U.S. patent number 3,877,838 [Application Number 05/387,084] was granted by the patent office on 1975-04-15 for device for advancing material through a tube.
Invention is credited to Daniel S. J. Choy.
United States Patent |
3,877,838 |
Choy |
April 15, 1975 |
Device for advancing material through a tube
Abstract
A device for advancing material through a tube, particularly for
advancing waste material through the intestinal tract in the
absence or deficiency of peristalsis includes a pair of
interconnected longitudinally spaced inflatable member each of
which radially expands with increasing internal pressure initially
at the proximal end with the expansion extending to the distal end.
A bilumenal elongated flexible shaft has lumens which extend from
and communicate with respective expansion members and are connected
to a fluid pressure source and exhaust through a periodically
reversed four way sequencing valve to effect an inflation and
deflation cycle in which the trailing expansion member is inflated
with the deflation of the leading expansion member followed by the
deflation of the trailing member and the inflation of the leading
member to complete a single material advancing cycle which is
periodically repeated.
Inventors: |
Choy; Daniel S. J. (Stamford,
CT) |
Family
ID: |
23528390 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/387,084 |
Filed: |
August 9, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
417/394;
417/474 |
Current CPC
Class: |
F04B
43/1133 (20130101); F04B 43/0054 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
F04B
43/113 (20060101); F04B 43/00 (20060101); F04b
043/08 (); F04b 043/10 (); A61b 019/00 () |
Field of
Search: |
;417/394,474,475,479
;128/1D,349B,344 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Husar; C. J.
Assistant Examiner: Gluck; Richard E.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Wolder & Gross
Claims
I claim:
1. A device for advancing material through a tube comprising a pair
of end-to-end longitudinally spaced proximal and distal
longitudinally elongated inflatable members, each of said
inflatable members having means permitting each of said inflatable
members to expand radially at a progressively decreasing rate from
the proximal to the distal portions thereof under the influence of
an increase in internal pressure therein and to contract radially
at a progressively decreasing rate from the distal to the proximal
portions thereof with the decrease in said internal pressure, an
elongated flexible shaft having a pair of lumens, each of said
lumens communicating with a respective inflatable member, and means
simultaneously communicating with said inflatable members through
respective lumens for alternately connecting one of said members to
a source of pressurized fluid and the other of said members to
exhaust.
2. The device of claim 1 wherein said inflatable members are formed
of an elastomeric material.
3. The device of claim 2 wherein each of said inflatable members
has a peripheral wall which increases in thickness from the
proximal to the distal end thereof.
4. A device for advancing material through a tube comprising a pair
of end-to-end longitudinally spaced proximal and distal
longitudinally elongated inflatable members formed of elastomeric
material, each of said inflatable members having longitudinally
spaced peripheral elastomeric ribs formed on the wall thereof, the
spacing between successive ribs decreasing from the proximal to the
distal end of said inflatable member, and an elongated flexible
shaft having a pair of lumens, each of said lumens communicating
with a respective inflatable member.
5. The device of claim 4 wherein said ribs are formed on the
outside face of said wall.
6. The device of claim 1 wherein said shaft extends coaxially
through said inflatable members.
7. The device of claim 1 comprising a plurality of longitudinally
spaced pairs of said inflatable members, said shaft extending
coaxially through said inflatable members and each of said lumens
communicating with alternate of said inflatable members.
8. The device of claim 1 including a source of pressure and means
for periodically connecting said source of pressure alternately to
said inflatable members.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to improvements in material
conveying and pumping devices and it relates more particularly to
an improved device for advancing a fluid solid material through a
tube such as the intestinal tract or the like.
A commonly encountered consequence of surgery and many disorders is
a complete or partial paralysis of the peristaltic movement along
the intestinal tract with the accompanying inability to pass the
feces out of the body and the accumulation of such feces within the
intenstinal tract with highly undesirable results. Many procedures
and regimens have been practiced and proposed, both of a physical
or mechanical nature and of a pharmacological or chemical nature,
but these have proven generally unsatisfactory for many reasons.
