U.S. patent number 3,878,472 [Application Number 05/421,215] was granted by the patent office on 1975-04-15 for audio signal transmitting system.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Sony Corporation. Invention is credited to Yoshio Osakabe.
United States Patent |
3,878,472 |
Osakabe |
April 15, 1975 |
Audio signal transmitting system
Abstract
In an audio signal transmitting system having an audio signal
transferring device and a loudspeaker to reproduce audio signals,
the system includes a vibrato device consisting of a charge
transfer device (CTD) connected to the transferring device, a clock
pulse oscillator to produce clock pulses and supply the clock
pulses to the CTD, and an oscillator to supply low frequency
signals. The clock pulse oscillator is controlled in its frequency
in response to the low frequency signals, so that delayed and
frequency-modulated audio signals are reproduced by the
loudspeaker.
Inventors: |
Osakabe; Yoshio (Yokohama,
JA) |
Assignee: |
Sony Corporation (Tokyo,
JA)
|
Family
ID: |
26474296 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/421,215 |
Filed: |
December 3, 1973 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
|
|
|
|
|
Dec 11, 1972 [JA] |
|
|
47-142222[U] |
|
Current U.S.
Class: |
330/124R;
84/DIG.27; 84/706; 327/284; 327/277; 84/DIG.26; 84/705; 381/62;
984/311 |
Current CPC
Class: |
G11C
27/04 (20130101); H03F 3/68 (20130101); G10H
1/043 (20130101); H04S 1/002 (20130101); Y10S
84/27 (20130101); Y10S 84/26 (20130101); G10H
2250/041 (20130101); G05B 2219/50213 (20130101); G10H
2210/201 (20130101); G05B 2219/45141 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
G11C
27/04 (20060101); G11C 27/00 (20060101); H03F
3/68 (20060101); G10H 1/043 (20060101); H04S
1/00 (20060101); G10H 1/04 (20060101); H03f
003/68 () |
Field of
Search: |
;330/124R
;179/1G,1J,1.1TD,1.4ST ;84/1.25,DIG.1,DIG.26,DIG.27 ;328/56,155
;333/18 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Other References
gilder, "Bucket-Brigade Device Said to Cut Audio Delay-Line Costs
Drastically," Electronic Design 24, November 25, 1971, p.
34..
|
Primary Examiner: Mullins; James B.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Hill, Gross, Simpson, Van Santen,
Steadman, Chiara & Simpson
Claims
I claim as my invention:
1. An audio signal transmitting system comprising:
a. means for transferring audio signals;
b. means connected to an output stage of said transferring means
for reproducing said audio signals; and
c. means connected to said transferring means and supplied with
clock pulses for delaying and frequency modulating said audio
signals in response to the frequency of said clock pulses thereby
to cause vibrato in the reproduced audio signals, a clock pulse
oscillator for supplying said clock pulses, a low frequency
oscillator for applying a low frequency signal to said clock pulse
oscillator, and a detector for detecting an audio signal in said
transferring means, the output signal from said detector being used
to vary the level of said low frequency signal and hence to control
the oscillation of said clock pulses.
2. An audio signal transmitting system according to claim 1, which
further includes a time constant circuit which is connected to the
output stage of said detector.
3. An audio transmitting system comprising, a first source of audio
signals, a vibrato device receiving the output of said source of
audio signals, said vibrato device comprising a variable time delay
device having an input terminal receiving said audio signals, an
output terminal, and at least one time delay control terminal, a
pulse oscillator connected to said time delay control terminal to
vary the time delay of said variable time delay device, a low
frequency oscillator connected to said pulse oscillator to vary the
pulse frequency thereof, a second audio frequency source having
left and right stereo components, a first mixer receiving one of
said left and right stereo components of said second audio source
and said first source of audio signals, a first audio producing
means connected to said first mixer, a second mixer receiving the
other one of said left and right stereo components of said second
audio source and the output of said variable time delay device, and
a second audio reproducing means connected to said second
mixer.
4. An audio transmitting system according to claim 3 including a
low pass filter in said vibrato device connected between and said
mixer and the output terminal of said variable time delay
device.
