U.S. patent number 3,880,462 [Application Number 05/437,882] was granted by the patent office on 1975-04-29 for reclining chair.
Invention is credited to Philip Mednick.
United States Patent |
3,880,462 |
Mednick |
April 29, 1975 |
Reclining chair
Abstract
A slidable chair seat is pivotally connected with a back rest
which, at an intermediate point, is joined to a seat-supporting
frame through an articulated linkage allowing the back rest to move
forward with the seat while swinging from a nearly upright
retracted to an inclined advanced position as its upper edge
descends substantially vertically so as to stay clear of a wall
against which the frame may be pushed. A foot rest forwardly of the
seat hangs down in the retracted position but, through another
linkage articulated to the seat and the back rest, is extended
substantially into line with the seat upon forward movement of the
latter.
Inventors: |
Mednick; Philip (Yonkers,
NY) |
Family
ID: |
23738312 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/437,882 |
Filed: |
January 30, 1974 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
297/84;
297/318 |
Current CPC
Class: |
A47C
1/035 (20130101); A47C 1/0352 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
A47C
1/031 (20060101); A47C 1/035 (20060101); A47c
001/02 () |
Field of
Search: |
;297/73,83-85,316,318,320,322,342 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Mitchell; James C.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Ross; Karl F. Dubno; Herbert
Claims
I claim:
1. A reclining chair comprising:
a frame forming a generally horizontal guide track;
a seat on said frame movable along said guide track between a
retracted position and an advanced position;
a back rest having a lower edge pivotally connected to the rear end
of said seat; and
an articulated linkage connecting an intermediate portion of said
back rest with two degrees of freedom to a point on said frame
rearwardly of said back rest and above the level of said seat for
allowing said back rest to swing between a nearly upright attitude
in said retracted position and a sharply inclined attitude in said
advanced position, said back rest having an upper edge descending
substantially vertically upon passage from said nearly upright
attitude to said sharply inclined attitude;
said linkage comprising a lever fulcrumed on said frame at said
point, and a pair of arms shorter than said lever articulated to a
free end thereof at spaced-apart locations, said arms being joined
to said intermediate portion on opposite sides of said lever by
respective pivots whose spacing is less than the sum of the
effective lengths of said arms.
2. A reclining chair as defined in claim 1 wherein said
intermediate portion lies about midway along said back rest at a
level with reference to said point making said lever generally
perpendicular to said back rest in said advanced position.
3. A reclining chair as defined in claim 1, further comprising a
foot rest forwardly of said seat, a flexible connection between
said foot rest and said seat, and thrust means articulated to said
foot rest and guided on said seat for generally horizontal motion
relative thereto, said thrust means being provided with link means
engaging said back rest for extending said foot rest forwardly with
reference to said seat upon movement of said back rest from said
nearly upright attitude to said sharply inclined attitude.
4. A reclining chair as defined in claim 3 wherein said link means
comprises a first lever pivoted to said thrust means and fulcrumed
on said seat, a second lever generally parallel to said first lever
fulcrumed to said seat and articulatedly linked with said back
rest, and an arm articulatedly interconnecting said first and
second levers.
5. A reclining chair as defined in claim 3 wherein said foot rest
comprises a first part spaced from a front edge of said seat and
articulated to said thrust means, and a second part hinged to said
first part and inserted between said front edge and said first
part, said flexible connection extending between said front edge
and said second part.
6. A reclining chair as defined in claim 5 wherein said foot rest
is provided with spring means tending to hold said second part
aligned with said first part, said thrust means maintaining said
first part substantially vertical with said second part rising
thereabove to substantially the upper level of said seat in said
retracted position, said spring means being sufficiently yieldable
to let said second part be held back and tilt upwardly under body
pressure upon forward movement of said first part.
7. A reclining chair comprising:
a frame forming a generally horizontal guide track;
a seat on said frame movable along said guide track between a
retracted position and an advanced position;
a back rest having a lower edge pivotally connected to the rear end
of said seat;
an articulated linkage connecting an intermediate portion of said
back rest with two degrees of freedom to a point on said frame
rearwardly of said back rest for allowing said back rest to swing
between a nearly upright attitude in said retracted position and a
sharply inclined attitude in said advanced position, said back rest
having an upper edge descending substantially vertically upon
passage from said nearly upright attitude to said sharply inclined
attitude;
a foot rest forwardly of said seat including a first part spaced
from a front edge of said seat and a second part hinged to said
first part and inserted between said front edge and said first
part;
a flexible connection extending between said front edge and said
second part;
thrust means articulated to said first part and guided on said seat
for generally horizontal motion relative thereto, said thrust means
being provided with link means engaging said back rest for
extending said foot rest forwardly with reference to said seat upon
movement of said back rest from said nearly upright attitude to
said sharply inclined attitude while maintaining said first part
substantially vertical with said second part rising thereabove to
substantially the upper level of said seat in said retracted
position; and
spring means tending to hold said second part aligned with said
first part, said spring means being sufficiently yieldable to let
said second part be held back and tilt upwardly under body pressure
upon forward movement of said first part.
