U.S. patent number 3,882,928 [Application Number 05/447,380] was granted by the patent office on 1975-05-13 for building heating and cooling system.
Invention is credited to Joseph F. Gazzo.
United States Patent |
3,882,928 |
Gazzo |
May 13, 1975 |
Building heating and cooling system
Abstract
A home includes a zone of rooms used in the daytime and a second
zone includes rooms used in the evening. A furnace is provided for
heating and cooling each of the rooms in each of the zones. A
damper having a reversible motor is provided in each of the ducts
applying conditioned air to each of the rooms. The fuel valve is
controlled by separate thermostats for each of the zones in turn
controlled by a clock timer. At the beginning of the evening period
the clock timer closes a circuit through the reversible motors
closing the dampers in the daytime rooms and opening the dampers in
the nighttime rooms and also closing a circuit through the
nighttime thermostat for operating the solenoid fuel valve. When
the damper has moved to its open or closed position it opens a
limit switch stopping the reversible motor. The other switch is
closed and ready to make a circuit through the reversible motor at
the beginning of the daytime period as set on the clock timer when
a circuit will then be made again through the reversible motor
closing the dampers in the rooms in the nighttime zone and opening
the dampers in the rooms in the daytime zone. The circuit through
the nighttime thermostat is now open and the daytime thermostat is
closed for controlling the fuel valve. Similar dampers may be
provided in the air return ducts if desired. A manual switch is
provided for each damper which, when actuated, opens up the
circuits including the clock timer thereby holding the dampers in
either closed or opened positions as desired.
Inventors: |
Gazzo; Joseph F. (Des Moines,
IA) |
Family
ID: |
23776153 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/447,380 |
Filed: |
March 1, 1974 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
165/212;
165/238 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G05D
23/275 (20130101); G05D 23/1904 (20130101); F24F
11/00 (20130101); F24F 11/74 (20180101); F24F
11/61 (20180101); F24F 2221/54 (20130101); F24F
11/30 (20180101); F24F 2110/10 (20180101); F24F
11/84 (20180101) |
Current International
Class: |
F24F
11/00 (20060101); G05D 23/275 (20060101); F24f
003/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;165/12,22,26,27 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Sukalo; Charles
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Zarley, McKee, Thomte &
Voorhees
Claims
I claim:
1. A building heating and cooling system for providing conditioned
air alternately to two zones of the building comprising,
a conditioned air source having an electrical control means movable
between open and closed positions,
an output conditioned air duct connected between each zone and said
air source,
a damper in each duct having a reversible motor for moving said
damper between open and closed positions,
a pair of limit switches alternately opened and closed by said
damper as it moves between said open and closed positions,
a thermostat for each zone,
a clock timer connected to an electrical power source and including
alternate circuits therethrough for operating said damper
motors,
a first circuit for operating said electrical control means
including said power source, one timer circuit, a thermostat for
one zone and said electrical control means,
a second circuit for operating said electrical control means
including said power source, the other timer circuit, the
thermostat for the other zone and said electrical control means
whereby said electrical control means at times set on said timer is
operated by said one circuit and at other times by said second
circuit,
a third circuit for operating said damper motors and opening said
dampers in one zone and closing them in the other zone including
said electrical power source, said one timer circuit, one of said
limit switches and said damper motor,
a fourth circuit for operating said damper motors and closing said
dampers in one zone and opening them in the other zone including
said electrical power source, the other timer circuit, the other of
said limit switches and said damper motor whereby at times said
conditioned air source supplied conditioned air only to said one
zone of said building having dampers open and at other times
supplies air only to said other zone having dampers open.
2. The structure of claim 1 wherein return air ducts extend between
said zones and said conditioned air source and motor operated
dampers are provided in said ducts for operation with the dampers
in said output ducts whereby said dampers in said output and return
ducts are simultaneously either open or closed for each zone.
