U.S. patent number 3,875,679 [Application Number 05/413,601] was granted by the patent office on 1975-04-08 for condenser apparatus.
This patent grant is currently assigned to General Electric Company. Invention is credited to Robert E. Condit.
United States Patent |
3,875,679 |
Condit |
April 8, 1975 |
Condenser apparatus
Abstract
Condenser apparatus for removing moisture from the air including
a housing for the condenser apparatus, which housing has both a
cooling liquid inlet and an air inlet at one end. Within the
housing is a rotatable disc downstream from the liquid inlet so
that when the disc is rotated and liquid is impinged upon the disc
a cooling liquid droplet cloud is produced. At the opposite end of
the condenser housing from the inlet is an air outlet and a
concentrically positioned rotatable blower. Located between the
blower and the rotatable disc is a rotatable water wheel for
collecting entrained liquid droplets before they pass into the
blower. Circumferentially around the rotatable water wheel is a
liquid pump that removes liquid from the condenser apparatus. An
electric motor is utilized for rotatably driving all of the
rotating elements. An auxiliary liquid discharge outlet from the
condenser apparatus is arranged to provide an air gap between the
liquid inlet and outlet. The condenser apparatus is utilized
particularly in an automatic clothes dryer wherein hot
moisture-laden air that has been passed over the fabrics to be
dried is introduced into the condenser apparatus which reduces the
temperature of the air to condense moisture therefrom and then
recirculates the air again through the clothes dryer.
Inventors: |
Condit; Robert E. (Louisville,
KY) |
Assignee: |
General Electric Company
(Louisville, KY)
|
Family
ID: |
23637881 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/413,601 |
Filed: |
November 7, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
34/75; 34/78;
34/131; 261/90; 96/282 |
Current CPC
Class: |
D06F
58/24 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
D06F
58/24 (20060101); D06F 58/20 (20060101); F26b
021/06 () |
Field of
Search: |
;34/72-78,130,131,133
;68/18C ;55/230 ;261/90 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Primary Examiner: Sprague; Kenneth W.
Assistant Examiner: Yeung; James C.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. Condenser apparatus for removing moisture from air by passing
moisture-laden air through a cloud of cooling liquid droplets
having:
a. a housing,
b. liquid inlet means at one end of said housing,
c. air inlet means at said one end of the housing,
d. air outlet means at the end of the housing opposite the air
inlet means,
e. a condensing chamber between the air inlet and outlet,
f. means to form a liquid droplet cloud within the condensing
chamber,
g. means for inducing air to flow from the air inlet means through
the condensing chamber to the air outlet means,
h. means for collecting liquid droplets which is positioned within
the housing and located between the means to form a liquid droplet
cloud and the air flow inducing means,
i. a pump for removing liquid from the condenser apparatus, and
j. means for driving the rotatable components including the pump,
the improvement comprising an auxiliary liquid discharge outlet
having an opening outside the condensing chamber and located below
and spaced from said liquid inlet means to provide an air gap
therebetween.
2. The condenser apparatus of claim 1 wherein the auxiliary liquid
discharge outlet includes a sump in communication with the outlet
opening, the sump being partially located within the condensing
chamber at the bottom thereof.
3. Condenser apparatus for removing moisture from air by passing
moisture-laden air through a cloud of cooling liquid droplets
having:
a. a housing,
b. liquid inlet means at one end of said housing,
c. air inlet means at said one end of the housing,
d. air outlet means at the end of the housing opposite the air
inlet means,
e. a condensing chamber between the air inlet and outlet,
f. a rotatable disc positioned within the housing axially from the
liquid inlet means,
g. a rotatable blower for inducing air to flow from the air inlet
means through the condensing chamber to the air outlet means,
h. means for collecting liquid droplets which is positioned within
the housing and located between the disc and blower,
i. a pump for removing liquid from the condenser apparatus, and
j. means for driving the rotatable components including the pump,
the improvement comprising an auxiliary liquid discharge outlet
having an opening outside the condensing chamber and located below
and spaced from said liquid inlet means to provide an air gap
therebetween.