5. An audio transmitting system according to claim 3 including an
matrix connected between said first and second mixers and receiving
said left and right stereo components so as to vary their
phases.
6. An audio transmitting system comprising, a first source of audio
signals, a vibrato device receiving the output of said source of
audio signals, said vibrato device comprising a variable time delay
device having an input terminal receiving said audio signals, an
output terminal, and at least one time delay control terminal, a
pulse oscillator connected to said time control terminal to vary
the time delay of said variable time delay device, a low frequency
oscillator connected to said pulse oscillator to vary the pulse
frequency thereof, a second audio frequency source having left and
right stereo components, a first mixer receiving one of said left
and right stereo components of said second audio source and the
output of said variable time delay device, a first audio
reproducing means connected to said first mixer, a second mixer
receiving the other one of said left and right stereo components of
said second audio source and the output of said variable time delay
device, and a second audio reproducing means connected to said
second mixer.
7. An audio transmitting system comprising, a source of left and
right stereo component signals, a matrix receiving said left and
right stereo component signals and producing three output signals
with one being a sum of the left and right stereo component
signals, another being a phase shifted left stereo component signal
and the third being a phase shifted right stereo component signal,
a first mixer receiving said sum of the left and right stereo
component signals and the phase shifted left stereo component
signal from said matrix, a second mixer receiving said sum of the
left and right stereo component signals and the phase shifted right
stereo component signal from said matrix, a vibrato device
receiving said sum of the left and right stereo component signals
from said matrix, said vibrato device comprising a variable time
delay device having an input terminal receiving said sum of the
left and right stereo component signals, an output terminal and at
least one time delay control terminal, a pulse oscillator connected
to said time delay control terminal to vary the time delay of said
variable time delay device, a low frequency oscillator connected to
said pulse oscillator to vary the pulse frequency thereof, the
output terminal of said variable time delay device supplying inputs
to said first and second mixers, a first audio reproducing means
connected to said first mixer, and a second audio reproducing means
connected to said second mixer.
8. A vibrato device comprising a delay unit receiving an audio
signal on its input terminal, said delay unit having an output
terminal and at least one time delay control terminal, a pulse
oscillator connected to said time delay control terminal, a level
control connected to the input of said pulse oscillator to control
its frequency, a detector receiving said audio signal, a time
constant circuit receiving the output of said detector and
supplying an input to said level control, and a first low frequency
oscillator supplying an input to said level control.
9. A vibrato device according to claim 8 further including a second
low frequency oscillator connected to said level control.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to an audio signal
transmitting system, and more particularly to an audio signal
transmitting system in which a vibrato is caused in a sound.
2. Description of the Prior Art
A microphone mixing circuit has been known as a circuit by which a
user's voice is reproduced from a speaker with the background music
of, for example, a phonograph record. However, with the microphone
mixing circuit of the prior art, outputs from one or two
microphones are added, as they are, to left and right channel
signals of a stereo-phonograph as monoral or stereo, so that the
voice reproduced from the speaker is poor as compared with that of
the professional singer from the phonograph record.
In general, it is said one attribute of a good singer is that the
good singer can apply a vibrato to his voice. However, it is
generally difficult to artificially treat a voice, which is once
emitted to a space, to obtain a specific effect. In order to
produce, for example, an atmosphere like a concert hall, when an
unskillful person sings in a room with a good residual sound
effect, his singing voice can be heard by a listener as a superior
voice due to the residual sound effect. However, it is, in general,
almost impossible to prepare such a room as a concert hall in an
ordinary house, from an economical point of view.
Such a method is also proposed wherein a voice signal of a person
from a microphone is delayed through a delay device mechanically
and then reproduced by a speaker, but in this case a sound peculiar
to the mechanical delay device is produced by the speaker.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An object of the present invention is to provide a novel audio
signal transmitting system with a vibrato device.
Another object of the invention is to provide an audio signal
transmitting system which has a device for delaying an audio signal
and applying thereto a vibrato, so that a singer himself or a
listener can enjoy a pleasing musical tone.
