U.S. patent number 3,876,039 [Application Number 05/327,623] was granted by the patent office on 1975-04-08 for mechanical lift truck.
Invention is credited to Sherman W. Bushnell, Jr..
United States Patent |
3,876,039 |
Bushnell, Jr. |
April 8, 1975 |
Mechanical lift truck
Abstract
A manually operable material handling and lifting vehicle
capable of lifting loads, supporting them during transport and
raising them to an elevated position. The vehicle comprises a
wheeled base member having a vertical upright, and a first
telescoping member extendable to approximately twice the height of
the vertical upright, and a carriage slidably secured to the first
telescoping member movable the entire vertical distance of the
telescoping member whereby when the first telescoping member and
the carriage are at their uppermost position the load has been
lifted to a position approximately two times the height of the
vertical upright. The carriage and first telescoping member are
moved by the interaction of a winch and a single cable.
Inventors: |
Bushnell, Jr.; Sherman W.
(Seattle, WA) |
Family
ID: |
23277324 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/327,623 |
Filed: |
January 29, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
187/226; 414/785;
187/232 |
Current CPC
Class: |
B66F
9/06 (20130101); B66F 9/07559 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
B66F
9/075 (20060101); B66F 9/06 (20060101); B66b
009/20 () |
Field of
Search: |
;187/9 ;212/35,43,145
;280/34,35,150.5 ;214/750 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Schacher; Richard A.
Assistant Examiner: Nase; Jeffrey V.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Seed, Berry, Vernon &
Baynham
Claims
The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or
priviledge is claimed are defined as follows:
1. A portable lift comprising, a portable base including an
upwardly projecting first mast frame of generally rectangular
configuration,
a second mast frame of generally rectangular configuration slidably
mounted on said first frame for vertical movement relative
thereto.
a carriage slidably mounted on said second frame for vertical
movement relative thereto and carrying horizontally projecting
lifting element means,
winch means supported by the base and having a cable wound
thereon,
sheave means on the top of said first frame, the bottom and top of
said second frame, and on said carriage through which said cable is
reeved in the recited order and dead-ended on the top of the second
frame to provide a mechanical advantage for lifting said second
frame relative to the first frame and for also providing a
mechanical advantage for lifting said carriage relative to said
second frame, said second-mentioned mechanical advantage being as
great as the first-mentioned mechanical advantage whereby when the
cable is hauled in by the winch means said carriage is raised
substantially to its full extent relative to the second frame
before said second frame moves upwardly relative to the first frame
to further raise the carriage.
2. A portable lift according to claim 1 in which said
first-mentioned mechanical advantage and second-mentioned advantage
are each two to one.
3. A portable lift according to claim 1 in which said lifting
element means comprises a pair of fork elements and said base has a
pair of ground support wheels near the lower end of said first
frame, and a pair of laterally spaced outriggers projecting from
said base between said wheels in the same direction as the fork
elements and arranged to have said fork elements located
therebetween when the fork elements are in a lowered position, said
outriggers being removable and being horizontally adjustable on
said base in said direction.
4. A portable lift according to claim 1 in which each of said fork
elements has a support leg extending from its inner end, and means
on the carriage for selectively mounting each support leg in
alternate vertical positions whereat the fork is in operating
position at the bottom of the leg or the top of the leg to thereby
provide alternative fork elevations when the carriage is at its
uppermost position relative to the base.
5. A portable lift according to claim 1 in which said first frame
is rigidly mounted on said base and has an elevated handle on the
opposite side thereof from said lifting element means, and in which
said winch means is manually operated and is mounted beneath said
handle on said first frame.
6. A portable lift comprising,
a vertical frame assembly,
a vertically movable carriage slidably mounted on said frame
assembly and having a pair of laterally spaced fork mounting means
each comprising a respective horizontal pair of laterally
projecting and vertically spaced fork supports,
a pair of vertically reversible L-shaped fork elements each having
a horizontal lifting fork and a vertical support leg adapted to be
alternatively sleeved on the fork elements of a respective said
fork mounting means in a first position whereat the fork is at the
bottom of the leg or in a second vertically reversed position
whereat the fork is at the top of the leg and projects in the same
direction as when in said first position whereby the maximum
elevation of said lifting forks may be varied by vertically
reversing the support legs,
and means for moving said carriage to the top of said frame
assembly with said lifting forks in either of said positions.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
For construction and warehouse work it is often necessary that
relatively heavy material be transported from one position to
another and either raised to or lowered from an elevated location.
