U.S. patent number 3,879,106 [Application Number 05/350,080] was granted by the patent office on 1975-04-22 for microscope slide cover slip.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Pelam, Inc.. Invention is credited to James B. McCormick.
United States Patent |
3,879,106 |
McCormick |
April 22, 1975 |
MICROSCOPE SLIDE COVER SLIP
Abstract
A cover slip is provided which enables the user to quickly and
easily prepare a slide for viewing through a microscope.
Inventors: |
McCormick; James B. (Hinsdale,
IL) |
Assignee: |
Pelam, Inc. (Hinsdale,
IL)
|
Family
ID: |
23375152 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/350,080 |
Filed: |
April 11, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
359/398;
356/246 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G02B
21/34 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
G02B
21/34 (20060101); G02b 021/34 () |
Field of
Search: |
;350/95 ;356/246 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Other References
Davison, Article in Journal of the Optical Society of America,
March 1955, p. 227..
|
Primary Examiner: Rubin; David H.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Fitch, Even, Tabin &
Luedeka
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A cover slip for a microscope slide, comprising: a transparent
panel; a flange projecting from the periphery of said panel adapted
to overlie the surface of a microscope slide with said panel being
in spaced relation to the slide surface, said panel being capable
of selective flexing toward said slide surface when said flange is
secured on said slide surface; means for securing said flange to
the surface of the slide; means intermediate said panel and said
flange defining an overflow chamber peripherally of said panel; and
a post extending perpendicularly from the surface of said panel to
have its free end adjacent but spaced from the slide surface when
said panel is in a normal unflexed position on the slide surface,
said post having a predetermined longitudinal length such that said
panel may be flexed toward said slide surface to cause said free
end of said post to engage said slide surface and establish a
predetermined thickness for a specimen disposed on said slide
surface in underlying relation to said panel, said panel being
substantially planar and said overflow chamber being defined by a
wall extending around the periphery of said panel, said wall being
comprised of a first wall member extending generally
perpendicularly upward from the periphery of said panel, a second
wall member extending from the uppermost portion of said first wall
member generally parallel to the surface of said panel and a third
wall member joining said second wall member to said flange.
2. The cover slip of claim 1 wherein the means for securing said
flange to the surface of the slide includes a sheet adapted to be
superimposed over said cover slip, said sheet having a generally
centrally located aperture, the sheet margin surrounding said
aperture being adapted to overlay said flange and at least two
opposed portions of said margin being adapted to extend beyond said
flange to overlay the slide when said sheet is superimposed over
said cover slip, and adhesive means disposed between said margin
portions adapted to overlay the slide and the slide whereby said
sheet may be adhesively fixed to the slide capturing said flange
between said sheet and the slide.
Description
This invention is directed to the art of microbiology and more
particularly is directed to the microscope slides used in clinical
pathology.
Of the various methods used in preparing slides for microscopic
study, one of the more common is the sealed cover slip method. In
this method a drop of a specimen is placed centrally on the surface
of a glass slide and a cover slip is placed on the slide. The cover
slip and slide are then pressed together to spread out the specimen
for better viewing.
It is often desirable to fix the cover slip and slide together for
ease of handling and to insure that the specimen is not disturbed.
Further, it is often necessary to protect or seal the specimen from
contamination or evaporation. A common method for accomplishing
these ends is to adhere the slide and cover slip together with
petroleum jelly. In such instances the specimen is peripherally
ringed with the petroleum jelly and the slide and cover slip are
pressed together; the petroleum jelly acting both as an adhesive
between the slide and cover slip and as a sealant to isolate the
specimen from the air.
When preparing a slide by the sealed cover slip method it is
important that the correct amount of petroleum jelly be utilized to
properly adhere the cover slip and the slide while spreading out
the specimen. The ring of petroleum jelly should be spaced far
enough from the specimen so that the specimen, when spread out,
does not come in contact therewith. If the specimen were to contact
the petroleum jelly, it could become contaminated or, alternately,
the hydraulic pressure exerted by the specimen when compressed
between the cover slip and slide could break the seal between the
cover slip and the slide. If this seal is broken the slide may not
possess a sufficient useful life for certain very important
examinations, e.g., the examination for sickle cell traits in red
blood cells.
