U.S. patent number 3,881,476 [Application Number 05/356,989] was granted by the patent office on 1975-05-06 for interlocked surgical drape and method.
This patent grant is currently assigned to The Kendal Company. Invention is credited to James H. Bolker, Robert F. Collins, Richard L. Zoephel.
United States Patent |
3,881,476 |
Bolker , et al. |
May 6, 1975 |
Interlocked surgical drape and method
Abstract
An interlocked drape comprising, a sheet of flexible material
having a pair of side edges extending longitudinally along the
sheet, and a pair of laterally extending end edges connecting the
side edges. The sheet has a plurality of longitudinally extending
folds reducing the width of the sheet, a first lateral fold of the
longitudinally folded sheet generally in the longitudinal
mid-region of the sheet, and a lateral accordion fold of the
laterally folded sheet, whereby the sheet is interlocked to prevent
premature unfolding during manipulation of the drape.
Inventors: |
Bolker; James H. (Hoffman
Estates, IL), Zoephel; Richard L. (Lake Villa, IL),
Collins; Robert F. (Barrington, IL) |
Assignee: |
The Kendal Company (Walpole,
MA)
|
Family
ID: |
23403830 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/356,989 |
Filed: |
May 3, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
128/855 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A61B
46/00 (20160201) |
Current International
Class: |
A61B
19/08 (20060101); A61B 19/00 (20060101); A61f
013/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;128/132D,292
;206/46SG |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Gaudet; Richard A.
Assistant Examiner: Dunne; G. F.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Sprunger; Powell L.
Claims
We claim:
1. A method of folding a surgical drape comprising the steps
of:
folding the drape longitudinally to reduce the width of the
drape;
folding the longitudinally folded drape along a first lateral fold
line generally in the mid-region of the drape to define a pair of
contiguous end portions extending from the first fold line having
free ends; and
fan folding both contiguous end portions together a sufficient
number of times to interleave both of the end portions, interlock
the drape, and prevent premature unfolding of a substantial portion
of the drape during manipulation of the drape.
2. An interlocked surgical drape comprising, a sheet of flexible
material including a pair of side edges extending longitudinally
along the sheet, a pair of laterally extending end edges connecting
said side edges, a plurality of longitudinally extending folds
reducing the width of said sheet, a first lateral fold of the
longitudinally folded sheet generally in the longitudinal
mid-region of the sheet, said first fold defining a pair of
contiguous end portions extending from the first fold and having
free ends, and a lateral accordion fold extending through both of
the contiguous end portions to interleave said end portions with
ends of the end portions being exposed at an outer surface of the
laterally folded sheet, whereby said sheet is interlocked to
prevent premature unfolding of a substantial portion of the drape
during manipulation of the drape and the sheet may be readily
unfolded during placement by grasping the ends of the end
portions.
3. The drape of claim 2, wherein said sheet has a rectangular
shape, and said longitudinal folds comprises a fan fold of said
sheet generally parallel to said side edges.
4. The drape of claim 2 wherein the accordion folded sheet defines
a plurality of contiguous sections of approximately equal length,
and at least one end section extending from said contiguous
sections.
5. The drape of claim 4 wherein said drape has a pair of end
sections extending from opposite ends of said contiguous
sections.
6. The drape of claim 5 wherein said end sections are folded over
the top of said contiguous sections, providing flaps for unfolding
the drape.
7. The drape of claim 5 wherein said end sections have a length
approximately equal to one-half the length of said contiguous
sections.
8. The drape of claim 4 wherein said first lateral fold is offset
from the longitudinal center of the sheet by a distance
approximately equal to one-half the length of a contiguous
section.
9. The drape of claim 4 wherein said accordion folded sheet defines
(2i+1) contiguous sections, where i=1,2,3, . . . , n.
10. The drape of claim 9 wherein said first lateral fold is located
at a longitudinal end of the most central contiguous section.
11. The drape of claim 9 wherein an end edge of the longitudinally
folded sheet is positioned adjacent the longitudinal center of an
end-most contiguous section after said first lateral fold.
12. The drape of claim 2 wherein the accordion folded sheet defines
a plurality of contiguous sections of approximately equal length,
and said first lateral fold is positioned adjacent the longitudinal
center of said sheet.
