U.S. patent number 3,884,467 [Application Number 05/240,115] was granted by the patent office on 1975-05-20 for device for hitting a ball, shuttlecock or the like.
Invention is credited to Reinhold Sommer.
United States Patent |
3,884,467 |
Sommer |
May 20, 1975 |
Device for hitting a ball, shuttlecock or the like
Abstract
A striking device for striking a ball or shuttlecock or the like
includes a striking means, preferably in the form of an array of
string elements supported in a frame. The frame has connected
thereto a handle. There are resilient means interposed between the
striking means and the handle. In this manner the striking means is
normally held in a predetermined position relative to the handle.
The striking means is yieldable in a direction perpendicular to the
plane occupied by the striking means when a ball or shuttlecock or
the like impacts against the striking means. Modifications include
helical springs provided outside the frame and movable segment
members are used outside of spring means. Tube projections of
segments are thickened at inner ends and are pressed into bores of
the frame. Rotatably mounted pins optionally are mounted in a
"heart piece" between the frame and handle.
Inventors: |
Sommer; Reinhold (4300 Essen,
DT) |
Family
ID: |
5804091 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/240,115 |
Filed: |
March 31, 1972 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
Current U.S.
Class: |
473/539 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A63B
49/02 (20130101); A63B 49/022 (20151001); A63B
49/00 (20130101); A63B 49/028 (20151001) |
Current International
Class: |
A63B
49/00 (20060101); A63b 051/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;273/73R,73C,73D,73E,73H,73L |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
234,021 |
|
May 1925 |
|
GB |
|
788,772 |
|
Aug 1935 |
|
FR |
|
873,589 |
|
Mar 1942 |
|
FR |
|
309,238 |
|
Apr 1929 |
|
GB |
|
Primary Examiner: Apley; Richard J.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Becker; Walter
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A racket comprising an open, peripheral head frame having its
ends extended beyond one side at its throat portion and continuing
parallel to each other to form a handle for said racket, and a
cross-piece extending between the sides of said head frame at said
throat portion and complementary to the opposite side of said head
frame, thereby forming a closed loop head frame, at least said head
frame and throat portion having an external channel formed therein,
said head frame and throat portion being formed with string holes
therethrough, an array of strings extending in longitudinal and
transverse directions across said peripheral head frame to form a
striking surface, a plurality of the centrally located strings in
at least the longitudinal direction extending from said throat
portion to said opposite side of said head frame, said centrally
located strings being connected to said head frame by first string
connecting means, said first string connecting means connecting
said centrally located strings to said frame comprising resiliently
cushioned segments having inner surfaces and outer surfaces, coil
springs seated in said channel between said frame and the inner
surfaces of said segments to cushion movement of said segments and
resiliently tension said centrally located strings, tubular string
guide means in said channel through which said strings pass and are
guided around the outer surfaces of said segments, the centrally
located strings on the side adjacent said throat portion passing
through said cross-piece and outwardly through said frame and
connected to second string connecting means, said second string
connecting means comprising spring-pressed segments seated in the
channel of said frame at said throat portion and coil springs in
said channel between said frame and the inner surfaces of said
segments, the remaining strings in the longitudinal direction
passing through the string holes in the frame and being connected
directly to the frame.
2. A racket comprising an open, peripheral head frame with an
integral handle formed by the ends of said head frame at its throat
portion extending from one side, at least said head frame and
throat portion having an external channel formed therein, said head
frame and throat portion being formed with string holes
therethrough, an array of strings extending across said head frame
in longitudinal and transverse directions to form a striking
surface, a plurality of centrally located strings in each of said
directions being resiliently connected to said frame by resilient
cushioning means, the strings in each of said directions on both
sides of the center strings being connected directly to said head
frame, sid cushioning means comprising a plurality of segments
fitting in said channel, said segments having inner and outer
surfaces, one of said segments being located on the side opposite
said handle and two other segments being located along the
transverse axis on the diametrically opposite sides, each of said
segments having a length equal to the width of said centrally
located strings which pass through said segment and are retained
thereby, a plurality of coil springs seated in said channel between
the inner surface of each segment and frame to resist movement of
said segment and tension the springs connected thereto, said one
segment on the side of the frame opposite the handle receiving and
connecting the center strings extending from the handle side, the
other two segments on the diametrically opposite sides receiving
and connecting the center strings in the other direction to the
opposite sides of said frame, a cross-piece located across the two
sides of said frame at said throat portion complementary to the
opposite side of said frame and through which the center strings in
the longitudinal direction pass, the center strings in said
longitudinal direction also passing through the sides of the frame
at the side portions of said cross-piece at said throat portion by
additional segments seated in said channel at said side portions
for connecting said longitudinal centrally located strings to said
frame, and coil springs seated in said channel between said
additional segments and said frame.