8. A reclining chair as defined in claim 7 wherein said thrust
means is displaceable far enough to realign said parts
substantially horizontally with each other in said advanced
position while stretching said flexible connection to limit the
forward movement of said second part.
9. A reclining chair as defined in claim 8 wherein said flexible
connection comprises a strip of sheet material.
10. A reclining chair as defined in claim 9, further comprising a
chain anchored to said seat and to said first part underneath said
strip for tautening simultaneously therewith in said advanced
position.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
My present invention relates to a reclining chair wherein a back
rest is inclinable as a seat moves forward to let the user shift
from a sitting to a recumbent position.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In a simple construction of this type, the back rest is swingable
about a fixed horizontal axis whereas the seat is independently
slidable between a retracted and an advanced position. In that
case, however, the top edge of the back rest moves backward during
a swing from a nearly upright attitude to a sharply inclined
attitude (e.g. at an angle of about 45.degree. to the horizontal)
so that the pivot of the back rest must be located well forwardly
of the rear end of the frame in order to avoid that this top edge
strikes a wall against which the frame may have been pushed. Also,
the independent movements of the seat and the back rest makes their
position inherently unstable and creates discontinuities in the
body-supporting surfaces of these components.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
An important object of my present invention is to provide a
reclining chair of the general character referred to in which the
seat and the back rest move as a unit so that their position
remains stable in conformity with the attitude assumed by the body
of the user.
Another object is to provide a chair of this description which is
of compact construction, with the top edge of the back rest lying
close to the rear end of the chair frame and moving substantially
vertically as the back rest changes its attitude, thereby enabling
the chair to be moved as close as desired to a wall without risking
that the back rest -- or possibly the user's head -- strikes that
wall upon a swing into a reclining position.
A further object of my invention is to provide, in such a chair, a
movable foot rest which is automatically extended into substantial
alignment with the seat upon an advance of the latter with
assumption of the inclined attitude by the back rest.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In accordance with my present invention, a seat movable along a
guide track of a chair frame between a retracted and an advanced
position has its rear end pivotally connected to the lower edge of
an associated back rest. An intermediate portion of that back rest
is connected, with two degrees of freedom, to a point on the frame
rearwardly thereof by an articulated linkage which allows the back
rest to swing between a nearly upright attitude in the retracted
seat position and a sharply inclined attitude in the advanced seat
position, the upper edge of the back rest descending substantially
vertically upon passage from the former attitude to the latter.
According to a more particular feature of my invention, the
articulated linkage comprises a lever fulcrumed on the frame and a
pair of arms, shorter than that lever, articulated to its free end
at spaced-apart locations; the two arms are joined to the
aforementioned intermediate portion of the back rest, which
preferably lies about midway of its length, by respective pivots
whose spacing is less than the sum of the effective lengths of
these arms. With proper choice of the level of the point at which
the lever is fulcrumed on the frame, this lever will be generally
perpendicular to the back rest in the advanced seat position in
which the weight of the user bears heavily upon same.
Pursuant to a further feature of my invention, a foot rest
forwardly of the seat is joined thereto through a flexible
connection and is articulated to a thrust mechanism, such as a pair
of parallel rods, which is guided on the seat for generally
horizontal motion relative thereto and is provided with link means
engaging the back rest whereby the foot rest can be forwardly
extended, with reference to the seat, upon movement of the back
rest from its nearly upright to its sharply inclined attitude.
Advantageously, the foot rest is split into a main part and an
extension hinged thereto, this extension coming up to about the
upper level of the seat so as to contact the thighs of a user in
the sitting position in which the main part hangs down. As the main
part is thrust forward, its extension may be temporarily held back
by the user's legs against a weak spring force to provide a
comfortable interim support. The main part and its extension lie
substantially horizontally in a straight line with each other and
with the seat in the advanced position thereof to let the user
stretch his legs while reclining.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
The above and other features of the present invention will become
more readily apparent from the following detailed description of a
preferred embodiment, reference being made to the accompanying
drawing in which:
FIG. 1 is a lateral sectional view of a reclining chair according
to my invention shown in a retracted position;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 1, showing the chair in
an advanced position;
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary bottom view as seen in the direction of
arrow III in FIG. 2; and
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line IV -- IV of FIG.
2.
SPECIFIC DESCRIPTION
In the drawing I have shown the skeleton of a reclining chair 1
stripped of all cushioning and upholstery for the sake of
clarity.
A frame 2 is provided on opposite sides with front rollers 3 and
rear rollers 4 which movably support a generally rectangular seat 5
comprising a pair of parallel side members 5a, a transverse front
member 5b and a transverse rear member 5c. Seat 5 can slide
linearly and nearly horizontally between a retracted position,
shown in FIG. 1, and an extended position, shown in FIG. 2. The
rollers 3 support two short rails 6 secured to confronting inner
surfaces of side members 5a, the rails 6 being positively guided
between the rollers 3 and overhanging lips 8 formed by the roller
mountings. The rear rollers 4 support the seat 5 along the bottom
edges of side members 5a. Thus, the two roller pairs 3, 4 form a
guide track for the seat 5.