13. The drape of claim 12 wherein said accordion folded sheet has
(2i+2) contiguous sections, where i=1,2,3, . . . , n.
14. The drape of claim 2 wherein the accordion folded sheet defines
(2i+3) contiguous sections of approximately equal length, where
i=1,2,3, . . . , n, with the first lateral fold being offset from
the longitudinal center of the sheet by a distance approximately
equal to one-half the length of a section.
15. An interlocked surgical drape comprising, a sheet of flexible
material including, a pair of side edges, a pair of end edges
connecting said side edges, a plurality of longitudinally extending
folds reducing the width of the sheet, a first lateral fold of the
longitudinally folded sheet, said first fold defining a pair of end
portions extending from the first fold, and a lateral accordion
fold of the laterally folded end portions, with the accordion fold
defining a plurality of interleaved intermediate contiguous
sections of approximately equal length, and defining a pair of end
sections extending from opposite ends of and folded over the top of
all of said intermediate sections, with the length of said end
sections being approximately equal to one-half the length of the
intermediate sections, and with the first lateral fold being offset
from the longitudinal center of the sheet a distance approximately
equal to one-half the length of the intermediate sections, whereby
said sheet is interleaved and interlocked to prevent premature
unfolding of a substantial portion of the drape during manipulation
of the drape.
16. An interlocked surgical drape comprising, a sheet of flexible
material including, a pair of side edges extending longitudinally
along the sheet, a pair of laterally extending end edges connecting
said side edges, a plurality of longitudinally extending folds
reducing the width of said sheet, a central section of the
longitudinally folded sheet and a pair of end portions extending
from opposite ends of said central section and having free ends,
both of said end portions being fan-folded a sufficient number of
times to interleave both end portions with each other and interlock
the drape, preventing premature unfolding of a substantial portion
of the drape during placement of the drape.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to surgical drapes.
2. Description of the Prior Art
A various assortment of drapes have been used during surgical
procedures for many years, and more recently disposable drapes have
attained widespread use. Some of these drapes, such as laparotomy
drapes, have a relatively large size and bulk. Although most drapes
are folded in some manner, it is particularly important that larger
drapes be folded into a convenient configuration to facilitate
packaging, handling, and subsequent placement of the drape on a
patient.
In the past, large drapes have usually been folded in a manner
similar to that shown in FIG. 5 of Endres U.S. Pat. No. 3,695,260,
and FIGS. 7, 8, and 11 of Keoughan, Jr., et al., U.S. Pat. No.
3,343,534. Such drapes are first longitudinally fan-folded from
opposite sides of the drape, and then each of the opposite ends of
the longitudinally folded drape are laterally fan-folded into
separate stacks of folds, as shown in these patents. Although
drapes folded in this manner have a reduced bulk, as is desired,
difficulties have been encountered with such drapes in the
operating room. If a nurse, or other user, grasps and lifts the
drape by one of the laterally stacked fan folds, the other stack of
lateral fan folds may unfold and fall toward the floor. Thus, the
unfolded portion of the drape may touch a contaminated object, such
as the floor, and contaminate the previously sterile drape. In such
a case, the contaminated drape should be discarded, and another
sterile drape should be used in its place.
Accordingly, the prior art drapes have resulted in waste, and, at
the very least, require extreme care by the user to prevent
premature unfolding. For example, the nurse must grasp such a drape
with both hands to hold both lateral stacks of folds, or grasp and
hold both stacks of folds with one hand in the center of the drape.
In either case, both procedures require undue caution, and
resulting inconvenience, by the operating room personnel.
Other patents disclosing folded drape configurations are Rowland,
Jr. et al., U.S. Pat. No. 3,537,446 and Krebs No. 3,667,458.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The principal feature of the present invention is the provision of
a folded surgical drape which permits manipulation and placement of
the drape without premature unfolding of a substantial portion of
the drape.
The drape of the present invention comprises a sheet of flexible
material having a pair of side edges extending longitudinally along
the sheet, and a pair of laterally extending end edges connecting
the side edges. The sheet has a plurality of longitudinally
extending folds reducing the width of the sheet, a first lateral
fold of the longitudinally folded sheet generally in the
longitudinal mid-region of the sheet, and a lateral accordion fold
of the laterally folded sheet.
Thus, a feature of the invention is that the lateral accordion fold
of the sheet interlocks the drape to prevent premature unfolding of
a substantial portion of the drape during manipulation of the
drape.
