if the operator wishes to pull against say 35 lbs of
resistance, he turns control knob 46 until the indicating arrow 52
aligns with the 35 1b. weight marking on dial 56. This means that
nut 50 has compressed spring 40 the sufficient distance to achieve
a 35 lb. nip pressure against the cord 12. When the cord is pulled
outwardly, the jamming arm 30 wedges cord 12 against support member
28 to produce the desired nip frictional resistance. When the
operator releases the cord, the nip opens, because jamming arm 30
pivots away, and cord 12 rewinds on retractor reel 26. Optimum
functioning of the friction nip means is achieved by locating the
pivot point of jamming arm 30 in line with the perpendicular travel
path of the support member 28.
A second optional substantial cord resistance force is provided by
the capstan which is generally indicated as 58. The capstan has an
inoperative mode in which it freewheels in both directions and an
operative mode in which it is either entirely stationary or in
which it is stationary in the outward or unwind direction
(clockwise in FIG. 4). Capstan 58 has a fixed central shaft 60
mounted in the housing parallel to the central shaft of retractor
reel 26. A flanged spool 62 is rotatably mounted on central shaft
60 and can revolve in either direction. A guide roller 64 is
provided near cord opening 24 to guide cord 12 around capstan 58
and out of opening 24.
In the previously given 35 1b. resistance example, the capstan was
assumed to have been in its inoperative mode in which it
freewheeled in both directions and functioned simply as a guide
roller like guide roller 64.
When it is desired to substantially increase the resistance exerted
by the exercising device against pull cord 12, the capstan 58 is
locked into its operative mode. Capstan spool 62 is provided with
four symmetrically spaced locking recesses 66 in its upper flat end
surface. A locking lever 68 is mounted in housing 22 and can be
pivoted between an inoperative position which maintains
spring-loaded locking pin 70 above the locking recesses 66, and an
operative position which lowers locking pin 70 into one of the four
locking recesses 66. Once the locking pin 70 is lowered into any of
the locking recesses 66, the capstan spool 62 cannot rotate about
shaft 60. A plurality of recesses 66 is provided simply for ease of
locking. A greater or lesser number of recesses would also be
satisfactory.
It is preferred to wrap cord 12 two and one-half turns around spool
62. Then, if the friction nip applies 35 lbs. of force against the
outward pull of the cord, the locked capstan will multiply the
resistance force by a factor of approximately ten so that the
operator must exert a force of approximately 350 lbs. on the hand
grip in order to pull cord 12 out of the housing. Obviously, many
factors will affect the exact multiplying ratio produced by the
capstan. Examples of these factors include the diameter of the
capstan, the capstan surface roughness, the diameter of the cord,
the cord material, the number of turns on the capstan, and numerous
others. However, regardless of the exact multiplying ratio, the
capstan will produce a substantial resistance force opposing the
passage of the cord out of the housing.
As previously indicated, the capstan cannot effectively provide
frictional resistance against the cord unless the cord is held
tightly against the spool from both directions. For this reason,
capstan operation requires the resistance produced by the friction
nip. Likewise, for purposes of rewind, when the operator releases
the hand grip, the small rewind force of retractor reel 26 is
sufficient to draw the cord back into the housing because without
an outward force on the cord, the cord simply slips on the
stationary capstan spool.
There may also be certain exercises in which the operator wishes to
maintain a low level of outward force on the hand grip, yet desires
for the cord to simultaneously rewind. In these situations, the
retractor reel may not produce sufficient force to rewind the cord.
Therefore, it is within the contemplation of this invention that
the capstan, in its operative mode, could be provided with a
ratcheting mechanism wherein the spool is fixed against rotation in
the unwind or outward direction yet is permitted to freely rotate
in the rewind or inward direction. Also, instead of a ratcheting
mechanism, many types of clutch mechanisms could be substituted to
accomplish the same purpose.
In operation, when the operator desires to set the cord resistance
force at a high level, he pivots locking lever 68 to the locked
position and pulls cord 12 outwardly a short distance to rotate
spool 62 until locking pin 70 drops into one of the locking
recesses 66. This locks the capstan in its operative mode. Then,
the operator twists control knob 46 to set the spring compression
on the friction nip at the level which he desires as shown by the
indicator arrow 52 on dial 56. Dial 56 is calibrated and marked so
that one set of dial figures reflects the resistance force settings
when the capstan is in its inoperative mode. A second set of
parallel dial figures reflects the resistance force settings when
the capstan is in its operative mode. In the preferred embodiment,
the upper figures (operative mode) are a multiple of ten times the
lower figures (inoperative mode). Thus, in the example used thus
far, the arrow would read 35 lbs. on the lower dial figures and 350
lbs. on the upper dial figures. Of course, other resistance force
level indicating arrangements could be provided to perform the same
function as the illustrated arrangement.
This invention features a great ease of adjustability whereby the
operator can set the cord resistance force levels across a very
wide range by locking or unlocking the capstan and by dialing the
desired spring tension on the nip. It is the combination of these
two cooperative features which gives the exercising device of the
preferred embodiment of this invention the superior qualities which
it possesses.
The above description obviously suggests many possible variations
and modifications of this invention which would not depart from its
spirit and scope. It should be understood, therefore, that the
invention is not limited in its application to the details of
structure specifically described or illustrated and that within the
scope of the appended claims, it may be practiced otherwise than as
specifically described or illustrated.
* * * * *