A further object of the invention is to provide an audio signal
transmittinng system with a device which can be applied to a
so-called mixing apparatus and with which a person can mix his
voice with music from a music source such as a phonograph record, a
broadcasting or the like, which makes is possible for a vibrator to
be applied to the person's voice or singer's voice of the music
source.
A further object of the invention is to provide an audio signal
transmitting system in which a voice emitted once to a space is
picked up by a microphone and a vibrato is applied thereto by
electrically treating the audio signal.
A yet further object of the invention is to provide an audio signal
transmitting system with a novel vibrato device which can change
its vibrato in response to the intensity of an audio signal.
A still further object of the invention is to provide an audio
signal transmitting system in which, instead of the center vocal
sound from a stereo source, a vocal sound supplied with a vibrato
from a microphone is inserted.
The additional and other objects, features and advantages of the
invention will be apparent from the following description taken in
conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 diagrammatically illustrates a preferred embodiment of an
audio signal transmitting system according to the present
invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing the delay unit of the example
shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3A and 3B are waveform diagrams for illustrating clock pulses
supplied to the delay unit shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating the relationship of a low frequency
signal, the frequency of the clock pulses and the delay time of an
audio signal;
FIG. 5 diagrammatically illustrates a second embodiment of the
invention in which the output signal from a microphone is delayed
and supplied with a vibrato, and thereafter mixed with a
stereophonic signal;
FIG. 6 diagrammatically illustrates a third embodiment of the
invention in which one of two signals combined with stereophonic
signals is directly mixed with an output signal from a microphone
and in which the other signal is mixed with an output signal from
the microphone which is delayed and subjected to a vibrato;
FIG. 7 diagrammatically illustrates a fourth embodiment of the
invention in which the center vocal of a stereophonic signal is
supplied with a vibrato; and
FIG. 8 diagrammatically illustrates a device used in the fourth
embodiment by which a vibrato is varied in response to the
magnitude of an audio signal.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
A first embodiment of the present invention will now be described
with reference to FIG. 1. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, left and
right stereophonic signals are reproduced from a stereophonic
signal source such as a phonographic record 1 by a cartridge 1a.
The left channel signal L is applied to an equalizer amplifier 2L,
amplified therein in equalizing manner, applied to a mixer circuit
3L and then applied to a main amplifier 4L. The output signal from
the main amplifier 4L is fed to a left speaker 5L to be reproduced.
While, the right channel signal R is applied to an equalizer
amplifier 2R to be amplified in equalizing manner, to mixer circuit
3R, to a main amplifier 4R to be amplified in power, and then to a
right speaker 5R to be reproduced. The output signal from a
microphone 6 is fed through a microphone amplifier 7 to the mixer
circuit 3L to be combined with the left channel signal L, and is
also applied to a vibrato device 10 directly. In this case, the
output signal from the microphone 6 is fed to a variable delay unit
to be delayed, and the delay time thereof is varied periodically to
achieve a so-called frequency modulation. Thus, a vibrato is
applied to the output signal from the microphone 6.
This will now be described in detail. The vibrato device 10
includes a microphone amplifier 11 to which the output signal from
the microphone 6 is applied. The amplified output signal from the
amplifier 11 is then fed to a variable delay unit 12 to be delayed
and frequency-modulated. The output signal from the delay unit 12
is fed through a buffer amplifier 13 and a low-pass filter 14 to
the mixer circuit 3R to be mixed with the right channel signal
R.
As seen in FIG. 2, the variable delay unit 12 is provided by a
bucket-brigade device, which will be hereinafter referred to as
BBD. The BBD 12 as shown in FIG. 2, employs n.sub..alpha.FETs,
T.sub.1 to T.sub.n.sub.+1, which are connected so that their drain
and source electrodes are connected with one another in series. The
drain electrode of the FET T.sub.1 is connected to an input terminl
21 of the BBD 12 and the source electrode of the FET T.sub.n.sub.+1
is connected to a power source terminal 22 of the BBD 12 to which a
power source of -B potential is connected. Between the input
terminal 21 and a ground terminal 23 of the BBD 12, there is
inserted a capacitor C.sub.O. Capacitors C.sub.1 to C.sub.n are
connected between the source and gate electrodes of the FETs
T.sub.1 to T.sub.n, respectively, and the gate electrodes of the
odd numbers FETs T.sub.1, T.sub.3, . . . are connected to a first
clock pulse input terminal 24 of the BBD 12, while the gate
electrodes of the even numver's FETs T.sub.2, T.sub.4, . . . are
connected to a second clock pulse input terminal 25 of the BBD 12.