3. A device according to claim 2, in which said cross-piece
includes deflecting means for changing direction of said strings to
extend outwardly normal to said frame.
4. A device according to claim 3 in which said deflecting means
comprises pins.
5. A device according to claim 4 in which at least some of said
pins are rotatable in the transition region.
6. A device according to claim 4 in which at least some of said
pins are cross sectionally in the form of segments of a circle with
the curved side facing said centrally located strings passing
through said cross-piece.
7. A device according to claim 2 in which said segments and said
additional segments include grooves on their outer surfaces for
receiving said strings.
8. A device according to claim 2, in which tubular string guiding
means are positioned in said channel through which said strings
pass and are guided around the outer surfaces of said segments and
said additional segments.
Description
The present invention relates to a device for hitting a ball,
shuttlecock, or the like. Such a device may be used for example in
playing tennis, badminton or other similar games.
With devices, such as rackets of this kind, the hitting surface
normally is made up of strings possessing a certain inherent
elasticity. This elasticity enables a ball to be hit by the racket
to bounce off elastically, but since the inclination of the hitting
surface to the handle varies during impact it may be difficult to
achieve an exact aim using the racket.
It is an object of this invention to provide a device of the above
mentioned character, which will make it possible to determine the
direction of travel of a ball hit by the device of the invention by
the direction of movement of the handle only.
It is another object of this invention to provide a device as set
forth in the preceding paragraph, which will permit adjusting the
resiliency of the hitting surface in conformity with the desire of
the respective player.
These and other objects and advantages of the invention will appear
more clearly from the following specification in connection with
the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 illustrates in plan view of the racket according to the
invention.
FIG. 2 shows a section taken along the line 2--2 of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 represents a section taken along the line 3--3 of FIG.
1.
FIG. 4 is a section taken along the line 4--4 of FIG. 3.
FIG. 5 shows a detail view of a frame of another embodiment of the
invention, mainly in front elevation, but partly in section, the
movable members and springs having been withdrawn from the
frame.
FIG. 6 shows a detailed plan view of the embodiment shown in FIG.
5, one movable member and spring having been entirely removed.
FIG. 7 shows a part of a different frame in front elevation, the
movable member and springs having been withdrawn from the
frame.
FIG. 8 shows a detail of a region of the cross-piece of another
embodiment of the invention.
The device for hitting a ball according to the present invention,
the hitting surface of which is formed by strings fastened in a
frame while the device has elastic means permitting a nearly
frictionless movement of the hitting surface relative to the handle
of the device, is characterized primarily in that the elastic means
are so arranged and designed that the hitting surface during its
movements will not change its position relative to the said
handle.
According to one embodiment of the invention, a plurality of
retainers are provided on the support. These retainers are segments
retaining the resilient mounting means or springs of steel, rubber
or other material against the support. In this instance, the
hitting means is preferably defined by a frame, while the resilient
mounting means are arranged to act between the frame and the
support, while alternately the retainers comprise members mounted
to be movable relative to the support. The resilient mounting means
are arranged to act between the support and said movable
members.
The resilient mounting means may be received in apertures in the
support, each movable member being provided with an individual
projection engaging the or each respective mounting means arranged
to act between the support and the respective movable member, and
being provided with a groove on the side of the movable member
opposite the or each projection, the groove receiving a string
connecting portion joining adjacent strings of the hitting
means.
The hitting means may comprise an array of strings, the ends of the
strings being provided with retainers retaining the mounting means
against the support.
FIGS. 1 to 4 show a racket in which resilient mounting means or
helical springs 23 are inserted in recesses 25 provided on a frame
24 and cushion the center strings in each direction to provide a
control resiliently cushioned area of the striking surface. Outside
the springs 23, there are provided movable members in the form of
retainers, holding means, segmental members or segments 26 which
have projections 27 on their inner side, the projections 27
extending into the springs 23. The projections 27 may, if desired,
be of hollow construction. On their outer side the retainers or
segments 26 are provided with a groove 28 to receive a connecting
portion between two of the strings 29 forming a part of the hitting
means and defining a portion of the hitting surface. The segments
26 are further provided with tube-like extensions 30 (FIG. 4)
through which the strings 29 are passed. The individual strings of
the racket may, in this embodiment and in the other described
embodiments all be integral with one another, or alternatively some
or all of them may be constructed of separate lengths of material.
