U.S. patent number 3,885,363 [Application Number 05/398,142] was granted by the patent office on 1975-05-27 for insulated block.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Korfil, Incorporated. Invention is credited to Richard W. Whittey.
United States Patent |
3,885,363 |
Whittey |
May 27, 1975 |
Insulated block
Abstract
A preformed masonry building block having a preformed insulating
insert disposed in the cavity therein. The inserts are of molded
expandable polystyrene or the like and are characterized by
cut-away portions for finger access to marginal walls of the block
cavities and by elongated vertical openings in the inserts for
enhanced cross sectional compressibility. The cross-sectional
dimensions of the blocks vary substantially requiring such insert
compressibility. In one form, an insert has a four-sided shape with
an elongated slot in each side, in another an integral flange
across the bottom of the insert closes a through internal vertical
passageway. In a third form, right angularly arranged slots extend
downwardly from a top portion of the insert and terminate short of
the bottom and side walls. A further form of the insert includes
side walls which are serrated viewed in cross section and a pair of
vertical openings separated by a flange and closed at the bottom.
In still another form, a through opening extends over a major cross
sectional portion of the dimension of the insert.
Inventors: |
Whittey; Richard W.
(Longmeadow, MA) |
Assignee: |
Korfil, Incorporated (Chicopee,
MA)
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Family
ID: |
26832039 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/398,142 |
Filed: |
September 17, 1973 |
Related U.S. Patent Documents
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Application
Number |
Filing Date |
Patent Number |
Issue Date |
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134163 |
Apr 15, 1971 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
52/125.3;
52/405.1 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E04C
1/41 (20130101); E04B 1/8404 (20130101); E04B
1/88 (20130101); E04B 2002/0293 (20130101); E04B
2001/848 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
E04B
1/74 (20060101); E04C 1/41 (20060101); E04C
1/00 (20060101); E04B 1/88 (20060101); E04B
1/84 (20060101); E04B 2/02 (20060101); E04b
001/88 () |
Field of
Search: |
;52/98-100,309,404,405,406,407,606,396 ;138/89 ;220/24R |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
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26,965 |
|
Dec 1923 |
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FR |
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1,122,345 |
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May 1956 |
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FR |
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714,758 |
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Sep 1954 |
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GB |
|
Primary Examiner: Perham; Alfred C.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: McCormick, Paulding & Huber
Parent Case Text
This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 134,163, filed Apr.
15, 1971 and now abandoned.
Claims
I claim:
1. The combination comprising a preformed building block of
concrete and a preformed insulating insert therefor, said block
having an external surface and at least one cavity opening through
said surface and extending downwardly a substantial distance
therefrom, the cross sectional configuration and dimensions of said
cavity being subject to variation within a significant range, said
insulating insert being of a light weight foraminous heat
insulating and fire retardant material and having an external
configuration adapted to enter and substantially fit said cavity in
said block, said insert configuration being such that at least a
part of an upper portion of the insert adjacent said external
surface of the block at a marginal wall of the cavity is disposed
substantially downwardly from said surface with the insert entered
in said cavity whereby to provide for downward finger access to
said marginal wall, and said insert having at least one vertically
extending opening so as to be cross sectionally compressible to a
degree accommodating said cross sectional variation in said cavity
and providing for a slight compression and sufficiently firm
engagement of the insert external surface with said cavity wall
irrespective of said dimensional variations whereby to frictionally
retain the insert in the cavity.
2. The combination comprising a preformed building block and an
insulating insert therefor as set forth in claim 1 wherein two
similar cavities are formed in and through said block and extend
downwardly from said external surface thereof.
3. The combination comprising a preformed building block and an
insulating insert therefor as set forth in claim 2 wherein said two
cavities are spaced apart by a vertical center flange, wherein two
similar insulating inserts are provided respectively for entry in
said cavities, and wherein said upper portions of the inserts which
are disposed downwardly from said surface comprise cut-away
sections, said cut-away sections at upper portions being arranged
on opposing sides of said flange for convenient finger access and
gripping from above.