4. The condenser apparatus of claim 3 wherein the auxiliary liquid
discharge outlet includes a sump in communication with the outlet
opening, the sump being partially located within the condensing
chamber at the bottom thereof.
5. In an automatic clothes dryer machine having a cabinet, a drum
mounted for rotation within the cabinet to tumble clothes to be
dried, means for passing air through the drum and heating means to
heat the air, and a condenser apparatus through which the air
passes to be cooled and remove moisture, the condenser apparatus
having:
a. a housing,
b. liquid inlet means at one end of said housing,
c. air inlet means at said one end of the housing,
d. air outlet means at the end of the housing opposite the air
inlet means,
e. a condensing chamber between the air inlet and outlet,
f. means to form a liquid droplet cloud within the condensing
chamber,
g. means for inducing air to flow from the air inlet means through
the condensing chamber to the air outlet means,
h. means for collecting liquid droplets which is positioned within
the housing and located between the means to form a liquid droplet
cloud and the air flow inducing means,
i. a pump for removing liquid from the condenser apparatus, and
j. means for driving the rotatable components including the pump,
the improvement comprising an auxiliary liquid discharge outlet
having an opening outside the condensing chamber and located below
and spaced from said liquid inlet means to provide an air gap
therebetween.
6. The condenser apparatus of claim 5 wherein the auxiliary liquid
discharge outlet includes a sump in communication with the outlet
opening, the sump being partially located within the condensing
chamber at the bottom thereof.
7. In an automatic clothes dryer machine having a cabinet, a drum
mounted for rotation within the cabinet to tumble clothes to be
dried, means for passing air through the drum and heating means to
heat the air, and a condenser apparatus through which the air
passes to be cooled and remove moisture, the condenser apparatus
having:
a. a housing,
b. liquid inlet means at one end of said housing for introducing a
stream of liquid into the housing,
c. air inlet means at said one end of the housing,
d. air outlet means at the end of the housing opposite the air
inlet means,
e. a condensing chamber between the air inlet and outlet,
f. a rotatable disc positioned within the housing axially from the
liquid inlet means,
g. a rotatable blower for inducing air to flow from the air inlet
means through the condensing chamber to the air outlet means,
h. means for collecting liquid droplets which is positioned within
the housing and located between the disc and blower,
i. a pump for removing liquid from the condenser apparatus, and
j. means for driving the rotatable components including the pump,
the improvement comprising an auxiliary liquid discharge outlet
having an opening outside the condensing chamber and located below
and spaced from said liquid inlet means, to provide an air gap
therebetween.
8. The condenser apparatus of claim 7 wherein the auxiliary liquid
discharge outlet includes a sump in communication with the outlet
opening, the sump being partially located within the condensing
chamber at the bottom thereof.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to condenser apparatus, and more
particularly to condenser apparatus for utilization in an automatic
clothes dryer so that warm moisture-laden air from the clothes
dryer is cooled and moisture removed therefrom.
2. Description of the Prior Art
In automatic clothes dryers it is common to vent the warm
moisture-laden exhaust air or vapor outside the machine and
preferably even outside the house or building while air is
constantly being introduced into the clothes dryer, heated and
passed over the fabrics to be dried. It is not, however, always
possible and, in fact, it may not be desirable to provide such a
venting system for automatic clothes dryers in apartments or other
high rise housing establishments. In drying fabrics in a clothes
dryer it is highly desirable to be able to heat the air, pass the
heated air over the fabrics to be dried and withdraw moisture
therefrom, remove the hot moisture-laden air from the fabrics and
introduce it into an apparatus that lowers the temperature of the
moisture-laden air thereby condensing out moisture from the air,
then recirculate the air through the clothes dryer.
Condensing apparatus has been utilized in laundry machines, both
combination clothes washers and dryers and automatic clothes
dryers, for many years. One such condensing apparatus is shown in
U.S. Pat. No. 2,451,692 wherein moist air is passed through a water
spray from a nozzle that is also used to effect movement of the
air; the free water from the spray is to be removed by a stationary
screen. Another type of condensing apparatus is disclosed in U.S.
