U.S. patent number 3,885,127 [Application Number 05/336,562] was granted by the patent office on 1975-05-20 for hand held hair drying appliance.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Clairol Incorporated. Invention is credited to Eugene T. Fleischhauer, Henry J. Walter.
United States Patent |
3,885,127 |
Walter , et al. |
May 20, 1975 |
Hand held hair drying appliance
Abstract
A hand held hair drying appliance particularly useful in the
styling or shaping of hair including a tubular housing having two
spaced inlets, an outlet disposed between the two inlets and a
tubular handle portion formed by said housing; a heating element
disposed in the housing between the inlets; first and second fans
arranged in the housing to force air from the inlets toward the
outlet; the first and second fans each having blades extending
radially from the axis of rotation, the blades of the first fan
having a pitch opposite the pitch of the blades of the second fan
such that the first and second fans form oppositely directed
currents of air when rotated in the same direction; and a motor
disposed in the handle for driving the fans whereby air is drawn
into the housing through the inlets, moved past the heating element
and expelled through the outlet in a direction transverse to the
axis of the housing for drying hair.
Inventors: |
Walter; Henry J. (Wilton,
CT), Fleischhauer; Eugene T. (Stamford, CT) |
Assignee: |
Clairol Incorporated (New York,
NY)
|
Family
ID: |
23316654 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/336,562 |
Filed: |
February 28, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
392/384; 34/97;
219/532; 415/102; 132/118; 338/305; 417/411 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A45D
20/10 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A45D
20/10 (20060101); A45D 20/00 (20060101); H05b
001/00 (); A45d 020/10 (); F24h 003/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;219/366-371,373,379,380
;34/96-101,243 ;415/98,101,102 ;132/112-116,9 ;128/256,257 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Bartis; A.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Mugford; David J. Mentis; George A.
Brink; Richard H.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A hand held hair drying appliance comprising a tubular housing
having first inlet means therein, second inlet means therein spaced
from said first inlet means, outlet means in the peripheral wall of
said housing and disposed between said first and second inlet means
and a tubular handle portion formed by said housing; heating means
disposed in said housing between said first and second inlet means;
first and second fans arranged in said housing to force air from
said first and second inlet means toward said outlet means; said
first and second fans each having blades extending radially from
the axis of rotation thereof, said blades of said first fan having
a pitch opposite the pitch of said blades of said second fan such
that said first and second fans form oppositely directed currents
of air when rotated in the same direction; and motor means disposed
in said handle for driving said first and second fans whereby air
is drawn into said housing through said first and second inlet
means, moved past said heating means and expelled through said
outlet means to provide heated air for drying hair.
2. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 1 wherein
said motor means includes a common drive shaft fixed to said first
and second fans and a single motor rotating said drive shaft.
3. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 2 wherein
said outlet means is formed by at least one longitudinally
extending slot in the periphery of said housing such that heated
air is expelled from said outlet means in a direction transverse to
the axis of said housing.
4. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 3 wherein
said first and second fans provide oppositely directed currents of
air through said first and second inlet means toward said outlet
means, respectively.
5. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 4 wherein
said housing has a cylindrical configuration.
6. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 5 wherein
said first inlet means is formed by openings in the periphery of
said housing and said second inlet means is formed by openings in
an end of said housing.
7. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 6 wherein
said housing includes an end cap rotatably mounting an end of said
common drive shaft adjacent said second inlet means and an adaptor
rotatably mounting said common drive shaft adjacent said first
inlet means and having an arcuate configuration to channel air from
said openings forming said first inlet means toward said outlet
means.
8. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 7 wherein
said housing includes a head having a cylindrical configuration
with said end cap mounted at one end thereof and a handle having a
cylindrical configuration with a diameter less than the diameter of
said head, said head being connected with said handle by a neck at
an opposite end, said openings forming said first inlet means being
disposed adjacent said neck, said openings forming said second
inlet means being disposed in said end cap and said motor being
disposed in said handle.
9. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 1 wherein
said housing has a cylindrical configuration.
10. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 1 wherein
said first and second fans provide oppositely direction currents of
air through said first and second inlet means toward said outlet
means, respectively, the air expelled from said outlet means being
forced in a direction transverse to the axis of said housing.
11. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 1 wherein
said motor means includes a common drive shaft fixed to said first
and second fans and a single electric motor rotating said drive
shaft.
12. A hand held hair drying appliance comprising a tubular housing
having first and second spaced inlet opening means therein for
passage of air drawn into said housing, outlet opening means in the
peripheral wall of said housing and disposed in said space between
said first and second inlet opening means for passage of air
expelled from said housing and a tubular handle portion formed by
said housing; heating means disposed in said housing in said space
between said first and second inlet opening means adjacent said
outlet opening means for heating air expelled from said housing;
and blower means disposed in said housing for drawing a first
current of air into said housing through said first inlet opening
means and directing said first air current toward said outlet
opening means for drawing a second current of air into said housing
through said second inlet opening means and directing said second
air current toward said outlet opening means, said first and second
air currents extending axially along said tubular housing in
opposite directions, and for expelling said first and second air
currents past said heating means through said outlet opening means
to provide heated air for drying hair.
13. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 12
wherein said blower means includes first and second axially aligned
fans having radially extending blades with opposite pitches.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the invention
The present invention pertains to appliances for drying hair and,
more particularly, to hand held hair drying appliances adapted to
have attachments mounted thereon to facilitate styling or shaping
of hair.
2. Discussion of the prior art
Hand held hair drying appliances normally include a housing in
which are disposed a motor driving a fan to impel air past a
heating element and through an outlet in the housing such that
heated air is expelled from the housing for use in drying hair. In
order to permit such hair dryers to be utilized to style or shape
hair, attachments such as brushes, combs, nozzles, and the like
have been mounted thereon to act on the hair as heated air is
supplied to the hair.
In order to provide sufficient air flow for effective drying, prior
art hair drying appliances have utilized housing and brush and comb
geometry normally of a rectangular configuration in that the heated
air provided by the hair dryers is normally expelled in a direction
transverse to the axis of the housing thereby requiring the use of
centrifugal, cross-flow or tangential fans with housings configured
to accommodate the same. Accordingly, prior art hair drying
appliances have had the disadvantages of not being useful in
shaping the hair due to their configurations and, further, of being
bulky and awkward to handle by the user.
In order to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages, it has been
proposed to utilize an axial fan to blow air over the heater
thereby permitting the housing to have a cylindrical configuration;
however, the use of an axial fan in a housing having a diameter
small enough to be utilized in the styling or shaping of hair has
not been found to supply sufficient air flow for effective drying.
That is, styling or shaping of hair is a function of the diameter
of the mandrel over which the hair is wound, and a housing for an
axial fan of dimensions to provide sufficient hot air for drying is
too large for effective use in styling or shaping hair. Attempts to
reduce the diameter of the housing while maintaining a cylindrical
configuration have included the use of double-staged fans and
varying blade angles among others; however, such attempts have not
been effective in increasing the volume of heated air expelled from
the hair dryer.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a
hand held hair drying appliance overcoming the above-mentioned
disadvantages of the prior art while having a sleek, cylindrical
housing with a diameter sufficiently small to permit its use as a
mandrel in the styling or shaping of hair.
Another object of the present invention is to utilize a pair of
oppositely pitched, axial fans in a hand held hair drying appliance
to direct air in opposite directions toward a centrally disposed
outlet over a heating element in order to increase the the volume
of heated air expelled without increasing the size of the housing
of the hair drying appliance.
An additional object of the present invention is to utilize a
single motor to drive a pair of oppositely pitched, axial fans by
means of a common shaft in a hand held hair drying appliance.
The present invention has a further object in the forcing of air
currents in opposite directions through a cylindrical housing of a
hand held hair drying appliance for movement past a centrally
disposed heating element.
Yet, another object of the present invention is to construct a hand
held hair drying appliance having a slim configuration with
improved styling and drying characteristics.
Some of the advantages of the hand held hair drying appliance of
the present invention over the prior art are that a sufficient
volume of heated air for drying hair can be supplied while
maintaining a sleek, cylindrical configuration, a conventional, low
cost motor can be utilized to drive the hair dryer, and the hair
drying appliance can be easily handled by a user with one hand
during hair styling or shaping.
The present invention is generally characterized in a hand held
hair drying appliance having a tubular housing having two spaced
inlets, an outlet disposed between the two inlets and a tubular
handle portion formed by said housing; a heating element disposed
in the housing between the inlets; first and second fans arranged
in the housing to force air from the inlets toward the outlet; the
first and second fans each having blades extending radially from
the axis of rotation, the blades of the first fan having a pitch
opposite the pitch of the blades of the second fan such that the
first and second fans form oppositely directed currents of air when
rotated in the same direction; and a motor disposed in the handle
for driving the fans whereby air is drawn into the housing through
the inlets, moved past the heating element and expelled through the
outlet in a direction transverse to the axis of the housing for
drying hair.
Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become
apparent from the following description of the preferred embodiment
taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section of a hand held hair drying
appliance according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a section taken along line 2--2 of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a partial section taken along line 3--3 of FIG. 1.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
A hand held hair drying appliance 10 according to the present
invention is illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 and includes a housing
12, which can be constructed of upper and lower housing members,
and forms a cylindrical handle 14 and a cylindrical head 16 having
a diameter slightly greater than the diameter of handle 14 and
connected thereto at a neck 18.
A cylindrical extension 22 engages the open end of handle 14 and a
switching circuit 24 is mounted therein and operated by an actuator
26 which is controlled by a rod 28 extending from an end cap 30
engaging extension 22 and rotatable relative thereto. Rotation of
the end cap causes movement of the rod 28 to control actuator 26,
and switching circuit 24 includes conventional circuitry responsive
to the position of actuator 26 for providing the hair drying
appliance 10 with various modes of operation, such modes of
operation being preferably denoted by indicia carried on the
surface of the extension 22 for alignment with an indexing mark on
end cap 30.