A generally rectangular back rest 9 is articulated to seat 5 at 10
and to frame 2 by a linkage 16 which includes a lever 11 swingable
about a fixed fulcrum 12 on the frame, the lever being pivotally
joined to the back rest via a pair of relatively short arms 13',
13" which are connected to the lever by respective pins 14', 14"
and to the back rest by respective pins 15', 15". The effective
length of each arm 13', 13" somewhat exceeds half the distance of
their pivot pins 15', 15" whereby the orbits of pivot pins 14', 14"
about pins 15', 15" intersect, allowing a continuous displacement
of back rest 9 from a nearly upright position (FIG. 1) to a
reclining position with an angle of inclination of roughly
45.degree. (FIG. 2) as the lever 11 swings clockwise about fulcrum
12. This clockwise swing insures that the back rest 9 bodily moves
forward, together with seat 5, so that the top of the back rest
stays clear of a wall W against which the frame 2 may have been
pushed.
An extendable foot rest 17, of generally rectangular outline, is
provided at the forward end of seat 5. The foot rest 17 has a main
part 17' and a narrow extension 17" hinged to part 17' at 31, the
part 17' carrying brackets 34 pivotally connected to the front ends
of a pair of thrust rods 18 which pass through notches 19 formed in
the front member 5b. The rods 18 rest on rollers 20 which are
mounted on member 5b just below the downwardly open notches 19, as
best seen in FIG. 4.
The rear end of each rod 18 is joined to both the seat 5 and the
back rest 9 through an articulated linkage consisting, on each side
of frame 2, of a lever 22, an arm 25, a lever 26 generally parallel
to lever 22, and another arm 29. Lever 22, having a fixed fulcrum
23 on seat member 5a, is pivotally connected by a pin 24 with arm
25 which in turn is similarly joined, by a pin 35, to lever 26 also
having a fixed fulcrum 27 on member 5a. The upper end of lever 26
is connected by a pivot pin 28 with the much shorter arm 29
fulcrumed at 7 on back rest 9. The free end of lever 22 is
pivotally connected to rod 18 by a pin 21.
When the seat 5 moves forward, the relative swing of back rest 9
about its pivotal axis extends the rods 18 and, with them, the foot
rest 17 whose advance relative to the seat, however, is limited by
a flexible strip 33 of fabric or leather, anchored to the front
member 5b and the part 17", and by a pair of chains 30 linking the
part 17' with member 5b. Thus, the advancing rods 18 swing the foot
rest 17 into a nearly horizontal position in line with seat 5, as
shown in FIG. 2, with strip 33 serving the esthetic and protective
function of bridging the gap between member 5b and part 17". Chains
30, concealed from view by the strip 33, prevent overstressing of
the strip by being tautened simultaneously therewith as the seat 5
reaches the limit of its forward stroke determined by the
engagement of rollers 3 with a pair of lugs 6' depending from rails
6.
The hinges 31 are designed to permit a limited relative swinging of
parts 17' and 17" against the force of two weak leaf springs 32
aligned with each other in either a vertical position (FIG. 1) or
nearly horizontally with a slight rise in the forward direction
(FIG. 2) As the thrust rods 18 advance from the retracted position
of FIG. 1, the main part 17' moves forward but its extension 17"
lags and tilts under body pressure, i.e., when restrained by the
legs of a user sitting in the chair, as indicated in phantom lines
in FIG. 1. The user's legs are thereby temporarily supported by the
upholstered front face and rounded upper edge of part 17" until the
similarly upholstered part 17' reaches its supporting position seen
in FIG. 2.
The articulation of the back rest 9 to the rear of the frame 2
through the linkage 16 affords that back rest two degrees of
freedom, i.e., rotatability relative to lever 11 and swingability
together with this lever about its fulcrum 12. With the lower edge
of the back rest moving generally horizontally forward, from the
position of FIG. 1 to that of FIG. 2, its upper edge moves almost
vertically along wall W. A similar mobility could also be realized
with a simpler linkage, using only one link such as lever 11
pivoted to the back rest about midway of its height, yet in that
case the fixed fulcrum 12 of that lever would have to be located
farther down, approximately at the seat level, with considerably
reduced stability. In the preferred embodiment of my invention
disclosed herein, the lever 11 (which of course is duplicated on
opposite sides of the frame 2) is perpendicular to the back rest in
a sharply inclined position close to that illustrated in FIG. 2 so
as effectively to absorb the weight of the user leaning thereon;
the linkage 16 engages the back rest 9 about midway of its length,
near the region of the shoulders of the user where the contact
pressure is greatest.
* * * * *