4. The combination comprising a preformed building block and
insulating inserts therefor as set forth in claim 3 wherein each of
said cut-away sections is at least partially circular in
configuration, and wherein each of said cavities tapers gradually
inwardly and downwardly with the respective inserts of
corresponding configuration.
5. The combination comprising a preformed building block and an
insulating insert therefor as set forth in claim 1 wherein said
cavity extends through said block, wherein said external surface is
a top surface, and wherein at least a part of a lower portion of
said insert at a marginal wall of the cavity is disposed
substantially upwardly from a block lower surface to provide for
finger access to said marginal wall.
6. The combination comprising a preformed building block and an
insulating insert therefor as set forth in claim 1 wherein a
plurality of vertically extending openings are provided in said
insert, each of said openings extending throughout the length of
the insert and opening outwardly from the external side surface
thereof.
7. The combination comprising a preformed building block and an
insulating insert therefor as set forth in claim 6 wherein said
insert is of generally four-sided configuration viewed in cross
section with said openings taking the form of an elongated slot on
each of said sides of the insert.
8. The combination comprising a preformed building block and an
insulating insert therefor as set forth in claim 6 wherein the side
surfaces of said insert take the form of a continuous undulating
configuration to provide vertically elongated serrations throughout
the length of said side surfaces.
9. The combination comprising a preformed building block and an
insulating insert therefor as set forth in claim 8 wherein said
cavity extends through said block, wherein said external surface is
a top surface, and wherein at least a part of a lower portion of
said insert at a marginal wall of the cavity is disposed
substantially upwardly from a block lower surface to provide for
finger access to said marginal wall.
10. The combination comprising a preformed building block and an
insulating insert therefor as set forth in claim 9 wherein said
insert is hollow and opens upwardly with an integral flange formed
across the bottom and closing the lower end thereof.
11. The combination comprising a preformed building block and an
insulating insert therefor as set forth in claim 1 wherein said
insert takes on a generally four-sided configuration viewed in
cross section, wherein said upper portion of the insert which is
disposed downwardly from said surface comprises a a partially
spherical cut-away section, and wherein each of said sides has a
vertically elongated slot extending throughout the length
thereof.
12. The combination comprising a preformed building block and an
insulating insert therefor as set forth in claim 1 wherein said
vertically extending opening comprises at least one elongated
internal slot opening upwardly and terminating short of the bottom
surface of the insert.
13. The combination comprising a preformed building block and an
insulating insert therefor as set forth in claim 12 wherein two
vertically elongated slots are provided and arranged at right
angles with respect to each other, each of said slots terminating
short of the bottom surface of the insert and short of the side
surfaces thereof.
14. The combination comprising a preformed building block and an
insulating insert therefor as set forth in claim 1 wherein said
vertically extending opening comprises an enlarged vertically
extending opening disposed internally and open at each end thereof.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Various attempts have been made toward the insulation of masonry
building blocks. Insulation has been introduced insitu after
several courses or a full wall of blocks have been secured in
position. The molding of insulation directly within the cavities of
blocks has been attempted. Even the manufacture of special blocks
having elongated and interconnected openings for receiving
slab-like insulation extending through several blocks has been
resorted to in an attempt to overcome difficulties in the
convenient and efficient introduction of insulation.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is the general object of the present invention to provide a
preformed building block of concrete or the like and a preformed
insulating insert therefor, the insert being adapted for a high
degree of ease and convenience in assembly with blocks having
cavities with dimensional variations over a substantial range, and
the insert being further characterized by a substantial degree of
cross-sectional compressibility and a configuration accommodating
ready finger access to marginal wall portions of the block
cavities.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a masonry building block
having a pair of similar cavities with an insulating insert
disposed within one of said cavities and a similar insert arranged
above the other cavity for downward entry into the cavity.
FIG. 2 is a vertical section taken generally as indicated at 2--2
in FIG. 1 but showing both inserts disposed in the corresponding
block cavities.