Adaptors 32 and 34 are mounted in axially spaced relation within
handle 14 to support therebetween a DC motor 36 by means of O-rings
38 and 40. The DC motor 36 receives electricity from switching
circuit 24 through a rectifier 42. A rotor 44 of motor 36 is fixed
to a flexible coupling 46 which carries a pin diametrally fixed to
a shaft 48 such that rotation of the rotor 44 of the motor 36 is
imparted to the shaft 48.
Head 16 has an end cap 50 mounted thereon, the end cap 50 having a
bearing 52 therein in which is journalled the end of shaft 48, the
shaft 48 also being journalled in a bearing 54 mounted in adaptor
32 such that the shaft 48 is maintained in precise coaxial
alignment with the housing 12.
A heating assembly 54 is mounted in head 16 and includes a mica
support structure 56 across which a plurality of hot wire heating
elements 58 extend in a direction substantially parallel to the
longitudinal axis of the housing 12. The heating elements 58 are
connected with switching circuit 24 by suitable wires, not shown,
such that the voltage supplied to the heating elements can be
controlled by rotation of the end cap 30.
A plurality of inlet openings 60 are formed in the periphery of
housing 12 along handle 14 at neck 18, and a plurality of inlet
openings 62 are formed in end cap 50 spaced from inlet 60. An
outlet opening 63 is formed by longitudinally extending slots in
the periphery of head 16 such that the outlet 63 is disposed in the
space between inlets 60 and 62 to permit air flow through the head
16 in opposite directions to be expelled through outlet 63 after
movement past heating assembly 54. A pair of axial fans 64 and 66
are fixed to shaft 48 and disposed in head 16 adjacent inlets 60
and 62, respectively, Fan 64 has a hub 68 spaced from the end of
adaptor 32 by a spacer 70 and blades 72 radially extending from hub
68. Adaptor 32 is formed with an arcuate peripheral surface 74 to
channel air into the housing 12 through inlet openings 60 past the
fan 64, the channel formed by the arcuate peripheral surface 74
having an annular configuration corresponding to the length of the
blades 72. Axial fan 66 similarly has a hub 76 spaced from end cap
50 by a spacer 78 and blades 80 radially extending therefrom. The
inlet openings 62 formed in end cap 50 correspond in size to the
length of blades 80 in order to channel air past the fan 66. The
blades 72 of fan 64 have a pitch opposite to the pitch of the
blades 80 of fan 66 such that rotation of both fans in the same
direction creates oppositely directed air currents, such air
currents drawing air into the housing through inlets 60 and 62,
respectively, in opposite directions when the common drive shaft 48
for the fans is rotated in the direction indicated by arrow 82. If
desired, baffles 84 can be symmetrically formed within head 16, as
shown in phantom in FIG. 1, to aid in the deflection of the axial
air currents formed by fans 64 and 66 to expel heated air
transverse to the axis of the housing.
In operation, end cap 30 is rotated in order to align the indexing
mark thereon with the desired indicia carried on extension 22 with
the rotation of the end cap moving the actuator 26 to set the
switching circuit 24 to operate the hair drying appliance in the
selected mode of operation. To this end, switching circuit 24
supplies electricity to heating elements 58 with a predetermined
voltage to control the temperature thereof; and, similarly,
controls the DC voltage supplied to electric motor 36 to control
the speed of rotation thereof. A suitable attachment for styling or
shaping hair, such as a brush, comb, or nozzle, can be mounted on
heat 16 of the housing 12 in alignment with outlet opening 63; and,
thereafter the hair drying appliance can be utilized to dry and
style or shape the hair as desired, it being appreciated that the
cylindrical configuration of the head 16 of the housing permits the
head to be used as a mandrel in styling or shaping the hair.
The motor 36, shaft 48 and fans 64 and 66 form a blower disposed in
the housing for drawing first and second currents of air into the
housing through the inlets 60 and 62 and directing the first and
second air currents along the axis of the housing in opposite
directions toward the space between the fans with the air being
heated by the heating assembly 54 and radially expelled through the
outlet 63 in a direction transverse to the axis of the housing. The
total area of the inlet openings 60 and 62 is preferably one and a
half times as great as the area of the outlet opening 63; and, if
desired, inlet openings can be disposed along the handle 14 such
that air flows past the motor 36 for cooling.
The hand held hair drying appliance 10, as described above, thus
provides a high volume of heated air without requiring a large or
irregularly configured housing; and, accordingly, the tubular
housing 12 preferably has a cylindrical configuration with a
diameter conforming to the diameter of the fans 64 and 66 in order
to provide an elongate, sleek configuration, round in cross-section
that is easily held and manipulated by a user. For instance, it has
been found that heated air can be expelled at a rate of 40
cu.ft./min. with the head of the housing having a diameter of
1.beta. inches thereby providing sufficient heated air flow to
effectively dry hair while the diameter and configuration of the
housing is such as to be utilized in the styling or shaping of
hair.
Inasmuch as the present invention is subject to many variations,
modifications and changes in detail, it is intended that all
subject matter described above or shown in the accompanying
drawings be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting
sense.
* * * * *