Forklift trucks provide the majority of service necessary for large
scale moving, stacking and lifting. However, there is a need for a
more portable lift unit which performs much the same function as
the forklift truck without the expense and bulk involved with a
forklift vehicle.
Small portable hydraulic and pneumatic lift units have been
developed but suffer from the fact that they are of relatively high
cost and inherently include a fair amount of bulk and weight. The
bulk and weight of these hydraulic or pneumatic units makes them
relatively impractical from a portability standpoint in that they
may not be easily transported from one location to another in a
panel or pickup-type truck.
Typical of the lift units presently utilized in the industry are
those as shown in U.S. Pat. No. 2,106,878 granted to Sinclair, U.S.
Pat. No. 2,702,607 granted to Sokolic, U.S. Pat. No. 2,885,961
granted to Hobfeld May 12, 1959, and U.S. Pat. No. 2,938,595
granted to Miller on May 31, 1960.
Each of the above noted lift vehicles is capable of performing the
lift function, but each of them suffer from the above noted
disadvantages in that they are not completely portable because of
their bulk, they are extremely heavy and further they do not have
the capability of raising an object placed on their outwardly
extending forks or platforms to a position close in elevation to
the top of the uprights. In other words, the prior art lift devices
suffer from the fact that they need a fair amount of overhead
clearance to allow the upright to pass and this clearance is
necessarily, substantially greater than the highest possible
elevation to which the load could be lifted, thereby greatly
reducing the total lifting capability of the lift.
With the above noted prior art and problems in mind, it is an
object of the present invention to provide a lightweight manual
lift truck wherein objects placed on the lift platform may be
lifted to and stacked in a position very close to the maximum
height required by the lift itself.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a lightweight
lift which lifts a supported object through a series of stages. The
first stage includes lifting the object to the height of a rigid
vertical element secured to the base of the lift and, the second
stage lifts the object to the height of the telescoping element
which is slidably secured to the rigid vertical element thereby
raising it to an elevation approximately twice the height of the
lift itself.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a
lightweight lift wherein the lift platform and the horizontally
disposed stabilizing means may be quickly and easily dismantled and
removed whereby the truck, in the dismantled condition, may be
stored in a tool locker or the like.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a
lightweight lift wherein the lifting force is provided by a winch
which may be powered either by hand or by an electric or other
motor. The winch winds or unwinds a cable which has a unique
reeving system causing the carriage transporting the outwardly
extending load supporting platform to be elevated first and then
the entire load and a telescoping member to be raised to the
maximum position. This unique method of elevation allows the load
to be placed very close to the top or uppermost position of the
lift itself.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a
portable lift wherein the horizontal loading platform may be used
in either a first configuration wherein the platform is disposed
reasonably close to the floor or load supporting surface or a
second configuration wherein the load supporting platform is
inverted thereby allowing the load to be lifted to a position
approximately equal to the uppermost extent of the entire lift when
extended.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of the present inventive lift truck
with the carriage in its uppermost position with the lifting forks
in their normal configuration.
FIG. 2 is a rear elevational view of the lift truck with the
carriage in its lowermost position but with the lifting fork in an
inverted configuration.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view along lines 3--3 of FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 is a horizontal section taken along lines 4--4 of FIG. 2
depicting the interaction of the telescoping support elements.
FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 are schematic representations showing the lift in
three of its various infinite positions.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
As seen in FIG. 1 the portable lightweight lift comprises a
structural frame element having a pair of normally vertical
parallel channel-shaped main side elements 2 interconnected by a
crosspiece 4 defining the top of the main frame. A handle 5 is
connected to the crosspiece 4 A second crosspiece 6 is located at
the bottom of the framework and has interconnected therewith a pair
of parallel bracket members 8 extending outwardly from the side
elements 2 in a direction normal to their common plane. Brackets 8
support a pair of hollow receiving elements 10 for purposes to be
hereinafter described and an axle 12. A pair of wheels 14 are
supported by the axle 12 and enable the lift to be quickly and
easily moved from one place to another without special
equipment.
Extending through the elements 10 in a direction transverse to the
axle 12 are a pair of outriggers 16 having wheels 18 at their
outermost end. The outriggers 16 are locked in place within the
bracket 10 by means of a pin or the like and may be moved from a
position where they extend forwardly as shown in solid providing
the maximum support against forward tilting of the mechanism to a
more rearward position as shown in phantom allowing the lifting
element to have a reach beyond the outriggers which is greater than
would normally be expected. As to be explained in greater detail
hereinafter, the outriggers 16 may be easily removed for compact
storage and ease of transport of the entire structure. If necessary
the outriggers 16 may be provided with secondary outriggers 20
which are mounted upon an interlinking element 22 which passes
through the outriggers 16 in a direction transverse to the
direction of the main outriggers 16. Together the outriggers
provide assurance against tipping to the side.
Mounted within the main frame member and slidably juxtaposed with
side elements 2 is a second rectangular frame member forming the
telescopic section. The telescopic section includes a pair of
parallel I-beams 24 which are generally parallel to the channel of
side elements 2 and a pair of interlinking transverse members 26
and 27 whereby the second telescopic member forms a rectangular
element. Mounted for relative movement with the first telescopic
member is a carriage 28 having a pair of inwardly facing channel
members 30 braced by transverse members 32 which extend betweed the
channel members 30 and hold them in a rigid position. Mounted to
the forward portion of the carriage 28 is a vertical flange member,
shown in greater detail hereinafter, which provides support for the
forwardly extending forks 34 which define the load carrying
platform.
Intermediate the length of the main frame side elements 2 is a
third transverse element 36 which has mounted thereupon a winch 38
for purposes hereinafter described which may be hand powered or
alternatively powered by a mechanical element.
Mounted to the top transverse member 4 is a first pulley 40.
Mounted to the lowermost transverse element 26 of the telescoping
section is a second pulley 42. Mounted to the uppermost transverse
element 27 of the telescoping section is a third pulley 44 and
secured to the bottom portion of carriage 28 is a fourth pulley 46.
The cable which is wound upon and secured to the winch 36 extends
upwardly and downwardly passing successively through pulleys 40,
42, 44, 46 and then, as shown in greater detail with respect to
FIG. 2, is dead ended in the crosspiece 27 of the first telescoping
section.
As seen in FIG. 2, the fork member 34 is supported by a pair of
transversely disposed tubular members 50 and 52 which pass through
a pair of flange members 54, noted above, secured to the vertical
channel members 30 of the carriage 28. The forks 34-35 slide over
the tubular members 50, 52 and are held in place by means of a bolt
56 which is threaded into the tube 50. The securement of the forks
is necessary for safety but the particular means of securement is
not deemed critical. It is to be noted at this point that the
vertical members 30 of the carriage 28 have an upwardly extending
flanged portion 58 which serves as a stop by abutting transverse
member 27 when the carriage is moved to its uppermost position. In
operation, the winch is operated and the carriage 28 is moved to
its uppermost position whereat the stops 58 contact the lower
portion of cross member 27 and then any further inhaul of the cable
causes the first telescoping section to move upwardly until, at
maximum extension, the lift is approximately twice its normal
height.
As seen in FIG. 3, the fork members 34 include the outwardly
extending generally horizontally disposed leg portion which is
L-shaped in cross section to complement outrigger 16 and then a
normally disposed element 35 attached thereto. The element 35 has a
pair of bores passing therethrough whereby the fork element may be
rigidly held in place by means of the transverse tubular members
50, 52 as noted above. As seen in FIG. 3, the fork members may be
placed in their inverse or opposite from normal position whereby
the horizontally disposed element 34 is located at the top of the
carriage 28 enabling the operator to place the load extremely close
to the elevation required for clearance by the entire carriage
itself. Referring back now to FIG. 2, a pair of wheels 60 is
provided at the interior of the channel members 2 at the upper
portion thereof for rolling contact with one side of the I-beam 24.