FIG. 3 is an elevational view of a first form of insert in
accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a top view of the insert of FIG. 3.
FIG. 5 is a second elevational view of the insert of FIGS. 3 and
4.
FIG. 6 is a top view of a second insulating insert in accordance
with the invention.
FIG. 7 is a vertical section taken generally as indicated at 7--7
in FIG. 6.
FIG. 8 is a bottom view of the third form of insulating insert in
accordance with the invention.
FIG. 9 is a vertical section taken generally as indicated at 9--9
in FIG. 8.
FIG. 10 is a top view of a fourth form of insulating insert in
accordance with the invention.
FIG. 11 is a vertical section taken generally as indicated at
11--11 in FIG. 10.
FIG. 12 is a top view of a fifth form of insulating insert in
accordance with the invention.
FIG. 13 is a vertical sectional view taken generally as indicated
at 13--13 in FIG. 12.
PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
Directional and geometrical terms such as "top", "bottom",
"downwardly", "horizontal", "vertical", etc. are used freely
hereinbelow but it is to be understood that such terminology is
employed for convenience of description only and is not to be
regarded as in any way limiting the invention in the specification
or in the claims which follow.
Referring particularly to FIGS. 1 and 2, it will be observed that a
building block indicated generally at 10 is of a conventional type.
The present invention contemplates building blocks of concrete or
the like and is in no way limited to blocks of any particular
configuration or material.
The building block 10 illustrated is generally rectangular in form
with first and second identical cavities 12 and 14 each of which
opens through an external surface which may be a top surface 16 of
the block and which extends downwardly therefrom a substantial
distance and throughout the vertical dimension of the block. The
building block is preformed in a conventional manner and a flange
18 is formed between the cavities 12 and 14, outer vertical
surfaces of the flange forming portions of marginal walls of the
cavities 12, 14. End flanges 20, 22 are similar to the flange or
cross member 18 and it will be apparent that the block can be
readily lifted and manipulated by a workman engaging the center
flange 18 and/or the flanges 20, 22 at upper portions, finger
access from above thus being essential. Similarly, finger access to
the flanges from below should be provided for when the blocks are
handled in an attitude inverted from that shown, the latter
attitude being conventional during construction while the former
prevails during block manufacture.
The cavities 12, 14 taper gradually inwardly and downwardly as
shown during block manufacture and the cores employed in molding
the building blocks may of course vary somewhat in dimension
particularly as wear occurs on outer surfaces thereof. Thus, the
cross-sectional configurations or dimensions of the cavities 12, 14
are subject to variation over a significant range. Such variation
may occur from block to block and even from cavity to cavity within
a block.
First and second or left and right-hand insulating inserts 24, 24
in FIGS. 1 and 2 are formed of a light-weight foraminous, albeit
perhaps internally only, heat insulating and fire retardant
material. Vertical fire stop operation, and a substantial degree of
resistance to sound and mositure transmission are also provided for
with molded expanded polystyrene presently a preferred material.
The inserts are preformed in such configuration as to enter and
substantially fit the cavities in the building blocks and a
substantial degree of cross-sectional compressibility is provided
for in the inserts whereby a condition of slight compression exists
when the insert is entered in its cavity. Thus, a firm engagement
of the external surface of the inserts occurs with the cavity wall
irrespective of the aforesaid dimensional variations in cavities
and the inserts are frictionally retained within the cavities
against accidental or unintended displacement. Sufficient lateral
or cross-sectional compressibility for this purpose is deemed an
important feature of the present invention, such compressibility
being achieved both through the nature of the materials selected
for the insert and the physical configurations of the inserts as
described hereinbelow.
A second important consideration in insert configuration resides in
the provision of at least a part of each end portion of each insert
which resides adjacent external surfaces of a building block and
which is substantially removed from the surface whereby to provide
for finger access to an adjacent marginal wall of a cavity wall,
lifting and manipulation of the blocks thus being provided for.