The source electrodes of the FETs T.sub.n.sub.-1 and T.sub.n are
connected through source-follower FETs Ta and T.sub.b to an output
terminal 26 to the BBD 12. The part of the BBD 12 just mentioned
above or the part shown by a dotted line block in FIG. 2 is made as
an integrated circuit.
A clock pulse oscillator 15 of the BBD 12 produces first and second
clock pulses (synchronizing pulses) Pa and Pb which are shifted in
phase by 180.degree. as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B with each other,
and are fed to the terminals 24 and 25, respectively. The terminal
voltage across the capacitor C.sub.O is varied in accordance with
the signal from the amplifier 11. When the pulse Pa is applied to
the terminal 24, the FET T.sub.1 is turned ON. Accordingly, the
charge stored in the capacitor C.sub.O is shifted or transferred to
the next capacitor C.sub.1 through the FET T.sub.1. Thereafter,
when the pulse Pb is applied to the terminal 25, the FET T.sub.2 is
turned ON. Thus, the charge stored in the capacitor C.sub.1 is
transferred to the following capacitor C.sub.2 through the FET
t.sub.2. When the pulse Pa is next applied, the FET T.sub.3 is
turned ON to transfer therethrough the charge stored in the
capacitor C.sub.2 to the capacitor C.sub.3. At this time, since the
FET T.sub.1 is turned ON also, the charge newly stored in the
capacitor C.sub.O in response to the input signal is transferred to
the capacitor C.sub.1 through the FET T.sub.1. The above operation
is carried out repeatedly in response to the pulses Pa and Pb, so
that delayed signals can be delivered to the output terminal
26.
In this case, the charges stored in the capacitors C.sub.0 to
C.sub.n are transferred at every supply of the pulses Pa and Pb, so
that the delay time becomes long as the frequency of the pulses Pa
and Pb is low and the number of the capacitors C.sub.0 to C.sub.n
is large. If n = 256 and the frequency of the pulses Pa and Pb is
10KHz, by way example, the delay time becomes to 12.8
milliseconds.
In order to vary the delay time of the BBD 12 periodically, a
variable frequency oscillator formed, for example, of an astable
multivibrator is used as the clock pulse oscillator 15, and in
order to control the variable frequency oscillator 15 there is
provided a low frequency oscillator 16 which produces, for example,
a sine wave signal S.sub.c (refer to FIG. 4) with a frequency of
7Hz. The sine wave signal S.sub.c from the oscillator 16 is applied
to the clock pulse oscillator 15 to control the oscillation
frequency of the latter. Thus, as shown by a solid line in FIG. 4,
the frequency f.sub.a of the pulses Pa and Pb from the oscillator
15 is periodically varied with the frequency 7Hz of the signal
S.sub.c as its frequency between 10KHz and 30 KHz in response the
level of the signal S.sub.c, or the pulses Pa and Pb are
frequency-modulated with the signal S.sub.c.
When the frequency of the clock pulses Pa and Pb are periodically
varied with the signal S.sub.c, the delay time .tau. of the BBD 12
is also periodically varied with the frequency 7Hz of the signal
S.sub.c as its frequency between, for example, 60 milliseconds and
20 milliseconds. Accordingly, the voice signal from the microphone
6 is delayed in the BBD 12 at least 20 milliseconds and varied in
delay time between 40 milliseconds and 0. That is, the voice signal
from the microphone 6 is delayed and frequency-modulated in the BBD
12, so that the BBD 12 produces a second signal which is delayed
and caused to be a vibrato.
