U.S. patent number 3,874,846 [Application Number 05/371,640] was granted by the patent office on 1975-04-01 for transfer printing method.
Invention is credited to John M. Ashe.
United States Patent |
3,874,846 |
Ashe |
April 1, 1975 |
Transfer printing method
Abstract
A method is disclosed for transfer printing background color and
an ink pattern on opposite faces of a web of grey goods double knit
from a synthetic material.
Inventors: |
Ashe; John M. (Huntingdon
Valley, PA) |
Family
ID: |
23464815 |
Appl.
No.: |
05/371,640 |
Filed: |
June 20, 1973 |
Current U.S.
Class: |
8/471; 8/485;
8/922; 101/32; 101/470; 8/497; 68/7; 101/179 |
Current CPC
Class: |
D06B
11/0076 (20130101); D06P 5/004 (20130101); Y10S
8/922 (20130101) |
Current International
Class: |
D06P
5/24 (20060101); D06B 11/00 (20060101); D06P
5/28 (20060101); D06p 003/24 (); D06p 003/52 ();
B41m 005/26 () |
Field of
Search: |
;101/470,179,32
;8/2.5 |
References Cited
[Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
Foreign Patent Documents
Other References
International Dyer and Textile Printer, Mar. 19, 1971, pp. 335-340,
Transfer Printing - art or science by Burtonshaw..
|
Primary Examiner: Coughenour; Clyde I.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Seidel, Gonda & Goldhammer
Claims
I claim:
1. A method of printing a fabric comprising the steps of providing
a web of double knit heat-set fabric which is substantially oil
free gray goods having a weight of between 6 and 14 ounces per
yard, feeding said web of fabric, providing a web of paper having a
subliming ink pattern and background color thereon, feeding said
web of paper so that the webs are in frictional contact with one
another, transfer printing said ink pattern and background color
from the web of paper to one face of said web of fabric while the
moving webs are taut and subjected to heat and pressure at a first
printing station, providing a second web of paper having subliming
ink pattern and background color thereon, feeding said second web
of paper so as to be juxtaposed to the opposite face of the web of
fabric, transfer printing the ink pattern and background color on
said second web of paper to said opposite face of said web of
fabric while the web of fabric and second web of paper are taut and
subjected to heat and pressure at a second printing station, and
then collecting the web of fabric which has been printed on
opposite faces thereof at a receiver.
2. A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein said step of
printing the pattern from said second web of paper to said opposite
face of said web of fabric includes orientating the pattern on said
opposite face with respect to the pattern on said one face of the
web of fabric.
3. A method in accordance with claim 2 wherein said step of
transfer printing a pattern to said web of fabric includes the use
of ink markings which simulate woven threads.
4. A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein said webs of paper
are below said web of fabric so that the transfer printing is in an
upward direction, and reversing the direction of the movement of
said web of fabric as it moves between the printing stations.
5. A method in accordance with claim 4 wherein said fabric is a
synthetic material selected from a group consisting of polyesters,
acrylics, and amides.
6. A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein the pressure between
the web of fabric and the webs of paper is approximately 1 pound
per square inch and the temperature at said stations is
approximately 400.degree. to 480.degree.F.
7. A method in accordance with claim 1 including embossing the
pattern on said one face of the web of fabric after both faces of
the web of fabric have been printed.
Description
For many, many years it has been conventional to apply a pattern or
color to fabric by use of dyes. The use of dyes creates an
environmental pollution problem. In accordance with the present
invention, the pattern or color to be applied to the fabric is
accomplished by printing the pattern or color on opposite faces of
a web of grey (greige) goods double knit from a synthetic material.
The word "grey" is a misnomer and does not mean color although the
web of fabric may be colored white, greyish-white, brownish-white,
etc. The term "grey goods" in accordance with the present invention
refers to an unfinished fabric which has been scoured to remove any
oil which may have been added to facilitate the knitting operation
and which has been heat set so as to stabilize the filaments from
which the web of fabric was double knit.
The color and or pattern to be applied to the web of fabric is
first applied to a web of paper. Thereafter, the color and/or
pattern is transferred from the web of paper to one face of the web
of double knit grey goods. Thereafter, color and/or pattern is
applied from a different web of paper to the opposite face of the
double knit grey goods. The color and/or pattern is printed on the
faces of the web by transferral from the webs of paper while the
webs are in intimate frictional contact and subjected to heat and
pressure.
The pattern or color applied to one face of the grey goods may be
the same as that applied to the other face of the grey goods.
Preferably, the patterns are different but compatible. Printing the
pattern on the grey goods facilitates the printing of a plurality
of colors simultaneously with higher speeds of production and
substantially lower cost for the end product. Where desired, the
grey goods having a pattern printed on opposite faces thereof may
be subjected to embossing rollers which emboss any one of a wide
variety of surface textures to the grey goods in a manner which is
compatible with the pattern applied to the opposite faces of the
grey goods.