Pat. No. 2,785,557 wherein only a controlled portion of the moist
air is passed through a dehumidifier. U.S. Pat. No. 2,921,384 shows
apparatus that uses an impeller to circulate air that also has the
cooling water discharged directly against the impeller, however,
there is no free water collection means provided. U.S. Pat. No.
3,121,000 utilizes a condensing arrangement that produces a
coherent film of water on a channel wall to avoid entrainment of
water droplets.
Condenser apparatus for automatic clothes dryers must be efficient
in operation, low in manufacturing cost, and economical to operate
in order to make it desirable. It should also be compact and of a
size such that it can be easily installed in present standard size
clothes dryers.
Moreover, when condenser apparatus is used in residencies, plumbing
codes often require that if a negative pressure is produced in the
incoming water line, only air will be taken in rather than any
liquid from the apparatus. This, of course, would be particularly
true when the condenser apparatus is incorporated in an automatic
clothes dryer.
By my invention, there is provided an improved condenser apparatus
particularly for use in automatic clothes dryers that accomplishes
the above-mentioned desirable characteristics not found in
condenser apparatus heretofore.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
There is provided condenser apparatus for removing moisture from
the air and particularly a condenser apparatus that is utilized in
connection with an automatic clothes dryer and includes a housing
for the condenser apparatus, which housing has both a cooling
liquid inlet and an air inlet at one end, an air outlet at the
opposite end of the housing, and a condensing chamber therebetween.
Means to form a liquid droplet cloud in the condensing chamber is
provided.
Near the air outlet of the condenser apparatus there is means such
as a rotatable blower, for inducing an air flow through the
condenser apparatus from the air inlet to the air outlet passing
through the liquid droplet cloud. Located between the blower and
the means to form a liquid droplet cloud, also positioned within
the condenser housing, is a means, such as a rotatable water wheel,
for collecting entrained liquid droplets before they can pass into
the blower. A liquid pump that removes both the introduced cooling
liquid and the moisture condensed from the air from the condenser
apparatus to a drain external of the condenser apparatus and means
for rotatably driving all of the rotating elements including the
pump is also provided.
This invention relates to utilizing in such a condenser apparatus
an auxiliary liquid discharge outlet from the condenser apparatus
to provide a vertical air gap between the liquid inlet and the
auxiliary liquid outlet of the condenser apparatus. The auxiliary
liquid outlet includes an opening outside the condensing chamber
and a sump that is formed by surrounding walls and which is
partially located within the housing at the bottom of the
condensing chamber. The auxiliary liquid outlet opening is in
communication with the sump and is located outside the condensing
chamber and arranged to be positioned below and spaced from the
liquid inlet means of the condenser apparatus. If the condenser
pump fails to operate liquid accumulates in the condenser apparatus
sump until it overflows and the liquid is discharged through the
auxiliary outlet opening to the outside of the condensing
chamber.
It is an object of this invention to provide an improved condenser
apparatus.
It is another object of this invention to provide an improved
condenser apparatus, having an air gap between the liquid inlet and
an auxiliary liquid outlet.
It is also an object of this invention to provide a condenser
apparatus which is simple in construction, efficient in operation,
compact in size to enable its incorporation into standard size
automatic clothes dryers and which has an air gap between the
liquid inlet and an auxiliary liquid outlet.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of an automatic clothes dryer
suitable for incorporation of the condenser apparatus utilizing the
present invention, the view being partly broken away and partly in
section to illustrate details.
FIG. 2 is a view taken along the lines 2--2 of FIG. 1 showing the
condenser apparatus installed in the automatic clothes dryer.
FIG. 3 is a side elevational, cross-sectional view of the condenser
apparatus utilizing the invention.