Another feature of the invention is that in a preferred embodiment
of the drape the sheet includes a pair of end sections folded over
the top of the sheet, providing convenient flaps for unfolding and
placement of the drape on the patient.
Further features will become more fully apparent in the following
description of the embodiments of this invention and from the
appended claims.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a drape which may be folded into
the interlocked drape of the present invention;
FIGS. 2-6 are perspective and end views illustrating longitudinal
folding steps of the drape of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a longitudinally folded drape of
FIG. 1;
FIGS. 8-10 are perspective views illustrating steps in the lateral
folding of the drape of FIG. 7;
FIG. 11 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the interlocked
drape of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the drape of FIG. 11, showing the
drape being grasped and lifted by one hand of the user;
FIGS. 13 and 14 are perspective views illustrating a preferred
method of folding the interlocked drape of FIG. 11; and
FIGS. 15-17 are perspective views showing alternative embodiments
of the interlocked drape of the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring now to FIG. 1, there is shown a surgical drape designated
generally 20 comprising sheet 22 of flexible material having a pair
of side edges 24a and 24b, a pair of end edges 26a and 26b
connecting the side edges 24a and b, a top surface 28 facing away
from the patient after placement of the drape, and a lower surface
30 contacting the patient after placement of the drape. The drape
20, which is shown as having a rectangular shape, will normally
have longer side edges 24a and b than its end edges 26a and b, and
the side edges 24a and b will be described as extending
longitudinally along the drape, while the end edges 26a and b will
be described as extending laterally across the drape. However, it
will be understood that this terminology is utilized for
convenience in describing the invention, and the terms
"longitudinal" and "lateral" will be used irrespective of whether
the side edges 24a and b are shorter or longer than the end edges
26a and b. The drape 20 may be either disposable or non-disposable,
and the sheet 22 may be made of any suitable material, such as a
nonwoven fabric, which is frequently utilized for surgical
drapes.
As will be described below, the drape 20 is first folded
longitudinally in a normal fashion, and then the longitudinally
folded drape is folded laterally to provide the interlocked drape
of the present invention. Longitudinal and lateral lines shown on
the sheet 22 of FIG. 1 indicate where fold lines are impressed in
the sheet when folded in accordance with a preferred embodiment of
the invention. The letters a', b', c', d', e', f', and g' designate
longitudinal panels defined by the longitudinal fold lines, while
the letters a, b, c, d, e, f, and g designate lateral sections in
the sheet defined by the lateral fold lines.
For a relatively large drape, such as a laparotomy sheet, the drape
may be first longitudinally folded inwardly to reduce the overall
width of the drape, such as by a fan or accordion fold in the
accustomed fashion, as illustrated in FIGS. 2-6. Panels a' and g'
may be folded onto the top surface 28 of the sheet 22, as shown in
FIG. 2, providing the drape configuration illustrated in FIG. 3.
Next, the folded drape of FIG. 3 is further fan-folded as shown in
FIGS. 4 and 5 to result in the configuration of the longitudinally
folded drape illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7. Thus, the longitudinally
folded drape has a central panel d' and a folded stack of panels
folded over the top of panel d' adjacent each of its sides. One
stack of panels contains the panels a', b', and c', while the other
stack contains the panels e', f', and g'. Although for convenience
the drape has been described as having a longitudinal fan fold, it
is contemplated that the drape may be longitudinally folded in any
suitable manner.
The relationship of the previously mentioned lateral sections a, .
. . , g to the longitudinally folded drape is illustrated in FIG.
7. After the drape has been laterally folded according to a
preferred embodiment of the present invention, as described below,
the lateral fold lines define a plurality of contiguous
intermediate sections b, c, d, e, and f of approximately equal
length, and a pair of end sections a and g extending from opposite
ends of the contiguous sections. The end sections a and g
preferably having a length approximately equal to one-half the
length of the contiguous sections b, . . . , f.
As illustrated in FIG. 8, the longitudinally folded drape may first
be laterally folded along a line between sections d and e,
positioning section e on top of section d, and may then be reverse
folded along a line between sections e and f, locating section f on
top of section e. Next, as shown in FIG. 9, the drape is folded
along a line between sections c and d to position section c on top
of section d, and then the drape is reverse folded along a line
between sections b and c to position section b on top of section c.