A second set of wheels 62, only one to be seen in FIG. 2, is
located at the lower portion of the first telescoping member for
interaction with the channel member 2 whereby the first telescoping
member has rolling contact between itself and channel member
greatly reducing any frictional contact easing the burden of
relative movement.
As seen in FIG. 3, the carriage 28 includes a pair of wheels 64 at
the upper portion of the carriage and an identical pair of wheels
66 at the lower portion of the carriage to interact with the inner
surface of the I-beam 24 forming the side of the first telescoping
member. The combination of the rolling interaction of wheels 64, 66
with the I-beam provides for relatively frictionless upward
movement of the carriage with respect to the first telescoping
member.
As seen in FIG. 4, the interaction of the various vertical elements
and their placement with respect to the wheels or the like may
readily be seen. The main structural support is provided by the
pair of inwardly facing channel members 2 which as noted above are
secured to a plate or flange 8 which provides support for the axle
12 supporting the wheels 14. Mounted interiorly of channel member 2
is an I-beam 24 which may be formed as a single unit or
alternatively may be a fabrication of two or more elements. As best
seen in this figure, an outwardly extending flange 70 is provided
upon each of the I-beams 24, providing additional rigidity and
contact between the channel member 2 and the I-beam 24. The wheel
62 which provides rolling contact between the channel member and
the I-beam may readily be seen in this view. The carriage 28, as
noted above, is fabricated of a pair of generally vertical members
30 having mounted to their outermost section wheels 66 for rolling
contact with the other half of the I-beam 24.
It should also be realized that additional telescoping sections
could be incorporated in the lift by adding one or more pairs of
I-beam frames, such as 24, inwardly of 24 with carriage 28
contained within the inner flanges of the innermost pair of
I-beams. The addition of such telescoping sections would thus
increase the extended lift height accordingly.
Reference is now made to FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 to more graphically
depict the interaction of the various elements during the elevation
or lowering of the load upon the inventive hand truck, shown
schematically in these figures. As seen in FIG. 5, the hand truck
is in its collapsed configuration with the carriage and telescoping
section at their lowermost position. The carriage at the bottom of
the first telescoping section rests with its base adjacent the base
of the vertical upright and overlying outriggers 16. At this point
the cable will be extended to its greater length. In FIG. 6 the
carriage and load supporting platform have been moved by operation
of the winch to the uppermost position of the carriage relative to
the telescoping section whereat it is adjacent the top of the
telescoping section. At this position the stops 58, as seen in FIG.
2, will contact the upper horizontal member 27 of the telescoping
section and thus eliminate any further upward movement of the load
supporting platform and its carriage.
Continual cranking of the winch will thus cause the cable between
the first telescopic section and the winch to be retracted thus
providing an upward force upon the pulley located at the lowermost
portion of the telescoping section, pulling it upwardly until it
has reached its fully extended position as shown in FIG. 7. Thus,
as can be seen, the truck is utilizable in its telescoped
configuration to move a load from the position adjacent the floor
to a position adjacent its upright without activating the
telescoping section. If it is desired to move a load to a higher
elevation the telescoping section is then utilized and without any
delay or adjustment carries the load to an elevation approximately
twice the height of the original channel members. If it is
necessary that the load be placed immediately adjacent the ceiling
or where low clearance is a problem and the load must pass beneath
beams or the like, then the forks will be inverted, as noted above,
and the load placed on the normally bottom portion of the forks
will be raised to a position essentially adjacent the top of the
first telescopic section regardless of its position.
Thus it can be seen that there has been provided a simplified and
inexpensive lift capable of being dismantled and stowed in a very
small place, utilized for lifting relatively heavy loads without a
necessity of exterior power source to a position approximately
twice the height of the vehicle itself.
* * * * *