As mentioned above, the output signal from the microphone 6 is
delayed and caused to have a vibrato effect in the BBD 12 and
thereafter mixed to the right channel signal R in the mixer circuit
3R. The low-pass filter 14 serves to eliminate the components of
the pulses Pa and Pb contained in the output signal from the BBD 12
through the amplifier 13. In this case, the left channel signal L
is mixed with the output signal from the microphone 6 without being
delayed, so that the left speaker 5L produces the user's singing
voice with the music from the phonographic record 1 as background,
while the right speaker 5R produces the user's singing voice with
the music from the record 1 as background, which voice is delayed
and caused to have a vibrato effect.
When the singing voice which is not delayed and the voice which is
slightly delayed and caused to have a vibrato effect are reproduced
at the same time, a peculiar effect can be achieved, which is
somewhat different from the effect achieved by applying an echo or
reverberation to a professional singer in a popular song.
Further, since the singing voice without being delayed and the
singing voice being delayed and caused to have a vibrato effect are
separately reproduced from the left and right speakers 5L and 5R,
the singing voice arriving at the left ear of the listener or user
always differs from that arriving at the right ear, or if the user
with the microphone 6 moves in his body when he sings, the
reproduced voices arriving at high left and right ears become
different further. Therefore, a sound effect which can not be
attained by the prior art microphone mixing circuit is obtained by
the present invention.
It is also possible that if a professional singer's voice exists in
the left and right signals L and R reproduced from a record, a
chorus of the user's voice with the singer's voice can be
obtained.
A second embodiment of the invention will now be described with
reference to FIG. 5 in which reference numerals the same as those
of the foregoing figures indicate the same elements.
In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the voice signal which is not delayed
is fed to the left channel signal L and the voice signal which is
delayed and caused to have a vibrato effect is fed to the right
channel signal R. However, in the embodiment of FIG. 5, a voice
signal which is delayed and caused to have a vibrato effect by the
same vibrato device 10, is fed to both of the left and right
channel signals L and R, respectively. In this case, it is also
possible that, through the amplifier 7, a voice signal without
being delayed can be applied to both the channel signals L and R,
as shown by a dotted line in FIG. 5.
A third embodiment of the invention will now be described with
reference to FIG. 6, in which the same reference numerals or
characters as those of the above figures show the same
elements.
In the third embodiment of FIG. 6, if a professional singer's voice
signal exists in the left and right channel signals L and R
reproduced from the record 1, the voice signal is eliminated and in
place thereof a user's voice signal which is subjected to vibrato
is inserted. That is, a matrix circuit 8 is provided which is
supplied with the signals L and R through the amplifiers 2L and 2R,
respectively, and produces signals L - .gamma. R and R - .gamma. L
where the condition 0 .ltoreq. .vertline. .gamma. .vertline.
.ltoreq. 1 is satisfied. The mixer circuits 3L and 3R are supplied
with the signals L - .gamma. R and R - .gamma. L, respectively, and
also with the output signal from the microphone 6 through the
amplifier 7 and the vibrato device 10, respectively.
In this case, consideration is given to a signal component in a
program source such as a record. A professional singer's voice
(center vocal) is recorded with the same phase and level with
respect to the left and right channels so as to be localized at the
center of stereophonic apparatus, while a sound from a musical
instrument is recorded in a different level with respect to the
left and right channels so as to be localized in dispersed left and
right directions. Accordingly, if the matrices of L - .gamma. R and
R - .gamma. L are carried out in the matric circuit 8, the signal
from the muscial instrument is almost kept at the same level as it
is, but the professional singer's voice signal is cancelled if
.vertline. .gamma. .vertline. = 1 and hence the signal from the
musical instrument is only contained in the signals L - .gamma. R
and R - .gamma. L. As a result, the user's voice is reproduced from
the speakers 5L and 5R instead of the professional singer's voice.
In this case, in addition thereto, the user's voice which is not
delayed is reproduced from the speaker 5L and the user's voice
which is delayed and caused to have a vibrato effect is reproduced
from the speaker 5R, as described above, with the result that the
microphone mixing effect is much enhanced.
