U.S. patent number 3,877,674 [Application Number 05/333,329] was granted by the patent office on 1975-04-15 for spring lock means for connecting abutting form panels.
This patent grant is currently assigned to Blaw-Knox Equipment Inc.. Invention is credited to Henry P. Cerutti.
United States Patent |
3,877,674 |
Cerutti |
April 15, 1975 |
Spring lock means for connecting abutting form panels
Abstract
A modular concrete wall form panel unit comprises a facing panel
and a supporting frame of metal structural members having edge
faces normal to the panel and flush with its edges. Adjoining
panels are quickly fastened together and taken apart by captive
T-head fasteners which extend through elongated slots in the edge
faces and seat against spring pressure in cammed fittings when the
T-head fasteners are rotated. Each fastener is provided with a
second compression spring which retracts it within the frame when
it is disengaged. Each unit is provided with slots extending across
the edge faces of the frame and into the panel face as semicircles
so that when adjoining panels are fastened together holes for tie
rods are thereby formed.
Inventors: |
Cerutti; Henry P. (Mount
Lebanon Township, Allegheny County, PA) |
Assignee: |
Blaw-Knox Equipment Inc.
(Pittsburgh, PA)
|
Family
ID: |
23302324 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/333,329 |
Filed: |
February 16, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
249/196;
249/190 |
Current CPC
Class: |
E04G
17/042 (20130101); E04G 11/10 (20130101); E04G
2009/028 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
E04G
11/00 (20060101); E04G 11/10 (20060101); E04G
17/04 (20060101); E04g 009/04 () |
Field of
Search: |
;249/38,40,44,47,189-192,196,219R |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Baldwin; Robert D.
Assistant Examiner: McQuade; John
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Buell, Blenko and Ziesenheim
Claims
I claim:
1. In a modular concrete form panel unit comprising a facing panel,
a peripheral frame attached thereto of members having planar edges
normal to the panel positioned to abut the corresponding edges of
adjoining units, elongated openings positioned in those edges to
register with like openings in adjoining unit edges, circular cam
elements disposed around certain of those openings on the inside
face of the edge, and T-head fasteners adapted to extend through
those registering openings and upon rotation engage the cam
elements, the improvement comprising a washer on the T-head
fastener shaft spaced from the T-head, a first compression spring
positioned between the washer and a frame member edge, the spring
being compressed when the T-head engages a cam element and having a
travel when uncompressed less than that required to maintain the
T-head fastener within the frame, a bearing member affixed to the
frame member edge but spaced therefrom and having a hole through
which the shaft of the T-head fastener extends, an operating head
on the outer end of that shaft, and a second compression spring
positioned between the bearing member and the operating head having
a travel when uncompressed sufficient to maintain the T-head
fastener within the frame.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 in which the washer is of greater
diameter than the hole in the bearing member.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 in which the first compression spring
is stiffer than the second compression spring.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 in which the cam elements comprise
oppositely disposed ramps and flat portions and a diametral groove
extending across opposed flat portions so as to form a seat for the
T-head of a fastener.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 in which the first compression spring
is a Belleville spring.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 in which the frame member is of channel
cross-section, the channel web comprising the planar edge, and the
bearing member forms with the channel a box section.
Description
This invention relates to reuseable concrete wall form panel units
comprising a facing panel affixed to a metal frame. It is more
particularly concerned with such panels provided with mechanisms
for fastening them together and for bracing them.
The use of modular concrete wall form panel units is well
established in the building industry. Conventionally, those units
are rectangular in shape and include a frame constructed of metal
elements, frequently steel, supporting a facing panel, generally of
plywood. The frames are provided with flanges or like planar edges
around their peripheries and those flanges or edges carry means for
fastening adjoining panels together. It is usually necessary to
connect the forms for the opposite sides of a wall with tie rods so
as to prevent spreading of the forms by the weight of the concrete,
and holes are sometimes provided in the flanges through which those
tie rods are assembled.