It is an object of the present invention to provide novel method
for printing an ink pattern on opposite faces of a web of grey
goods double knit from a synthetic material.
It is another object of the present invention to apply multicolor
patterns by printing the same on opposite faces of double knit grey
goods.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a method
for applying patterns to grey goods in a manner which does not
involve the use of dyes and thereby avoid ecology objections to
prior art relating to application of color and/or patterns to grey
goods.
Other objects will appear hereinafter.
For the purpose of illustrating the invention, there is shown in
the drawing a form which is presently preferred; it being
understood, however, that this invention is not limited to the
precise arrangements and instrumentality shown.
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic elevation view of apparatus in accordance
with the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a partial plan view of a web of paper having an ink
pattern to be applied to one face of the web of fabric.
FIG. 3 is a partial plan view of a web of fabric having an ink
pattern applied to one face thereof.
FIG. 4 is a partial plan view of the fabric shown in FIG. 3 but
showing a pattern applied to an opposite face thereof.
Referring to the drawing, where like numerals indicate like
elements, there is shown in FIG. 1 apparatus in accordance with the
present invention designated generally as 10. The apparatus 10 has
associated therewith a source of fabric 12. The source of fabric 12
may be a wheelcart, receptacle, or spool of wound grey goods.
The grey goods is in the form of a web of fabric 14 double knit
from a synthetic material such as a polyester, amides, acrylic,
etc., goods. The web of fabric 14 is free from any oil which may
have been added to the filaments to facilitate ease of knitting.
Any such oil has been removed by scouring. Also, the web of fabric
14 has been heat set. One suitable way in which fabric double knit
from synthetic material may be heat set is to continuously pass the
web of fabric through a gas fired oven at a temperature of about
320.degree.F., when the synthetic materials is a polyester, for a
period of about 7 seconds to stabilize the polyester filaments from
which the web of fabric was knitted. The heat setting temperature
and dwell time may vary as the specific fabric changes.
The web of fabric 14, in the form of grey goods double knit from
synthetic material, extends upwardly around an idler roller 18 and
may pass through a tension bar 16. From the idler roller 18, the
web of fabric 14 extends downwardly through a guide 20 and around
idler rollers 22 at a first printing station. Thereafter, the web
of fabric 14 extends arouond a heated cylinder 24 and is held taut.
The cylinder 24 is supported by drive shaft 16 for rotation in the
direction of the arrow thereon as shown in FIG. 1.
The cylinder 24 is driven at a speed so that a portion of the web
of fabric 14 will be juxtaposed to the periphery of cylinder 24
with a dwell time of about 20 seconds. The cylinder 24 is heated in
any conventional manner to a temperature of about 400.degree. to
480.degree.F. When the synthetic material used to knit the web of
fabric 14 is a polyester, the temperature of cylinder 24 is
preferably 450.degree.F.
An endless belt 28 extends around idler rollers 30 and the cylinder
24 with the web of fabric 14 disposed therebetween. The belt 28 is
made from any convenient material which will not be harmed by
temperature to which it will be subjected during operation of the
apparatus 10. Any one of the idler rollers 30 may be adjustably
supported so as to tension the belt 28 to apply pressure on the web
of fabric 14 in an amount which is about 1 psi of the effective
zone juxtaposed to cylinder 24. As shown such zone is about
180.degree.-200.degree.. The amount of wrap and hence dwell time
may be varied by moving the lower idler rollers 30.
A source of paper 32 is provided. The source of paper 32 is
preferably in the form of a roll of paper mounted on a tensioned
unwind shaft 34. The source of paper 32 thus includes a web of
paper 36 having a single color or multicolor pattern 38 on a face
thereof which will be juxtaposed to a face of the web of fabric 14.
The web of fabric 14 is slightly less than the width of the web of
paper 36 by a suitable dimension such as one-half inch. The web of
paper 36 with the pattern 38 on its uppermost surface is fed
between the web of fabric 14 and the peripheral surface of cylinder
24 and then is wound up on a winder designated generally as 40. The
winder 40 is preferably of the constant torque type which will
maintain the web of paper 36 taut and will provide slippage if too
much torque is utilized to wind up the web of paper 36.
It will be noted that the web of fabric 14 is at all times above
the web of paper 36. The face of the web of paper 36 which does not
contain the pattern 38 is juxtaposed to and in contact with the
rotating periphery of cylinder 24. The web of fabric 14 is between
the web of paper 36 and the belt 28. While the taut webs 14 and 36
are pulled at the same speed and are subjected to heat and
pressure, the pattern 38 on the web of paper 36 is printed onto the
web of fabric 14. The web of paper 36 may be a 45 pound kraft paper
covered on both sides with clay and sold commercially by the Oxford
Paper Company of Rumford, Maine. The ink used to delineate the
pattern 38 is preferably a subliming ink which will be printed on
the web of fabric 14 due to sublimation. Sublimation is a process
whereby any product undergoes a transfer from a solid to a gaseous
state without passing through an intervening liquid state. Per se,
subliming inks are known to those skilled in the art. The pattern
38 is preferably applied to the web of paper 36 by a rotogravure
printing of a subliming ink having high energy dye color substances
called dyestuffs.