Further, if the condition 1 .thrfore. .gamma. is satisfied, the
singer's voice is reproduced lower in response to .gamma., a chorus
of the user's voice with the singer's voice can be played.
FIG. 7 shows a fourth embodiment of the invention in which the
parts corresponding to those of the above embodiments are shown
with the corresponding references. With the embodiment of FIG. 7,
the singing voice of a professional singer from the record 1 can be
caused to have a vibrato effect. That is, the sum signal L+R of the
signals L and R is obtained from the matrix circuit 8 and then
applied to an audio band-pass filter 9 from which the vocal signal
of the singer is derived. The thus derived vocal signal from the
bandpass filter 9 is directly fed to the mixer circuits 3L and 3R,
respectively, and also to the vibrato device 10. The signal which
is delayed and caused to have a vibrato effect from the vibrato
device 10 is fed to the mixer circuits 3L and 3R, respectively.
Accordingly, from the speakers 5L and 5R, there are reproduced both
the original singing voice and that delayed and caused to vibrato
of the singer with the music as its background.
In the above embodiments, the intensity or amount of vibrato is
substantially constant, but it is possible to have the intensity or
amount of vibrato changed in response to the magnitude of the audio
(vocal) signal to enhance the vibrato effect. With reference to
FIG. 8, in which the parts similar to those of FIG. 1 are shown
with the similar reference numerals, such a vibrato device 10 will
now be described.
In the vibrato device 10 shown in FIG. 8, there is provided a low
frequency oscillator 26 with the frequency of, for example, 30 Hz
in addition to the low frequency oscillator 16 of 7Hz. The output
signals S.sub.c from the oscillators 16 and 26 are applied through
switches 21 and 22 to a level control circuit 17 as its input
signal.
The output signal from the audio amplifier 11 is further applied to
a detector circuit 18 the output signal from which is applied to a
time constant circuit 19 to be made as a DC signal which changes
its level in response to the level of the audio signal (average
level thereof). The DC signal from the time constant circuit 19 is
also fed to the level control circuit 17 as a control signal.
Accordingly, the signal S.sub.c passed through the level control
circuit 17 from the oscillator 16 or 26 is varied in level in
response to the level of the audio signal.
For example, as the level of the audio signal increases, that of
the signal S.sub.c increases correspondingly. The signal S.sub.c
which is controlled in level by the level control circuit 17 is
applied to the pulse oscillator 15 as a control signal for
controlling the oscillation frequency f.sub.a of the latter.
Accordingly, the frequency f.sub.a of the pulses Pa and Pb from the
oscillator 15 is changed between, for example, 10 KHz and 30 KHz
with the period the same as that of the signal S.sub.c as shown in
FIG. 4 by the solid line if the signal is high in level, while
changed within a band narrower than the former as shown in FIG. 4
by the dotted line with the same period if the signal S.sub.c is
low in level. As a result, since the changing range of the delay
time .tau. of the BBD 12 becomes wide if the audio signal is high
in level, but becomes narrow if the audio signal is low in level,
vibrato is applied to the singing voice much as the singing voice
is great in intensity. In this case, the period of vibrato can be
varied by changing the switches 21 and 22. Accordingly, with the
employment of the vibrato device 10 shown in FIG. 8, a further
specific effect can be applied to the microphone mixing
circuit.
As described above, with the present invention, a specific effect
which can not be achieved by the prior art microphone mixing
circuit can be applied to the singing voice, and a user can enjoy
the atmosphere that a professional singer is singing. Further, the
present invention for achieving such effects is simple in
construction and inexpensive.
The above description is given on the case that the BBD 12 is used
as the delay unit, but a CTD (charge transfer device) such as a CCD
(charge coupled device) can be used.
Further, it may be understood that such a system, as a flip-flop or
memory core may be used and that the delay time may be controlled
by the clock pulse.
It may also be apparent that many modifications and variations
could be effected by those skilled in the art without departing
from the spirit and scope of the novel concepts of the invention,
and hence the scope of the invention should be determined by the
appended claims only.
* * * * *