FIG. 4 is a front elevational view of the condenser apparatus shown
in FIG. 3 taken along lines 4--4 and partially broken away to
illustrate details.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now to the drawings and initially to FIG. 1 thereof,
there is illustrated a domestic automatic clothes dryer 10
including an appearance and protective outer cabinet 11 having a
door or closure 12 to provide access into the interior of the
cabinet for loading and unloading fabrics. Provided on the top 13
of cabinet 11 is a control housing 14 which may, in a conventional
way, include a suitable manual control 15 connected to a control
assembly 16 mounted in the control housing 14. By manual setting of
control 15, the machine may be caused to start and automatically
proceed through a cycle operation.
Within cabinet 11, there is provided a clothes tumbling container
or drum 17 mounted for rotation on a substantially horizontal axis.
Drum 17 is substantially cylindrical in shape, having a central
cylindrical wall portion 18, and outer cylindrical wall portions 19
and 20, located respectively adjacent an annular front wall 21 and
a circular rear wall 22 of the drum. Wall portions 18, 19 and 20
are imperforate while rear wall 22 has a plurality of perforations
33. On the interior surface of wall portion 18 there is a plurality
of clothes tumbling ribs 23 so that clothes are lifted up when the
drum rotates, and then permitted to tumble back down to the bottom
of the drum. The front of the drum 17 may be rotatably supported
within outer cabinet 11 by suitable slide members or idler wheels,
one of the latter of which is indicated by the numeral 24.
The rear end of drum 17 receives its support by means of a stub
shaft 27 extending from the center of wall 22. Shaft 27 is secured
within a bearing 28 mounted in a baffle-like structure 29 which, in
turn, is rigidly secured by means 31 to the back wall 30 of the
cabinet 11.
In order to provide for the flow of drying air through the clothes
drum, it is provided with a central aperture 32 in the front wall
21 and a plurality of perforations 33 in the rear wall 22. The air
provided to the drum is heated by an electrical resistance heating
element 37, the element being the form shown in the drawings, and
issues from the outlet 34 of the heating unit 35. Heating unit 35
includes a heater housing 36 and the electrical resistance heating
element 37. In the conventional way, air is drawn into the heating
unit 35 through an inlet opening 38 (FIG. 2) and is warmed as is
passes over and through the electrical resistance heating element
37 and then out the heater outlet 34.
The outlet end 34 of the heating unit communicates with an upwardly
extending duct 45, which enters a generally circular heat diffuser
chamber 47 formed between the structure 29 and the rear wall 22 of
drum 17. A flexible circumferential seal 39 is interposed between
member 29 and rear wall 22 of the drum to provide a rear drum
airseal and is secured to member 29 and contacts the rear wall of
the rotating drum. The heated air flows from the chamber 47 through
the perforations 33 into the interior of the drum 17.
The front opening 32 of the drum is substantially closed by means
of a bulkhead generally indicated by the numeral 50. Bulkhead 50 is
made up of a number of adjacent members including the inner surface
51 of the access door 12, a stationary frame 52 formed as a flange
on front wall 46 of the cabinet and a front door liner 42.
A transition duct 62 is formed by joining together cavity member 54
and cavity member 53 at an annular flange 55. It will be noted that
a suitable clearance is provided between the inner edge of aperture
32 and the edge of frame 52 so that there is no rubbing between the
drum and the frame during rotation of the drum. In order to prevent
substantial air leakage through the aperture 32, a suitable front
drum ring seal 56 is secured to the flange 65 in sealing
relationship with the exterior surface of the drum wall 21.
Door 12 is mounted on cabinet 11 so that when the door is opened
fabrics may be inserted into and removed from the drum through the
door frame 52.
The air outlet from the drum is provided by a perforated opening 59
formed in the inner wall 51 of the hollow door. The bottom wall
section of door 12 and the adjacent wall of door frame 52 are
provided with aligned openings 60 and 61, opening 61 providing an
entrance to the duct 62. A lint trap 63 may be positioned in the
duct 62 within opening 61 and supported by the door frame 52. Duct
62 leads downwardly and communicates with condenser housing 64. It
is within the condenser housing that the hot moisture-laden air is
cooled which causes moisture to be removed from the air prior to
reintroducing the air into the heating unit 35 and then
recirculated through the clothes dryer.