In addition to applying the pattern 38 to the web of fabric 14, the
web of paper 36 may also apply a color which forms the background
for the pattern 38 whereby grey goods will attain the apperance of
a white background color, for example. As will be apparent from
FIG. 2, the pattern 38 is preferably in the form of discrete ink
markings which simulate threads used when knitting or weaving
colored filaments to attain a particular pattern. The opposite
faces of the web of fabric 14 are designated 15 and 17. The pattern
38 on the web of paper 36 is transferred to the primary face 15 of
the web of fabric 14 to produce the pattern 38'.
From the lowermost idler roller associated with the belt 28, the
web of fabric 14 extends upwardly across a conveyor 42 so that the
web of fabric 14 moves in a direction opposite to the previous
direction of movement. The conveyor 42 includes a plurality of
idler rollers 46 and a drive roller 48 around which extends an
endless belt 44. From the conveyor 42, the web of fabric 14 extends
downwardly through a guide 50 to a second printing station. The web
of fabric 14 extends around idler rollers 52 and then around a
second heated cylinder 54 mounted on a drive shaft 56. Cylinder 54
is identical with cylinder 24. The web of fabric 14 is pressed
toward the cylinder 54 by an endless belt 58. Belt 58 extends
around idler rollers 60. Any one of the idler rollers 60 may be
made adjustable for tensioning the belt 58 to apply a similar
pressure as described heretofore. The dwell time of the web of
fabric 14 with respect to cylinder 54 is the same as that described
heretofore. It will be noted that the face 15 of the web 14 is
juxtaposed to the belt 58.
A source of paper 62 such as in a roll containing a web of paper 66
is supported by an unwind shaft 64 which is tensioned in the same
manner as shaft 34. The web of paper 66 extends around the cylinder
54 and then extends to a winder 68. The face of the web of paper 66
remote from the surface of cylinder 54 contains a pattern
comparable to pattern 38 which is juxtaposed to the surface 17 of
the web of fabric 14. Due to the appliction of heat and pressure at
the heretofore mentioned dwell time, the pattern on web of paper 66
is printed onto the face 17 of the web of paper 14 and designated
as 67 in FIG. 4. The pattern 67 is compatible with the pattern 38'
and may be of the same or matching colors and preferably has the
same background color. Since the subliming ink printed on the face
15 to form the pattern 38' sets in about one second, the pattern
38' is not disturbed due to contact with the belt 58.
From the cylinder 54, the web of fabric 14 extends upwardly between
an embossing roller 70 and its mating anvil 72. The embossing
roller 70 and its anvil 72 are adapted to be separated from one
another so that the web of fabric 14 may pass therebetween without
getting embossed when desired. At all times, the embossing roller
70 and its anvil 72 are geared together without any backlash so as
to remain in synchronization.
The embossing roller 70 embosses the primary face of the web of
fabric 14, namely the face 15 containing the pattern 38'. The
configuration of the embossments applied by the roller 70 may be
chevrons, a dimpled pattern, parallel lines etc. Different
embossing rollers with mating anvils may be substituted for one
another as desired. The anvil 72 preferably has a plastic sleeve on
its outer periphery.
From the embossing roller 70, the web of fabric 14 extends upwardly
around drive roller 74 and 76. Thereafter, the web of fabric 14
extends downwardly through a horizontally reciprocal folder 78
which feeds the web of fabric 14 to a receiver 80 such as a wheeled
receptacle. Thereafter, the web of fabric 14 may be subjected to
one or more finishing operations such as a steaming frame wherein
live steam is applied to soften and improve the hand of the
fabric.
Separate AC or DC drives are provided for the various driven
components of the apparatus 10. The separate drives are preferably
variable speed range drives whereby the web of fabric 14 will be
moved at a rate of about 6 to 10 yards a minute depending upon the
weight of the material which may range between 6 and 14 ounces per
square yard and the type of material. The webs of paper wound on
the winders 40 and 68 are expandable and discarded after a single
use.
The winder 40 causes the web of paper 36 to be unwound and moved
into frictional contact with the cylinder 24. The winder 68 causes
the web of paper 66 to be unwound and moved into frictional contact
with the cylinder 54. The web of fabric 14 is moved by means of
frictional contact with the belt 28, by the conveyor 42, by
frictional contact with the belt 58, by the pulling effect of the
embossing roller 70, and by the driven rollers 74, 76.
It will be noted that the printing of the opposite faces of the web
of fabric 14 is accomplished sequentially while the web of fabric
14 is moved continuously and reverses its direction of movement
whereby minimal floor space is utilized and minimum apparatus is
needed to facilitate the printing of compatible patterns on
opposite faces of the web of fabric 14.
The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms
without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof,
and, accordingly, reference should be made to the appended claims,
rather than to the foregoing sepcification as indicating the scope
of the invention.
* * * * *