U.S. patent number 3,881,052 [Application Number 05/452,941] was granted by the patent office on 1975-04-29 for cable for transmission of pcm signals with plural independent signal paths.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Kable-und Metallwerke Gutehoffnungshutte AG. Invention is credited to Helmut Britz, Georg Maltz, Gert Niemann, Gerd Verdenhalven.
United States Patent |
3,881,052 |
Britz , et al. |
April 29, 1975 |
Cable for transmission of PCM signals with plural independent
signal paths
Abstract
The cable includes several bundles of conductors, each bundle
having e.g. three quads. The quads of each bundle being shielded by
a metal strip folded longitudinally around the conductors of the
bundle with overlapping edges. In one example, a tab is formed,
welded along the joint line and folded against the strip as
enveloping the conductors of the bundle. In another example, at
least one of the edges of the strip is provided with an adhesive,
so that upon folding the strip, the edges overlap and are bonded
together. The adhesive used here should be electrically
conductive.
Inventors: |
Britz; Helmut (Hannover,
DT), Maltz; Georg (Burgdorf, DT), Niemann;
Gert (Langenhagen, DT), Verdenhalven; Gerd
(Hannover, DT) |
Assignee: |
Kable-und Metallwerke
Gutehoffnungshutte AG (Hannover, DT)
|
Family
ID: |
5875657 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/452,941 |
Filed: |
March 20, 1974 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
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Mar 23, 1973 [DT] |
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2314498 |
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Current U.S.
Class: |
174/103; 174/36;
174/116 |
Current CPC
Class: |
H01B
13/2613 (20130101); H01B 11/1016 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
H01B
11/02 (20060101); H01B 13/22 (20060101); H01B
13/26 (20060101); H01B 11/10 (20060101); H01b
011/06 () |
Field of
Search: |
;174/103,36,12R,27,113R,15R,16R,116 ;29/624 ;156/53,54,56 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Grimley; Arthur T.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Siegemund; Ralf H.
Claims
We claim:
1. In a communication cable for the transmission of PCM signals,
which includes a plurality of bundles of conductors, the bundles
being arranged in a jacket, each bundle of the plurality being
individually shielded with respect to the other bundles in the
cable, the improvement comprising:
the shield of a bundle of the plurality being a longitudinally
folded metal strip having its two longitudinal edges bonded in
overlapping abutment, establishing a longitudinal joint of the
shield of the bundle, there being but one such joint for each
bundle and shield;
all bundles of the plurality being disposed in the jacket, so that
the bonded edges of the joint of each bundle are located as near to
the center of the cable as possible.
2. In a cable as in claim 1, wherein the edges are welded along
their end-faces.
3. In a cable as in claim 1, wherein the edges are bonded together
with an adhesive.
4. In a cable as in claim 1, wherein the edges abut in the form of
a tab, and have been folded sideways against the strip, so that the
edges overlap on the strip as folded about the conductors.
5. In a cable as in claim 4, wherein one of the edges overlap the
other one with an electrically conductive adhesive in-between.
6. In a cable as in claim 5, wherein the tap has been seam-welded
along a joint line between the two edges.
7. In a cable as in claim 1, wherein the several bundles have
pie-shape and together establish a circular configuration.
8. In a cable as in claim 1, wherein gaps between the shield of
each bundle and the conductor assemblies of the bundle are filled
with a plastic material bonded to the shield.
9. In a cable as in claim 1, wherein the conductor assemblies of
each bundle are included in a plastic carrier engaging the bundles
over most of the periphery of each of them for holding them in
position, the shield being bonded to the outer periphery of the
carrier in contour matching relation.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the transmission of pulse code
modulated signals via a cable, wherein plural transmission line
elements, such as pairs or quads are bundled and encased in a
common shield.
Since PCM signals are used for transmission of information to an
increasing extent, cable must be provided to meet the increased
demands for performance as well as requirements for greater
economy. For example, such a cable should be constructed for
transmission of signals in both directions. Accordingly, the
several transmission paths in the cable transmitting in different
directions must be completely decoupled from each other. Shielding
for this purpose has been established in the past, for example, by
wrapping metal strips or tape in helical fashion about a bundle of
lines which transmits in the same direction. In order to provide
for complete shielding the tape loops will overlap; that, however,
results in the formation of air gaps in the shield, which reduce
the crosstalk attenuation, and decoupling becomes incomplete. It
has been suggested to provide an electrically conductive partition
between the transmission lines for signals in different direction.
However, the requirement exists here that the partition must
envelope the two transmission paths without gaps.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide for a
transmission cable, which can be easily manufactured and wherein
the several transmission lines provide for adequate crosstalk
attenuation.
In accordance with the preferred embodiments of the present
invention, it is suggested to provide a shield by longitudinally
folding an electrically conductive strip about the lines or
conductors to be included in a bundle inside of the shield as
formed in that manner, whereby the strip is sufficiently wide, so
that the edges overlap. Several such shielded bundles are then
included in the cable. It was found that a cable made in that
manner has a low coupling impedance as to each shield, so that the
crosstalk attenuation as between the several bundles is quite high.
Each bundle is shielded completely in a separate process before
several bundles are combined in a cable. It was found that even for
very high frequencies, shielding is adequate and complete.
Moreover, the shielding is not subject to deterioration upon
ageing.
Without intending to exclude other possibilities, the shield can be
longitudinally closed in two ways. In accordance with one
suggestion, a tab is formed upon folding the strip into a tube,
seam-welded and folded down. Alternatively, one or both edges are
provided with an adhesive and upon folding the strip into a tube,
the edges are merely made to overlap, so that the adhesive provides
for the bond.