3. The structure of claim 1 wherein fifth and sixth circuits are
provided for manually operating said dampers in each of said zones,
said fifth and sixth circuits each including said power source, a
normally open switch, and said damper motor and means for rendering
said fourth and fifth circuits inoperative whereby selected dampers
in each zone can be maintained continuously selectively open or
closed independently of said timer.
4. The structure of claim 3 wherein said means for rendering said
third and fourth circuits inoperative includes a linkage means
connecting said normally open switches to normally closed switches
in said third and fourth circuits and upon said normally open
switches being actuated to a closed position said normally closed
switches are moved to an open position.
5. The structure of claim 1 wherein said first circuit of said
clock timer is open during night hours and closed during day hours
and said second circuit is closed during night hours and open
during day hours.
6. The structure of claim 1 wherein said electrical control means
for said conditioned air source is further defined as a solenoid
valve in a fuel line connected to said conditioned air source
further defined as a furnace having a burner for hot air and an air
conditioner for cool air.
7. The structure of claim 1 wherein said first zone is further
defined as including the day living rooms of a house and the second
zone includes the evening rooms.
8. The structure of claim 1 wherein said limit switches are
normally closed and said damper upon reaching an open position
actuates said one limit switch in said third circuit to an open
position thereby opening the third circuit and stopping the damper
motor, and said damper upon reaching a closed position actuates
said other limit switch in said fourth circuit to an open position
thereby stopping the damper motor.
9. The structure of claim 8 wherein said dampers include a shaft
extending outwardly of said duct and an actuating arm is provided
on said shaft to move therewith and said limit switches are
positioned in the path of said actuating arm for alternate
engagement therewith as said damper moves between said open and
closed positions.
10. The structure of claim 9 wherein a coupling is provided on said
shaft and is connected to the output shaft of said reversible
motor.
Description
The ordinary home generally heats all rooms substantially uniformly
during the day and the night. The same is true if air conditioning
is available. This system necessarily results in a waste of energy
due to the fact that the rooms used during the daytime do not
require conditioned air during the evening hours and conversely the
bedrooms do not require conditioned air during the day hours.
The heating and cooling system of this invention provides
conditioned air to these two zones on the basis of usage as
controlled by a timer clock. Ducts leading from the furnace to each
of the rooms include dampers which are automatically opened and
closed in response to the operation of a reversible motor connected
to the dampers and controlled by circuits including the timer
clock. Circuits are also selectively made through the timer clock
which include alternately thermostats for each of the two zones. If
it is desired to continuously provide conditioned air to an
individual room a switch may be operated that will cause the damper
for that room to be opened and the circuits including the timer
clock controlling that motor are also opened. Conversely, if it is
desired to close off a room permanently a manual switch may be
thrown which will cause the damper to move to a closed position and
simultaneously open switches in the circuits including the timer
clock and the reversible motor.
Existing homes may be converted to the heating and cooling system
of this invention by addition of the reversible motors to the
existing dampers. An additional thermostat will be required along
with a control panel for the timer clock and manual control
switches.
The timer clock may be set as desired but conveniently would be set
to provide conditioned air to the zones in advance of use by
occupants of the house.
It is apparent that utilization of the heating and cooling system
of this invention will result in substantial savings in fuel
throughout the entire year as only the rooms in the house that are
actually being used are heated or cooled.
This invention consists in the construction, arrangements and
combination of the various parts of the device, whereby the objects
contemplated are attained as hereinafter more fully set forth,
specifically pointed out in the claims, and illustrated in the
accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic electrical schematic drawing of the
heating and cooling system of this invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the master control panel.
FIGS. 3 and 4 are floor plans for a typical house showing the rooms
included in each of the zones which will be ultimately provided
with conditioned air.
FIG. 5 is a side elevation diagrammatic view of a furnace burner
unit, and
FIG. 6 is a fragmentary side elevation view of the damper in the
living room conditioned air duct as taken along line 6 - 6 in FIG.
1.