Finally, the end sections a and g are folded over the top of the
intermediate section b, as shown in FIG. 10, to provide the
interlocked drape shown in FIG. 11.
The interlocked drape of FIG. 11 has a central section d, and two
end portions extending from opposite ends of section d, with one
end portion including sections a, b, and c, and the other end
portion containing sections e, f, and g. Both end portions are
fan-folded and interleave to interlock the drape, as shown. Thus,
when the drape is grasped and lifted by one hand, as shown in FIG.
12, pressure exerted by the hand on the interleaved intermediate
sections retain the sections in their folded configuration, and, at
the most, only one of the relatively small end sections may be free
to unfold. Accordingly, the folded interlocked drape of the present
invention may be handled with confidence and ease without the
possibility that a substantial portion of the drape may be
prematurely unfolded.
As may be seen from FIGS. 7-11, the drape of the preferred
embodiment has an odd number of intermediate contiguous sections
which may be calculated in number by the formula (2i+1), where
i=1,2,3, . . . , n. The longitudinal center of the drape is located
at approximately the center of the most-central intermediate
section, such that the fold lines between the most-central section
and the adjoining sections are offset from the longitudinal center
of the drape by a distance approximately equal to one-half of the
length of the intermediate sections.
A simplified manner of folding the longitudinally folded drape of
FIG. 7 into the interlocked drape of FIG. 11 is illustrated in
FIGS. 13 and 14. As shown in FIG. 13, the drape of FIG. 7 has a
first lateral fold 32 between sections d and e, such that the end
edge 26b is positioned adjacent the longitudinal center of the
end-most contiguous section b. As previously noted, the first
lateral fold 32 is offset from the longitudinal center line of the
drape by a distance approximately equal to one-half the length of
the intermediate sections. Next, the laterally folded drape of FIG.
13 is fan or accordion folded as illustrated in FIG. 14 to provide
the interlocked drape shown in FIG. 11.
The end sections a and g of the interlocked drape of FIG. 11
provide convenient grasping flaps for unfolding the drape during
placement of the drape on a patient. Thus, the end sections a and g
are first unfolded and then pulled in opposite directions to
laterally unfold the drape. A similar embodiment of the drape is
illustrated in FIG. 15, in which one of the end sections g has been
omitted, such that the end edge 126b of the drape is located at the
end of contiguous section f. The drape of this embodiment may be
laterally unfolded by grasping and pulling the end section a and
the contiguous section f adjacent the end edge 126b.
Another embodiment of the drape of the present invention is
illustrated in FIG. 16, in which the drape 220 has (2i+3)
contiguous sections of approximately equal length, where i=1,2,3, .
. . , n. In this embodiment, the first fold 232 is also offset from
the longitudinal center of the drape by a distance approximately
equal to one-half the length of a contiguous section. The two
end-most contiguous sections adjacent end edge 126b are overlapped
along a fold line 234, while the end-most section adjacent the
opposite end of the drape is positioned under these two sections
with the end edge 226a terminating adjacent the fold line 234. The
drape 220 may be unfolded for placement by grasping and pulling the
section adjacent end edge 226b sufficiently to expose the section
adjacent the end edge 226a, after which the section adjacent 226a
may be grasped and pulled in the opposite direction.
Another embodiment of the drape of the present invention is
illustrated in FIG. 17, in which the accordion folded sheet defines
(2i+2) contiguous sections of approximately equal length, where
i=1,2,3, . . . , n. The first lateral fold 332 of the drape 320 is
positioned adjacent the longitudinal center of the sheet 322, such
that the two opposite end-most contiguous sections are coextensive,
with one of these sections underlying the other. The drape 320 is
unfolded for placement by grasping the two opposite end-most
sections adjacent end edges 326a and b, and by pulling these
sections in opposite directions.
It will be apparent that all the embodiments of the drape of the
present invention may be folded in the simplified manner described
in connection with FIGS. 13 and 14. Thus, a longitudinally folded
drape is folded along a first lateral fold line generally in the
mid-region of the drape, and the laterally folded drape is then fan
or accordion folded to interlock the drape together.
The foregoing detailed description is given for clearness of
understanding only, and no unnecessary limitations should be
understood therefrom, as modifications will be obvious to those
skilled in the art.
* * * * *