With reference to FIGS. 1, 3 and 4 in particular, the operation and
construction of the condenser apparatus will now be explained. The
condenser apparatus includes a housing 64 which is cylindrical or
drum shaped and has an air inlet 66 located at the front of the
condenser unit which is also near the front of the clothes dryer.
Hot moisture-laden air from the drum is introduced into the
condenser unit through the air inlet 66 by a transition duct 62
(FIG. 1) between the drum and the air inlet. Also located at the
same end of the condenser housing 64 is a liquid inlet means 70
which may conveniently be a hose or tubular conduit 72 supported by
structure 74 secured in a suitable fashion to the condenser
housing. The structure 74 secures and positions the tubular conduit
72 substantially on the longitudinal axis of the condenser housing
64 with the end 73 of the conduit 72 directed into the condenser
apparatus. The liquid introduced into the condenser apparatus by
means of the tubular conduit 72 passes through a solenoid operated
valve (not shown) and is in the form of a stream. The liquid is
furnished from a source external of the clothes dryer such as a
household faucet. Spaced axially from the liquid inlet means 70 is
a concentrically positioned rotatable disc 76.
At the opposite end of the condenser housing 64 from the liquid
inlet means 70 is a blower 78 for inducing air to flow from the air
inlet 66 to an air outlet 80. The blower 78 not only induces air
flow through the condenser apparatus but causes the air to flow
through the entire clothes dryer so that only a single blower is
needed. The blower in this embodiment consists of a rotatable
blower wheel having a plurality of blades 82 secured as by molding
to circular plate 83 and a confining air space 84 surrounding the
blower wheel for developing sufficient air pressure within the
blower to induce the above-mentioned air flow through the entire
clothes dryer including the condenser unit. Positioned within the
condenser housing 64 and located between the rotatable disc 76 and
the blower 78 is a liquid droplet collecting means 86 which in the
present preferred embodiment described is in the form of a
rotatable water wheel having a plurality of spaced blades 88 which
extend radially outward from the axis of rotation of the wheel. The
axial depth of blades 88 is such that they extend from the blower
wheel 78 into the condensing chamber 90. The blades 88 are
integrally formed with a hub 92 and are spaced so that air flowing
through the condenser apparatus may flow through the spaces between
the radial blades 88 and into the blower. Surrounding the water
droplet collecting means 86 is a pump 94 which consists of a
rotatable U-shaped inner wall 96 and a stationary outer pump wall
98 which cooperate with each other to provide a pump cavity 100
therebetween. The outer pump wall 98 may be integrally formed with
the condenser housing. Also forming one part of the pump 94 is a
circumferential wall member 99 that is stationary and secured to
the inside of the condenser housing and inwardly depending
therefrom. Rotation of the inner pump wall 96 forces the liquid to
be accelerated circumferentially by rotational force and discharged
through the pump discharge outlet 102. The discharge outlet 102 is
connected by suitable means to a drain outside of the clothes
dryer.
Located at the bottom of the condenser housing 64 is an auxiliary
liquid discharge outlet. The auxiliary outlet comprises a sump 104
that is formed by a surrounding wall area 108 and which is
partially located within the housing at the bottom of the
condensing chamber 90 and may, if desired, be formed integrally
with the condenser housing 64. The liquid discharge outlet has an
opening 109 located outside the condenser chamber and is in
communication with the sump 104 and is arranged to be spaced from
and located below the liquid inlet means 70 to provide a vertical
air gap therebetween. As mentioned previously plumbing codes
generally require a sufficient air gap in association with the
water inlet, so that if a negative pressure is produced in the
water line, only air will be taken in. It can be seen in FIG. 4
that if the liquid accumulates in the condenser apparatus sump to a
point that it overflows, there is a vertical air gap in the system
between the liquid discharge outlet opening 109 and the liquid
inlet end 73. If desired, means for discontinuing operation of the
condenser apparatus responsive to the auxiliary liquid discharge
may be provided. One such means could be an externally located
float mechanism activated by overflow liquid discharged from the
condenser.