The heating and cooling system of this invention is incorporated
into a home having a floor plan as seen in FIGS. 3 and 4. The
shaded areas in FIGS. 3 and 4 represent zones 1 and 2,
respectively, and these zones are referred to by the reference
numerals 10 and 12. It is seen that zone 1 sometimes referred to as
the "day" zone includes the kitchen, dining room and living room
while zone 2 sometimes referred to as the "night" zone includes the
sleeping quarters or bedrooms. It is further seen that each of the
rooms are provided with doors 14 to maintain zones 1 and 2 isolated
from each other. Each of the doors include spring means 16 to
maintain them in the normally closed condition.
The house on which this system is utilized will include a
conventional furnace which may have air conditioning equipment
incorporated therein and will include a burner 20, as seen in FIG.
5, having burner elements 22. Each of the rooms will be connected
to the furnace by ducts such as the duct 24 for providing
conditioned air to the living room. Return ducts may also be
conventionally provided. Each of the ducts will include a damper 26
rotatable on a shaft 28 to open and close the duct as seen in FIG.
1 wherein the duct for the living room is illustrated. The
solid-line position indicates an open position while the dash-line
position 30 illustrates a closed position. The shaft 28 is
connected by coupling 32 to the shaft 34 of a reversible motor 36.
Outside of the duct 24 on the shaft 28 is an arm 38 which carries
an actuating element 40 for engagement with limits switches 42 and
44 as the damper moves between open and closed positions. The
actuating element 40 is adjustable so that the contact with the
switches 42 and 44 may be controlled as desired. The switches are
normally closed and thus are opened by the damper upon completion
of a move from one position to another.
The reversible motor 36 is operated off a 24 volt transformer 46
connected to a 110 power source 48. The transformer is connected to
a clock timer 50 which includes alternate circuits 52 and 54
through it. The solid line circuit 52 is connected to a terminal 53
in turn connected to what is referred to as first and third
circuits 54 and 56. The first circuit 54 includes the day
thermostat 58 which in turn is connected to the fuel valve solenoid
60 which is provided with a return line 62 to the transformer 46. A
second circuit 64 is connected to a night thermostat 66 in turn
connected to the fuel valve solenoid 60. The fuel line 67 is, of
course, connected to the burner 20.
Referring again to the third circuit 56, it is seen that it
includes a normally closed switch 70 which is connected to the
normally closed limit switch 42 shown held open by the damper
actuating element 40 in FIGS. 1 and 6. A line 72 is connected to
the third circuit 56 between the switch 70 and the clock timer 50
and is connected to a normally closed switch 74 in turn connected
to a reversible motor (not shown) for the bedroom No. 1 damper. It
is seen that the dampers in the ducts for rooms in zone 1 will be
opening when the dampers in rooms in zone 2 will be closing and
vice versa. Thus it is seen that the third circuit 56 serves to
open the daytime dampers and close the nighttime dampers. The
fourth circuit 78 is connected to a switch 80 in turn connected to
the limit switch 44 seen closed in association with the open damper
26 in FIG. 1. A clock timer 50 is also connected through the third
circuit 56 to a switch 84 for the bedroom No. 1 damper. It is
understood that the living room switches 70 and 80 and damper
operation are similar for all of the daytime or zone 1 rooms while
the nighttime switches 74 and 84 for bedroom No. 1 are similarly
equivalent for the nighttime rooms in zone 2. Thus when the dampers
in the daytime zone 1 rooms are open the dampers in the nighttime
rooms of zone 2 are closed and vice versa.
Manual operation of the dampers is possible through use of a master
control panel 86 having three positioned actuators for operating
the dampers between open and closed and automatic positions.
Representative of these actuators are the ones for the living room
and bedroom No. 1 referred to by the reference numerals 88 and 90,
respectively. It is seen that the switches 70 and 80 are linked
together by the actuator 88 as well as a switch 92 movable between
open and closed positions 94 and 96, respectively. The switch 92
connected directly to the transformer 46 is in turn connected to
the limit switches 42 and 44. Thus it is seen that moving the
actuator 88 to the center automatic position renders the switch 92
inoperative and closes the switches 70 and 80 and conversely when
the actuator 88 is moved either to an up open position or a down
closed position for contact with the terminals 94 and 96,
respectively, the switches 70 and 80 are moved to open positions.