The conductor bundles with shield should have adequate mechanical
strength. It is, therefore, advisable to reinforce the shield with
plastic on the inside and to bond the plastic to the shield. The
plastic may also fill some of the inside spaces of the bundle for
positioning the conductors therein. This way, even strong bending
of the cable will not lead to kinking of the shield. In the
preferred form, three quads are arranged in a bundle, shielded and
given a pie-shaped contour for combining several such bundles in a
cable with circular cross-section. The overlapping edges of the
shielding strips for the several bundles should all be located near
the center of the cable to minimize any bending stress when the
cable is being bent.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
While the specification concludes with claims particularly pointing
out and distinctly claiming the subject matter, which is regarded
as the invention, it is believed that the invention, the objects
and features of the invention and further objects, features and
advantages thereof will be better understood from the following
description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in
which:
FIG. 1 is a cross-section of a cable in accordance with the
preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIGS. 2 and 3 are cross-sections through bundles as they can be
included in a cable of FIG. 1, but shown on an enlarged scale;
and
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a facility for making such a
cable.
Proceeding now to the detailed description of the drawings, the
cable 1 in FIG. 1 is comprised of four bundles 2, each of which
being separately shielded. Each bundle 2 has three stranded quads,
having four stranded conductors 5 accordingly. Each bundle 2 has
its own shield 4.
An individual bundle 2 is made in a manner best understood with
reference to FIG. 4. Several storage drums or spools 6 hold quads 3
in stranded configuration. These quads are withdrawn from the drums
6 and pass through individual openings in a plate 7, quiding the
quads for passage to a grouping head 8. The head 8 positions the
quads into a triangular disposition as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, with
one apex up.
A metal tape or strip 4 is reeled from a drum 9 and runs
longitudinally into the head 8 for folding and bending around the
three quads. Strip 4 may be made of aluminum. The folded strip has
its edges overlapping, for example, in form of a radially outwardly
extending tab 12. The device 10 provides for welding of the
overlapping edges, so that the strip assumes the configuration of a
completely closed tube.
The tube forming process may, for example, be carried out in the
following manner. The metal strip 4 is placed about the quads 3 and
folded, so that a radially outwardly extending tab 12 is formed.
The tab is established by portions along the edges, which abut each
other in flat surface to surface contact with an outer exposed
joint line. The radially outwardly facing edge faces are then
welded along the joint line to obtain a welding seam 11 as shown in
FIG. 2. Next, the tab is folded down, flat against the tube as also
shown in FIG. 2. Station 10 in FIG. 4 provides for welding as well
as folding of the tab.
A simpler form of forming the tube can be derived from FIG. 3. The
edges are made to overlap directly, upon forming of the tube,
reference numeral 121 denoting the overlap joint. An electrically
conductive adhesive is applied to a narrow portion of the strip
along one or the other or both edges prior to folding, so that the
strip edges are bonded together upon being folded in overlapping
configuration.
The several bundles are not stranded in the cable; rather, they are
combined, so that the overlapping portions 12' or folded down tabs
12 are all located in or near the center of the cable as shown in
FIG. 1. This way, bending of the cable as a whole will influence
the bond very little as the bonds are located near the center
line.
In the preferred form as illustrated in FIG. 1, three quads are
included in one bundle providing for a triangular configuration.
Upon combining four such bundles, one will place them so that each
of the bundles assumes position of a sector, whereby the outer side
of each of them is curved. The shield material is sufficiently
flexible to permit such configuration, so that the four outer sides
together establish a circle. The four bundles may be encased in
another field, which in turn is enclosed in an outer jacket 13 of a
plastic material, which provides for protection of the cable.
It has to be observed, however, that the three quads per bundle are
no longer arranged to approximate an equilateral triangle after
having assumed pie-shaped configuration as per FIG. 1; the one side
of the shield is even curved. Thus, one must provide the shield
around a bundle in this case with less than the tight fit shown in
FIGS. 2 and 3. Instead, some slack is needed to permit the
displacement of the quads in each bundle from the close arrangement
of FIGS. 2 and 3.
In order to reduce the danger of kinking for the shields 4 of
bundles 2 further, it may be advisable to fill the gaps between the
quads and the shield in each bundle with plastic material 14 of
sufficient flexibility (FIG. 2). The filler of fillers 14 should be
bonded to the shield. As a consequence, the mechanical stability of
the shield is considerably improved. These fillers 14 may be
individual strips laid into the assembly and fed through
appropriate apertures of plate 7 for placement adjacent respective
two quads. Either the surface of strip 4, which will become the
interior of the tube to be formed, or the outer surface of these
fillers (or both) are provided with an adhesive, so that upon
folding the strip 4 into a tube, the fillers are bonded to the
internal surface of that tube.
FIG. 3 shows an alternative way of mechanically stabilizing the
strip 4. Accordingly, a plastic layer is e.g. extruded around the
quads prior to folding strip 4 about the quads so as to establish a
tubular, plastic carrier 15. The strip 4 is then folded onto and
around carrier 15 and bonded thereto.
The carrier 15 may be comprised of polyethylene either in solid or
in foamed configuration, but with solid outer skin. This particular
carrier provides for additional advantageous features of the cable
in that line attenuation is lower, while crosstalk attenuation is
increased further. The invention is not limited to the embodiments
described above, but all changes and modifications thereof not
constituting departures from the spirit and scope of the invention
are intended to be included.
* * * * *