The procedures have often been ineffective or of a relatively
uncomfortable inconvenient or harsh nature and have frequently been
accompanied by highly undesirable side effects. As a last resort in
removing the feces or waste materials, a pump is inserted in the
nose and intestines to pump the waste material from the intestines,
a procedure which leaves much to be desired.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is a principal object of the present invention to provide an
improved material conveying device.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved
device for advancing a fluid solid material through a tube.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide an
improved device for advancing waste material through the intestinal
tract in the absence or deficiency of natural or normal
peristalsis.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a device of
the above nature characterized by its reliability, simplicity,
ease, comfort and relative convenience of use, freedom from
undesirable side effects and great versatility and
adaptability.
The above and other objects of the present invention will become
apparent from a reading of the following description taken in
conjunction with the accompanying drawings which illustrate
preferred embodiments thereof.
In a sense, the present invention contemplates a device for
advancing material through a tube, particularly for advancing fluid
solid waste material through the intestinal tract comprising two or
more end-to-end connected longitudinally spaced longitudinally
elongated inflatable members, each of the inflatable members
expanding radially at a progressively decreasing rate from its
proximal to its distal end under the influence of increasing
internal pressure and contracting radially at a progressively
decreasing rate from the distal to the proximal end with the
subsequent decrease in such pressure and an elongated highly
flexible shaft containing a pair of lumens each of which
communicates with respective alternate inflatable members.
The shaft is advantageously coaxial with and supports the
inflatable members, the shaft being formed of a substantially
expansion free material and the inflatable members being formed of
an elastomeric material. In one form the peripheral walls of the
inflatable members increase in thickness from their proximal to
their distal ends and in another form they are provided with
elastomeric peripheral ribs on their outside face which decrease in
longitudinal spacing from their proximal to their distal ends. The
lumens are connected through a periodically actuated valve system
to a source of compressed air, or to exhaust or a suction source so
that alternate inflatable members are periodically inflated while
the other inflatable members are deflated.
The improved device affords a simple, convenient and reliable
arrangement for effecting the advance of waste material through the
intestinal tract and out of the body in the absence or deficiency
of peristalsis.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view of a system employing the improved
device;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal fragmentary sectional view of one form of
the improved device illustrated in a deflated condition attendent
to the insertion and positioning thereof in the intestinal tract,
and showing by broken line the expanded conditions of the
inflatable members.
FIG. 3 is a fragmentary side view thereof in a first stage of the
material advancing cycle;
FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 3 in the next stage of the
cycle;
FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 3 in the following stage of the
cycle;
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of the expanded inflatable
member; and
FIG. 7 is a view similar to FIG. 6 of another embodiment of the
present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring now to the drawings, particularly FIGS. 1 to 6 thereof
which illustrate a preferred embodiment of the present invention,
the reference numeral 10 generally designates the improved material
advancing device illustrated in its operative position within the
intestinal tract 11 of a patient being treated and being employed
in advancing a fluid solid waste material 12 along the intestinal
tract 11 toward discharge from the body in the absence of
deficiency of the normal peristaltic movement.
The device 10 includes a highly flexible tubular shaft 13 which
permits the insertion and guiding of the operative end of the
device 10 to the desired and optimum position within the tract 11
and is formed of any suitable material which is resistant to
corrosion by the body fluids and is pharmocalogically inert, such
as polyethylene, teflon, or the like. The shaft 13 has a pair of
lumens 14 and 16 formed therein and extending for the full length
thereof and may be formed of a pair of side-by-side tubes joined to
each other along their lengths.
Carried by the shaft 13 and coaxial therewith are two or more
longitudinally end-to-end regularly spaced similar inflatable
members 17 formed of an elastomeric material such as natural or
synthetic rubber, only two of which members 17 are fully
illustrated. Each of the inflatable members 17, in its normal
deflated state, that is, with the same internal and external
pressures is of elongated tubular shape of somewhat greater
diameter than the maximum width of shaft 13. The confronting ends
of successive inflatable members are necked down to form an
interconnecting sleeve 18 which ensheaths and is hermetically
sealed to the other face of shaft 13 to isolate the successive
inflatable members 17, the distal end of shaft 13 and the front end
of the leading inflatable member 17 being sealed and rounded, as at
19.