In the case of the zone 2 dampers, as illustrated by the bedroom
No. 1, the switch 100 is movable between contacts 102 and 104 for
closing and opening the damper respectively and simultaneously
opening the switches 74 and 84.
Thus in operation it is seen that an existing heating system can be
modified to incorporate this invention therein by providing on each
of the dampers a reversible motor 36 and the associated limit
switches 42 and 44 through the use of the coupling 32 connecting
the shaft 34 to the damper shaft 28. An additional second
thermostat such as the night thermostat 66 is connected to the
solenoid fuel valve 60 for controlling it in response to the clock
timer 50 which is added to the system along with the switches 70,
80 and 92 for the living room damper 26 which is representative of
each of the other rooms in both zones 1 and 2. The clock timer is
of a conventional design and provides alternate circuits through it
according to a programmed schedule. Thus the daytime circuits 1 and
3 would be connected to the transformer through the conductor 52 in
the clock timer 50 during daytime hours such as 7:00 A.M. to 10:00
P.M., and the conductor 54 would connect the transformer 46 to the
third and fourth circuits for nighttime operation during the hours
10:00 P.M. through 7:00 A.M.
As seen in FIG. 1, a circuit is made from the transformer through
the clock timer via the conductor 52 to the first and third
circuits 54 and 56 thus placing in operation the daytime thermostat
58 for controlling the solenoid valve 60. At this time the
nighttime second and fourth circuits are open due to the open
condition of the conductor 54 in the clock timer. The third circuit
56 including the closed switch 70 is as shown open at the damper 26
by virtue of the switch 42 being held in an open position by the
actuator element 40. At the beginning of the daytime period at for
example 7:00 A.M., the damper 26 moved from a closed position to an
open position thereby at the completion of that movement the switch
42 was opened by the actuator element 40 thus energizing the fourth
circuit to close the damper at the beginning of the nighttime
period at 10:00 o'clock when the second and fourth circuits are
closed through the timer 50. Thus at 10:00 o'clock the fourth
circuit including the switch 80, which is shown closed, would
energize the reversible motor 36 through the limit switch 44 which
is closed to operate the motor and move the damper 26 to the closed
position indicated by the reference numeral 30 and the turning of
the damper would be stopped by the actuating element 40 opening the
switch 44 and simultaneously allowing the switch 42 to move to its
normally closed position whereupon at 7:00 A.M., the procedure
would be repeated and the first and third circuits would be
energized with the motor 36 being operated by the third circuit 56
through the limit switch 42 now closed. When the damper 26 had
moved to its open position it would again open the switch 42 to
stop the motor 36 and simultaneously close the switch 44 readying
the system for closing the damper come 10:00 o'clock in the
evening. As previously indicated, the dampers for the zone 2
nighttime rooms are operating 180.degree. out of phase and are
closed when the zone 1 dampers are opened and open when the zone 1
dampers are closed.
The night thermostat 66 is seen in FIGS. 3 and 4 as being located
in bedroom No. 1 and could conveniently be located in either of the
other zone 2 bedrooms while the daytime thermostat 58 is located in
the living room as a matter of convenience. The control panel 86 is
located in either zone 1 or 2 but is shown in living room as a
matter of convenience. A conventional actuator 110 on the control
panel 86 is provided for providing cooling or heating as is
required. This switch can also be moved to an off position to make
the system inoperative.
It can be appreciated that through use of the selective heating and
cooling system of this invention it will be possible to use smaller
heating and cooling units since ordinarily at any one time only
approximately half of the house is being heated or cooled.
Therefore, as indicated in FIG. 5, a conventional burner having
five heating elements 22 could be reduced in size by eliminating
some of the elements such as indicated by the dash line outer
elements leaving the three middle elements. Air conditioning
requirements would be reduced correspondingly.
* * * * *