It is, of course, desirable to assemble or disassemble quickly a
series of such panel units, and various types of fastening means
have been devised to that end. Pin-and-wedge type fasteners of the
type illustrated in U.S. Pat. No. 3,661,354 issued to R. T. Dagiel
et al., on May 9, 1972 are widely used, but have the disadvantage
that the pins and wedges are easily lost. A captive type of cam
fastener is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,297,899, issued to H.
Kruger on Oct. 6, 1942. Those fasteners, when unassembled, are
loose in their sockets and may project beyond the edges of the
panel, thus being subject to accidental damage. A spring retracted
rotatable fastener is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,385,555 of J. R.
Williams, dated May 28, 1968, but it is not a captive fastener and
in that respect suffers from the above mentioned disadvantage of
the Dagiel fastener.
It is an object of my invention to provide a modular concrete wall
form panel unit having improved means for positioning tie rods
therein. It is another object to provide such a panel having
improved captive fastener means. Other objects of my invention will
become apparent from the description thereof which follows.
An embodiment of my invention presently preferred by me is
illustrated in the attached figures, to which reference is now
made.
FIG. 1 is a side elevation of the frame of a panel unit of my
invention;
FIG. 2 is an end elevation of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-section taken on the plane 3--3 of FIG. 1
showing the attachment of the plywood facing panel to the
frame;
FIG. 4 is a detail of a portion of the fastener of my invention in
its retracted position;
FIG. 5 is a detail of adjoining panels connected by the fasteners
of my invention;
FIG. 6 is a partial cross-section taken on the plane 6--6 of FIG. 1
showing a portion of my fasteners; and
FIG. 7 is a developed view of a portion of a side member of the
frame of FIG. 1 showing a tie rod slot.
My invention comprises a cross-braced rectangular metal frame of
flanged elements having a plywood panel attached to the flanges on
one side thereof, captive fastening elements attached to the edges
of the frame at spaced intervals, and slots through those edges and
a portion of the frame immediately adjacent thereto which with like
slots in adjoining panels form holes for tie rods.
The frame 10 of my panel is formed of side uprights 11 and 12 and
end cross-pieces 13 and 14. Although my panels may be used in any
position I call cross-piece 13 a bottom cross-piece and cross-piece
14 a top cross-piece for the purpose of this description. The
rectangular frame 10 so formed is braced by a plurality of
horizontal braces 15 connecting uprights 11 and 12 and spaced from
each other along those uprights. Upright 12 is channel-shaped as
may be seen from FIG. 3, comprising a web 18 and flanges 19--19,
and upright 11 is likewise a channel. Cross-pieces 13 and 14 and
braces 15 are angles. A plywood panel 16 is fastened to frame 10 by
screws 17 through holes in the flanges of the members constituting
that frame.
Uprights 11 and 12 are provided with parallel-sided slots 21 cut
entirely through web 18 transversely thereof and extending into
flanges 19 as semi-circular holes 22. These are best illustrated in
FIG. 7. The uprights of adjoining panel units are provided with
similar mating cutouts and when the abutting panel units are joined
together the resulting circular holes form apertures for ties of
circular cross-section which are locked in place by conventional
collars.
The webs of uprights 11 and 12 and the edge flanges of bottom and
top cross-members 13 and 14 are pierced at spaced intervals with
elongated openings 23. These openings have a circular center
portion 24 which is extended along one diameter into oppositely
positioned rectangular slots 25 of lesser width than the diameter
of the center portion 24.
When adjoining panel units are aligned side-by-side or end-to-end,
the elongated openings 23 of the abutting edge of one unit register
with those of the abutting edge of the ajoining unit. The units are
locked together with rotary cam-type fasteners consisting of a
T-bolt element 27 and a cammed seat element 28. Alternate openings
23 around a panel unit are provided with T-bolt elements 27 and
with cammed seat elements 28, so arranged that the T-bolt elements
of one panel unit in their operative position can extend through
the openings 23 and engage the cammed seat elements 28 of the
adjoining panel unit.