With regard particularly to the lateral or cross-sectional
compressibility of the inserts, attention is invited to the
provision of at least one elongated opening in the inserts and,
more particularly, in the case of the inserts 24, 24 the slots 26,
26 are referred to. The insert 24 takes a four-sided configuration
viewed in cross section and the elongated opening mentioned takes
the form of the slots 26, 26, one each disposed in a side wall of
the insert, facing outwardly and extending throughout the length of
the side wall to enhance insert compressibility.
As will be apparent, a mere reduction in overall length of an
insert can be employed to provide for finger access to the marginal
walls of the cavities 12 and 14, but in the FIG. 1 and 2 insert
embodiment, and as more fully illustrated in FIGS. 3, 4, and 5,
generally crescent-shaped or partially spherical cut-away portions
are provided at 28, 28. The cut-away portions 28, 28 are preferably
provided as illustrated at opposing upper portions of the inserts
and similar cut-away portions 30, 30 at lower end portions of the
inserts.
In FIGS. 6 and 7, an insert 24a forming a second embodiment of the
invention is generally four-sided, viewed in cross section, and is
provided with a large internal opening 32. The opening 32 extends
throughout a major portion of the cross section of the insert and
terminates short of the bottom surface of the insert and short of
the side surfaces thereof. Crescent-shaped or partially spherical
cut-aways are preferably provided at 34, 34 and at 35, 35. With the
insert 24a, a desirable degree of lateral or cross-sectional
compressibility is achieved together with an extremely light weight
and a significant savings in material. The closed bottom portion
provides a vertical fire stop and with the block inserted in a wall
or the like, water collection thereabove is minimized.
In FIGS. 8 and 9, a further embodiment of the invention is shown in
the form of insert 24b which is generally four-sided in cross
sectional configuration and which has a pair of right angularly
arranged slots 40, 42 which extend downwardly from the top portion
thereof and which terminate short of the bottom surface of the
insert and short of the side surfaces thereof. If desired, the
insert 24b may also be provided with cut-away portions at the top
or, as shown, the insert may be regarded as of reduced length or
foreshortened construction providing ample open space at the top
and bottom of the cavity for finger access. The FIGS. 8 and 9
insert provides a substantial degree of cross sectional
compressibility for efficient retention in cavities of various
cross-sectional dimensions and effects a significant material
savings. The said insert, together with those described above, also
provides a form of "fire block" in that no vertical through space
is encountered with such insert disposed firmly in the cavities of
a plurality of blocks in a partial or completed wall.
In FIGS. 10 and 11, there is illustrated an insert 24c having a
plurality of longitudinally extending openings along its external
side surface. The said openings take the form of the grooves or
notches between serrations 44, 44 formed by a continuous undulating
configuration of the insert side wall. The insert 24c has an
internal opening 46 disposed on each side of a central flange 48
and closed at the bottom and cut-aways are preferably provided for
finger entry as at 50, 50 and 51, 51.
In FIGS. 12 and 13, a final embodiment of the invention is
illustrated in the form of an insert 24d of generally four-sided
configuration viewed in cross section and with a large through
opening 52. The opening 52 provides for a substantial savings in
material and relatively thin walls are provided at 54, 54 for a
substantial degree of cross-sectional compressibility. Cut-away
portions are preferably provided at 56, 56 and 58, 58.
Any one of the foregoing embodiments may be employed in the
preforming of inserts for introduction to cavities in masonry
building blocks or the like. As will be apparent, a substantial
degree of nonuniformity in cavity dimensions is accommodated with
the inserts of the present invention. Interference with
manipulation of the blocks during block manufacture and subsequent
construction is wholly avoided with the use of finger access
openings for workmen handling the blocks and assembled inserts, and
efficient insulation, fire retardation, together with retardation
of sound and moisture transmission is accomplished with the use of
the inserts in a wall or other structure formed with the insulated
blocks. Assembly of blocks and inserts can be accomplished with a
high degree of ease and convenience and at economic advantage with
the aforesaid features of lateral or cross-sectional insert
compressibility.
* * * * *