An additional complicating factor often present when preparing
microscope slides is that in many instances a reagent must be mixed
with the specimen within the viewing area of the slides to enhance
viewing of the specimen or cause certain reactions to occur which
are indicative of the features being sought by the examiner. In
normal practice the reagents are usually painted on one of the
slide member surfaces prior to the members being joined
together.
It is the object of the present invention to provide an improved
cover slip for use in microscopic slide examinations. It is another
object of the present invention to provide a microscope slide which
has an airtight seal around the specimen contained therein.
These and other objects and advantages of the invention will become
more apparent upon reading the following description in conjunction
with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a top plan view of a microscope slide in accordance with
one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded sectional view of the microscope slide of
FIG. 1 taken along lines 2--2; and,
FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 2 of an alternative embodiment of
a microscope slide with a specimen and reagent contained
therein.
Referring to the drawings, there is depicted in FIGS. 1 and 2 one
embodiment of a microscope slide formed in accordance with features
of the present invention. The microscope slide is comprised of a
glass slide 11, a transparent plastic cover slip 13, and a
hold-down sheet 17 provided with an adhesive ring 15, as explained
in detail hereinafter.
More particularly, the glass slide 11 is a thin, flat strip of
glass and is a standard microscope slide. The slide 11 has the
shape of an elongated rectangle in plan.
The cover slip 13 is comprised of a centrally positioned, generally
flat transparent panel 21 which is surrounded by a peripherally
extending flange 23. The flange 23 is spaced apart from and
connected to the panel by a U-shaped wall 25. The flange 23 is
adapted to rest flat against a surface of the slide 11 and hold the
panel 21 in a parallel plane a predetermined distance above the
slide surface. The space between the slide 11 and the panel 21
defines the specimen chamber and it is here that the specimen is to
be located. The U-shaped wall 25 extends peripherally from the
panel 21 and comprises a first wall member 25a which extends upward
from the panel 21 in a generally vertical direction for a
predetermined distance, a second wall member 25b which extends from
the uppermost edge of wall member 25a generally horizontally
outward for a second predetermined distance and a third wall member
25c which extends generally vertically downward and is connected to
the flange 23. This particular channel-shaped configuration causes
the horizontal portion 25b of the wall 25 to be spaced apart from
the surface of the slide 11 a greater distance than the surface of
the panel 21 thereby providing an overflow chamber 29 of a
relatively large volumetric capacity. In alternate embodiments the
overflow chamber 29 need not be channel shaped, rather the overflow
chamber may be defined by a wall having a curved shape in
cross-section or other configuration as long as an overflow chamber
is provided between the panel 21 and the flange 23.
On the surface of the panel 21 adjacent the slide 11 there are two
posts 31 each extending perpendicularly from the panel surface
towards the surface of the slide 11 to terminate in a free end
which is adjacent, but spaced apart from the surface of the slide
11.
The cover slip 13 is preferably made in its entirety of a
transparent plastic which has sufficient flexibility in its formed
state to allow the panel to be flexed toward the slide. The cover
slip 13 is preferably of a uniform thickness throughout and the
panel 21 is rectangular in plan.
The hold-down sheet 17 is provided with a central opening 33
allowing it to be placed over the cover slip 13, circumscribing the
overflow chamber 29 with the margin 35 of the hold-down sheet 17
overlying the flange 23. The outermost portions 37 of the sheet
margin 35 extend peripherally beyond the flange 23 to overlie the
slide 11. In one embodiment a ring of adhesive 15 is located on the
bottom surface of the outermost portions 37 of the hold-down sheet
17. When the hold-down sheet 17 is pressed against the slide 11,
the sheet will become adhesively bound to the slide 11 and cause
the flange 23 to be firmly fixed against the surface of the slide
11. The hold-down sheet 17 may be constructed of paper, paper-board
or the like, as may be desired.
In another embodiment the adhesive ring 15 located on the outermost
margin portion 37 may be extended in width to be in contact not
only with the slide 11 but also be in contact with portions of the
flange 23. This latter arrangement provides a particularly rigid
form of adhesive attachment of the cover slip 13 to the slide 11.
In either embodiment the adhesive 15 forms a very effective
airtight seal between the flange 23 and the slide 11, and the
adhesive is relatively far removed from the viewing chamber. Thus,
should the specimen fill the overflow chamber 29 and be in contact
with the flange 23 the specimen would still not contact the
adhesive 15.