At the rear of the condenser housing 64 is a rear wall 110 which
forms part of the condenser housing. The rear wall 110 together
with cylindrical wall section 111 of housing 64 and inwardly
directed circular flange 113 form the blower chamber 84. Secured to
the rear wall 110 on the opposite side from the blower chamber 84
is an electric motor 112 which may be suitably attached to the rear
wall as by bolts 114. The electric motor has a rotatable shaft
extending through an aperture 116 in the rear wall 110 close to the
central longitudinal axis of the condenser apparatus. Secured to
this motor shaft 115, which extends into the condenser housing, are
the four rotatable elements of the condenser apparatus, namely, the
blower 78, the water droplet collecting means or water wheel 86,
inner wall 96 of the pump 94 and the disc 76. The single motor 112
rotatably drives all four of these condenser apparatus
elements.
The motor shaft 115 also extends rearward of the motor in the
opposite direction from the condenser apparatus and is utilized to
rotate drum 17. In order to effect this rotation, motor 112 is
provided with a shaft portion 118 having a small pulley 120 secured
to the end thereof. Around the pulley 120 and seated in groove 121
and entirely around the cylindrical wall section 18 of drum 17 is a
movable belt 122. The relative circumference of the pulley 120 and
the wall section 18 of the drum 17 causes the drum to be driven by
the motor at a speed suitable to effect tumbling of fabrics to be
dried in the drum. In order to effect proper tensioning of the belt
122, a suitable idler assembly 124 is secured to the same support
126 which supports one end of the motor.
The air exiting the condenser apparatus through air outlet 80
passes via duct 128 into the heating unit 35 for heating the air
and recirculating it into the clothes dryer drum 17.
The operation of the condenser and dryer apparatus is as follows:
Hot moisture-laden air that has been passed through the clothes
dryer drum and picked up moisture from the fabrics tumbled therein
is introduced into the condenser unit through the air inlet opening
66 while a stream of cooling liquid is being introduced into the
condenser unit through tubular conduit 72. When the condenser
apparatus is operating the electric motor provides for simultaneous
rotation of the blower 78, droplet collecting water wheel 86, inner
wall 96 of pump 94 and disc 76. As disc 76 is being rotated the
stream of liquid being introduced impinges onto the flat center
area 40 of the rapidly rotating disc. The liquid striking the
rotating surface is acted upon by centrifugal force causing the
liquid to spread into a film or sheet and swirl and travel up the
inclined inner wall surface 129 of the continuous wall 41 of the
disc 76 to the periphery 131 thereof and from there thrown
outwardly in the form of liquid droplets 130. The generally radial
flight of the liquid droplets 130 is interrupted by the inner
surface 132 of the condenser housing 64 whereupon the liquid
droplets are deflected back toward the center of the condenser
chamber 90, this in effect produces a curtain or cloud of liquid
droplets within the condensing chamber 90 while the incoming hot
moisture-laden air from the dryer drum flows through this resultant
liquid droplet cloud. The hot moisture-laden air in contact with
the cooler liquid droplets causes the air temperature to be lowered
and the moisture condensed therefrom. Because the air flowing
through the condenser chamber 90 may entrain some liquid droplets
the water droplet collecting means 86 is positioned upstream of the
blower 78 between the disc 76 and blower 78 so that entrained
liquid droplets are essentially collected by the rotating blades 88
and deposited in an underlying liquid bath 133 which is in
communication with the pump 94 through an opening 134. It will be
understood that simultaneously with the introduction of cooling
liquid into the condenser apparatus through the tubular conduit 72
that liquid will also be removed from the condenser apparatus by
the pump 94 at a rate such that only a small amount of liquid is in
the liquid bath 133 at a given time during operation of the
condenser apparatus. The now cooled air reaches the blower 78 which
applies air pressure to induce the air flow and force the air out
of the condenser apparatus through air outlet 80 for introduction
into the heating unit 35 and again recirculate through the clothes
dryer.
The foregoing is a description of the preferred embodiment of the
invention and variations may be made thereto without departing from
the true spirit of the invention, as defined in the appended
claims.
* * * * *