A T-bolt 27 in its retracted position is illustrated in FIG. 4. It
comprises a cylindrical shaft or shank 29 terminating at one end in
a T-head 30, that head being formed by two oppositely projecting
lugs 31 dimensioned to pass through slots 25, and terminating at
the other end in an operating head 32 which is conventionally a
hexagonal nut.
The T-bolts 27 are captive fasteners. Shank 29 passes through a
clearance hole in a bearing member 33 which is affixed to flange 19
of the frame member, for example, channel 11, parallel to web 18
thereof but inboard thereof so that T-head 30 is on one side of
member 33 and operating head 32 is on the other. The clearance hole
in bearing member 33 is aligned with an opening 23 in the web 18 of
channel 11. A pair of Belleville or cup washer springs 34 is
positioned around shank 29 between T-head 30 and bearing member 33.
A washer 36 is affixed to shank 29 between the Belleville springs
34 and bearing member 33. A helical compression spring 35 is
likewise positioned around shank 29 between bearing member 33 and
operating head 32.
A seating element 28 is shown in plan in FIG. 6. These elements are
attached to the inside face of web 18 of frame members 11 and 12,
and inside face of the edge flanges of cross-pieces 13 and 14. Each
element is divided into quadrants, opposed quadrants 38, each of
which is pierced by a slot 25 of opening 23, being ramp quadrants,
and opposed quadrants 39 having bearing surfaces parallel to web 18
but spaced therefrom. The low edge 40 of each ramp quadrant 38 lies
in the plane of web 18, for example, and along a side of slot 25.
The high edge 41 of each ramp quadrant 38 is at the level at the
bearing surface of quadrant 39. A shallow diametral groove 42 wide
enough to accommodate lugs 31 of T-bolt 27 extends across bearing
surface quadrants 39--39.
The panel units are connected together by aligning lugs 31 of
T-bolt head 30 with slots 25 in opening 23 and pushing shank 29
until those lugs go through those slots. T-bolt 27 is then rotated
clockwise, as shown in FIG. 6, by turning nut 32 with a wrench.
This causes lugs 31 to travel up ramps 38, thus moving T-bolt 27
further toward seating element 28. This movement is resisted by the
Belleville springs 34 which are compressed between washer 36 and
web 18, as well as by compression spring 35 is compressed between
nut 32 and bearing member 33. The connection is locked by rotating
shank 29 until lugs 31 seat themselves in groove 42.
The panel units are disconnected by rotating nut 32 in the opposite
direction. When lugs 31 are again aligned with slots 25 compression
spring 35 expands, moving T-bolt 27 to the right as seen in FIG. 4.
Spring 35 is dimensioned so that in its extended position it
retracts T-bolt head 30 until its outer end is flush with or within
web 18.
The Belleville springs 34 are by their nature stiff and exert
considerable force when compressed only slightly. Therefore, the
ramp quadrants 38 of seating element 28 need not provide for much
axial movement of T-bolt 27 to maintain tension therein. The travel
or extension of the Belleville springs between their compressed and
uncompressed condition is insufficient to retract T-bolts 27 within
frame 10. Spring 35 which is provided for this purpose is not
required to tension T-bolts 27. Spring 35 is conveniently a
conventional coil spring of much less stiffness but of much greater
travel or extension than Belleville springs 34.
While I have described an embodiment of my invention in which
uprights 11 and 12 of frame 10 are channel sections, those uprights
could be angles, like cross-pieces 13 and 14, or those corss-pieces
could be channels, like uprights 11 and 12.
In the foregoing specification I have described a presently
preferred embodiment of this invention, however, it will be
understood that this invention can be otherwise embodied within the
scope of the following claims.
* * * * *