In an alternate embodiment, as seen in FIG. 3, a ring of adhesive
15a is provided between the slide 11 and the flange 23. In this
embodiment the hold-down sheet 17 is not used and the flange 23 of
cover slip 13 is directly adhesively secured to the slide 11. The
adhesive ring 15a may be initially applied to either the surface of
the flange 23 adjacent the slide 11 or to the surface of the slide
11 itself. In either embodiment a microscope slide may be quickly
and easily prepared having the cover slip very firmly secured to
the slide and providing an airtight viewing chamber.
If, in a particular application, an airtight viewing chamber is not
needed it may be sufficient to provide only enough adhesive to
firmly attach the cover slip to the slide. In such an application
adhesive need only to be placed between the slide 11 and each of
either two opposed outermost margin portions 37 or two opposed
flange portions 23. With two opposed ends of the cover slip 13
attached to the slide 11 the cover slip is sufficiently secured
that the microscope slide is satisfactorily functional.
The embodiment depicted in FIG. 3 is shown with a reagent coating
39 applied to the surface of the panel 21 adjacent the slide 11.
Cover slips having such reagent coatings may be prepared well in
advance of use, the coated cover slips being protectively packaged
and stored until needed.
Referring to FIG. 3, the operation of the overflow chamber 29 is
graphically demonstrated. A specimen 41 has been placed in the
space between the panel 21 and the slide 11. The panel 21 has been
squeezed toward the slide 11 to spread out the specimen 41 to allow
the specimen to be better viewed through the microscope. Although
an excessive amount of specimen was utilized, it did not spread out
to break the airtight seal between the flange 23 and the slide 11
but rather is contained within the overflow chamber 29.
The specimen 41, as it is extruded out from between the panel 21
and the slide 11 is under very little fluid pressure. The specimen
must first fill the overflow chamber 29 before any appreciable
fluid pressure can be developed in the specimen 41. Until a fluid
pressure is developed which is capable of separating the flange 23
from the slide 11 the airtight seal will not be broken by the
specimen. In the illustrated embodiment the volume of the overflow
chamber 29 is nearly double the volume of the specimen chamber. As
the object is to merely fill, or approximately fill, the specimen
chamber, the person preparing the slide, would have to use three
times as much specimen as he was supposed to before the airtight
seal would be broken by the specimen when the panel 21 is pressed
toward the slide 11.
One of the more difficult aspects of preparing a cover slip slide
is insuring that the specimen is squeezed into a very thin, uniform
thickness. This thickness is desired for optimum viewing by a high
power microscope which characteristically has a very short focal
length. When preparing a slide using the illustrated embodiment of
the present invention the panel 21 is flexed toward the slide 11
until the posts 31 come into contact with the slide surface. As the
posts 31 keep the panel 21 the desired distance from the slide 11,
this intrinsically gives the desired thickness to the specimen.
As nothing need be done to the slide 11 prior to placing on it the
specimen 41, keeping the slide 11 sterile is a much easier task.
Further, contamination of the specimen 41 by the adhesive 15 is no
longer a serious problem as the adhesive is remote from the viewing
chamber. If the specimen were to contact the adhesive and become
contaminated, the contaminated portion of the specimen would most
probably remain in the overflow chamber 29 leaving that portion of
the specimen within the specimen chamber uncontaminated.
The adhesive 15 may be of any suitable type which would allow the
cover slip and the slide to be adhesively joined together forming
an airtight seal. It is desirable, however, to use an adhesive that
is chemically inert to the specimen and to any reagent that might
be used, and in the preferred embodiment an adhesive is used that
possesses characteristics similar to that of the adhesive used for
surgical tape.
The illustrated embodiment is not limited to a particular form of
microscope slide preparation. If another form of microscope slide
was desired, for example a hanging drop slide, the illustrated
embodiment is equally efficacious. To prepare a hanging drop slide
one would place a drop of the specimen centrally between the posts
31 of an inverted cover slip 13. The cover slip 13 would then be
turned over and placed on and secured to the slide 11 as previously
described. The posts 31 will insure that the drop of specimen does
not touch the surface of the slide 11 and the hanging drop is
within an airtight viewing chamber.
Thus, the present invention provides a microscopic slide having an
airtight viewing chamber which may be quickly and easily prepared
with the possibility of error minimized.
While certain embodiments of the invention have been shown and
described it should be apparent that various modifications may be
made therein without departing from the scope of the invention,
various features of which are pointed out in the following
claims.
* * * * *