The segments 26 are arranged in a groove 31 of the frame 24. A
clearance f is provided between a base surface 32 of the groove 31
and a flange of the segments 26. The clearance f determines the
maximum length which the springs are permitted to adopt.
From FIGS. 5 and 6 it is evident that the segments 26 are captive
in the frame, this being a preferable feature of the racket. In
this embodiment, for this purpose the tube-like projections 33 of
the segments 34 are at their inner ends provided with thickened
portions 35, the outer diameter of which is somewhat greater than
the diameter of the bores 37 provided in the frame 36. The segments
34 may consist of thermoplastic material so that for the insertion
of the segments 34 into the frame 36 the tube-like projections 33
need to be heated only slightly in order to permit the thickened
portions 35 to yield sufficiently to enable the projections 33 to
be pressed into the bores 37. Alternatively, the segments 34 may be
constructed of an elastic material.
The frame 36 is also provided with bores 38, to receive the helical
springs 39. When a sufficiently short spring 39 and a corresponding
design of the segments 34 are employed, a construction can be
realized according to which the segments 34 do not project
outwardly beyond the outer edge region of the frame 36. With this
arrangement, damage to the segments 34 during a possible impact of
the racket with the ground can be avoided.
The segments 34 are provided on their outer side with a groove 40
to receive the connecting portions between pairs of strings 41.
Referring now to FIG. 7, there is shown a part of a frame 42 into
which a different segment 43 can be inserted. The segment 43 can
receive three helical springs 44.
With reference to FIG. 8, there is shown a part of a cross-piece 45
of a different racket. In this embodiment, strings 46 run
approximately perpendicularly with regard to the local periphery of
a frame part 47 adjacent the cross-piece 45 and thus also
perpendicularly with regard to the segments 48 inserted into the
frame part 47. This is achieved by the provision of pins 49 secured
in the cross-piece 45, the strings 46 being guided around the pins
49. In order to assure that the friction occurring during the
elastic movement of the strings 46 relatively to the pins 49 will
be at a low value, the pins 49 may be rotatably mounted. In order
that the curvature of the strings 46 at the deflecting position
where the strings bend into the string holes has a sufficiently
large radius, pins 50 may be provided, the cross-sectional shape of
which is that of a segment of a circle. In the embodiment of
retainers shown in FIG. 8 the segment 48 is captive on the frame
part 47, the segment 48 being connected to the frame part by means
of screws 51.
Where the segments are captive on the frame (FIGS. 5 to 8), during
a possible tearing of one of the strings forming the hitting means,
the helical springs also cannot become lost since these are held on
their part by the segments.
With the described embodiments of the device according to the
invention the direction of travel of a ball hit properly by string
of the device may be determined only by the direction of movement
of the handle.
Where the resilient mounting means are adjustable as to their
resiliency, it is possible to set the resiliency of the hitting
surface at a value which may be most convenient or suitable to the
respective player using the device.
With heretofore known ball hitting devices, the resiliency of the
hitting surface may be determined only by the inherent elasticity
of the strings, in which case the resiliency decreases considerably
toward the edge regions of the device so that the center of the
hitting surface has a great resiliency than the edge regions. This
is due to the fact that the strings can yield in a direction
perpendicular with regard to the plane of the hitting surface to a
greater extent in the center than at the edge regions. However,
with the described embodiments of the device according to the
invention, in which the effective resiliency of the hitting surface
is based upon the resiliency of the mounting means which mount the
hitting means on the support, the resiliency of the whole hitting
surface may be equal.
Where movable members in the form of segments are used, it is
possible to equip existing ball hitting devices so that they will
operate in a manner similar to that of the described embodiments
provided with segments. The segments may be so constructed that
each one cooperates with one or more springs or other resilient
mounting means. Expediently, however, at least two mounting means
are received by each segment.
The mounting means may comprise springs constructed of steel,
rubber or other material. Helical springs are a convenient form of
spring for use in the described embodiments. However, springs of
other shapes than cylindrical may be used. Furthermore, either
tension springs or compression springs may be employed.
The described embodiments may permit low-friction movement of the
hitting surface relative to the handle thereby maintaining the
stress applied to the arm of a player at a low value.
It is, of course, to be understood that the present invention is,
by no means, limited to the particular showing in the drawings but
also comprises any modifications within the sceope of the appended
claims.
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