The peripheral cylindrical wall 20 of each inflatable member 17
increases in thickness from the proximal to the distal end thereof
so that upon increasing the internal pressure of the inflatable
member 17, the trailing or proximal end portion thereof first
expands to the full diameter of the surrounding tract 11 and with
further increase in the inflatable device internal pressure, it
progressively forwardly radially expands until the inflatable
member is fully radially expanded along the full length thereof, a
forwardly advancing forwardly facing peripheral shoulder 21 being
formed and effected during inflation, the shoulder receding during
deflation of the inflatable member 17. Ports or openings 22 are
formed in the lumen 14 in the area of alternate inflatable members
17 to provide gasseous communication between lumen 14 and these
alternate inflatable members 17, and ports or openings 23 are
formed in the lumen 16 in the areas of the other inflatable members
17 so that one group of alternate members 17 communicate with the
lumen 14 and the other interdigitating group of members 17
communicate with lumen 16.
The lumens 14 and 16 are respectively connected to a pair of ports
of a conventional four way valve 24 which includes a second pair of
ports, one of which is connected to a pressurized gas source 26
which may be an air pump and the other port of which is connected
either to exhaust to the atmosphere or to suction 27, which may be
the inlet port of the air pump. An adjustable timer 28 is provided
for periodically reversing the valve 24 in any known fashion so
that the lumens 14 and 16 communicate respectively with pressure
source 26 and suction 27 and are periodically reversed to
communicate with suction 27 and pressure source 26 respectively.
Accordingly, alternate inflatable members 17 are periodically
inflated and deflated while the other inflatable members are
deflated and inflated in opposite phase.
Considering now the operation and application of the improved
device in the advancing of waste material 12 along the intestinal
tract 11 to discharge the waste material, the deflated inflatable
members 17 are inserted, guided and advanced by means of the shaft
13 along the intestinal tract 11 to any desired or optimum
position, for example, by inserting the inflatable members 17 and
shaft 13 into the patient's nasal cavity and advancing the shaft 13
and members 17 by pushing on, manipulating and guiding the shaft 13
to effect the progress thereof through the esophagus, stomach and
intestine to the desired location. Thereafter, communication is
effected between the gas pressure source and suction and the
inflatable members 17 by way of the bilumenal shaft 13 and valve
24, and the timer 28 is then energized to periodically reverse the
valve 24.
At the initiation of the cycle, as shown in FIG. 3, the leading
inflatable member 17, of a pair thereof, communicates with the
exhaust or suction to completely contract the leading member 17 and
the trailing member 17 communicates with the pressure source 26 to
gradually inflate the trailing member 17 which initially fully
expands at its proximal end to form shoulder 21 which progresses
with the longitudinal advance of the radial expansion of trailing
member 17 to forwardly advance the waste material 12 along the
intestinal tract 11 by the progressing shoulder 21. After the full
expansion of the trailing member 17, the timer 28 reverses the
valve 24 to rapidly inflate the proximal portion of leading member
17, as shown in FIG. 4, and thereafter fully inflate the leading
member 17 and deflate the trailing member 17 as shown in FIG. 5 to
complete the cycle and advance the waste material 12 an increment
along the intestinal tract 11. The timer 28 then reverses the valve
24 to start the following cycle and the cycle is repeated at
regular intervals as determined by the timer 28.
Another embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in FIG.
7 of the drawing and differs from that first described only in the
construction of the inflatable member 32 which corresponds in
function to the inflatable member 17, the devices being otherwise
similar. Specifically, the inflatable member 32 includes an
expandable elastomeric cylindrical peripheral wall 33 of uniform
thickness and having integrally formed therewith on its outer face
a plurality of longitudinally spaced elastomeric peripheral ribs
34. The spacing between the successive ribs 34 at the proximal end
of wall 33 is greater than the spacing between the ribs 34 at the
distal end thereof, the spacing gradually decreasing from the
proximal to the distal end. Thus, with the inflation of the
inflatable member 32, the proximal end first expands to produce a
forwardly facing shoulder, corresponding to shoulder 21 which
advances and recedes with the inflation and deflation of the
inflatable member 32 as explained in connection with inflatable
member 17.
The operation and application of the device last described is
similar to that first described.
While there have been described and illustrated preferred
embodiments of the present invention, it is apparent that numerous
alterations, omissions and additions may be made without departing
from the spirit thereof.
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